Speakers using visual Speakers using visual aids:aids:

Were twice as successful in getting Were twice as successful in getting their message across as those who their message across as those who used none.used none.

Increased audience information Increased audience information retention five fold from 10% to 50%.retention five fold from 10% to 50%.

Were more successful at reaching a Were more successful at reaching a group consensus 79% of the time group consensus 79% of the time Vs. 58%.Vs. 58%.

Good design Good design Contributes to the effectiveness and Contributes to the effectiveness and

usefulness of the visual aid/document.usefulness of the visual aid/document. Makes the visual aid/document more Makes the visual aid/document more

visually appealing and more readable. visually appealing and more readable. Involves choosing the most appropriate Involves choosing the most appropriate

design elements.design elements. Produces lively and interesting Produces lively and interesting

documents.documents. Helps communicates the message.Helps communicates the message.

Getting StartedGetting Started

Ask QuestionsAsk Questions Establish Goals and ObjectivesEstablish Goals and Objectives Establish the AudienceEstablish the Audience PurposePurpose

Getting StartedGetting Started

PurposePurpose– Persuade - press releases, business Persuade - press releases, business

plans, posters, flyersplans, posters, flyers– Inform - reports, lab work, newsletters, Inform - reports, lab work, newsletters,

instructioninstruction– Identify - layout, certificates, labelsIdentify - layout, certificates, labels– Reference - directories, lists, Reference - directories, lists,

schedules, event calendars, lists of schedules, event calendars, lists of booksbooks

Getting StartedGetting Started

Ask QuestionsAsk Questions Establish Goals and ObjectivesEstablish Goals and Objectives Establish the AudienceEstablish the Audience PurposePurpose Information CategoriesInformation Categories

Getting StartedGetting Started

Information CategoriesInformation Categories– Concept Concept What is it?What is it?– Procedures Procedures How do I do it?How do I do it?– Process Process How is it done?How is it done?– Classification Classification What kind / type is it?What kind / type is it?– Fact Fact What are the specs?What are the specs?– Structure Structure How does it look?How does it look?

Getting StartedGetting Started

Ask QuestionsAsk Questions Establish Goals and ObjectivesEstablish Goals and Objectives Establish the AudienceEstablish the Audience PurposePurpose Information CategoriesInformation Categories Organizing Information – Post-it Organizing Information – Post-it

notesnotes

Establishing A FormatEstablishing A Format

ImageImage ConstraintsConstraints Appropriateness and RelevanceAppropriateness and Relevance ProportionProportion Consistency / Variety Consistency / Variety RestraintRestraint Contrast and Color / White SpaceContrast and Color / White Space

Working with WordsWorking with Words Topography and Font should Topography and Font should

achieve for the reader what the achieve for the reader what the voice does for the listener.voice does for the listener.

Working with WordsWorking with Words

TypefaceTypeface – Arial, Times, Times RomanArial, Times, Times Roman

Font - variations in a typeface Font - variations in a typeface – Palatino, Palatino, Palatino ItalicPalatino Italic, , Palatino BoldPalatino Bold,,

Serif and sans serifSerif and sans serif Point Point The size of letterThe size of letter

Working with Words Working with Words

Creating Emphasis with Type Creating Emphasis with Type StylesStyles– ItalicsItalics BoldBold ALL CAPS ALL CAPS

AlignmentAlignment– Left justified has a ragged right edgeLeft justified has a ragged right edge– Justified text columns are uniform in Justified text columns are uniform in

spaces between the words. spaces between the words. – Centering good for titles.Centering good for titles.

PunctuationPunctuation

Slides don’t Slides don’t reallyreally require it. require it.Less is more – reduce number of Less is more – reduce number of wordswords

Enrollment records show an increase at all Enrollment records show an increase at all the ACC campuses for the fall.the ACC campuses for the fall.

ACC fall enrollment upACC fall enrollment up

Procedures and Guidelines Procedures and Guidelines

Procedures:Procedures:– 1) Plug in the toaster1) Plug in the toaster– 2) Place the bread slices in the slots2) Place the bread slices in the slots– 3) Push down the spring button3) Push down the spring button– 4) Wait for the toast to pop up4) Wait for the toast to pop up– 5) Remove the toast5) Remove the toast

Procedures and Guidelines Procedures and Guidelines

– GuidelinesGuidelines The toast will be light brown when The toast will be light brown when

donedone Toast can be eaten at breakfastToast can be eaten at breakfast Try spreading toast with jamTry spreading toast with jam

– Use some sort of bullet when listing Use some sort of bullet when listing items and not a hyphen.items and not a hyphen.

Use of Images & GraphicsUse of Images & Graphics

Helps convey the message. Helps convey the message. Supports the message.Supports the message. Use text to augment not dominate Use text to augment not dominate

visual. visual. Don't crowd text in a box - let it Don't crowd text in a box - let it

breathe. breathe. Line drawings - technical Line drawings - technical

information.information.

Use of Images & GraphicsUse of Images & Graphics

For complex visuals - show the entire For complex visuals - show the entire illustration, - then isolate details.illustration, - then isolate details.

Simplify visuals.Simplify visuals. Rulers, borders, boxes initial caps, Rulers, borders, boxes initial caps,

bullets, and arrows - create strong bullets, and arrows - create strong organization guide the eye from place organization guide the eye from place to place.to place.

Charts and graphs present data Charts and graphs present data visually.visually.

7 Basic Types Graphs and 7 Basic Types Graphs and ChartsCharts1. Bar graphs1. Bar graphs2. Stack Bar 2. Stack Bar 3. Pie charts3. Pie charts4. Line graphs4. Line graphs5. Area graphs.5. Area graphs.6. Flow charts or diagrams6. Flow charts or diagrams7. Scatter graphs 7. Scatter graphs

Color with TextColor with Text Use from three to four different colors Use from three to four different colors Contrast between backgrounds and textContrast between backgrounds and text Avoid certain color combinations red/greenAvoid certain color combinations red/green Pay attention to the background color. Pay attention to the background color. Content also dictates how the color will be Content also dictates how the color will be

interpreted. interpreted. Darker colors are perceived as being Darker colors are perceived as being

heavier than lighter colors.heavier than lighter colors.

Production NotesProduction Notes

Document Stand Materials Document Stand Materials & Power Point Slides& Power Point Slides

Words - think "Brevity”Words - think "Brevity” Key phrases or important points.Key phrases or important points. Less is more and bigger is better.Less is more and bigger is better. As a general rule use a maximum of 6 As a general rule use a maximum of 6

words across, 6 lines deep. (+/- 2) words across, 6 lines deep. (+/- 2) Lists at least 3 items no more than 7.Lists at least 3 items no more than 7.

LayoutLayout Use horizontal positioning.Use horizontal positioning. Choose a Typestyle that is easy to read.Choose a Typestyle that is easy to read. Highlight important points with a bullet.Highlight important points with a bullet. Title/Headline use 24 pt. or 36 pt. Title/Headline use 24 pt. or 36 pt. Text 18 pt. or 24 pt.Text 18 pt. or 24 pt. Titles need to appear in the same Titles need to appear in the same

position.position. Strive for balance, simplicity and Strive for balance, simplicity and

diversity.diversity.

HandoutsHandouts

Help augment classroom activities.Help augment classroom activities. Can provide further in depth Can provide further in depth

information.information. Overheads provide structure to the Overheads provide structure to the

lecture.lecture. Provide detail that won't fit on an Provide detail that won't fit on an

overhead. overhead. Should not contain the entire lecture on Should not contain the entire lecture on

a single page.a single page.

ProofreadingProofreading Check spelling, grammar, punctuation, facts Check spelling, grammar, punctuation, facts

and figures. and figures. Spell checker - typos and misspelled words.Spell checker - typos and misspelled words. Make sure it is “write” word. Make sure it is “write” word. Omitted, and transposed double words Omitted, and transposed double words

words.words. Have someone else read the materials. Have someone else read the materials. Check the spelling of people's names.Check the spelling of people's names.