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Spring 2004 • Volume 2 Issue 10 The Newsletter for NACE Coating Inspectors and Students

Today’s high perfor-mance coating systemsare designed to last formany years. If we selectthe right coating systemfor the right service en-vironment, mixed cor-rectly, thinned correctly,

The Value of Third Party Inspectionof CoatingsMike Reynolds, Manager of Coating Services

applied correctly, under the right ambient con-ditions to a correctly prepared surface, free ofcontaminates, we have an excellent chance toachieve the service life for which the coating sys-tem is designed. If at any step in the process amistake is made, the service life of the coatingwill be shortened. Third-party coating inspectionlessons the chance of mistakes, which will al-ways bring down the cost per square foot for theservice life of the structure being coated. Thispaper will outline problems encountered in coat-ing operations, and the process and purpose ofthird-party coating inspection.

IntroductionTo understand and appreciate the impor-

tance and value of third-party coating inspec-tion, one must first understand why we paint.The most common reason is to protect assets.It is much less expensive to recoat than to re-place. Because of the high costs involved incoating projects, owners need to get a longservice life from their coating system. A longerservice life will reduce the cost per square footfor the service life of the coated structure. Toachieve the longest possible service life own-ers need a well-planed painting program. If

you start with a well-written coating specifica-tion that is tailored to the job and calls for acoating system that has been proven in a simi-lar service environment, and you have a coat-ing contractor with qualified applicators andthe right equipment to do the job, then the thirdparty inspector completes the team. He is therenot only as the eyes, ears, and documentation forthe job, but, to protect the assets of also the ownerand to work with the contractor to assure thatthe best possible job is done while following thespecification to the letter.

InspectionThe third-party inspector should become an

integral part of the team. This begins at thepre-job conference, where the job is spelledout from bottom to top. During this meeting itis important that the people who will be work-ing on the project fully understand what is re-quired by the specs and discuss and look atprocedures and processes that will be used.All questions should be resolved and all par-ties should be in agreement before starting thejob. The inspector is often the only represen-tative of the owner with whom the contractorwill have any major contact. The inspectormust have sufficient knowledge of the job, thespecification, and the coating materials to actas the interpreter of the specification and asan intermediary between the contractor andthe owner in order to assure that the owner

continued on p. 2 “Third Party”

INSIDEThe Value of Third Party Coatings .................... 1

Get This! ......................................................... 2

NACE CIP and Bridges ...................................... 3

The Tale of Tape—ASTM D 3359 ..................... 4

CORROSION/2004 Coatings Track ..................... 6

10,000 Students .............................................. 7

Wanna Work? Head to the Islands, Man! ......... 9

Determining the Base-MetalReading for a Type II ConstantPressure Gauge .................................... 10

CIP Schedule ................................................. 11

Coatings Resources—Technical Committees ............................ 12

Coatings Resources—Standards & Reports ............................. 16

What a Difference a Year Makes ................... 18

TechEdge Series ............................................ 19

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receives the kind of job for which he or shecontracted. The inspector must be sufficientlypolitical to give in on some items that are oflittle consequence and yet hold firm on thosewhich are going to make a substantial differ-ence in the effectiveness of the job. Communi-cation is often a problem between the owner,the material supplier, and the contractor. Theinspector can be the intermediary between allparties, providing the communication that isnecessary to obtain the proper job.

Other points to consider:• The coating inspector must be well-trained,

experienced, objective, and accurate.• A good coating inspector should also have

some experience in the industry in whichhe or she is inspecting.

• Coating quality and service life depends onthe level of inspection. The best paint avail-able is of little use if it is not properly ap-plied, or if is applied to an inadequate orimproperly prepared surface.

It has been estimated that 75 to 80% of allpremature coating failures are caused by im-proper or inadequate surface preparation.Knowing that the surface preparation processcauses the majority of premature coating fail-ures, the inspector should spend quality timeverifying that the surface preparation is doneproperly according to the specification. It is

continued from p. 2 “Third Party”important to make sure that the proper sur-face preparation is specified for the coatingsystem that is specified, and that the contrac-tor achieves that specified surface preparation.This means the correct degree of blast (white,near white, commercial, or brush-off) usingthe specified abrasive, with the correct anchorprofile, under the correct ambient conditions,and without surface contamination.

After surface preparation, the inspector mustverify that the specified coating system is applied.

The coating inspector should have an ex-cellent knowledge of the application proce-dures used for high-performance coating. Heor she should know the characteristics of airand airless spray, and should be familiar withthe procedures used to properly apply coat-ings with such equipment. Such knowledge canhelp in evaluating the job and in making timelysuggestions to the contractor if applicationproblems occur.

The first coat in a coating system is the primer.The primer must be applied immediately aftersurface preparation, and before any surface rustor contamination can occur.

The coating inspector should verify that theprimer is mixed correctly, thinned correctly,and given the correct induction time, then ap-plied correctly with the correct wet-film thick-ness (WFT) to achieve the correct dry-filmthickness (DFT). Another critical area of in-spection is recoat time between coats in amulti-coat system. A recoat window is the mini-

mum and maximum time between coats ofpaint in a multi-coat system. This informationcan be found in the product data sheet and isaffected by the ambient temperature. There aremany types of coatings that become too hardafter a given period of time and will not allowadhesion between coats. This can cause pre-mature failure due to delaminating if recoatedafter the recoat window has expired. After ap-plication of the primer coat, the inspector willverify that the DFT is as specified, and that thesurface of the primer has not been contami-nated before application of the next coat. Theinspection process then begins again with theintermediate and topcoat, mixed correctly,thinned correctly, applied correctly under theright ambient conditions to an uncontaminatedsurface, following the correct recoat windows. Ifin any of these steps a mistake is made, the ser-vice life of the coating system will be shortened,or a premature coating failure will occur.

Conclusion To understand the value of third-party coat-

ing inspection, one must first realize the costof premature coating failure, which includesthe cost to reblast and recoat, and the some-times larger cost of down time for equipmentand facilities. It has been estimated that thecost of corrosion in the United States alonewill exceed $300 billion this year. If we couldextend the service life of our coating systems,billions of dollars could be saved. ■

GetThis!Congratulations to Robert Guier from Dupont! He is the winner of our latest drawing for a free CIP

course (from the Fall/Winter issue of InspectThis!). Bob successfully completed the CIP Session IICourse in Houston, TX in June of 2003. Bob’s comments:

“Thank you so much for the wonderful news—this is a definite surprise. I have already taken the firsttwo courses and enrolled for the February course being given in Orlando. I am taking these courses toprove to myself that even though I have been doing this for 30 years there is still plenty that I don’t knowor maybe knew and forgot. Based on the previous courses, I am looking forward to learning more in CIPSession III and the peer review. I have had three former inspectors that I mentored while they took theNACE courses and they were all successful in passing. I figured since I have been doing coating and corrosion work for 30 years, it wastime I tried getting certified. I only hope that I am as successful as my fellow workers. Thanks so much for making my day!”

Thanks Bob and good luck!Still don’t get it?? Send an email to InspectThis@mail.nace.org or send a fax to 281/228-6368 letting us know that you saw this ad and

we will put your name into a drawing for a free course registration. To be eligible you must have passed either the CIP Session I Courseor the CIP Exam Course 1. You can use the free course for a Session II, III, or Peer Review, the choice is yours. The free course must betaken before December 31, 2004. (The prize is transferable, but the person receiving the prize must meet the same criterion and havecompleted Session I any time before February 15, 2004. The prize may not be resold). ■

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NACE CIP and Bridges■ CIP I for Bridges ■ New One-Day Short Course—Bridges

According to the 2001 Cost of CorrosionStudy, facilitated by NACE International

through the U.S. Federal Highway Administrationand CC Technologies, the direct cost of corro-sion to U.S. industry and government agencies isa staggering $276 billion a year. Highway bridgesaccount for an estimated $8.3 billion of this to-tal. However, life-cycle analysis of this industrysector estimates the indirect costs to the user dueto traffic delays and lost productivity at more thanten times this amount. Currently there are morethan 583,000 bridges in the U.S. It is estimatedthat approximately 15% of all U.S. bridges arestructurally deficient, primarily due to corrosionof steel and steel reinforcement.

The use of protective coatings is the first line ofdefense against corrosion. Quality coating inspec-tion plays a key role in achieving cost savings byhelping to ensure the proper performance ofmaterials used—“expect what you inspect.” Formore than 20 years NACE has been training andcertifying coating inspectors to evaluate the con-dition of coatings and ensure proper inspectionprocedures are followed.

NACE now offers a CIP Session I for Bridgesand is introducing a one-day Bridge ShortCourse for those already in CIP.

CIP Session I for BridgesThis course provides both the technical and

practical fundamentals for coating inspectionwork and focuses on the role of the bridgeinspector. Students receive over 40 hours ofpersonal and hands-on instruction. There isboth a written and practical (hands-on) ex-amination at the conclusion of the course. Stu-dents obtain recognition as a CoatingInspection Technician upon successfulcompletion of the course examinations.

Course Highlights (include but arenot limited to)• Coating specification• Coatings and curing mechanisms• Documentation (records and reports)• Pre-job conference• Conflict and decision making• Ethics for coating inspectors• Surface preparation (steel and concrete)

• Conventional air spray and airless sprayequipment and techniques

• Thermal spray• Coating of concrete• Test equipment• Coating technology

CIP Short Course for BridgesThis one-day course is designed for those al-

ready recognized or certified within NACE CIP.Course materials specifically focus on coating ap-plication on bridges and the role of the bridgecoating inspector in the quality control process.

Course Highlights (include but arenot limited to)• Special considerations for the bridge envi-

ronment• Bridge inspection issues

• Thermal spray techniques• Coating of concrete• Testing for the presence of soluble salts

A one-hour written examination will be givenat the conclusion of the course. If you success-fully pass the exam, you will receive a bridge en-dorsement on your current CIP card.

Over the years, NACE CIP has become the glo-bal leader in coating inspection training and cer-tification and CIP recognition and certification arebeing specified around the world. NACE CIP forBridges provides all of the current worldwide CIPSession I course credentials, and teaches coat-ing inspection specific to just this industry. Comejoin more than 10,000 other professionals whohave achieved recognition or certifi-cation in the NACE Coating InspectorProgram! ■

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Part 1“Measuring Adhe-

sion by Tape Test”(ASTM D 3359) is oneof the oldest and morecommonly used meth-ods for determiningthe adhesion of a coat-

ing system on a metal substrate. In fact, thetest method is older than most of the peoplereading this article, dating back to the 1930s.The reason for its popularity is simple. TheASTM D 3359 test method is quick, inexpen-sive, and relatively easy to perform; however,there are also several major limitations andpotential procedural problems associated withits use.

Since ASTM D 3359 is used so frequently inthe field by inspectors and others to make de-cisions about the adhesion of coatings, it is

The Tale of the Tape—ASTM D 3359Mike O’Brien

important to understand some of the factorsand variables that affect the results.

The ASTM D 3359 standard contains two testmethods—Method A and Method B. The dry-film thickness generally, but not always deter-mines which method to use. For DFTS greaterthan 130 µm (5 mils), Method A is generallychosen; however, although many inspectorsmay be unaware of it, the standard does allowthe use of Test Method B for films thicker than130 µm (5 mils). Use of Method B for filmsgreater than 130 µm (5 mils) is subject toagreement between the purchaser and theseller and is allowed only if wider spaced cutsare employed. Unfortunately the width of thealternate spacing is not mentioned so this mustbe agreed upon by the parties involved.

Test Method A is primarily intended for jobsite use while Test Method B is normally uti-lized in labs. Since Test Method A is used more

frequently in the field, it is the primary focusof this article.

ASTM D 3359 recognizes that many variablesaffect the result. In the Appendix, X1.6.1 statesthe following:

“The accuracy and precision dependLARGELY upon the skill of the operator andthe operator’s ability to perform the test in aconsistent manner.”

Some of the factors that affect the resultsinclude, but are not necessarily limited to, thefollowing:

• Condition of the cutting blade• Angle of the cut• Sharpness of the blade• Skill of the operator• Operator’s ability to perform the test in

a consistent manner• Adhesive properties of the particular

tape selected

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• Batch of the tape• Tape’s storage time and temperature• Type of coating• Bond strength of coating• Extremes in temperature or humidity

Additional detailed information on some ofthese items is found in the nonmandatory Ap-pendix section of ASTM D 3359.

In reference to the tape used to conductthe test, the standard states the following fourcriteria:

1. 2.5 cm (1.0 in.)2. Semitransparent3. Pressure sensitive4. Agreed upon by the supplier and the

userIn reference to the tape, the Appendix of the

standard states, “—no single tape is likely tobe suitable for testing all coatings.” It goeson to say that, “differences in tapes can leadto to different results as small changes in back-ing thickness and adhesion rheology causelarge changes in the tension area.”

Certain coatings, such as inorganic zincs andother products that contain substantialamounts of metallic pigments or glass flake,are inherently difficult to cut through usingASTM D 3359, particularly when Method B isused. The standard does not address this is-sue directly although it is a problem in the fieldwith certain coatings.

Some coatings, primarily water-based acryl-ics, can take several weeks to achieve full cureand adequate adhesion in certain conditions,namely in environments with high-relative hu-midity and high-temperature. At the time ofapplication these types of products generallyconsist of approximately 60% solvent (mostlywater). Since water-based acrylics dry veryquickly, especially when the steel temperatureis high, owners and inspectors sometimeswrongly assume these coatings also curequickly.

If the ASTM D 3359 test is performed onthese types of coatings prematurely, that is,before the water leaves the film, the coatingwill often peel off in sheets when ASTM D 3359testing is performed. The standard mentionsthat before conducting the test in the field the

surface must be “clean and dry”; however itdoes not require that the coating be cured. Ifwater-based products are not cured adequatelybefore testing, false assessments resulting inserious consequences and premature man-dates may result. Based on poor adhesion rat-ings from ASTM D 3359 tests, some owner’shave insisted that “all the coating be removedby the contractor and reapplied.”

For water-based products that cure by coa-lescence, the higher the relative humidity, thelonger it takes for the water to leave the filmand therefore the longer it takes to cure. Un-fortunately the water-based acrylics dry veryquickly on the top layer, especially when theyare exposed to direct sunlight in the hot sum-

0A in his report—“Removal beyond the areaof the X.” The owner was insisting that all thecoating be blasted off and reapplied.

Their facility was located in central Virginia.The steel was painted inside their plant andthen moved outside to dry in the hot Virginiasummer sun. The daytime air temperatures atthat time of year often reached into the 90swith relative humidity hovering in the upper80s to low 90s. The steel temperatureapproached 57°C (135°F) during the earlyafternoon.

After surveying the steel and examining thesamples that were removed the previous dayby their inspector, considerable effort was ex-erted by the author in a futile attempt to ex-plain to the Quality Control Manager whywater-based acrylics can take two or threeweeks to cure when the humidity is high. TheQC Manager was informed that the coatingwould eventually cure and would most likelypass the Adhesion-by-Tape Test (ASTM D3359) with an acceptable adhesion rating ifthey just waited another two to three weeksbefore performing the test again.

Initially the QC Manager would not acceptthe explanation about how coalescenceworked. Like many people who have not takenCIP Session I, he did not understand curingmechanisms. He expressed his opinion that thepaint was as dry as it was ever going to get.However he finally agreed to wait two weeksbefore retesting the steel, confident that hewould be proven right. In two weeks, whenthe test was redone, to his surprise, all thecoating passed with a 5A rating—“No peelingor removal.”

This true story illustrates a good lesson forall of us as inspectors. If you are working onprojects with water-based products, in condi-tions of high-humidity, and you are requiredto perform adhesion tests shortly after the paintis applied, alert the owner and or specifier tothe potential problem and encourage them towait to conduct the test. Obviously the besttime to do this is at the pre-job conference.

Look for Part 2 coming in theSummer issue of InspectThis! ■

mer months. This causes the upper layer ofthe paint film to dry rapidly even though a sig-nificant amount of moisture remains in thecoating.

Perhaps a practical, real-life example bestdemonstrates the unique challenge of perform-ing ASTM D 3359 tests on water-based acryliccoatings in climates where the two H’s,—highrelative humidity and high surface tempera-ture, are present. Several years ago, an irateclient called the author to investigate a reportedcoating failure. The information provided overthe phone indicated that the water-basedacrylic, applied three days previous, peeled offin sheets when their inspector performed theadhesion test (ASTM D 3359) as required bythe specification. The inspector rated it as a

ASTM D 3359 Test Method A Cut

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This listing DOES NOT include some meet-ings such as administrative committeemeetings. See www.nace.org to add them toyour schedule.

Sunday, 3/28/04■ Coatings, Pipelines, and OQ Tutorial (ad-ditional fee required), 8:00 a.m. to 2:00 p.m.■ The Evolution of Elastomeric Coatings for Useon Concrete and Steel, Including Comparisonsof Poyurethane, Polyurea, and Polysulfide BasedTechnology Seminar, 1:00 to 3:00 p.m.

Technical Committee Meetings■ Aboveground Techniques for the Evaluationof Underground Pipeline Coating Condition(TG 294), 9:00 a.m. to noon.■ Design Considerations for Corrosion Con-trol of Reinforcing Steel in Concrete (TG 290),1:00 to 2:30 p.m.■ Corrosion Control of Ductile and Cast IronPipe (TG 014), 1:00 to 5:00 p.m.

Monday, 3/29/04■ Coating Application: Make it Stick Seminar,1:00 to 5:30 p.m.

Symposia■ Pipeline and Immersion Coating Solutionsto World Wide Corrosion Problems (STG 03)This symposium consists of technical paperson coatings failure analysis and the relation-ship of blast cleaning to coating longevity. 9:00a.m. to noon.■ Corrosion in the Pulp and Paper Industry(STG 38) This symposium consists of techni-cal papers on case histories, solutions andresearch into materials issues, and corrosionproblems in the pulp and paper industry. 9:00a.m. to 4:30 p.m.■ AC Corrosion Mechanisms and Control (STG35) This symposium consists of technical pa-pers on AC corrosion-related issues, includ-ing laboratory and field-based studies on ACcorrosion mechanism(s) and modeling, AC

■ Offshore Coating Technology (STG 02)Jointly sponsored by STG 03, Protective Coat-ings and Linings—Immersion/Buried Thissymposium consists of technical papers onstate-of-the-art offshore coating technologiesin the following areas for the oil and gas in-dustry: offshore atmospheric coatings,splashzone coatings, ballast water-tank coat-ings, exterior submerged coatings, anti-foul-ing coatings, fire-retardant coatings, surface-tolerant coatings, low-temperature-cured coat-ings, damp-surface-cured coatings, fastenercoatings, offshore coating testing technologies,thermal-spray aluminum coating, high-temperature subsea pipeline coatings, new sur-face preparation technologies, and undercoatinspection technologies. 9:00 a.m. to 5:30 p.m.■ Maintaining Building Systems Integrity (STG46) This symposium consists of technical pa-pers on the maintenance and protection ofbuilding systems through state-of-the-art cor-rosion control methods. 1:00 to 5:00 p.m.

Technical Committee Meetings■ Advanced Materials for High-Temperature Ser-vice in the CPI (TEG 123X), 9:00 to 10:00 a.m.■ Inspecting Coatings and Linings in Tank TruckInteriors (TG 069), 9:00 to 10:00 a.m.■ Marine Vessel Corrosion (TEG 181X) [44],9:00 a.m. to 5:30 p.m.■ Protecting Tank Truck Trailer Interiors fromCorrosion with Coatings and Linings (TG 068),10:00 to 11:00 a.m.■ Corrosion Protection and Control Program forRailcars (TG 063), 11:00 a.m. to noon.■ Elastomers and Other Nonmetallics for OilfieldSealing Service (TG 086), 1:00 to 3:00 p.m.■ Surface Decontamination Procedures for UsedRailcar and Tank Trailer Interiors (TG 271), 3:00to 4:00 p.m.■ Oil and Gas Production—Nonmetallics andWear Coatings (Metallic) (STG 33), 3:30 to5:30 p.m.■ Interior Protection of Railcars Hauling Sul-fur (TG 067), 4:00 to 5:00 p.m.

Tuesday, 3/30/04■ Coating Under Insulation Panel Discus-

CORROSION/2004 COATINGS TRACKNew Orleans, LA • March 28-April 1, 2004

Special coatings tutorials areshown in boxes

6corrosion monitoring, mitigation,and control, and case histories. 9:00a.m. to 4:30 p.m.

SOLD OUT

sion— Sponsored by the Coating Society ofHouston, 10:00 to 11:30 a.m.■ How to Avoid or Reduce Premature Coat-ing Failures Tutorial, 1:30 to 4:30 p.m.■ Coating New Construction Offshore MarineStructures: From Design Concepts to CoatingApplication Field Trip (additional fee required),1:30 to 4:30 p.m.

Symposia■ Offshore Coating Technology (STG 02) Thissymposium consists of technical papers onstate-of-the-art offshore coating technologiesin the following areas for the oil and gas in-dustry: offshore atmospheric coatings,splashzone coatings, ballast water-tank coat-ings, exterior submerged coatings, anti-foul-ing coatings, fire-retardant coatings, surface-tolerant coatings, low-temperature-cured coat-ings, damp-surface-cured coatings, fastenercoatings, offshore coating testing technologies,thermal-spray aluminum coating, high-temperature subsea pipeline coatings, new sur-face preparation technologies, and undercoatinspection technologies. Continued 8:00 a.m.to 6:00 p.m.■ Pipeline Integrity (STG 35) This sympo-sium consists of technical papers on tools andmethods applied in the pipeline industry thathave an impact on the integrity of pipelines.8:00 a.m. to 6:00 p.m.■ Advances and Novel Applications of RustPreventives and Vapor Corrosion Inhibitors forInterim (Temporary) Corrosion Protection(TEG 145X) [43] Jointly sponsored by TEG093X on Volatile Corroison Inhibitors (VCIs)This symposium focuses on applications (dur-ing and in-between metal working fabricationand storage), formulations, testing, andspecification of products for interim protec-tion. 1:00 to 5:30 p.m.

Technical Committee Meetings■ Discussion of Coating-Related Issues in theRail Industry (TEG 291X), 8:00 to 11:30 a.m.■ Marine Corrosion and Transportation (STG44) The meeting will include an informal jointworkshop with ASTM Subcommittee G01.09on Corrosion in Natural Waters. There will be

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informal presentations on topics ranging fromrecent test developments, new test methodsand procedures, to the need for new standardsand modifications on existing standards. 8:00to 11:30 a.m.■ Pulping Liquor Corrosion (TEG 131X), 1:00to 3:00 p.m.■ Land Transportation (STG 43), 1:00 to 4:00p.m.■ Flue Gas Desulfurization (FGD) Welding Tech-niques (TG 129), 1:00 to 5:30 p.m.■ Surface Preparation of Metals to WJ-1(Clean to Bare Substrate) by High-PressureWaterjetting (TG 275), Surface Preparation ofMetals to WJ-2 (Very Thorough or SubstantialCleaning) by High-Pressure Waterjetting (TG276), Surface Preparation of Metals to WJ-3(Thorough Cleaning) by High-PressureWaterjetting (TG 277), Surface Preparation ofMetals to WJ-4 (Light Cleaning) by High-Pres-sure Waterjetting (TG 278),1:00 to 3:00 p.m.■ Close-Interval Potential Surveys on Buried orSubmerged Metallic Pipelines (TG 279), 3:30 to5:30 p.m.

Wednesday, 3/31/04■ Polyurea 101 Tutorial, 8:00 to 9:30 a.m.■ Concrete, Crack, and Containment—AGuide for Coating Secondary Containment Tu-torial, 9:30 to 11:30 a.m.

Symposia■ Pipeline Integrity (STG 35) This sympo-sium consists of technical papers on tools andmethods applied in the pipeline industry thathave an impact on the integrity of pipelines.Continued 8:00 a.m. to 6:00 p.m.■ Thermal Spray—Getting It on So It Will Stay,Providing Corrosion Protection (TEG 255X)This symposium consists of technical paperson surface preparation, application, automa-tion, and materials for thermal spray applica-tion for corrosion prevention. 8:00 a.m. to3:00 p.m.■ Marine Corrosion (STG 44) This sympo-sium consists of technical papers on marinecorrosion problems, traditional and innova-tive solutions, novel applications, protectionmethods, and research in natural vs. syntheticmarine environments. 8:00 a.m. to 5:30 p.m.

Technical Committee Meetings■ Application and Inspection of Polyurea In-

ternal Linings for Water Tanks (TG 139), 8:00to 9:00 a.m.■ Review of NACE Standard RP0375-99, “WaxCoating Systems for Underground Piping Sys-tems” (TG 296), 9:00 to 10:00 a.m.■ Control of External Corrosion on OffshoreSteel Pipelines (TG 169), 10:00 to 11:30 a.m.■ Recommended Practice for Materials andRepair Methods for Piping, Tanks, and Con-crete in Pulp and Paper Mill Effluent Treat-ment Systems (TG 221), 10:00 to 11:30 a.m.■ Review of NACE Standard RP0178-2003,“Fabrication Details, Surface Finish Require-ments, and Proper Design Considerations forTanks and Vessels to Be Lined for ImmersionService” (TG 295), 10:30 to 11:30 a.m.■ Liquid Coatings for External Repair, Reha-bilitations, and Weld Joints on Pipelines (TG247), 1:00 to 3:00 p.m.■ Standard Test Methods for Offshore BallastWater Tank Coatings / Standard Test Methodsfor Offshore Exterior Submerged Coatings (TG263)/(TG 264), 1:00 to 3:00 p.m.■ Nonvisible Contaminants, Identifying Spe-cific Levels (TG 288), 1:00 to 3:00 p.m.■ Review of NACE Standard RP0176-2003,“Corrosion Control of Steel Fixed Offshore Plat-forms Associated with Petroleum Production”(TG 170), 1:00 to 3:00 p.m.■ Standard Test Methods for Offshore Plat-form Maintenance Coatings (Nonimmersion)(TG 260), 3:00 to 5:00 p.m.■ Protective Coatings and Linings—Immer-sion/Buried (STG 03), 3:30 to 6:00 p.m.■ Protective Coatings and Linings—SurfacePreparation (STG 04), 3:30 to 5:30 p.m.■ Process Industry—Pulp and Paper (STG38), 3:30 to 5:30 p.m.

10,000 StudentsIn November of 2003, CIP officially hit the

10,000 mark. Mr. James Cleveland (NorfolkNaval Shipyard, Portsmouth, VA) was the tenthousandth student to register for CIP Ses-sion I. James attended Session I, November30, 2004 in Houston, TX. He received a CIPwallet card with his name embossed on itand the number 10,000!!!

Thursday, 4/1/04■ CYA—Covering Your Assets/Coating Surveys

—Foundation for Assest Protection Semi-nar, 9:00 to 11:30 a.m.

Symposia■ Marine Corrosion (STG 44) This symposiumconsists of technical papers on marine corrosionproblems, traditional and innovative solutions,novel applications, protection methods, and re-search in natural vs. synthetic marine environ-ments. Continued 8:00 a.m. to 5:30 p.m.■ Direct Assessment (STG 35) This symposiumconsists of technical papers on SCC, internal andexternal direct assessment process, along withthe understanding of these practices used by in-dustry. 8:00 a.m. to 5:30 p.m.■ Thermoplastic Liners for Oilfield Pipelines(TEG 225X) This symposium consists of techni-cal papers on the use of design and materials ofliners for oilfield pipelines as well as performanceof systems in the field and laboratory researchon liners. 8:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m.

Technical Committee Meetings■ Thermal-Spray Coatings for Corrosion Protec-tion (TEG 255X), 8:00 to 9:45 a.m.■ Nonmetallic Materials of Construction (STG10), 8:00 to 11:30 a.m.■ Thermal-Spray Coatings (TG 146), 10:00 to11:00 a.m.■ Aging Systems and Condition-Based Mainte-nance (TEG 178X), 10:00 to 11:45 a.m.Concrete and Rebar (STG 01),10:00 to 11:00 a.m.■ Building Systems (STG 46), 1:00 to 4:00 p.m.■ Pipelines, Tanks, and Well Casings (STG 35),3:30 to 5:00 p.m.

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Attendees MUST register for this FREE event. See www.nace.org for more information and a downloadable registration form.

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Wanna Work? Head to the Islands, Man!For an area of only 5,200 km2 and 1.2

million people, the Republic of Trinidadand Tobago is a powerhouse when it comes tothe petrochemical market...and that is a big plusfor NACE coating inspectors.

The NACE Coating Inspector Program inTrinidad is offered through a company calledTrinidad Inspection Services (TIS), ofMarabella. With recent news of the continued,impressive growth of the Trinidad/Tobago in-dustrial base— in December it was an-nounced that a consortium of energycompanies has begun a $1.3 billion expansionof a liquefied natural gas facility in Trinidadand Tobago—InspectThis! asked TIS’Rameshwair Rampersad if he has seen a grow-ing number of requests for coating inspectors?“Certainly !!!,” he replied.

“It was only a couple of years ago, before theNACE training was offered here, companies were

vague about how they asked for aninspector— they just asked for a‘paint inspector,’” he said. At that timethe number of NACE Inspectors couldhave been counted on one hand.“Now, there are almost 70 people withNACE CIP recognition in Trinidad andTobago, giving customers the confi-dence to demand a “NACE CoatingInspector” since some companies arenot prepared to accept less becauseNACE quality standards are well known.”

Ramesh added that he has seen, first hand,specifications from companies change with theavailability of NACE-trained inspectors resultingin greater quality requirements being demandedby both local and foreign entities.

Ramesh emphasized that “the growth inTrinidad helps NACE coating inspectors all overthe world,” since most of the large companies

and contractors that work in the Trinidad andTobago petrochemical arena are international,and their internal specifications carry over intoother regions and countries.

Way to go, Trinidad and Tobago...and NACEalso sends a huge round of applause to TrinidadInspection Services for its outstanding success inbuilding a quality cadre of coating inspectors onthe islands! ■

10

In a previous MP article on Type II constantpressure probe gauges1 (Figures 1 and 2), the

author describes the use of shims (foils) on blast-profiled steel for calibration adjustment of coat-ing thickness gauges. A followup letter to theeditor2 described some disadvantages to the useof this method. A statistical approach using thetwo-point calibration method on blasted profiles,however, gives good agreement with the correc-tion method described. Because the peak-to-val-ley height of the blast profile will vary across thesteel surface, a statistical approach to determinetypical areas and values is beneficial as indicatedin the description of the base-metal reading de-termination.

EN ISO 198403 was drafted by the EuropeanCommittee for Standardization (CEN)/TechnicalCommittee (TC)/39, “Paints and Varnishes”/Working Group 2. It describes the correction-value (or smooth-surface) calibration adjustmentmethod for measuring dry-film thickness onrough surfaces. The method uses a correctionvalue in the range of 10 to 40 µm, determined byreference to the blast profile as indicated by ISO8503.4 This method was chosen by CEN/TC/39/Working Group 2 as it is the simplest method inpractice. It was shown that, with a number of dif-ferent gauges in the hands of a number of opera-tors, the method can facilitate good agreementbetween the gauges and the operators.

It is important to note, however, that once theprofiled steel has been coated it is not possible todetermine the profile height. The ISO standardtherefore uses a correction value of 25 µm as thedefault value when the precise nature of the pro-file is unknown. It also gives an acceptable agree-ment with the two-point calibration adjustmentmethod when a sample of steel blasted to the sameprofile is used for the two-point calibration ad-justment.

Annex C of the EN ISO 19840 method describesthe two-point, or “rough-surface,” calibrationadjustment method. Some national test methodsfor coating thickness use the two-point technique

Determining the Base-Metal Readingfor a Type II Constant Pressure Probe GaugeJohn F. Fletcher, Elcometer Instruments, Ltd.

with a thickness value less than the thickness ofthe coating to be measured. A thicker foil is usedto set the upper calibration adjustment point, ef-fectively reducing the spread of reading valuesobtained on the blasted surface. The nature ofthe relationship between the coating thicknessgauge probe response and the thickness is suchthat the most rapid change in probe responseoccurs at zero and decreases with increasedthickness. Therefore, using a foil reduces the re-sponse of the gauge to the changes from point topoint on the profile.

Research findings indicate that a gauge usershould first determine the average of 10 to 15readings on the foil on the profiled surface. Then,the user should adjust the gauge on an area thatrepresents this average value so that the gaugereads the foil value correctly. The gauge read-ings, on average, will agree with the values ob-tained using the correction-value method.

For the reasons given above, there are con-cerns about the base-metal reading method. Thegauges are at their most sensitive response at orabout zero. Determining the effect of the roughsurface at or around the thickness to be mea-sured is less likely to produce error. When thesteel is coated, the gauge cannot be set to theprofile; this also applies to the determination ofthe base-metal reading.

Gauges based on magnetic principals also areinfluenced by the magnetic properties of the steel(see ISO 28085). National Institute of Standardsand Technology plates are fabricated on steelplates that are not typical of steel used in the struc-tural engineering field. The magnetic propertiesof these steel plates lead to a calibration adjust-ment error that can be significant in terms of thetarget overall accuracy of the measurement; theerror may be ±5% of the reading.

If coated standards are to be used, epoxy-coated steel substrates are preferred; they arefabricated using a typical mild steel and are mea-sured using a before-and-after coating method.The thickness of these coatings can be determinedto a traceable accuracy of ±2%. Having this levelof accuracy improves one’s ability to determinethickness values on profiled substrates to an ac-

curacy of ±5%, using gauges that are capable of±3% and foils or coated thickness standards withan accuracy of ±2%.

The specifier should describe the measurementmethod so that disputes can be averted. The ISO19840 method, which recognizes the limitationsof measuring thin coatings on a profile height ofthe same order as the thickness of the coating, ismeant to achieve this very goal.

References1. B. Hanks, “Measuring the Dry Film Thickness of Coatings Using

Type II Constant Pressure Probe Gauges,” MP 42, 4 (2003): p.32.

2. R. Francis, “MP Forum,” MP 42, 7 (2003): p. 9.3. EN ISO 19840, “Corrosion Protection of Steel Structures by Pro-

tective Paint Systems” (Geneva, Switzerland: ISO).4. ISO 8503, “Preparation of Steel Substrates Before Application

of Paint and Related Products” (Geneva, Switzerland, ISO).5. ISO 2808, “Paints and Varnishes—Determination of Film Thick-

ness” (Geneva, Switzerland, ISO).

John F. Fletcher is the Technical Support Manager atElcometer Instruments, Ltd., Edge Lane, ManchesterM43 6BU, U.K. He has been with the company for morethan 21 years. As a member of CEN/TC139/SC1 Work-ing Group 2, he helped develop a method for testingand reporting coating thickness. Fletcher is a memberof the Institute of Corrosion and a branch committeemember and member of the Council for the Instituteof Corrosion. He also supports BSI coatings work. ■

FIGURE 1: A Type II gauge with a full selection ofprobes, including constant pressure probes. Photocourtesy of Elcometer Instruments, Ltd.

FIGURE 2: A Type II coating thickness gauge in use ona painted structural steel component. Photo courtesyof Elcometer Instruments, Ltd.

(e.g., the Swedish National Standard)with EN ISO 19840. One determinesthe lower calibration point using a foil

Reprinted from the Jan. 2004 issueof Materials Performance

11

CIP Schedule through June 2004CIP Session IFeb 22-27, 2004 ....................... Calgary, AB .................... 04I44125Feb 29-Mar 5, 2004 ................. Montreal, QC ................... 04I44126Feb 29-Mar 5, 2004 ................... Vallejo, CA ..................... 04I44127Mar 7-12, 2004 ......................... Norfolk, VA .................... 04I44128

Mar 20-25, 2004 ........................ Al-Khobar ..................... 04I44136Mar 21-26, 2004 ................... New Orleans, LA................. 04I44120Apr 18-23, 2004 .......................Houston, TX .................... 04I44122Apr 26-May 1, 2004 ......................... Fiji ........................... 04I44131Apr 29-May 4, 2004 ................... Yokosuka...................... 04I44146May 3-8, 2004 ............................... Bogota ........................ 04I44153May 6-11, 2004 .......................... Yokohama ..................... 04I44148May 17-22, 2004 ....................... Cuernavaca .................... 04I44159May 23-28, 2004 ...................... St. Louis, MO ................... 04I44129Jun 6-11, 2004 ..........................Houston, TX .................... 04I44123Jun 13-18, 2004 ........................ Ventura, CA .................... 04I44130Jun 19-24, 2004 ....................... Oman—TBA ................... 04I44137

CIP Session IIFeb 29-Mar 5, 2004 .................. Calgary, AB .................... 04I44229Mar 7-12, 2004 ........................ Montreal, QC ................... 04I44226Mar 7-12, 2004 .......................... Vallejo, CA ..................... 04I44227Mar 7-12, 2004 ......................... Norfolk, VA .................... 04I44228Mar 21-26, 2004 ................... New Orleans, LA................. 04I44220Apr 25-30, 2004 .......................Houston, TX .................... 04I44222May 8-14, 2004 ............................ Genova........................ 04I44219

May 24-29, 2004 ....................... Cuernavaca .................... 04I44259Jun 13-18, 2004 ........................ Ventura, CA .................... 04I44230Jun 13-18, 2004 ........................Houston, TX .................... 04I44223

CIP Session IIIFeb 23-27, 2004 ........................ Singapore ..................... 04I44332Feb 29-Mar 4, 2004 .............. Philadelphia, PA................. 04I44340Mar 7-11, 2004 ......................... Calgary, AB .................... 04I44325Mar 7-11, 2004 ......................... Norfolk, VA .................... 04I44328Mar 14-18, 2004 ........................ Vallejo, CA ..................... 04I44327Mar 21-25, 2004 ................... New Orleans, LA................. 04I44320Apr 5-9, 2004 ............................ Marabella ..................... 04I44383May 2-6, 2004 ...........................Houston, TX .................... 04I44322Jun 6-10, 2004 ........................... Rotterdam ..................... 04I44318Jun 13-17, 2004 ........................ Ventura, CA .................... 04I44330Jun 20-24, 2004 ........................Houston, TX .................... 04I44323

CIP Peer ReviewFeb 28-Mar 1, 2004 ................... Singapore ..................... 04I44432Mar 4-6, 2004 ....................... Philadelphia, PA................. 04I44440Mar 11-13, 2004 ....................... Calgary, AB .................... 04I44425Mar 11-13, 2004 ....................... Norfolk, VA .................... 04I44428Mar 18-20, 2004 ........................ Vallejo, CA ..................... 04I44427Mar 25-27, 2004 ................... New Orleans, LA................. 04I44420May 6-8, 2004 ...........................Houston, TX .................... 04I44422Jun 17-19, 2004 ........................ Ventura, CA .................... 04I44430Jun 24-26, 2004 ........................Houston, TX .................... 04I44423

12

COATINGS RESOURCES—TECHNICAL COMMITTEESGet in on the Ground LevelHelp Develop the Standards That Affect Your Industry

Whether you want to help shape the change in the coatings industry or just gain abetter understanding of the standards that affect you on a daily basis, participating

in NACE technical committees is your best resource for the latest technology in the coat-ings industry. If you are a NACE member and would like to join a committee, contact AnnMiller at—Phone: 281/228-6264 or E-mail: ann.miller@mail.nace.org.

If you are a NACE member, you may participate in Technical Committee Activities. Thereare three basic types of committees that you can join:

• Specific Technology Groups (STGs)These are groups of technical committees organized under a specific scope of activity.They either sponsor or administer a number of Task Groups (TGs) and TechnologyExchange Groups (TEGs).

• Task Groups (TGs)These are small committees formed by one or more STGs to produce specific docu-ments as assigned. The work for each TG generally culminates in a technical commit-tee publication.

• Technology Exchange Group (TEGs)These are committees that are formed by STGs to conduct symposium and/or technicalinformation exchanges (TIEs). TEGs do not generate technical committee publica-tions.

The following is a list of NACE Technical Committees that deal specifically with the pro-tective coatings and linings industry.

SPECIFIC TECHNOLOGY GROUP (STG) 02PROTECTIVE COATINGS AND LININGS—ATMOSPHERICScope: Determine uses, application, andperformance of coatings for atmosphericservice. Atmospheric service denotes industrialand commercial equipment, architecturalstructures, and bridges.

TECHNOLOGY EXCHANGE GROUP(TEG) 145XADVANCES AND NOVEL APPLICATIONS OFRUST PREVENTIVES AND VAPORCORROSION INHIBITORS FOR INTERIM(TEMPORARY) CORROSION PROTECTIONAssignment: To conduct a symposium based onthe recently revised NACE Standard RP0487.

TASK GROUP (TG) 146THERMAL-SPRAY COATINGSAssignment: To prepare state-of-the-art reportsand recommended practices, and developtraining, testing, and other programs to promotethe awareness and proper use of thermally

sprayed metals, plastics, ceramics,etc.

TG 148COATINGS AND METHODS OF PROTECTIONFOR THREADED FASTENERS USED WITHNEW STRUCTURAL STEEL, PIPING, ANDEQUIPMENTAssignment: To develop a state-of-the-art reporton effective coatings and methods for corrosioncontrol of these connections.

TEG 192XCOATING INDUSTRY PROBLEMSCONFRONTING OWNERS ANDCONTRACTORSAssignment: To provide a format for handlingproblems and issues that affect the owner andcontractor utilizing coatings. Problems andissues may include hazardous waste, volatileorganic compounds, applicator training, federaland state regulations, and others that maydevelop.

TEG 229XCORROSION ASSOCIATED WITH FRETTINGBETWEEN PIPING AND PIPE SUPPORTSAssignment: Determining extent of andmitigation of corrosion damage associated withcoating failures and/or pipe wall thickness

reduction due to abrasion from relativemovement between pipe and pipe supports.

TEG 255XTHERMAL-SPRAY COATINGS FORCORROSION PROTECTIONAssignment: Exchange of information regardingTSCs used for corrosion protection.

TG 258SELECTION OF COATINGS FOR CONCRETEIN ATMOSPHERIC AND NONIMMERSIONSERVICEAssignment: To write a standard recommendedpractice on the selection of coatings for concretein atmospheric and nonimmersion service.

TG 260STANDARD TEST METHODS FOROFFSHORE PLATFORM MAINTENANCECOATINGS (NONIMMERSION)Assignment: To write test methods that utilizeeffective and economical hardware and testspecimens. Test methods will include (1)prohesion/UV exposure, (2) salt contaminationresistance, (3) edge retention, (4) thermalcycling resistance, (5) wet adhesion, (6)wormhole wettability, (7) impact resistance, and(8) abrasion resistance. They cover the coatingsystems for offshore platform structural steel—splash zone, anti-skid, above the water areas.

TG 261STANDARD ON RUST PREVENTIVES ANDVAPOR CORROSION INHIBITORS FORINTERIM (TEMPORARY) CORROSIONPROTECTIONAssignment: To write a standard on rustpreventives and vapor corrosion inhibitors forinterim (temporary) corrosion protection.

TEG 311XCOATINGS AND METHODS OF PROTECTIONFOR THREADED FASTENERS USED WITHSTRUCTURAL STEEL, PIPING, ANDEQUIPMENTAssignment: Share information concerning, anddiscuss effective methods for, corrosion controlof fasteners used with structural, piping, andequipment connections.

TG 312OFFSHORE PLATFORM COATINGS FORATMOSPHERIC AND SPLASH ZONE NEWCONSTRUCTIONAssignment: To develop standard test methodsfor new construction coatings. The test methodsare similar to, but not identical with, those formaintenance coatings.

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COATINGS RESOURCES—TECHNICAL COMMITTEESTG 313OFFSHORE PLATFORMS: COATINGS FORCORROSION CONTROL OF STEELAssignment: To write a standard addressingcorrosion control of steel offshore platforms byprotective coatings. Sections on protectivecoatings in NACE Standard RP0176 will then beremoved.

STG 03PROTECTIVE COATINGS AND LININGS—IMMERSION/BURIEDScope: Determine effectiveness, performancecriteria, and quality needs of immersion coatingsand lining materials used in immersion service.

TEG 033XPIPELINE REHABILITATION COATINGSAssignment: To discuss the technologies ofunderground pipeline coatings used for pipelinerehabilitation.

TG 034GOUGE TEST FOR EXTERNAL PIPELINECOATINGSAssignment: To write a test method and criteriafor evaluation of gouge resistance of a particularcoating.

TG 037THERMOPLASTIC LINERS FOR OILFIELDPIPELINESAssignment: To write a recommended practicefor thermoplastic liners.

TG 139APPLICATION AND INSPECTION OFPOLYUREA INTERNAL LININGS FOR WATERTANKSAssignment: To develop a recommendedpractice for the application and inspection ofpolyurea internal linings for water tanks.

TEG 225XTHERMOPLASTIC LINERS FOR OILFIELDPIPELINESAssignment: To provide a forum for participantsto discuss liner operation experience andresearch activities.

TG 247LIQUID COATINGS FOR EXTERNAL REPAIR,REHABILITATIONS, AND WELD JOINTS ONPIPELINESAssignment: To develop a recommendedpractice for minimum specifications for liquidcoatings and their application, inspection, andtesting for use in the field.

TG 251TAPE COATINGS FOR EXTERNAL REPAIR,REHABILITATIONS, AND WELD JOINTS ONPIPELINESAssignment: To develop a recommendedpractice for minimum specifications for tapecoatings and their application, inspection, andtesting for use in the field.

TG 263STANDARD TEST METHODS FOROFFSHORE BALLAST WATER TANKCOATINGSAssignment: To develop a new test standard foroffshore ballast water tank coatings. The newtest standard will utilize effective and economicalhardware and test procedures. These include(1) free-film water absorption/desorption, (2)wet adhesion, (3) edge retention, (4) flexibility,(5) condensation resistance, (6) thick-filmcracking resistance, (7) cathodic disbondment,and (8) salt-fog resistance. The methods covercoating systems for offshore ballast water tankcoatings for both new construction andmaintenance purposes.

TG 264STANDARD TEST METHODS FOROFFSHORE EXTERIOR SUBMERGEDCOATINGSAssignment: To develop a new test standard foroffshore exterior submerged coatings. The newtest standard will utilize effective and economicalhardware and test procedures. These include(1) free-film water absorption/desorption, (2)wet adhesion, (3) edge retention, (4) flexibility,(5) cathodic disbondment, (6) impactresistance, and (7) salt-fog resistance. Themethods cover the coating systems for offshoreplatform submerged coatings in newconstruction only.

TG 265REVIEW OF NACE STANDARD RP0185-96,“EXTRUDED POLYOLEFIN RESIN COATINGSYSTEMS WITH SOFT ADHESIVES FORUNDERGROUND OR SUBMERGED PIPE”Assignment: Review and revise as necessaryNACE Standard RP0185-96, “Extruded PolyolefinResin Coating Systems with Soft Adhesives forUnderground or Submerged Pipe.”

TG 281POLYURETHANE COATINGS FOR FIELDREPAIR, REHABILITATION, AND GIRTHWELD JOINTS ON PIPELINESAssignment: To develop a recommendedpractice for a minimal specification for the fieldapplication, repair, and testing for a

polyurethane coating to be used on the exteriorof buried pipelines.

TG 296REVIEW OF NACE STANDARD RP0375-99,“WAX COATING SYSTEMS FORUNDERGROUND PIPING SYSTEMS”Assignment: Review and revise as necessaryNACE Standard RP0375-99, “Wax CoatingSystems for Underground Piping Systems.”

TG 298REVIEW OF NACE STANDARD RP0399,“PLANT-APPLIED, EXTERNAL COAL-TARENAMEL PIPE COATING SYSTEMS:APPLICATION, PERFORMANCE, ANDQUALITY CONTROL”Assignment: To review NACE Standard RP0399and determine whether the standard should bereaffirmed or revised.

TEG 303XTHIN-FILM ORGANIC LININGS FORPROCESS VESSELSAssignment: Informal presentations concerninguse, performance, durability, application, andinspection of thin-film linings to preventcorrosion or protect product quality by liningsapplied to process vessels.

STG 04PROTECTIVE COATINGS AND LININGS—SURFACE PREPARATIONScope: Determine effectiveness, performancecriteria, and quality needs of various methods ofsurface preparation for the application ofcoatings and linings.

TG 007PRECLEANINGAssignment: To revise and update SSPC-SP 1(“Solvent Cleaning”) into a joint standard.

TG 008SPECIALTY MEDIA ABRASIVESAssignment: To prepare a technical committeereport on the use of specialty media abrasivesfor cleaning and/or surface preparation.

TEG 064XRAILCAR SURFACE PREPARATIONAssignment: To keep abreast of industrychanges and techniques and report findingsannually.

TG 142SURFACE PREPARATION OFCONTAMINATED STEEL SURFACESAssignment: To review and update

14

COATINGS RESOURCES—TECHNICAL COMMITTEESNACE Publication 6G186, “Surface Preparationof Contaminated Steel Surfaces.”

TG 259EVALUATING NONVISIBLE SOLUBLE SALTCONTAMINANTS ON COATED ANDUNCOATED METALLIC SURFACESIMMEDIATELY PRIOR TO COATINGAPPLICATIONAssignment: Prepare a technical committeereport on evaluating nonvisible soluble salts onsteel and other nonporous surfaces prior tocoating application.

TG 275SURFACE PREPARATION OF METALS TO WJ-1 (CLEAN TO BARE SUBSTRATE) BY HIGH-PRESSURE WATERJETTINGAssignment: Develop a standard recommendedpractice for surface preparation of metals to WJ-1 by high-pressure waterjetting. This standardwill be based on information provided in NACENo. 5/SSPC-SP 12, “Surface Preparation andCleaning of Metals by Waterjetting Prior toRecoating.”

TG 276SURFACE PREPARATION OF METALS TO WJ-2 (VERY THOROUGH OR SUBSTANTIALCLEANING) BY HIGH-PRESSUREWATERJETTINGAssignment: Develop a standard recommendedpractice for surface preparation of metals to WJ-2 by high-pressure waterjetting. This standardwill be based on information provided in NACENo. 5/SSPC-SP 12, “Surface Preparation andCleaning of Metals by Waterjetting Prior toRecoating.”

TG 277SURFACE PREPARATION OF METALS TO WJ-3 (THOROUGH CLEANING) BY HIGH-PRESSURE WATERJETTINGAssignment: Develop a standard recommendedpractice for surface preparation of metals to WJ-3 by high-pressure waterjetting. This standardwill be based on information provided in NACENo. 5/SSPC-SP 12, “Surface Preparation andCleaning of Metals by Waterjetting prior torecoating.”

TG 278SURFACE PREPARATION OF METALS TO WJ-4 (LIGHT CLEANING) BY HIGH-PRESSUREWATERJETTINGAssignment: Develop a standard recommended

practice for surface preparation ofmetals to WJ-4 by high-pressurewaterjetting. This standard will be

based on information provided in NACE No. 5/SSPC-SP 12, “Surface Preparation and Cleaningof Metals by Waterjetting Prior to Recoating.”

TG 288NONVISIBLE CONTAMINANTS,IDENTIFYING SPECIFIC LEVELSAssignment: Develop a standard to correctlyidentify various levels of nonvisiblecontaminants, primarily soluble salts to assistspecifiers in designating desired levels.

TG 295REVIEW OF NACE STANDARD RP0178-2003, “FABRICATION DETAILS, SURFACEFINISH REQUIREMENTS, AND PROPERDESIGN CONSIDERATIONS FOR TANKS ANDVESSELS TO BE LINED FOR IMMERSIONSERVICE”Assignment: Review of NACE Standard RP0178-2003, ìFabrication Details, Surface FinishRequirements, and Proper DesignConsiderations for Tanks and Vessels to Be Linedfor Immersion Service.î

STG 43LAND TRANSPORTATIONScope: To promote the development oftechniques to extend the life of landtransportation equipment.

TG 063CORROSION PROTECTION AND CONTROLPROGRAM FOR RAILCARSAssignment: Develop guidelines for railcarlining requalification.

TG 066THE APPLICATION OF SOLVENT-FREECOATING TO RAILCARS USING PLURAL-COMPONENT SPRAY EQUIPMENTAssignment: To prepare a state-of-the-art reporton the application of solvent-free coatings withplural-component spray equipment.

TG 067INTERIOR PROTECTION OF RAILCARSHAULING SULFURAssignment: To produce a report on state-of-the-art methods for protecting sulfur cars.

TG 068PROTECTING TANK TRUCK TRAILERINTERIORS FROM CORROSION WITHCOATINGS AND LININGSAssignment: To prepare a state-of-the-art reporton coatings and linings that are applied to theinterior surfaces of tank truck trailers for thepurpose of mitigating corrosion. This report will

include a description of the generic-typesystems, commodities transported, and lifeexpectancy of the systems.

TG 069INSPECTING COATINGS AND LININGS INTANK TRUCK INTERIORSAssignment: Prepare a state-of-the-art reportrelating to inspection requirements as providedin HM183. This report will include the criteriarequired to prevent damage of the appliedcoating and/or lining during the yearlyinspection and provide the necessary steps toensure a continual serviceable system.

TEG 180XAUTOMOTIVE CORROSIONAssignment: Discuss corrosion issues facing theground transportation (automotive) industry.

TEG 228XCOATINGS CORROSION PROTECTION ANDCONTROL PROGRAMAssignment: Exchange information on corrosionprotection and control program for railcarcoatings.

TG 271SURFACE DECONTAMINATIONPROCEDURES FOR USED RAILCAR ANDTANK TRAILER INTERIORSAssignment: To prepare a technical committeereport describing surface decontaminationprocedures for used railcars and tank trailersprior to coating application.

TEG 272XINFORMATION EXCHANGE ON TECHNICALADVANCES FOR LINING APPLICATION ANDSERVICEABILITY FOR MOLTEN SULFURTANK CARSAssignment: Information exchange ontechnological advances in lining application andservice standards for tank cars in molten sulfurtransportation.

TEG 291XDISCUSSION OF COATING-RELATED ISSUESIN THE RAIL INDUSTRYAssignment: Technical information exchange inconjunction with an STG meeting.

15

16

COATINGS RESOURCES—STANDARDS & REPORTSNACE International

Protective Coatings and LiningsDocuments

Atmospheric ServiceStandards

NACE Standard RP0281-98Method for Conducting Coating (Paint) PanelEvaluation Testing in Atmospheric Exposures,Item #21026

NACE Standard RP0487-2000Considerations in the Selection andEvaluation of Rust Preventives and VaporCorrosion Inhibitors for Interim (Temporary)Corrosion Protection, Item #21037

NACE Standard RP0297-97Maintenance Painting of Electrical SubstationApparatus Including Flow Coating ofTransformer Radiators, Item #21081

NACE No. 12/AWS C2.23M/SSPC-CS 23.00Specification for the Application of ThermalSpray Coatings (Metallizing) of Aluminum,Zinc, and Their Alloys and Composites for theCorrosion Protection of Steel (RP0203-2003),Item #21100

Atmospheric ServiceReports

NACE Publication 6H188 (1996 Edition)Coatings over Nonabrasive Cleaned SteelSurfaces, Item #24129

NACE Publication 6H192Conversion Coatings, Item #24131

NACE Publication 6H194Combatting Adhesion Problems when ApplyingNew to Existing Finish Coats of Paint, Item#24180

NACE Publication 80200/SSPC-TR 4Preparation of Protective CoatingSpecifications for Atmospheric Service, Item#24209

NACE Publication 02203/ICRI TechnicalGuideline 03741/SSPC-SP 5Design, Installation, and Maintenance ofProtective Polymer Flooring Systems forConcrete, Item #24220

Immersion/Buried ServiceStandards

NACE Standard RP0274-98High-Voltage Electrical Inspection of PipelineCoatings Prior to Installation, Item #21010

NACE Standard RP0375-99Wax Coating Systems for Underground PipingSystems, Item #21013

NACE Standard RP0185-96Extruded Polyolefin Resin Coating Systemswith Soft Adhesives for Underground orSubmerged Pipe, Item #21029

NACE Standard RP0188-99Discontinuity (Holiday) Testing of NewProtective Coatings on Conductive Substrates,Item #21038

NACE Standard RP0490-2001Holiday Detection of Fusion-Bonded EpoxyExternal Pipeline Coatings of 250 to 760 µm(10 to 30 mils), Item # 21045

NACE Standard RP0892-2001Linings Over Concrete for Immersion Service,Item #21060

NACE Standard RP0394-2002Application, Performance, and QualityControl of Plant-Applied, Fusion-BondedEpoxy External Pipe Coating, Item #21064

NACE Standard RP0298-98Sheet Rubber Linings for Abrasion andCorrosion Service, Item #21085

NACE Standard RP0399-99Plant-Applied, External Coal Tar Enamel PipeCoating Systems: Application, Performance,and Quality Control, Item #21089

NACE No. 10/ SSPC-PA 6Fiberglass-Reinforced Plastic (FRP) LiningsApplied to Bottoms of Carbon SteelAboveground Storage Tanks (RP0202-2002),Item #21093

NACE Standard RP0402-2002Field-Applied Fusion-Bonded Epoxy (FBE)Pipe Coating Systems for Girth Weld Joints:Application, Performance, and QualityControl, Item #21096

NACE Standard RP0602-2002Field-Applied Coal Tar Enamel Pipe CoatingSystems: Application, Performance, andQuality Control, Item #21098

NACE No. 11/SSPC-PA 8Thin-Film Organic Linings Applied in NewCarbon Steel Process Vessels (RP0103-2003),Item #21099

NACE Standard RP0303-2003Field-Applied Heat-Shrinkable Sleeves forPipelines: Application, Performance, andQuality Control, Item #21101

NACE Standard TM0174-2002Laboratory Methods for the Evaluation ofProtective Coatings and Lining Materials inImmersion Service, Item #21206

NACE Standard TM0102-2002Measurement of Protective Coating ElectricalConductance on Underground Pipelines, Item#21241

Immersion/Buried ServiceReports

NACE Publication 10D194State-of-the-Art Report on Rockshielding, Item#24184

NACE Publication 10D199Coatings for the Repair and Rehabilitation ofthe External Coatings of Buried SteelPipelines, Item #24201

NACE Publication 6A100Coatings Used in Conjunction with CathodicProtection, Item #24207

NACE Publication 6A194Surface Preparation Overview for ElectrolessNickel Coatings, Item #24175

NACE Publication 6A195Introduction to Thick-Film Polyurethanes,Item #24186

NACE Publication 02103Liquid-Applied Coatings for High-Temperature Atmospheric Service,Item #24219

17

COATINGS RESOURCES—STANDARDS & REPORTSNACE Publication 6A198Introduction to Thick-Film Polyurethanes,Polyureas, and Blends, Item #24197

NACE Publication 6A287 (1997 Edition)Electroless Nickel Coatings, Item #24089

NACE Publication 6A294Quality Evaluation of Electroless NickelCoatings, Item #24176

Surface PreparationStandards

NACE Standard RP0178-2003Fabrication Details, Surface FinishRequirements, and Proper DesignConsiderations for Tanks and Vessels to beLined for Immersion Service, Item #21022

NACE Standard RP0287-2002Field Measurement of Surface Profile ofAbrasive Blast Cleaned Steel Surfaces Using aReplica Tape, Item #21035

NACE No. 1/SSPC-SP 5White Metal Blast Cleaning (RP0494-2000),Item #21065

NACE No. 2/SSPC-SP 10Near-White Metal Blast Cleaning (RP0594-2000), Item #21066

NACE No. 3/SSPC-SP 6Commercial Blast Cleaning (RP0694-2000),Item #21067

NACE No. 4/SSPC-SP 7Brush-Off Blast Cleaning (RP0794-2000), Item#21068

NACE No. 5/SSPC-SP 12Surface Preparation and Cleaning of Metals byWaterjetting Prior to Recoating (RP0595-2002), Item #21076

NACE No. 6/SSPC-SP 13Surface Preparation of Concrete (RP0397-2003), Item #21082

NACE No. 8/SSPC-SP 14Industrial Blast Cleaning (RP0299-99), Item#21088

Surface PreparationReports

NACE Publication 6A192/SSPC-TR 3 (2000Edition)Dehumidification and Temperature ControlDuring Surface Preparation, Application, andCuring for Coatings/Linings of Steel Tanks,Vessels, and Other Enclosed Spaces, Item#24083

NACE Publication 6G194/SSPC-TR 1Thermal Precleaning, Item #24183

NACE Publication 6G197/SSPC-TU 2Design, Installation, and Maintenance ofCoating Systems for Concrete Used inSecondary Containment, Item #24193

NACE Publication 6G198/SSPC-TR 2Wet Abrasive Blast Cleaning, Item #24199

Land TransportationStandards

NACE Standard RP0386-2003Application of a Coating System to InteriorSurfaces of Covered Steel Hopper Rail Cars inPlastic, Food, and Chemical Service, Item#21033

NACE Standard RP0592-2001Application of a Coating System to InteriorSurfaces of New and Used Rail Tank Cars inConcentrated (90 to 98%) Sulfuric AcidService, Item #21057

NACE Standard RP0692-2003Application of a Coating System to ExteriorSurfaces of Steel Rail Cars, Item #21058

NACE Standard RP0295-2003Application of a Coating System to InteriorSurfaces of New and Used Rail Tank Cars, Item#21070

NACE Standard RP0495-2003Guidelines for Qualifying Personnel asAbrasive Blasters and Coating and LiningApplicators in the Rail Industries, Item #21072

NACE Standard RP0398-98Recommendations for Training andQualifying Personnel as Coating Inspectors inthe Railcar Industry, Item #21086

NACE Standard RP0302-2002Selection and Application of a Coating Systemto Interior Surfaces of New and Used Rail TankCars in Molten Sulfur Service, Item #21095

Land TransportationReports

NACE Publication 14C196The Application of Solvent-Free EpoxyCoatings to Railcars Using Plural-ComponentSpray Equipment, Item #24188

NACE Publication 14C296Protective Coatings for Mitigating CorrosionUnder Insulation on Rail Tank Cars, Item#24191

NACE Publication 14D194Resource Materials and Services for MaterialsSelection and Corrosion Control in the CargoTank Industry, Item #24181

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What a Difference a Year MakesMy name is Harold Chattergoon. I’m 43

years old and I live on the island ofTrinidad located in the Caribbean and thisis what NACE has done for me. I got into thecoatings industry back in June of 1982. Istarted off as a laborer with a coatings com-pany and then moved to the following posi-tions: brush painter, roller painter, sandblaster, spray painter, mitt and trowelpainter, foreman, supervisor then quality

control inspector. I worked for this company for 19 years. My salarywas very small because I was not certified, but was only qualified byexperience. I am very grateful to NACE at this time for their decision tocome to a small island to offer this type of education and certification.When CIP Session 1 was offered I paid for it from my own pocket, sincethe company refused to assist with payment. Then CIP Session II cameand I again paid from my pocket. By this time I got a job with BechtelInt. on the Atlantic LNG trains 2 & 3 project Trinidad. Bechtel then paidfor Session III and Peer Review, and now I’m a NACE-Certified CoatingsInspector. My salary went up by 200% and things are really looking upfor me. Once again I am extremely grateful to NACE.

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Introducing CIP Short Course for BridgesA 1-day specialty course for thosecurrently in the CIP Program

See page 2 for details.