specialists, pathology, diagnostics, & treatments
TRANSCRIPT
Orthopedist ◦ Aka orthopedic surgeon
Chiropractor◦ Specializes in manipulative treatment
Doctor of Osteopathic medicine (DO)◦ Manipulative treatment and traditional medicine
Podiatrist◦ Specializes in diagnosing and treating foot disorders
Rheumatologist◦ Specialize in diagnosis and treatment of connective
tissue disorders
Bone type Doctors
Ankylosis Arthralgia Arthrosclerosis Bursitis Chondroma Chondromalacia Hallux valgus
◦ Aka bunion
Joint Disorders
Luxation◦ Aka dislocation of a bone from its joint◦ Subluxation-partial dislocation
Synovitis Arthritis
◦ Plain Jane ◦ Osteo◦ Gouty-formation of uric acid crystals in the
joint◦ Rheumatoid (RA)◦ Juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (juvenile RA)
Joint Disorders
Ruptured/herniated disk Lumbago Spondylitis-inflammation of the
vertebrae Spondylolisthesis-the forward
movement of the body of one of the lower lumbar vertebra on the vertebra below it ◦ slipping of vertebra
Spondylosis – Degenerative condition of the vertebrae
Spine disorders
Spine disorders Spina Bifida
◦ Congenital condition
◦ The spinal canal fails to close around the spinal cord
◦ Many cases caused by a lack of folic acid during the early stages of pregnancy
Curvatures◦ Kyphosis-outward
curvature of the thoracic spine
◦ Lordosis-abnormal increase in the forward curvature of the lumbar spine
◦ Scoliosis-abnormal sideways curvature of the spine
Osteitis Osteomalacia-abnormal softening of bones due
to disease Osteomyelitis-inflammation of bone and bone
marrow Osteonecrosis-death of bone tissue Osteoporosis Osteitis deformans
◦ Paget’s disease◦ Disease of unknown cause characterized by bone
destruction followed by abnormal bone repair
Bone disorders
Talipesaka clubfoot
Tumors◦ Ewing’s Sarcoma◦ Myeloma◦ Osteochondroma◦ Leukemia◦ Lymphoma
Exostosis – benign growth on the surface of a bone
Bone disorders
Aka Fx Crepitus
Colles’ Greenstick Comminuted-crushed or splintered bone Compression Stress Spiral
Bone Fractures
Ewing’s sarcoma◦ Family of malignant tumors◦ Most frequently affects children or adolescents◦ May spread rapidly to other body sites
Myeloma ◦ A malignant tumor composed of cells derived
from blood-forming tissues of the bone marrow◦ Usually progressive, often fatal
Osteochondroma ◦ Most common benign bone tumor◦ Growths on the surface that protrude as hard
lumps covered with a cap of cartilage
Tumors of Bones
Arthrocentesis◦ Surgical puncture of joint space to remove fluid
Arthroscopy◦ Visual exam of the internal structure of a joint
Bone Density Test (BDT)◦ Use of radiation to determine bone density◦ Used for suspected osteoporosis, osteomalacia, &
Paget’s disease Bone Marrow Biopsy (BMB)
◦ Inserting a sharp needle into the hipbone or sternum and removing bone marrow cells
◦ Used to determine why blood cells are abnormal◦ Also used to fine a donor match for bone marrow
transplant
Diagnostic procedures
Bone scan◦ Use of nuclear medicine to detect bone
cancer and osteomyelitis Dual x-ray absorptiometry (DXA)
◦ Low-exposure radiographic measurement that is most often used to detect early signs of osteoporosis
Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)◦ Used to image soft tissue structures
Radiographs◦ aka x-rays ◦ Used to visualize fractured bones
Diagnostic procedures
Bone ◦ Bone marrow transplant- used to treat
leukemia⚫Autologous-originating within an individual⚫Allogenic-originating within another
Treatments and Surgeries
Joints◦ Arthroscopic surgery◦ Synovectomy◦ Arthrodesis-suturing or wiring together of
bones◦ Arthrolysis-surgical loosening of an ankylosed
joint◦ Periosteotomy◦ Arthroplasty-surgical repair or replacement of a
damaged joint◦ Joint replacement◦ Bursectomy?
Spinal Column◦ Diskectomy◦ Percutaneous diskectomy-through the skin◦ Laminectomy◦ Fusion
Head◦ Craniectomy◦ Craniotomy?◦ Cranioplasty? ◦ Page 55
Treatments and Surgeries
Other bone terms
◦Osteoclasis Surgical fx of a bone to
correct a deformity
◦Ostectomy
◦Osteoplasty
◦Osteorraphy
Treatments and Surgeries
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