srijan tripathi(220kv gss) ppt
TRANSCRIPT
UTTAR PRADESH POWER C0RPORATION LTD.
SRIJAN TRIPATHISRIJAN TRIPATHIEN- 4EN- 4thth YEAR YEAR
2014-2015(10 June 2014 to 10 July 2014)
SUBMITTED BY: SRIJAN TRIPATHI11EAYEE049B. Tech. IV Yr., VII Sem.
CONTENTSubstationMain equipment at substationTransformerLightning ArrestorsCurrent Voltage TransformerWavetrapCT & PTIsolatorCircuit BreakerBus Bar
Substation An Electrical Substation is a subsidiary station of an
electricity Generation , Transmission And Distribution System where voltage is transformed high to low or reverse using transformer.
Examples of Substation:- 400kV/220kV substation 220kV/132kV substation 132kV/33kV substation 33kV/11kV substation 33kV/.4kV substation
ABOUT 220KV SUBSTATION CANTTINCOMING LINES220 KV REWAROAD LINE 220 KV FATEHPURLINE OUTGOING LINES132 KV REWAROAD LINE 132 KV MANURI LINE
220kV Substation It is devided into two(2) parts:-
A. Panel SectionA. Control Panel SectionB. Relay and Protection Panel Section
B. Switch YardA. 220kV SectionB. 132kV sectionC. 33kV section
C. Battery Room (Extra)
TRANSFORMERSAlso known as the heart of substations. These are used to reduce the voltages at appropriate levels
CURRENT VOLTAGE TRANSFORMERSIt is a used in power systems to step downextra high voltage signals and provide a low voltage signal, for measurement or to operate a protective relay
WAVETRAPTraps the high frequency signals
ISOLATORSUsed for maintenance of the
circuit in no load condition
CIRCUIT BREAKER used to protect the
eqiupment by opening the circuit for over current and
over voltages
LIGHTINING ARRESTERUsed for protecting the equipment from surge
voltages
MAIN EQUIPMENTS AT ALLAHABAD CANTT SUBSTATION 220KV
TRANSFORMERSTRANSFORMERS
POWER TRANSFORMERSTransformer is a static machine, which transforms the potential of alternating current at same frequency. It means the transformer transforms the low voltage into high voltage & high voltage to low voltage at same frequency. It works on the principle of mutual inductance.When the energy is transformed to a higher voltage, the transformer is called step up transformer and then it is transmitted at lower voltage it is called step down transformer.There are 3 transformers in the substation:160MVA, 220/132 KV (2nos.)100 MVA TRANSFORMER(1)
Power Transformer feedingPower Transformer feeding
160 MVA transformers are manufactured by ADITYA and by TRM. These are the power transformers and , there efficiency is high. Primary side is star connected while secondary is delta connected. There are seventeen tapping in it. Every transformer has OLTC to change the tap for controlling voltage.
TYPES OF COOLING:AIR NATURAL COOLINGAIR BLAST COOLINGOIL NATURAL COOLINGOIL BLAST COOLING etc.
LIGHTNING ARRESTER
DEFINATION A lightning arrester is a device used on electrical power systems to protect the insulation on the system from the damaging effect of lightning.
L.A CIRCUIT DIAGRAM
1.Rod arrester2.Horn gap arrester3.Multi gap arrester4.Expulsion type lightning arrester5.Valve type lightning arrester6. Silicon Carbide Arrestors7. Metal Oxide ArrestorsAt MURAD NAGAR substation we use ZINC OXIDE ARRESTOR GAPLESS
ALSO KNOWN AS SURGE ARRESTERUSED IN THE POWER SYSTEMS TO PROTECT FROM LIGHTNINGWHEN SUURGE TRAVELS ALONG THE LINE , THE ARRESTOR DIVERTS IT TO THE EARTH
CAPACITOR VOLTAGE TRANSFORMER
A capacitor voltage transformer (CVT), or capacitance coupled voltage transformer (CCVT) is a transformer used in power systems to step down extra high voltage signals and provide a low voltage signal, for measurement or to operate a protective relay.In its most basic form the device consists of three parts: two capacitors across which the transmission line signal is split, an inductive element to tune the device to the line frequency, and a transformer to isolate and further step down the voltage for the instrumentation or protective relay.
CURRENT VOLTAGE TRANSFORMER
CVTs are typically single-phase devices used for measuring voltages in excess of one hundred kilovolts where the use of wound primary voltage transformers would be uneconomical. In practice, capacitor C1 is often constructed as a stack of smaller capacitors connected in series. This provides a large voltage drop across C1 and a relatively small voltage drop across C2.
WAVE TRAPWAVE TRAP
Reliable & fast communication is necessary for safe efficient & economical power supply . To reduce the power failure in extent & time, to maintain the interconnected grid system in optimum working condition to coordinate the operation of various generating unit communication network is indispensable for state electricity board.
Current transformer Reduced high voltage in a
fixed voltage and measurements purpose also
Potential transformer
Measurement of electric currents and protective relays
ISOLATORISOLATOR
Isolator
Used to ensure that an electrical circuit is completely de-energised for service or maintenance. Such switches are often found in electrical distribution and industrial applications, where machinery must have its source of driving power removed for adjustment or repair. High-voltage isolation switches are used in electrical substations to allow isolation of apparatus such as circuit breakers, transformers, and transmission lines, for maintenance. The disconnector is usually not intended for normal control of the circuit, but only for safety isolation. Disconnector can be operated either manually or automatically (motorized disconnector)
STEPS OF OPERATION OF ISOLATORSTEPS OF OPERATION OF ISOLATOR
SEQUENCE OF STEPS FOR ATTENDING
MAINTENANCE:
1.Open CB on no load or full load
2.Open the isolator on no load
3.Close the earth switch
SEQUENCE OF STEPS FOR KEPT IN SERVICE
1.Open the earth switch
2.Close the isolator
3.Close the CB
CIRCUIT BREAKERCIRCUIT BREAKER
A circuit breaker is equipment, which can
open or close a circuit under normal as well as
fault condition. These circuit breaker breaks
for a fault which can damage other instrument
in the station. It is so designed that it can be
operated manually (or by remote control)
under normal conditions and automatically
under fault condition. Whenever a fault
occurs trip coil gets energized, the moving
contacts are pulled by some mechanism &
therefore the circuit is opened or circuit
breaks.
Sulpar hexafluoride circuit breaker (SF6) Sulphar hexa fluoride (SF6) gas is used as the arc quenching medium . The SF6 is an electronegative gas and has a strong tendency to absorb free electrons. Circuit breakers have been developed for voltage 115KV to 230KV , power rating10 MVA
Vacuum circuit breakers Vacuum circuit breakers are circuit breakers which are used to protect medium and high voltage circuits from dangerous electrical situations
Air-blast circuit breakerFast operations ,suitability for repeated operation , auto reclosure , unit type multi break constructions ,simple assembly , modest maintenance are some of the main features of air blast circuit breakers. A compressors plant necessary to maintain high air pressure in the air receiver.
Oil circuit breakerA high-voltage circuit
breaker in which the arc is drawn in oil to dissipate the heat and extinguish the arc; the intense heat of the arc decomposes the oil .
DIFFERENT CIRCUIT BREAKERS
CIRCUIT BREAKERCIRCUIT BREAKER2OIL CIRCUIT BREAKERS2OIL CIRCUIT BREAKERS
Oil circuit breaker
Air-blast circuit breaker
Sulpar hexafluoride circuit breaker (SF6)Vacuum circuit breakers
Bus-barsBus Bars are the common electrical component through
which a large no of feeders operating at same voltage have to be connected.
Carry electrical supply
THANKS