sql reminder
DESCRIPTION
sqlTRANSCRIPT
Baze podataka – službeni podsjetnik verzija 6.0 1/5
table
view
synonym
alias
1.9. Table Reference
AS
INNER
Table Reference
LEFT
RIGHT
FULL
OUTER
JOIN Condition ON
1.11. Join Options
1.9 1.13
Table Reference Join Options
CROSS JOIN Table Reference
1.10. ANSI Joined Tables
1.9 1.11
1.9
ORDER BY
,
ASC
DESC
Expression
display_label
1.8. ORDER BY Clause
1.16
HAVING Condition
1.7. HAVING Clause 1.13
GROUP BY
,
Column Name
1.6. GROUP BY Clause
1.14WHERE Condition
1.5. WHERE Clause 1.13
FROM Table Reference
,
1.4. FROM Clause
1.9
ANSI Joined Tables 1.10
Expression
AS display_label
table.
view.
synonym.
*
( subquery )
alias.
1.3 SELECT List
1.16
,
SELECT List
DISTINCT
ALL
FIRST max
1.2. Projection Clause
1.3
Projection Clause FROM Clause
WHERE Clause GROUP BY Clause HAVING Clause
1.1. SELECT Options 1.2 1.4
1.5 1.6 1.7
SELECT Select Options
SELECT Select Options UNION
ALL
ORDER BY Clause
1. SELECT Statement 1.1
1.1 1.8
Baze podataka – službeni podsjetnik verzija 6.0 2/5
VALUES ( )
,
constant
NULL
2.1. VALUES Clause
INSERT INTO table
synonym
view ( column )
, VALUES Clause
SELECT Statement (subset)
2. INSERT Statement
1
2.1
CASE WHEN Condition THEN END
ELSE
CASE WHEN THEN
ELSE
END
1.19. Conditional Expression
1.13
Expression Expression Expression
Expression
Expression
Expression 1.16
1.16
1.16 1.16 1.16
1.16
binary operator
-
+
Column Name
Conditional Expresion
constant
aggregate expression
function expression
NULL
Expression ( )
1.16. Expression
1.16
1.14
1.19
Expression
NOT IN ( constant )
, 1.17. IN Condition
1.16
Expression
EXISTS
NOT ( subquery )
Relational Operator
IN
( subquery )
Expression
ALL
ANY
SOME
( subquery )
1.18. Condition with Subquery 1.16
1.16 1.12
table.
alias.
view.
synonym.
column
1.14. Column Name
Expression Relational Operator Expression
Expression BETWEEN NOT
Expression AND Expression
IN Condition
Column Name IS NULL NOT
quoted string
Column Name NOT
LIKE quoted string
Column Name
ESCAPE 'char'
1.15. Comparison Condition 1.16 1.16
1.16 1.16 1.16
1.12
1.17
1.14
1.14 1.14
Comparison Condition
NOT Condition with Subquery
AND
OR
Condition ( )
1.13. Condition
1.15
1.18
1.13
<
< =
>
=
< >
1.12. Relational Operator
>=
Baze podataka – službeni podsjetnik verzija 6.0 3/5
UNIQUE
PRIMARY KEY
References Clause
Check Clause
,
column
FOREIGN KEY
,
column
) (
( )
constraint CONSTRAINT
5.5. Multiple-Column Constraint
5.6
5.7
NOT NULL
NOT NULL constraint CONSTRAINT
Check Clause
5.4. Single-Column Constraint
UNIQUE
PRIMARY KEY
References Clause
CONSTRAINT constraint
5.6
5.7
constant DEFAULT
5.3. Default Clause column
Single-Column Constraint
Data Type
Default Clause Type
5.2. Column Definition
5.3 5.4
,
Column Definition ( )
,
Multiple-Column Constraint
Column Definition
,
5.1. Table Definition
5.2
5.5
5.2
CREATE TABLE Table Definition table
5. CREATE TABLE Statement 5.1
DELETE FROM table
synonym
view
WHERE Clause
4. DELETE Statement
1.5
SET =
,
column Expression
( singleton_select )
column (
,
= ) ( ) Expression
( singleton_select )
,
3.1. SET Clause
1.16
1.16
UPDATE table
synonym
view
WHERE Clause
SET Clause
3. UPDATE Statement 3.1
1.5
Baze podataka – službeni podsjetnik verzija 6.0 4/5
ABS (num_expression) num_expression – izraz numeričkog tipa MOD (dividend, divisor) dividend (djeljenik) – izraz numeričkog tipa divisor (djelitelj) – izraz numeričkog tipa ROUND (expression[, rounding_factor]) expression – izraz numeričkog tipa rounding_factor – izraz cjelobrojnog tipa SUBSTRING (source_string FROM start_position [FOR length]) source_string – izraz tipa niza znakova start_position – izraz cjelobrojnog tipa length(duljina) – izraz cjelobrojnog tipa UPPER (expression) LOWER (expression) expression – izraz tipa niza znakova TRIM(expression) expression – izraz tipa niza znakova CHAR_LENGTH(expression) OCTET_LENGTH(expression) expression – izraz tipa niza znakova USER TODAY MDY(month, day, year) month – izraz cjelobrojnog tipa day – izraz cjelobrojnog tipa year – izraz cjelobrojnog tipa DAY(date_expression) MONTH(date_expression) YEAR(date_expression) WEEKDAY(date_expression) date _expression – izraz tipa DATE
CREATE UNIQUE
index ON table
synonym
,
column ) ( ASC
DESC
7. CREATE INDEX Statement
INDEX
CREATE VIEW view
SELECT Statement (subset)
,
column ) (
AS
WITH CHECK OPTION
6. CREATE VIEW Statement
1
CHECK ( ) Condition
5.7. Check Clause 1.13
REFERENCES table ,
column ( ) ON DELETE CASCADE
5.6. References Clause
Za B+-stablo reda n vrijedi korijen: min. broj kazaljki na podređene čvorove: 2 maks. broj kazaljki na podređene čvorove: n ostali interni čvorovi: min. broj kazaljki na podređene čvorove: n/2 maks. broj kazaljki na podređene čvorove: n listovi: min. broj kazaljki na zapise u blokovima s podacima: (n-1)/2 maks. broj kazaljki na zapise u blokovima s podacima: n-1
GRANT dbPrivilege TO { PUBLIC | userList } REVOKE dbPrivilege FROM { PUBLIC | userList } GRANT tablePrivilegeList ON { tableName | viewName } TO { PUBLIC | userList | roleList } [ WITH GRANT OPTION ] REVOKE tablePrivilegeList ON { tableName | viewName } FROM { PUBLIC | userList | roleList } [ CASCADE | RESTRICT ] CREATE ROLE roleName DROP ROLE roleName GRANT roleName TO { PUBLIC | userList } REVOKE roleName FROM { PUBLIC | userList } SET ROLE { roleName | NONE } CREATE PRIVATE SYNONYM userName.synonym FOR { tableName | viewName } DROP SYNONYM synonym
ALTER TABLE table
synonym
8. ALTER TABLE Statement
Multiple-Column Constraint 5.5
ADD CONSTRAINT
Baze podataka – službeni podsjetnik verzija 6.0 5/5 Podsjetnik na SPL sintaksu Podsjetnik na sintaksu naredbe za kreiranje okidača
CREATE { PROCEDURE | FUNCTION } naziv (arg tip, arg LIKE rel.atr, ...) RETURNING tip AS ime, tip AS ime, ...
DEFINE var tip; DEFINE var LIKE rel.atr;
LET var = var + var; LET var = (SELECT atr FROM rel WHERE ...); LET var = fun(...);
CALL fun(...) RETURNING var, var, ...;
EXECUTE PROCEDURE proc(...);
SELECT atr, atr, ... INTO var, var, ... FROM rel WHERE ...;
RAISE EXCEPTION -746, 0, 'Tekst s opisom pogreške ';
IF uvjet THEN naredbe; ELIF uvjet THEN naredbe; ... ELSE naredbe; END IF;
WHILE uvjet naredbe; ... EXIT WHILE; CONTINUE WHILE; END WHILE;
FOR i = m TO n STEP k naredbe; ... EXIT FOR; CONTINUE FOR; END FOR;
RETURN var, var, ...;
END { PROCEDURE | FUNCTION };
EXECUTE PROCEDURE naziv (arg, arg, ...);
EXECUTE FUNCTION naziv (arg, arg, ...);
DROP { PROCEDURE | FUNCTION } naziv;
CREATE TRIGGER naziv
{ INSERT ON rel |
UPDATE OF atr, atr, ... ON rel |
UPDATE ON rel |
DELETE ON rel }
REFERENCING NEW AS noviRedak OLD AS stariRedak
FOR EACH ROW
WHEN (uvjet)
(INSERT ..., UPDATE ..., DELETE ..., EXECUTE PR OCEDURE ...);
DROP TRIGGER naziv;