Sponges and

Cnidarians

Sponges

Sponges Intro.

Origin EvolutionCollar cells

Uses of collar cells

Sponges Intro, cont.Diversity

Species #Variety

Characteristics of SpongesKingdom

PhylumThey are mostly# of cellsBody contains

Characteristics of SpongesSymmetryInterior surface

Choanocyte

ChoanocyteBeatingCreateCapture

ChoanocyteCollar is made of Why?

ChoanocyteThe food particles then How?

Food and Oxygen ExchangeEfficient? Non-efficient?

Why?▪ Lots of collar cells working together

Structure of a SpongeMade of?

Spicules – Spongin –

Spicules

SponginFun fact:

When you wash with natural

sponges, this is the portion you wash/exfoliate

with!

Spicules & Spongin

Characteristics of SpongesReproduce asexually

By? 2 monthsLarvaAdults

Budding

Sexual

Sponge Love Scene

#2

Sponge Love Scene #1

Gemmule

Three Main Body Types1. Asconoid

Def Characteristics

Three Main Body Types

2. Syconoid Def Characteristic

s

Three Main Body Types

3. Leuconoid Def Characteristi

cs

Classification of Sponges

Kingdom:Phylum:Class CalcareaClass HexactinellidaClass Demospongiae

Class CalcareaSpicules

Made of Shape

Body types?

Class HexactinellidaSpicules

Made of? Description

Body types?Often called?

Class Hexactinellida

Class DemospongiaeSpicules

Made of Description

Body types?Other characteristics

Class Demospongiae

Cnidarians

Characteristics of CnidariansKingdom

Phylum

Examples:

Where do they live???

Characteristics of Cnidarians

Symmetry Head region? Two basic types:

1. Name, def, examples2. Name, def, examples

Polyp FormPolyp –

Lifestyle of polyps?

Body shape? Mouth

Medusa FormMedusa –

Lifestyle? Body shape? Mouth

Life CycleBody forms?Reproduction

Polyp Medusa

Life Cycle

Characteristics of CnidariansTwo layered body

Epidermis – ▪ Def▪ Derived from?

Gastrodermis – ▪ Def▪ Derived from?▪ Lines the▪ Main function

Characteristics of Cnidarians

Characteristics of Cnidarians

Tentacles contain Function Characteristics Nematocyst

NematocystStinging cells ContainWhen do they uncoil?Contain

Nematocysts

Nematocyst

Firing

Four Classes of Cnidarians

Class Hydrozoa

Class Scyphozoa

Class Cubozoa

Class Anthozoa

Class HydrozoaSolitaryColonialReproduce?Where do they live?Examples:

Hydra

Obilia

Polyp Medusa

Physalia

Class ScyphozoaMovementBody formWhere do they live?Organs?Examples:

Aurelia

Cassiopeia

Class CubozoaMovementBody formWhere do they live?Characteristics?Examples:

Carybdea

Chiropsalmus

Class AnthozoaMovementBody formWhere do they live?Examples:

Exist in three subclasses▪ Subclass Hexacorallia▪ Subclass Ceriantipatharia▪ Subclass Octocoral

Hexacorallia

Ceriantipatharia

Octocorallia

Sponges and Cnidarians in BiosphereHuman Uses

Bioindicators:▪ Sponges

▪ Filter ▪ Pollutants

▪ Corals: ▪ sensitive to

Help protect

Sponges and Cnidarians in Biosphere Biomedical/Pharmaceutical industry1. ?2. ?

Consumer products1. ?2. ?

Sponges and Cnidarians in BiosphereIn the Environment

Form of Many symbiotic relationships Corals and Sponges

▪ The most abundant▪ Base of▪ May be used as

▪ Ex:

Sponges and Cnidarians in BiosphereOther relationships

Cnidarians with (protists)—▪ Form

Homes for▪ use sponges as

homes▪ Coral reefs provide

Sponges and Cnidarians in Biosphere

Protection Fish use (Ex:

) Coats itself with from sea

anemone,▪ Therefore the sea anemone does not▪ Tentacles protect