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LIBRO DE RESÚMENES
Auspiciado por:
Fundación MarViva
9 Noviembre 2015 – 13 Noviembre 2015
68ava
Reunión Anual Gulf and Caribbean Fisheries Institute Ciudad Panamá, Panamá
ii *Estudiente
GCFI desea expresar agradecimiento a los
patrocinadores de la 68ava
Conferencia Anual
TIBURON MARTILLO
FLORIDA FISH AND WILDLIFE CONSERVATION COMMISSION
FISH AND WILDLIFE RESEARCH INSTITUTE
MARVIVA
NATIONAL OCEANIC AND ATMOSPHERIC
ADMINISTRATION NATIONAL OCEAN SERVICE
NATIONAL MARINE FISHERIES SERVICE
FOOD AND AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION OF THE UNITED
NATIONS
CARIBBEAN MARINE PROTECTED AREAS MANAGERS
NETWORK AND FORUM
UNITED NATIONS ENVIRONMENT PROGRAMME CARIBBEAN ENVIRONMENT PROGRAMME
BIOPAMA PROGRAMME IUCN REGIONAL OFFICE FOR
MEXICO, CENTRAL AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN
CARIBBEAN LARGE MARINE ECOSYSTEM PROJECT
MARALLIANCE
NATIONAL SEA GRANT COLLEGE PROGRAM
SHELL
CORVINA
THE GOVERNMENT OF BERMUDA
INTERNATIONAL GAMEFISH ASSOCIATION
ALCALDÍA DE PANAMÁ
ARAP
AUTORIDAD DE TURISMO
ANCHOVETA
THE UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN MISSISSIPPI
INTERNATIONAL GAMEFISH ASSOCIATION
LGL
FUNDACIÓN ALBATROS
SEA GRANT COLLEGE PROGRAMS OF FLORIDA, PUERTO RICO AND
THE GULF OF MEXICO
CARIBBEAN MARINE PROTECTED AREAS NETWORK AND FORUM
UMIP
FLORIDA STATE UNIVERSITY
REEF
iv *Estudiente
SMITHSONIAN TROPICAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE
ACP
PATRONATO PANAMÁ VIEJO
OPEN BLUE
MINESTERIO DE AMBIENTE
FUNDACIÓN NATURA
FUNAPESCA
ANDALAIPP
PESQUEROS
DELL COMPUTERS
SOCIETY OF FRIENDS OF THE WEST INDIAN MUSEUM OF PANAMA
PROGRAMA 68TH REUNIÓN ANNUAL GULF AND CARIBBEAN FISHERIES INSTITUTE
Panama City - Panama 9-13 NOVIEMBRE 2015
Sabado y Domingo, Noviembre 7 y 8
Actividades antes de la reunión
Sabado
8:00-17:00 Séptima reunión del Grupo Asesor Científico (SAG), de la Comisión de Pesca para el Atlántico
Centro-Occidental (COPACO)
Domingo
8:00-17:00 Séptima reunión del Grupo Asesor Científico (SAG), de la Comisión de Pesca para el
Atlántico Centro-Occidental (COPACO)
14:00 Reunión de la Junta Directiva del GCFI
19:30 Reunión social de estudiantes (estudiantes certificados y miembros del Cuerpo Directivo del GCFI; terraza del restaurante Arts)
Lunes, Noviembre 9
CEREMONIA DE APERTURA
Jefe del Programa: Alejandro Acosta, GCFI
INVITADOS ILUSTRES
Palabras de Apertura
8:00 - 8:50 Emilio Sempris Viceministro Ministerio de Ambiente
MSc. Ivan Flóres Administrador General de la Autoridad de los Recursos Acuáticos de Panamá
José I. Blandón Alcalde de la Ciudad de Panamá
2 *Estudiente
Dr. Jorge A. Jiménez
Director General Fundación MarViva
Graciela García-Moliner
¨Presidente del Cuerpo de Directores del GCFI
Conferencia Magistral
9:00 John Odgen Cincuenta años de cambio en los ecosistemas costeros del Gran Caribe y el Pacífico Oriental Tropical - con la mirada puesta en el futuro
Periodo de preguntas y comentarios
Leroy Creswell GCFI, Secretario Ejecutivo; Toque de campana
10:00 Receso de café
SESIONES TÉCNICAS
Sesión de Ordenamiento Espacial Marino. Moderador: Jorge A.Jiménez
(Auspiciado por Fundacion MarViva)
10:30-10:42 Jimenez, Jorge Ordenamiento Espacial Marino en países Centroamericanos: Enfoque conceptual y metodológico
10:42-10:54 Howard, Marion Retos para la implementación del Manejo Espacial Marino regional: el caso del AMP Seaflower, Archipiélago de San Andrés
10:54-11:06 Musco, Francesco
La Planificación del Espacio Marítimo: Implementando las directrices Europeas (2014/89/Eu) sobre Ordenamiento Espacial Marino en la region Adriatico-Jonica
11:06-11:18 Johnson, Ayana El proyecto del Halo azul para la zonificación del océano
11:18-11:30 Walker, Brian Organización de los arrecifes coralinos de La Florida: Ayudando a La Florida suroriental a tomar recomendaciones basadas en la ciencia
11:30-11:42 Guzmán, Héctor M.
Ordenamiento espacial del tráfico marítimo regional y reducción potencial de las colisiones con cetáceos en el Pacifico Oriental
11:42-11:57 *Mateos-Molina, Daniel
Marxan como herramienta clave para apoyar el plan de manejo del nuevo corredor marino del noreste de Puerto Rico
11:57-12:09 Ramos Alvarez, Antares
Esquema de manejo para el corredor marino del noreste de Puerto Rico: un enfoque integrativo
12:09-12:24 *Knowles, Lindy Mapeo de hábitats marinos en Barbados: Desarrollo de un sistema de clasificación de hábitat, y aplicación de la teledetección y la verificación de campo sobre el terreno mediante video-estudios
12:24-12:36 Pacheco Rovira, Lucas
Ordenamiento Espacial Marino: evaluación de cierres espacio-temporales a través del análisis del cociente entre las capturas incidentales y las capturas comerciales
12:36-14:00 Receso de Almuerzo
Sesión paralela:
Taller de NOAA: Evaluación del estado actual y exploración de la aplicación de métodos de evaluación poblacional con pocos datos en la región del Gran Caribe (30-50 participantes)
2nd Taller de Trabajo Regional de peces de pico: gestion y conservacion dentro del plano del
grupo de trabajo de pesca recreacional de WECAFC/OSPESCA/CRFM/CFMC (por invitación)
SESIONES TÉCNICAS Socio-economia y gobernanza, Moderador: Patrick McConney (Auspiciado por
Fundacion Natura)
13:45-14:00 Hernández-Velasco, Arturo
Buzas de la isla Natividad: inspirando la conservación en la península de Baja California
14:00-14:15 Pompa Mansilla, Sandra
Las pescadoras de Teacapán, Sinaloa y su papel en la cadena productiva
14:15-14:30 Phillips, Todd Pargo rojo: éxito a través de una gobernanza firme en el Golfo de México de los Estados Unidos
14:30-14:45 Valbo Jørgensen, John
El conocimiento de los pescadores y el enfoque ecosistémico de la pesca
14:45-15:00 Perry, Ruth Asociaciones público-privadas para monitoreo ambiental en la costa afuera del Golfo de México
15:00-15:15 Manjarres Martinez, Luis
Integrando el conocimiento de los pescadores de pequeña escala y el conocimiento científico para propósito de manejo basado en tallas
15:15-15:30 *Molina Hernández, Ana Lilia
Caracterización espacial y línea base de la ictiofauna del nuevo refugio pesquero en Akumal, Quintana Roo
15:30-15:45 Ramirez, Silja Diseño participativo de refugios pesqueros como una herramienta de manejo y conectividad de ecosistemas y recursos marino costeros
15:45-16:00 Del Cid, Vicente Estándar de responsabilidad ambiental para la comercialización de pescado de mar: Herramienta para la gestión responsable de la demanda
16:00 Receso de café
GCFI Forum de Pescadores — Tema de la sesion: Financiamiento a pescadores – historias de éxito. Moderador: Will Heyman (Auspiciado por FAO y Shell)
16:30-16:40 Heyman, Will Introducción a lainiciativa de Pescador a Pescador (F4F), el Premio Gladding (GMA) y el tema de foro de los pescadores de 2015
16:40-16:50 Ruiz, Abel La Asociación de Pescadores Artesanales de Hicaco: un ejemplo de pesca y comercio sostenible en el Área de Recursos Manejados Humedal
4 *Estudiente
Golfo de Montijo
16:50-17:00 Naal Kumul, Magdiel
El papel de los pescadores en el monitoreo y conservación de los recursos marinos: el caso de Punta Allen, México
17:00-17:10 Machazeck, Martha
La Asociación de Pescadores Artesanales Unidos de Bocas del Toro: un grupo que evoluciona adaptándose a los cambios de una manera sostenible
17:10-17:20 George, Earl Financiamiento de la Asociación Nacional de Cooperativa de Pescadores en Dominica
17:20-17:30 Hickman, Scott La Asociación de Pescadores Fleteros: Trabajando hacia la sostenibilidad de las pesquerías en el Golfo de México
17:30-17:40 Gallardo, Neil Financiamiento de iniciativas de los pescadores en Colombia: el papel de asociaciones público-privadas
17:40-18:00 Lay, Mitchell De Pescador a Pescador y Premio Gladding 2015: Progreso y Planes
18:00 Cierre Clausura de la sesión
19:30 Coctel de Bienvenida y palabras de apertura de Robert Glazer, Director Ejecutivo del GCFI e Ivan Flores, Administrador General de la ARAP (Auspiciado por la Autoridad de los Recursos Acuáticos de Panamá)
Martes, Noviembre 10
Sesión Paralela:
2nd Taller de Trabajo Regional del peces de pico, gestion y conservacion dentro del plano del grupo de trabajo de pesca recreacional de WECAFC/OSPESCA/CRFM/CFMC (por invitación) (continuación)
Caribbean Large Marine Ecosystem (CLME) Meeting
Taller de NOAA: Evaluación del estado actual y exploración de la aplicación de métodos de evaluación poblacional con pocos datos en la región del Gran Caribe (30-50 participantes)
SESIONES TÉCNICAS
Ecosistema de la plataforma continental: Pesquerías demersales Moderador: Arthur Potts (Auspiciado por Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute)
8:00-8:15 *Burgos, Itzigueri
Biología reproductiva de la raya eléctrica Narcine entemedor, en la bahía de La Paz, B.C.S., México
8:15-8:25 Williams Michaels
Una encuesta de las pesquerías globales con un enfoque ecosistémico para la promoción del manejo costero integrado
8:25-8:40 *Garner, Steven B.
Una metodología basada en vehículos operados a distancia para la estimación directa de la selectividad del pargo rojo, Lutjanus campechanus por el palangre de fondo
8:40-8:50 Mudrak, Peter Uso del muestreo acústico para estimar las poblaciones del pargo rojo, Lutjanus campechanus, en el norte del Golfo de México
8:50-9:00 McKinzie, Megan
Estimaciones de fidelidad de sitio y residencia para el pejepuerco blanco, Balistes capriscus, utilizando telemetría alrededor de arrecifes artificiales en el norte del Golfo de México
9:00-9:15 *Jordan, Linda Comunidades de peces de arrecifes mesofóticos en los vestigios de dos bancos coralinos-algales al sur de Texas: “north hospital” y “hospital”
9:15-9:25 Hicks, David Censos de peces en arrecifes artificiales: conteos y categorías-logarítmicas resultan en diferentes estimaciones de diversidad
9:25-9:35 Giro Petersen, Ana
Evaluación y Reporte Participativo sobre la Salud y las Acciones de Manejo en el arrecife Mesoamericano
9:35-9:45 Beets, James Estructura comunitaria de peces en una pequeña isla del caribe muestra mejoras tras décadas de perturbación: resultados de un proyecto de monitoreo de 25 años
9:45-9:55 Albins, Mark Composición de la comunidad de los peces en los arrecifes artificiales del noreste del Golfo de México, antes y después del derrame de petróleo del Deepwater Horizon
10:00 Receso de café
10:15 Arrecifes y ecosistemas asociados: Pesquerías arrecifales y agregaciones de desove Moderador: Martin Russell, Co-Moderadora: Yvonne Sadovy Auspiciado por SCRFA)
10:15-10:25 Appeldoorn, Richard
Los patrones espacio-temporales en las agregaciones reproductivas del mero cabrilla, Epinephelus guttatus, de la costa oeste de Puerto Rico: Evidencia a partir del monitoreo de sonidos asociados al cortejo
10:25-10:40 *Sanchez, Phillip
Patrones acusticos de la agregación de desove del mero negro, Mycteroperca bonaci en Puerto Rico y el sur de La Florida
10:40-10:55 *Biggs, Christopher
Áreas funcionales de migración: Los pargos perro y cubera en las agregaciones reproductivas de las Islas Vírgenes de EE.UU
10:55-11:05 Russell, Martin
Agregaciones reproductivas de peces: Comparando el Océano Pacífico con el Golfo y el Caribe
10:05-11:15 Calosso, Marta
Evaluación de la explotación de las agregaciones reproductivas del mero Nassau (Epinephelus striatus) a través del conocimiento de los pescadores y el análisis de los desembarques
11:15-11:30 Donaldson, Terry
La diversidad en el comportamiento reproductivo de los peces loro en un sitio residente de agregación reproductiva
11:30-11:40 Vega, Angel Javier
Primer reporte de agregaciones de desove para los pargos seda (Lutjanus peru) y mancha (L. guttatus) (perciformes: Lutjanidae) en el Parque Nacional Coiba, Pacífico de Panamá
11:40-11:50 Burns Perez, Virginia
Seguimiento de una agregación reproductiva en Punto Noreste Atolón de Glover, a través de un enfoque participativo
11:50-12:00 McCoy, Croy Mismo sitio, muchas especies: Estudio de un año de un sitio de agregación reproductiva de peces en Little Caimán, Islas Caimán, y las corrientes oceánicas que preceden a la actividad reproductiva, incluyendo la noche de desove durante 40 días
6 *Estudiente
utilizando derivadores Lagranian.
12:00-12:10 Nemeth, Rick Descripción del desove y movimiento del pargo criollo (Lutjanus analis) en las islas Vírgenes de los EE.UU.
12:10-12:20 Caamal Madrigal, Jacobo Alejandro
La protección de sitios de agregaciones reproductivas de peces en México a través de la participación comunitaria
12:20-12:30 Sadovy, Yvonne
Restablecimiento de una agregacion reproductiva de tres especies de mero: lecciones y implicaciones para manejo y monitoreo
Sadovy, Yvonne Conclusiones
12:00-14:00 Receso de almuerzo
Presentación especial y discusión sobre el Observatorio del Caribe para las Áreas Protegidas y la Biodiversidad – Organizado por BIOPAMA (IUCN y EC-JRC)
12:30
Excursión de los Pescadores: Visitas a Puerto Caimito, famosa comunida pesquera, sede de la mayoría de la flota artisanal y industrial y lugar de nacimiento del jugador de grandes ligas Mariano Rivera (New York Yankees), hijo de un pescador (Auspiciado por FAO, ANDELAIPP y FUNAPESCA)
SESIONES TÉCNICAS
Simposio en los avances en la investigacion, manejo y conservacion de los tiburones y rayas del
Caribe. Moderadora: Rachel Graham (Auspiciado por MarAlliance)
13:45-14:15 Fowler, Sarah Conferencia Magistral
14:15-14:30 Rodríguez
Arriatti, Yehudi Caracterización de la pesca de tiburones en Panamá
14:30-14:45 Tavares, Rafael Áreas de cría de tiburones de las islas oceánicas tropicales y su importancia para la conservación de sus poblaciones
14:45-15:00 Driggers III, William
Comparación de los ensamblajes históricos y actuales, distribuciones y la abundancia relativa de tiburones en el Golfo de México y el Mar Caribe como se deduce del análisis de datos de captura palangrera
15:00-15:15 Graham, Rachel
Monitoreo estandarizado participativo de tiburones y rayas en países con arrecifes coralinos tropicales: Resultados y perspectivas
15:15-15:30 Haas, Andrea El valor y significado de los tiburones en Las Bahamas: Valoración económica de no-consumirlos como herramienta para conservar a los elasmobranquios
15:30-15:45 Pina Amargos, Fabian
Caracterización de la composición de tiburones en el archipiélago Jardines de la Reina y su vecino Golfo de Ana María, Cuba
15:45-16:00 Baremore, Ivy Pesquerías emergentes de las aguas profundas del arrecife Mesoamericano
16:00-16:15 Kessel, Steven Captura por Unidad de Esfuerzo del tiburon limón (Negaprion brevirostris) a lo largo de tres décadas de pesca de palangre en Bimini, Bahamas
16:15 Receso de café
Simposio en los Avances avances en la Investigacioninvestigacion, manejo y conservacion de los tiburones y rayas del Caribe. Moderadora: Rachel Graham (auspiciado Auspiciado por MarAlliance)
(Continuación)
16:30-16:45 Navia, Andres Felipe
Movimientos de Dasyatis americana en las isla de San Andres, Caribe Colombiano
16:45-17:00 * Jones, Elizabeth
Los recientes avances en cuanto al papel de los corticosteroides en la respuesta al estrés de elasmobranquios
17:00-17:15 Ali, Lauren Una evaluación biológica de la pesquería de tiburón en Trinidad y Tobago
17:15-17:30 Bond, Mark Funcion ecologica y la conservacion del único tiburon arrecifal del Atlantico, Carcharhinus perezi
17:30-17:45 Drinkwater, Eleanor
El desarrollo de un plan para la gestión de los tiburones en las Bermudas: Un método alternativo
17:45-18:00 Hoffmayer, Eric Evaluación a largo plazo de la conectividad de la población de tiburones ballena usando foto-identificación en el océano Atlántico Occidental
19:00-
21:00
Sesion de carteles (Con cócteles y aperitivos: Organizado por el GCFIy Auspiciado por
la Alcaldía de Panamá)
Los presentadores de los carteles identificados con números impares deben estar en disponibles entre las 19:00 y 20:00. Los de los carteles con números pares entre las 20:00 y las 21:00
Cordinadores de la sesión de carteles: Nancy Brown-Peterson, Mark Peterson
1 Rindone, Ryan Recolección de datos dependiente de la pesca: opciones para cada
gerente de pesca
2 Rivera-Hernández,
Jesús
Llenando vacíos de información críticos en la pesquería con poca
cantidad de datos: Información preliminar sobre la edad, el
crecimiento y la reproducción en el peje puerco reina
3 Sanz , Nicolas En la búsqueda de un modelo adecuado para las pesquerías
4 Kadison, Elizabeth Patrones de movimiento de mero tigre (Mycteroperca tigris) en sitios
de agregación de desove en las Islas Virgenes de los Estados Unidos y
Puerto Rico
5 Scharer-Umpierre,
Michelle
La variabilidad temporal en una concentración de desove de la cherna criolla
(Epinephelus striatus)
6 Chávez Hidalgo,
Alejandra
Caracterización de la comunidad del arrecife de Mahahual, México
7 Melancon, Ashley El rendimiento de una matriz de control acústico en un sistema
estuario de Louisiana
8 Aldana Aranda,
Dalila
Colonizacion de microalgas epibiontes en la fase larvas del molusco
gasterópodo Strombus gigas
8 *Estudiente
9 Lozano, German Modelamiento de las relaciones biométricas de las jaibas azul
(Callinectes sapidus) y jaiba roja (Callinectes bocourti) precedentes de
la pesquería artesanal en la zona noroccidental de la Ciénaga Grande
de Santa Marta, Caribe Colombiano
10 Lozano, German Identificación de las señales de premuda en la jaiba roja (Callinectes
bocourti, Milne, Eduarws, 1879)
11 Matos-Caraballo,
Daniel
Semblanza de la pesquería de carrucho (Lobatus gigas) en Puerto
Rico durante 1998-2013
12 Matos-Caraballo,
Daniel
Semblanza de la pesquería de langosta espinosa (Panulirus argus) en
Puerto Rico durante 1998-2013
13 Molina, Laura Algunas especies de pepinos de mar (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea)
de zonas rocosas intermareales del pacífico de Panamá
14 De La Cruz Abreu,
Francia
Evaluación de las poblaciones de holoturias en Bahía Las Calderas,
Peravia y Laguna Manglares de Puerto Viejo, Azua, República
Dominicana
15 Rodriguez Gil, Luis
Alfonso
La pesca del pepino de mar en Yucatan, Mexico y el análisis del
recurso desde su captura hasta su comercializacion en dos
cooperativas pesqueras
16 Hernández Perea.
Fred
Diversidad larval de gasterópodos en el Gran Caribe
17 Aranda Fragoso,
Adán
De la implementación de una zona de exclusión pesquera y
recomendaciones para una participación social efectiva
18 Belmont, Julie Lineamientos de monitoreo para el entendimiento a largo plazo del
estado y las tendencias de los arrecifes coralinos del Caribe
19 Belmont, Julie Mejora del monitoreo a largo plazo de arrecifes de coral en la región
del Gran Caribe: Logros iniciales del GCRMN-Caribe
20 Bervoets, Tadzio Uso de herramientas de valoración de los ecosistemas para
establecer áreas protegidas, promulgar la conservación de especies y
aplicar planes de manejo resilientes en pequeños estados insulares
en desarrollo
21 Gomez, Diana
Isabel
Áreas Marinas Protegidas en Colombia emblema de protección para
Arrecifes de coral
22 Marcos Camacho,
Sergio A.
Primera evaluación de la megafauna en el Caribe Mexicano:
Indicador clave de la recuperación de la biodiversidad en refugios
pesqueros
23 de la Guardia
Llansó, Elena
Aporte al conocimiento de las pesquerías de escama en el Parque
Nacional Cayos de San Felipe, Cuba
24 Ince, Danielle La ciencia en las zonas marinas protegidas, un enfoque al manejo de
la calidad de agua desde las crestas hasta los arrecifes
25 Perera Valderrama,
Susana
Evaluación del estado de los arrecifes de coral en dos áreas marinas
protegidas en el Caribe bajo diferentes regímenes de uso
26 Doyle, Emma Desde objetivos compartidos hacia el monitoreo conjunto y el
desarrollo de estrategias de manejo adaptativo para AMPs
biológicamente conectadas en Las Granadinas
27 *Garces, Yuliesky Distribución, abundancia y transporte larval de tres especies
endémicas de la familia Sciaenidae en el alto Golfo de California
28 *González, María
de los Ángeles
Variación espacio temporal de los desembarcos circuntropicales de
Trichiurus lepturus: Un estudio de caso en el Golfo de Salamanca,
Mar Caribe de Colombia
29 Duarte, Luis
Orlando
Caracterización de la dieta de Thunnus atlanticus en la Isla de San
Andrés, Mar Caribe de Colombia
30 Merten, Wessley Evaluación preliminar de la pesquería y dinámica de peces que
merodean un arreglo de dispositivo agregadores de peces
estacionarios (EAD) en San Juan, Puerto Rico
31 *Marrugo
Marmolejo,
Cristhian Eduardo
Tamaño óptimo de malla para la captura artesanal de cojinoa negra
Caranx crysos con redes de enmalle
32 Appeldoorn,
Richard
Haciendo frente a la realidad: tendencias a largo plazo en la captura y
composición de la pesca en Puerto Rico
33 Vega, Angle Javier Análisis biológico y pesquero de los pargos seda (L. peru), macha (L.
guttatus) y amarillo (L. argentiventris) en el Parque Nacional Coiba y
su zona de iInfluencia
34 Cabrera, Delmis Evaluación espacial y temporal de las asociaciones de peces
arrecifales en cuatro localidades de Cuba
35 *Rincón-Díaz,
Martha Patricia
Vacíos de información en los roles tróficos de peces arrecifales del
Caribe
36 *Rincón-Díaz,
Martha Patricia
Cambios espaciales de la diversidad funcional íctica en el Caribe
Estadounidese
37 Vergara-Chen,
Carlos
Pesquerías y biodiversidad marina en Panamá: Desafíos para la
sostenibilidad
38 *Martinez, Arled Conocimiento del comportamiento del pargo rayado (Lutjanus
synagris) como una herramienta para mejorar la selectividad de
nasas e implementar ventanas de escape para disminuir el by-catch y
la pesca fantasma
39 Arceo, Patricia Los peces más valiosos. Precio y nivel trófico en una pesquería
arrecifal
40 *Delgado R., Teófila
M.
Estructura comunitaria de peces arrecifales en el Parque Nacional
Coiba, Panamá
41 *Nóh-Quiñones, Patrón de distribución de los ovocitos en las gónadas de doncella de
10 *Estudiente
Virginia pluma Lachnolaimus maximus (Perciformes: Labridae)
42 Parkyn, Daryl No todos los peces arrecifales son iguales, cuando se trata de
sobrevivir a la liberación después de la captura
43 Mejia, Paola
Andrea
Composición de batoideos atrapados con redes de enmalle
artesanales en Bahia de La Paz, Baja California Sur, Mexico
44 Pabon-Aldana,
Karen
Observaciones biológicas preliminares de Rhinoptera steindachneri
Evermann & Jenkins, 1891 en la bahía de la Paz, Baja California Sur,
México
45 Guttridge, Tristan Presencia y uso del hábitat del pez sierra de dientes pequeños en
peligro crítico de extinción (Pristis pectinata) Latham, 1794 en Las
Bahamas
46 Bervoets, Tadzio El Proyecto de conservación de tiburones en el Caribe Holandes
47 Augustinus, Ana Ely Primer registro de Isistius plutodus para la costa Atlántica de
Honduras y el uso de la dentición en la identificación taxonómica de
tiburones
48 Cuervo , Carlos Cambio histórico en la estructura de tamaño y abundancia de peces
óseos demersales y elasmobranquios del Caribe Colombiano
49 Ramirez, Silja Tiburones y rayas del Caribe Guatemalteco
50 Figueredo Martín,
Tamara
Valor económico de los tiburones y rayas para el buceo
contemplativo en el Parque Nacional Jardines de La Reina, Cuba
51 Franke Ante,
Rebeca
Gestión regional orientada a la conservación de tiburones
52 Graham, Rachel Análisis dependiente e independiente de la pesca de tiburones
martillo en peligro de extinción en el arrecife Mesoamericano
53 Simpson, Nikola Tiburones de Barbados
54 Torres-Talamante,
Olmo
Estudio independiente de la pesca sobre los tiburones y las rayas en
Banco Chinchorro, México
55 Chapman Demian La huella global de la aleta
56 Lambert, Faith Las respuestas individuales al estrés en la raya del Atlántico
incluyendo los posibles efectos a largo plazo sobre la recuperación y
la aptitude
57 Sulikowski, James Variación estacional y de por vida en la ecología reproductiva de un
major depredador marino, el tiburón tigre (Galeocerdo cuvier), en un
sitio protegido para la agregación de hembras
58 Oceane, Beaufort Los diferentes métodos para mejorar el conocimiento sobre los
tiburones y las rayas en Las Antillas Francesas
59 Baremore, Ivy Análisis integrado de una larga serie de datos de telemetría acústica
revela información sobre el uso y la estructura comunitaria de los
tiburones asociados a arrecifes
60 Mejía-Falla, Paola A Tiburones y rayas de las ecoregiones marinas de Colombia: Un
monitoreo participativo para manejo y conservación
61 McConney, Patrick Acción colectiva desafiante
62 *Cecilio, Bryan La situación actual de la pesca del mero cherna Epinephelus itajara, e
iniciativas para la conservación de la especie en la península de
Yucatán, México
63 *Zuñiga, Harley IncorporacIón de nuevos materiales en las redes de arrastre de
camarón en el Golfo de Morrosquillo, Mar Caribe de Colombia: Una
estrategia para reducir combustible
64 Wilson Aguirre,
Hugo
Caracterización de la flota pesquera que opera en el Archipiélago de
San Andrés, Providencia y Santa Catalina, Caribe de Colombia
65 *Ramlogan, Neema Impactos socioeconómicos de Sargazo en el sector pesquero de
Barbados
66 Claydon, John AB Gestión proactiva y reactiva de los recursos pesqueros en las Islas
Turcos y Caicos
67 Rojas, Anthony Dinámica de la pesquería artesanal en el Archipiélago de San Andrés,
Providencia y Santa Catalina, Reserva de Biósfera Seaflower
68 Saavedra-Díaz, Lina
M.
Equivalentes retos de manejo pesquero en comunidades de
pescadores artesanales del Caribe y Pacifico Colombiano
69 Katz, Adrienne Adquiriendo y conservando la participación activa dentro de un
programa de marcaje comunitario
70 Mojica, Angela Proyecto piloto de restauración de corales como una herramienta de
manejo
71 Mateos, Daniel Planificacion espacial marina con Marxan: Lecciones aprendidas en
los casos de estudio de Puerto Rico y España
72 Johnson, Ayana Barbuda y otras islas: implementacion y expansion de la iniciativa del
halo azul en el Caribe
73 Santos-Martínez,
Adriana
Priorización de las acciones de manejo sustentable para la pesquería
artesanal en la Reserva de Biosfera Seaflower, Caribe Colombiano
74 Pinilla, Francisco Aproximación metodológica para la evaluación de stocks de recursos
hidrobiológicos en entornos marinos de la costa Caribe Colombiana a
través del seguimiento de desembarques pesqueros artesanales
75 Joseph, Orisha Liderazgo de ONG en el desarrollo de un transfronterizos:
zonificación Plan del Banco de Granada
76 Peterson, Mark 54 años en la fabricación: Gulf And Caribbean Research ahora en
línea y acceso abierto
77 Gastelum Nava,
Ernesto
Uso de redes sociales digitales por pescadores artesanales en el
Golfo de California, México
78 Harms Tuohy, Hay una App para eso: un enfoque innovador para la identificación
12 *Estudiente
Chelsea de peces de arrecifes del Caribe utilizando la tecnología de tableta
bajo el agua
79 Sinkus, Wiley Bioacumulación de mercurio en seis especies de peces de aguas del
Sureste de EE.UU
80 Peña, Alexis Análisis de contaminantes orgánicos en sedimentos marinos y en la
biota de la bahía de Panamá, Panamá
81 Biermann, Lindsay Investigando la frecuencia de edad, el crecimiento y los niveles de
HAP en el serrano lengua rasposa, Pronotogrammus martinicensis
después del derrame de petroleo del deepwater horizon
82 Santamaria,
Apolinar
Bioquímica sanguínea de la población silvestre del huachinango
Lutjanus peru (Nichols y Murphy, 1922) en el Pacífico sur de México
Miercoles, Noviembre 11
8:00 Reunión de la membrecía de GCFI (Todos son bienvenidos - Aprenda sobre el
GCFI)
Actividades Paralelas:
2nd Taller de Trabajo Regional de peces de pico, gestion y conservacion dentro del plano
del grupo de trabajo de pesca recreacional de WECAFC/OSPESCA/CRFM/CFMC (por
invitación) (continuación)
Taller de trabajo en los avances en la investigacion, manejo y conservacion de los
tiburones y rayas del Caribe. Moderadora: Rachel Graham; Auspiciado por MarAlliance)
SESIONES TÉCNICAS
Simposio de Investigacion del Pez Léon (Moderadores: James Morris y Lad Akins) (Auspiciado por
Florida Sea Grant Program, FWC, NOAA, REEF) 8:45-9:00 Anderson, Emily Preferencia de presa del pez león entre los meritos nativos
9:00-9:15 *Eddy, Corey Ecología alimentaria y selectividad de presa del pez león invasor (Pterois volitans y P. miles) en las Bermudas
9:15-9:30 *Tuttle, Lillian El pez león invasor (Pterois volitans) aprende evitar un pez presa 'picante'
9:30-9:45 Hogan, Derek Los efectos del pez león (Pterois volitans) sobre la abundancia y la diversidad genética de los peces de arrecife de coral nativos en Panamá
9:45-10:00 Kindinger, Tye Efectos del consumo y no consumo herbívoros nativos por el pez león invasor: Posibles consecuencias para la capacidad de recuperación ecológica de los arrecifes de coral
10:00 Receso de café
10:15-10:30 Ingeman, Kurt El pez león (Pterois volitans) altera los patrones denso-dependientes de la mortalidad y causa la extirpación local de las poblaciones de presas nativas
10:30-10:45 Harms Tuohy, Chelsea
Nuevos caminos para el uso de dna metabarcoding para el análisis de contenido estomacal en el pez león invasor (Pterois volitans /miles) en Puerto Rico
10:45-11:00 *Benkwitt, Cassandra
Comportamiento de caza del pez león en múltiples hábitats: efecto de la densidad local del pez león e implicaciones para peces nativos
11:00-11:15 Luiz, Osmar Estimación de la vulnerabilidad de los peces arrecifales brasileños endémicos a la depredación del pez león
11:15-11:30 *Ellis, Robert Las interacciones entre el pez léon y un depredator nativo, cherna americana (Epinephelus morio)
11:30-11:45 Grubich, Justin ¿Compiten las especies endémicas del pez león y los meros? Observaciones ecomorfológica en areas nativas del mar rojo
11:45-12:00 *Curtis, Joseph ¿Cómo puede la presencia del pez león invasor afectar la dieta y el estado de los mesodepredadores nativos?
12:00-12:15 *Hackerott, Serena
Pocos peces leones, no hay problema? los efectos de la invasion del pez leon en las comunidades de peces arrecifales de la barrera de arrecifes Mesoamericana en Belize
12:15-12:30 *Dahl, Kristen A. Remociones dirigidas del pez león en los arrecifes artificiales del Norte del Golfo de México: Efectividad e impacto en las comunidades de peces arrecifales nativos
12:30-14:00 Receso de almuerzo
14:00 Excursiones: (1) Centro de Visitantes de las Esclusas de Miraflores, (2)
Panamá Colonial y (3) Panamá Viejo (Auspiciado por la Autoridad de Turismo de
Panamá)
Simposio de Investigacion del Pez Léon (Moderadores: James Morris y Lad Akins) (Auspiciado por Florida Sea Grant Program, FWC, NOAA, REEF) (Continuación)
14:00-14:15 Chevalier, Pedro Evaluación del efecto del pez león (Pterois volitans) en asociaciones de peces arrecifales en tres localidades de Cuba
14:15-14:30 Patterson, William
Contexto trófico del pez león invasor en el Norte del Golfo de México inferido a partir de la dieta de peces arrecifales e isótopos estables en los músculos
14:30-14:45 Hixon, Mark Está disminuyendo la invasión del pez león? la evidencia de las Bahamas
14:45-15:00 Stallings, Christopher
Análisis espacial y temporal del programa de captura de pez león en el Parque Nacional Biscayne (2010-2015)
15:00-15:15 Akins, Lad Estructura de talla de una población del pez león invasor en arrecifes explotados y sin explotar en las Bahamas y el Caribe
15:15-15:30 Fields, KathrynAnn
Cuántos peces león son demasiados peces león? Estimando umbrales críticos de densidad y costos asociados con la extracción manual del pez león en una reserva marina en Belize
14 *Estudiente
15:30-15:45 Bogdanoff, Alex Modelando estrategias para el manejo del pez león en la plataforma ocidental de La Florida
15:45-16:00 Green, Stephanie Balanceando el beneficio ecológico y el costo económico del control del pez león invasor
16:00 Receso de café
16:30-16:45 Diaz-Ferguson,
Edgardo
Desarrollo de marcadores moleculares para la detección de DNA ambiental del pez león Pterois volitans
16:45-17:00 Stevens, Julia Diversidad, patrones y beneficios de la flora bacteriana cutánea del pez león
17:00-17:15 Candelmo,
Allison
Frecuencia de desove del pez león invasor (Pterois spp.)
17:15-17:30 Malca, Estrella Distribución de larvas del pez leon (Pterois volitans) en el Caribe Occidental
19:30-21:00 CINEFISH Moderador: Alejandro Balaguer (Auspiciado por Fundación Albatros Media)
Jueves, Noviembre 12
Actividades Paralelas:
Taller de trabajo para la gestion y manejo del pez león. Moderadores: Franck Gourdin y
Ruben E. Torres (auspiciado por SPAW RAC y PNUMA) (Por invitacion)
SESIONES TÉCNICASS
Evaluación de los recursos con datos limitados Moderadores: Bill Michaels, Nancie Cummings
y Mandy Karnauskas (Auspiciado por NOAA)
8:10 - 8:20 Cummings, Nancie
Un resumen de los talleres del GCFI entre 2013-2015: Evaluaciones poblacionales en situaciones de datos limitados
8:20 - 8:30 Harford, William Evaluación de las estrategias de gestión que utilizan datos pesquera limitada
8:30 - 8:40 Thomas, Lennon R.
La determinación de un método eficaz para monitorear y evaluar la pesca en un contexto de información limitada: un estudio de caso de las pesquerías en Montserrat y Curacao
8:40 - 8:50 Rodriguez Gil, Luis Alfonso
Estado actual de la pesqueria del mero en el estado de Yucatan, Mexico y estrategia para la recoleccion de datos con particpacion de usuarios
8:50 - 9:00 Kilfoyle, Kirk Determinación de una línea base independiente de la pesquería en el tramo arrrecifal Norte de La Florida
9:00 - 9:10 Phillips, Todd Monitoreo electrónico: Un enfoque metodológico para el diseño de un programa de monitoreo de la fundación
9:10 - 9:20 Marley, Guy Un cesto modificado para el muestreo de comunidades de peces juveniles en bosques turbios de manglar
9:20 - 9:30 Struve , Juliane Registros voluntarios de captura del róbalo común (Centropomus undecimalis): Uso Actual y su futuro potencial en la gestión pesquera
9:30 - 9:40 Stock, Brian El uso de datos de longitud in situ para determinar el estado de las poblaciones de peces protegidos que forman agregaciones: El caso de estudio del mero de Nassau (Epinephelus striatus)
9:40 - 9:50 Scharer-Umpierre, Michelle
Reconocimiento automatizado de los sonidos de los peces durante agregaciones de desove: Aplicación de acústica pasiva en las pesquerías
9:50 - 10:00 Heyman, William
Programa Cooperativo de conservación e investigación para las agregaciones preproductivas del Atlántico Centro Occidental (CRCP WCASA)
10:00 Receso de café
Manejo basado en ecosistemas, hábitat, cambio climático y manejo costero. Moderadora:
Ing. Zuleika Pinzón (Auspiciado por Ministerio de Ambiente de Panamá)
10:30-10:45 *Cooksey, Maria Caracterización de la comunidad epibéntica de un arrecife mesofótico en el sur de Texas
10:45-11:00 *Gautier, Francoise
Funcionamiento de las praderas de Thalassia testudinum: Uso de ácidos grasos como biomarcadores e isótopos estables
11:00-11:15 *Tzadik, Orian Dónde se han estado escondiendo? Distribución espacial y movimientos ontogenéticos del mero guasa (Epinephelus iItajara) en el estado de La Florida
11:15-11:30 *Guéné, Mathilde Dinámica de la contaminación por el chlordecone en la red trófica de los ecosistemas costeros de la Isla de Guadeloupe
11:30-11:45 Ramos Miranda, Julia
Cambios a largo plazo de la estructura y la función de las comunidades de peces en la laguna de Términos, Campeche, México
11:45-12:00 Flores Hernández, Domingo
Variaciones ambientales y cambios poblacionales a escala local: Peces de la Familia Gerreidae en laguna de Términos, Campeche, México
12:00-12:10 Cuello , Felix de Jesus
Determinación de cambios espacio-temporales en la abundancia de los recursos explotados por una pesqueria de peces pelagicos en el mar Caribe de Colombia, mediante el uso de SIG
12:10-12:20 Kilborn, Joshua El uso diferencial del hábitat y la organización comunitaria de peces arrecifales entre la cima del arrecife y el pared dentro de un ecotono en La Parguera, Puerto Rico
12:20-12:30 Blanchard, Fabian Efecto potencial del cambio climático en la pesca costera artesanal y en la biodiversidad explotada en la Guayana Francesa
12:30–14:00 RECESO DE ALMUERZO
SESIONES TÉCNICAS
16 *Estudiente
Áreas Marinas Protegidas (AMP): Ciencia y Gestion (I). Moderadora: Georgina Bustamante,
CaMPAM (Auspiciado por UNEP-CEP-SPAW/CaMPAM)
14:00-14:15 Phillips, Myles Monitoreo de la red transfronteriza de áreas marinas protegidas en el banco de Grenada
14:15-14:30 Torres, Ruben Salud arrecifal y la protección marina en la República Dominicana
14:30-14:45 Gomez, Diana Isabel
Subsistema de Áreas Marinas Protegidas en Colombia: progresos y lecciones del enfoque ecosistémico
14:45-15:00 Cobian, Dorka Resultados de los monitoreos biologicos en la zona marino-costera de la reserva de biosfera península de Guanahacabibes
15:00-15:15 Perera Valderrama, Susana
Aplicación de un enfoque ecosistémico en el manejo de áreas protegidas marinas en los archipiélagos del sur de Cuba
15:15-15:30 *Linardich, Christi
Identificando puntos críticos de biodiversidad para peces óseos costeros endémicos en peligro en el Gran Caribe para informar sobre las prioridades conservación en la planificación de áreas específicas
15:30-15:45 Semmens, Brice Evaluación de las tendencias en los peces marinos objetivo en el Parque Marino de Bonaire, Antillas Nerlandesas
15:45-16:00 Doyle, Emma Dando vida a los planes de gestión de AMPs a través de nuevos formatos de comunicación
16:00 Receso de café
Áreas Marinas Protegidas (AMP): Ciencia y Gestion (II). Moderadora: Emma Doyle (GCFI) (Auspiciado por UNEP-CEP-SPAW/CaMPAM)
16:15-16:30 Hernández-Velasco, Arturo
Herramientas de conservación en las comunidades costeras de la península de Baja California
16:30-16:45 Russell, Martin Trabajando en las areas marinas protegidas de Australia
16:45-17:00 Renchen, Gabrielle
Mejorando el conocimiento de los pescadores y reduciendo el impacto de las nasas de langosta en las AMP de los cayos de La Florida, EE.UU
17:00-17:15 Gombos, Meghan
Desafíos para la gestión de las AMPs a través del lente del cambio climático
17:15-17:30 Barriteau, Martin
Construyendo beneficios para las aves y la gente: Fase II de la restauración del Ashton Lagoon
17:15-17:30 Belmont, Julie Participación del sector privado en el financiamiento de áreas marinas protegidas: Resultados iniciales del Proyecto Financiero Azul
19:30- 21:00 PEZ LEON SESSION DE CARTELES (Auspiciado por Florida Sea Grant Program,
FWC, NOAA, REEF)
1 Alemu I, Jahson La última isla: la invasión del pez león (Pterois spp) en la isla de Trinidad y Tobago (Sureste del Mar Caribe)
2 Ali, Fadilah Una comparación de la ecología alimentaria del pez león invasor en Bonaire, Klein Bonaire y Curacao
3 *Butkowski, Drew Los esfuerzos para atrapar al pez le+on invasor cerca de los muelles en Little Caimán
4 *Chin, Denise Una evaluación de la densidad poblacional de pez león en Discovery Bay, Jamaica
5 *Davenport, Megan Un enfoque aplicado a la evaluación gonadal macroscópica en Pterois volitans y su aplicación en la ciencia ciudadana y la recopilación de datos en el Parque Nacional de Biscayne
6 Davis, Brittany Tiempo libre con una meta: Buceo para el pez león
7 Faletti, Meaghan Abordando la invasión del pez león en el Estado de Florida, EE.UU: Divulgación, control y planes a futuro
8 Galvis, Nohora Comunidad de pescadores proporciona datos pertinentes sobre la pesca como información de base para la declaración de una nueva área protegida de arrecifes de coral en el Caribe de Colombia
9 Mcdonald Herrera, Hector
Conservacion de la vida marina del Caribe Sur Costarricense: utilizando trapas artesanales para la controlar la invasion del pez león
10 Kling, David Refugios y el control de las especies invasoras
11 McCoy, Croy Estado del pez león rojo (Pterois volitans) en Las Islas Caimán: Densidad, biomasa, dietas y clases de tamaño a través de 6 hábitats diferentes
12 Mostowy, Jason Ecología de la alimenticia de los peces león invasores (Pterois volitans/millas) en el Parque Marino de Cozumel
13 Nemeth, Rick Invasión, distribución y abundancia del pez león del Indo-Pacífico en las Islas Vírgenes de los EE.UU
14 *Peiffer, Friederike El efecto de la remoción del pez león en las comunidades arrecifales de Roatán, Caribe de Honduras
15 *Sabido-Itzá, Miguel Mateo
El sector pesquero, un importante aliado en las acciones de control y monitoreo del pez león invasor (Pterois volitans) en áreas marinas protegidas del Caribe Mexicano
16 *Sánchez, Mirla Dieta del pez león (Pterois volitans) en la isla de providencia, Caribe de Colombia
17 Sosa-Cordero, Eloy Estimaciones de la densidad de pez león Pterois volitans en seis AMP del Caribe Mexicano
18 Carrillo-Flota, Evelyn Percepción de usuarios sobre el pez león (Pterois volitans) como amenaza al ecosistema y sobre su viabilidad para consumo humano en Quintana Roo, México
18 *Estudiente
19 Castillo, Bernard II Cambios en el consumo de presas por el pez león
20 Cobian, Dorka Densidad, tamaño y dieta del pez león, Pterois volitans en Cuba Occidental: Prístino implica más vulnerable?
21 García Rodríguez, Alain Relación de Pterois volitans/miles (teleostei: Scorpaenidae) con peces depredadores nativos en arrecifes del litoral oeste de La Habana, Cuba
22 Morris, Jr., James A. Dinámica reproductiva de los peces león invasores Pterois miles y P. volitans en el Atlántico occidental
23 Pantoja, Laura El pez león en Cuba: Composición de la dieta y competencia trófica
24 Peake, Jonathan Un meta-análisis de la dieta del pez león invasor en zonas templadas y tropicales del Atlántico Occidental
25 Robertson, Stuart Modelo de la distribución de las poblaciones de las especies invasoras de peces león (Pterois spp.) en Las Bermudas
26 Swenarton, MaryKate Nuevos hallazgos en la estructura de tamaño, edad y crecimiento de peces león (Pterois spp.) en el Noreste de La Florida
27 Ali, Fadilah Utilizando el conocimiento sobre la ecología del pez león para un manejo informado
28 Caballero Vazquez, J. Adan
Mapa de riesgo sobre la invasión de pez león en el Caribe Mexicano: Repercusiones y oportunidad de desarrollo
29 Chapman, Jennifer K. El Manejo de pez león en zonas inaccesibles por pescadores: Monitoreo y control con la ayuda de voluntarios en conservación
30 Galvis, Nohora Evidencia de pescadores que controlan las poblaciones profundas del pez león en Colombia. Estudio de caso: Capurgana, Choco, Mar Caribe
31 Johnson, Bradley Control y manejo del pez león en las Islas Cayman: Lecciones aprendidas siete años después
32 *Malpica Cruz, Luis Qué factores producen el éxito en los torneos de pez león? Un análisis regional
33 Molina-Ureña, Helena Expansión del invasor pez leon en Costa Rica: Una amenaza sobre las aguas del Pacífico Oriental?
34 Molina-Ureña, Helena Manejo del pez león en Costa Rica: Evolución de su gobernanza
35 *Fogg, Alexander Comparación de los patrones de edad y crecimiento del pez león invasor en tres ecoregiones del norte del Golfo de México
36 Bogdanoff, Alex Observaciones preliminares sobre el comportamiento del pez león y la atracción por dispositivos concentradores de peces león (LADS)
37 *Sellers, Andrew Potencial para la introducción del pez león invasor, Pterois volitans, en el Pacifico Oriental a través del Istmo de Panamá
38 *Cardoso, Giulia Relación entre la complejidad del hábitat y las densidades de Pterois spp en El Parque Nacional Marino de Punta Francés, Isla de La Juventud (Cuba)
39 Vasquez-Yeomans, Lourdes
Descripción de larvas de pez león Pterois volitans (Scorpaenidae) en el Atlántico Occidental
Viernes, Noviembre 13
Actividades Paralelas:
Taller sobre Nodo Caribe de la Asociación Mundial para la Basura Marina Moderadores: Tom Matthews (GCFI) y Chirs Corbin (UNEP CAR/RCU) (Auspiciado por el Programa de las Naciones Unidas para el Medio Ambiente) (por invitación)
SESIONES TÉCNICAS
Los arrecifes y ecosistemas conexos: concha, langosta y otros invertebrados Moderador:
Henri Vallés
8:00-8:15 *Callwood, Karlisa A.
Las casitas y la conectividad: desarrollando un enfoque interdisciplinario para informar el manejo pesquero de la langosta (Panulirus argus) en las Bahamas
8:15-8:30 *Yao, Nan Desarrollo de un modelo de evaluación poblacional basado en la estructura de tallas para la langosta espinosa en el sureste de los Estados Unidos
8:30-8:40 Goulíe, Chloé Determinación del espacio territorial del caracol rosa Lobatus (Eustrombus) gigas
8:40-8:55 *Santana, Pablo
Nuevas contribuciones sobre la reproducción y desove del caracol Strombus gigas
8:55-9:05 Valle-Esquivel, Monica
Proyecto piloto sobre la pesca recreativa de caracol rosado y langosta en Puerto Rico
9:05-9:15 Baker, Nicole Evaluación de las poblaciones, tendencias y efectividad de manejo en la población del caracol reina del caribe en el oeste de Puerto Rico
9:15-9:25 Foley, James Indicadores de talla y madurez en caracol rosado (Strombus gigas) De la reserva marina de Port Honduras, Belice: fortaleciendo la gestión para mejorar la sostenibilidad de la pesquería
9:25-9:35 Sanchez, Manuel
Distribución y abundancia de larvas veliger de Strombus gigas (Linnaeus, 1758) en el mar Caribe
9:35-9:45 Prada, Martha Avances en el ordenamiento y conservación regional del caracol rosado
9:45-1055 Sabido-Itzá, Miguel Mateo
Última cuota de caracol rosado (Strombus gigas), previo al decreto de veda por cinco años en la reserva de la biosfera Banco Chinchorro (RBBCh), Caribe Mexicano
9:55- 1005 Montero F, Enmanuel Antonio
Estudio comparativo del lambí (Lobatus gigas) en concheros prehispánicos y recientes en isla beata y la comunidad de Trudillé, Parque Nacional Jaragua, Provincia Pedernales, República Dominicana
20 *Estudiente
Receso de café
Sargazo en el Golfo y en el Caribe. Moderador: Jim Franks
10:30-10:45 Franks,
James
Invasión masiva de sargazo en países del Atlántico Tropical:
Comprensión y predicción
10:45-11:00 Fardin,
Frédérique
Cooperación regional para hacer frente a la afluencia de sargassum
por el Gran Caribe
11:00-11:15 Linton,
Thomas
Biografía organizacional como sistema de asesoramiento temprano
sobre el Sargazo: Recuento de logros
11:15-11:30 Morrall,
Clare
Las realidades de la afluencia de sargazo pelágico y la conservación
de la biodiversidad en Granada, Indias Occidentales
11:30-11:45 Lapointe,
Brian
Evidencia de afloraciones de sargassum pelágico alimentados por
nitrógeno en el golfo de México
11:45-12:00 Schell,
Jeffrey M
La observación del Sargassum a bordo de una embarcación revela la
proliferación estructura comunitaria faunalmovil poco común y
diferentes
12:00-12:15 Gully,
Charlotte
Desarrollo de soluciones innovadoras para manejar la llegada masiva
de sargassum en Martinica y Guadalupe
12:15-12:30 Doyle, Emma Una perspectiva regional sobre la afluencia de Sargazo pelágico
12:30 RECESO DE ALMUERZO
Actividades paralelas:
Taller sobre Nodo Caribe de la Asociación Mundial para la Basura Marina. Moderadores: Tom Matthews (GCFI) y Chirs Corbin (UNEP CAR/RCU) (Auspiciado por el Programa de las Naciones Unidas para el Medio Ambiente) (por invitacióntion)
SESIONES TÉCNICAS
Ecosistemas pelágicos y la pesca recreativa. Moderadora: Graciela García Moliner
14:00-14:10 Vallès, Henri Una mirada rápida sobre la pesca asociada a dispositivos de
concentración de peces anclados (DCPa) en el sur de Haití
14:10-14:20 Duarte, Luis
Orlando
Explorando la vulnerabilidad de un ecosistema marino tropical a la
reducción de biomasa: el caso del golfo de Salamanca, mar Caribe de
Colombia
14:20-14:30 Ellis, Laura La utilización de hormonas esteroides extraídas del tejido muscular
esquelético para determinar el sexo y estado reproductivo del atún
rojo del atlántico (Thunnus thynnus)
14:30-14:40 Ishida,
Mitsuhiro
El uso de los resultados de una investigación de mercado para la co-
gestión de los dispositivos agregadores de peces en la
mancomunidad de Dominica
14:40-14:50 Leaf, Robert Dinámicas temporales en las características de lípidos y ácidos grasos
de la sardina lacha, Brevoortia patronus, en el norte del golfo de
México.
14:50-15:00 Merten,
Wessley
Proyecto piloto para incrementar la capacidad de Ecuador para
utilizar técnicas de identificación genética como ayuda en la
aplicación de la lista CITES para tiburones
15:00-15:10 Thompson,
Randel
Beneficios de participar en el programa de desarrollo de
profesionales de pesca del caribe patrocinado por el GCFI
15:10-15:20 Ahrabi-
Nejad, Sonia
Parámetros reproductivos de dos peces pelágicos costeros del
sudeste de La Florida: atun aleta negra, Thunnus atlanticus y
Bacoreta, Euthynnus alletteratus
15:20-15:30 McCool,
Jackie
¿Cómo apoya el lago Pontchartrain a la pesquería recreativa de la
corvina pinta, Cynoscion nebulosus?
15:30-15:40 Chavez,
Ernesto A.
Efecto de la variabilidad climática sobre las pesquerías del norte del
Golfo de México
15:40-15:50 Johnson,
Donald
Peces de arrecife en el norte del Golfo de México y los patrones de
circulación decadal
16:00 Receso de café
Acuacultura. Moderador: Javier Visuetti González (Auspiciado por Open Blue Sea
Farms Panamá S.A.)
16:15-16:30 Robinson,
Julianne
Alga marina sostenible: ¿Podría ser la próxima gran cosa?
16:30-16:45 Sarkis, Samia El Cultivo del pepino de mar, Isostichopus badionotus, en Bermuda:
Herramienta para su conservación
16:45-17:00 Visuetti
González,
Javier
Open Blue Sea Farms Panamá S.A.: Acuacultura de mar abierto
impactando nuestras comunidades en la costa arriba de Colón
ENTREGA DE PREMIOS A ESTUDIANTES
17:00 Entrega de beca de participación "Ron Schmied"
17:30 Entrega de premios "Por logros relevantes" a estudiantes que otorga el GCFI
18:00 Ceremonia de Clausura
Logo del evento cortesía de: Universidad Marítima Internacional de Panamá
Impresión del programa cortesía de: Florida State University Panama
22 *Estudiente
RESÚMENES
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
1
Proposal of a Management Plan for the Lionfish, Pterois Volitans, in the Parque Nacional
Arrecife Alacranes in the Northern Yucatan Peninsula, Mexico
Propuesta de Plan de Manejo para el Pez León Pterois Volitans, en el Parque Nacional
Arrecife Alacranes en el Northern Yucatan Peninsula, Mexico
Proposition D'un Plan de Gestion pour le Pez Leon, Pterois Volitans, dans le Parque
Nacional Arrecife Alacranes dans le Nord de la Péninsule Du Yucatan, Mexico
ALFONSO AGUILAR-PERERA*
1, EVELYN CARRILLO-FLOTA
2,
and CRISTÓBAL CÁCERES-G.CANTÓN3
1Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán Km. 15.5, carretera Mérida-Xmatkuil Mérida, Yucatán 97100
México. [email protected]. 2Universidad Autónoma de Yucatan, Merida, Yucatan Mexico.
3Comisión Nacional de Áreas Naturales Protegidas, Parque Nacional Arrecife Alacranes,
Merida, Yucatan Mexico.
ABSTRACT
By the end of 2009, the lionfish, Pterois volitans, was detected and collected by a diver-fisherman 150
km off the northern coast of the Yucatan Peninsula, Mexico. This latter finding represented the very first
detection of a lionfish in the Southern Gulf of Mexico. Eventually, from 2010 to the present, a proactive
initiative to describe the current condition of the lionfish invasion in this region began focusing mainly
on a natural protected area known as the Parque Nacional Arrecife Alacranes (PNAA) where the first
lionfish was collected in mid-July 2010. This work describes both scientific and management outcomes
to cope the lionfish invasion in the PNAA, where participation of lobster-fishermen working in the
PNAA has been a decisive and important component to acquire lionfish samples. From this initiative, in
this work we describe a current scenario of the lionfish invasion in the PNAA and also propose a
management plan considering scientific research and legal environmental procedures.
KEYWORDS: Lionfish, Management, Yucatan Peninsula, Alacranes Reef, Mexico
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
2
Reproductive Parameters of Two Coastal Pelagic Fishes off Southeast Florida:
Blackfin Tuna, Thunnus atlanticus, and Little Tunny, Euthynnus alletteratus
Parámetros Reproductivos de dos Peces Pelágicos Costeros del Sudeste de la Florida:
Atún Aleta Negra, Thunnus atlanticus y Bacoreta, Euthynnus alletteratus
Paramètres de la reproduction de deux poissons pélagiques côtiers au large de la Floride
du sud : le thon noire, Thunnus atlanticus, et la thonine commune, Euthynnus alletteratus
SONIA AHRABI-NEJAD*1, DAVE KERSTETTER*
1, NANCY BROWN-PETERSON
2, PATRICIA
BLACKWELDER1, and D.A. RENEGAR
1
1Nova Southeastern University, 8000 North Ocean Drive, Dania Beach, Florida 33004 USA.
*[email protected]. 2Department of Coastal Sciences, University of Southern Mississippi, 703 E. Beach Blvd.,
Ocean Springs, Mississippi 39564 USA.
ABSTRACT
Determining reproductive parameters for fish populations is important for stock assessments and
management, and histological examination of gonads provides the most accurate determination of
fecundity and spawning periods. Coastal pelagic fishes are often targeted commercially and
recreationally due to their easy access by private vessels. The objective of this study was to provide
baseline reproductive data for two fishes particularly important to Florida fisheries: the coastal pelagic
scombrids Blackfin Tuna Thunnus atlanticus and Little Tunny Euthynnus alletteratus. Archived gonad
samples from 2010-2014 were evaluated. GSI values and histological examination indicated one
spawning season for both species. Little Tunny spawn April through August, and Blackfin Tuna spawn
May through June. Additionally both species have asynchronous oocyte development, and are batch
spawners. Postovulatory follicles were used to estimate spawning frequency; Blackfin Tuna, mean
spawning occurs every 1.49 days, and Little Tunny, mean spawning occurs every 1.47 days. Comparison
of otolith age data to these results indicates that Little Tunny mature at a smaller size and younger age
than Blackfin Tuna. Size at 50% maturity for male Blackfin Tuna was 435.2 mm TL, for female
Blackfin Tuna was 392.3 mm TL, and for male Little Tunny was 347.77 mm TL. Age at 50% majority
for male Blackfin Tuna was 0.66 years, and for male Little Tunny was 0.50 years. Fecundity oocyte
counts were conducted to determine batch fecundity for Blackfin Tuna and Little Tunny. This study
provides baseline data needed for ecosystem based management.
KEYWORDS: Coastal pelagic, gonadal histology, blackfin tuna, little tunny
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
3
Invasive Lionfish Size Structure on Exploited and Unexploited Reefs
in the Bahamas and Caribbean
Estructura de Talla de una Población del Pez León en Arrecifes Explotados
y sin Explotar en las Bahamas y el Caribe
Lionfish Envahissantes Taille Structure sur les Récifs Exploitées
et non Exploitées dans les Bahamas et les Caraïbes
LAD AKINS
Reef Environmental Education Foundation, 98300 Overseas Highway, Key Largo Florida 33037 USA.
ABSTRACT
Indo-Pacific lionfish (Pterois volitans and P. miles) have successfully invaded a wide area of the tropical
and temperate Western Atlantic, including the Caribbean, Bahamas, Southern US and Gulf of Mexico,
resulting in significant impacts to native marine systems, fisheries and economies. Numerous studies
document both lionfish abundance and biomass at sites across the region. However, most studies have
occurred in areas where local control efforts are also being undertaken, often quite successfully. These
control efforts may alter the age and size structure of resident populations, with consequences for
reproductive dynamics and predation rates. Comparing data among fished and unfished areas can
provide insights into the magnitude of these effects of removal on population structure. Here, we present
data on lionfish size distribution from two remote (unfished) areas of the Bahamas and several fished
areas of the Caribbean over time. Size data from both unfished areas show a normal distribution, with a
median size of 283 mm TL and 284 mm TL and maximum sizes of 422 mm TL and 424 mm TL. These
measures are not significantly different between years. In contrast, size data from fished areas become
increasingly right skewed over time, likely as a result of fishing pressure across years. These data give an
indication of unfished population size structure and the effects of fishing mortality.
KEYWORDS: Lionfish, size structure, exploited population, fishing pressure
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
4
Fish Community Composition on Artificial Reefs in the Northeast Gulf of Mexico
Before and After the Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill
Composición de la Comunidad de los Peces en los Arrecifes Artificiales del Noreste del
Golfo de México Antes y Después del Derrame de Petróleo de Deepwater Horizon
La Composition des Communautés de Poissons sur les Récifs Artificiels dans le Nord du
Golfe du Mexique Avant et Après le Déversement de Pétrole de Deepwater Horizon
MARK ALBINS*, STEPHEN SZEDLMAYER, and PETER MUDRAK
Auburn University, School of Fisheries, Aquaculture, and Aquatic Science, Gulf Coast Research and
Extension Center, 8300 State Hwy., 104 Fairhope, Alabama 36532 USA. *[email protected].
ABSTRACT
The 2010 Deepwater Horizon oil spill, one of the largest in U.S. history, has been implicated in a variety
of environmental and biological changes in the region. One of these is drastic reductions in reef fish
abundance and shifts in community composition. We used multivariate tools to examine potential
changes in reef fish community composition on small artificial reefs in the Northeast Gulf of Mexico
between 2009 and 2014. Fish community composition on these reefs differed globally among years
(perMANOVA: pseudo-F = 16.04, pseudo-p < 0.0001). While the community appeared to shift
between 2009 (pre-spill) and 2010 (early post-spill) time periods (perMANOVA: pseudo-F = 13.48,
pseudo-p < 0.0001), we also observed community shifts between consecutive years after 2010. In fact,
the largest shift appears to have occurred between 2013 and 2014 (perMANOVA: pseudo-F = 21.40,
pseudo-p < 0.0001). Reef fish communities surveyed in 2014 shared the least overlap with observations
from other years. Community differences between 2009 (pre-spill) and 2010 (early post-spill) appear to
be driven by a decrease in red snapper and vermillion snapper, and an increase in tomtate. Differences
between 2014 and other years were driven primarily by an increase in gray triggerfish during 2014.
While substantial community changes were coincident with the DWH oil spill, this system appears to be
characterized by high inter-annual variability making it difficult to conclude whether or not the oil spill
caused the observed changes.
KEYWORDS: Community composition, environmental impact, oil spill, marine fish ecology
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
5
Colonizacion de Microalgas Epibiontes en Larvas del
Molusco Gasterópodo, Strombus gigas
Settlement of Microalgae Epibionts Gastropod Mollusk Larvae, Strombus gigas
Colonisation de Microalgues Epibiontes Chez les Larvas du
Mollusque Gasteropode, Lambi Strombus gigas
DALILA ALDANA ARANDA*
1, ROCIO ELIZABETH MUCIÑO-MÀRQUEZ
2,
OSCAR UBISHA HERNÀNDEZ-ALMEIDA3, y MARIA GUADALUPE FIGUEROA-TORRES
2
1CINVESTAV-MERIDA, km. 6 Carretera a Progreso, Mérida, Yucatán 97310 México.
*[email protected]. 2Universidad Autónoma Metropolitan-Xochimilco,Calzada del Hueso 1100, Col. Villa Quietud,
Delegación Coyoacán, C.P. 04960, D.F. México. 3Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit, Tepic, Nayarit, C.P. 63155 México.
RESUMEN
La epibiosis es un tipo de simbiosis en la que un organismo vive sobre la capa superficial del otro. Los
caparazones de crustáceos y moluscos a menudo sirven de sustrato a diversas especies de virus,
bacterias, algas y hongos. El éxito de un epibionte depende de poseer un eficiente mecanismo de
colonización, adhesión y desarrollo sobre el hospedero, un factor importante relacionado con la
colonización es el tamaño del huésped y del hospedero. El objetivo de este trabajo consiste en conocer si
la fase larval pre y post metamórfica del molusco gasterópodo, Strombus gigas presenta colonización de
microalgas epibiontes y sus posibles mecanismos de colonización. Se analizaron 60 larvas de S. gigas de
entre 2 y 44 díasde edad de cultivos de laboratorio. Las larvas se fijaron en glutaraldehido y cacodilato y
se pasaron por una serie de alcoholes hasta llegar al alcohol absoluto. Estematerial se procesóa punto
crítico para su observación en microscopia electrónica de barrido de emisión de campo JEOL (JSM-
7600F). Las larvas de 2 y 5 días no presentaron epibiontes, las de 15 - 44 días presentaron una diversidad
de microalgas de 8-20 especies y las larvas de 28 días, tuvieron 20 especies epibionte. Entre las
principales especies de epibionte se encontraron a las diatomeas: Entomoneis centrospinosa,
Psammodictyon constrictum, Ceratoneis closterium, Thalassionema nitzschioides, las larvas menores de
10 días presentaron solo diatomeas, las larvas mayores de 15 días estuvieron cubiertas por lay de
cianofita Anabaena sp, la cual produce mucus para adherirse a su hospedero, en esta misma fase larvaria,
las diatomeas más abundantes fueron Psammodictyon sp y Thalassionema nitzschioides, formando
cadenas. Estos resultados son el primer registro de epibiosis de microalgas en las conchas de larvas del
molusco gasterópodo S. gigas.
PALABRAS CLAVES: Microalgas, diatomeas, cianofitas, epibiontes, Strombus gigas
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
6
The Last Island: An Invasion of the Lionfish (Pterois spp.)
in Trinidad and Tobago (Southeastern Caribbean)
La Última Isla: La Invasión del Pez León (Pterois spp.)
en la Isla Trinidad y Tobago (Sureste del Mar Caribe)
La Dernière île: Une Invasion de la Rascasse Volante (Pterois spp.)
à Trinidad et Tobago (Sud-est de la Mer des Caraïbes)
JAHSON ALEMU I
Institute of Marine Affairs, Hilltop Lane, Chaguaramas, Trinidad and Tobago. [email protected].
ABSTRACT
During the first two years (2013 - 2015) of the lionfish invasion in Trinidad and Tobago, a culling
programme was implemented, with collections occurring at monthly intervals. Lionfish were captured,
and comparisons were made of the length-weight relationship (LWR), size modality, population
densities and sex ratio of the sub-populations determined at different localities around the island. One
thousand and eighty-six (1086) lionfish were collected with some areas, especially on the Leeward coast
showing densities >200 individuals/ha. The modal size class increased from 15 - 19.9 cm in the first year
to 20 – 29 cm in the second year (year 2). Females represented more than 60% of all fish sampled,
however males were generally longer and heavier than females. At sites where culling was less frequent,
higher densities (up to 4x) and larger size modalities of lionfish were noted than on frequently culled
sites. As the invasion continues, the species most threatened include small and medium bodies fish, with
the following representing the most frequently scored prey item: Stegastes partitus, Sparisoma
aurofrenatum, Stenopus hispidus, and Neogonodactylus curacaoensis. There has been no noticeable
negative impact observed on any of the study reefs thus far.
KEYWORDS: Invasive species, lionfish (Pterois), population density, L-W relationship, reef fish
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
7
Using Knowledge of Lionfish Ecology to Inform Management
Utilizando el Conocimiento sobre la Ecología del Pez León Para un Manejo Informado
En Utilisant les Connaissances de L'écologie Lionfish
D'informer la Direction de Management
FADILAH ALI
1, CLIVE TRUEMAN
1, KEN COLLINS
1,
PETER SHAW PAUL KEMP2, and RITA PEACHEY
3
1University of Southampton, CIEE Research Station, Bonaire Waterfront Campus,
European Way, SO14 3ZH United Kingdom. * [email protected]. 2University of Southampton, Highfield Southampton, Hampshire SO17 1BJ United Kingdom.
3CIEE Research Station Bonaire 26 Kaya Gob. N. Debrot, Kralendijk, Caribbean Netherlands
ABSTRACT
Lionfish are the first marine fish invader from the Western Pacific to the Atlantic.In the space of around
30 years in their invasive range, lionfish have infiltrated a diverse array of habitats, inhabited a depth
range of > 300 m and exceeded the size and density reported in the native range, demonstrating the
difficulty of effective lionfish management. If left unmanaged, lionfish pose a significant, but still
uncertain, threat to Caribbean ecosystems thereby warranting the need for effective and efficient, tailored
management schemes based on lionfish ecology within invaded habitats. During a monitoring period
between 2009 - 2013, more than 10,000 lionfish specimens from Bonaire, Klein Bonaire, and Curacao
were documented, measured and weighed, with their feeding and reproductive ecology analysed in
relation to local management strategies and timing. Management actions affected population size-
structure, and the time taken for population size structure to rebound following management removal can
be used to infer population growth rates and to suggest most effective times and strategies for lionfish
removal. Due to their extensive dispersal, lionfish is a regional problem, requiring a dedicated, co-
operative but resource intensive effort, but local populations may require locally tailored approaches to
maximise the efficiency and effectiveness of enacted control and management programs.
KEYWORDS: Marine, invasive, Caribbean, conservation, control
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
8
Lionfish Management on Small Islands…
Lessons Learnt from Anguilla, Bonaire, and Curaçao
Gestión de Pez León en las Islas Pequeñas ...
Las Lecciones Aprendidas de Anguila, Bonaire y Curaçao
Gestion de Lionfish sur de Petites Îles ...
Leçons Tirées de Anguilla, Bonaire et Curaçao
FADILAH ALI
University of Southampton, 927 Pelican Road, Lange Park, Chaguanas, Trinidad and Tobago.
ABSTRACT
Since their introduction to the Caribbean, lionfish have continually grown in size, exceeding densities
and sizes from the native range. Although considerable achievements have been made with limiting their
growth thus far, with existing management tools and techniques, it is unlikely that lionfish will be
completely eradicated. Throughout the invaded range, various management schemes have been applied,
but with varying success. Anguilla, Bonaire, and Curacao represent islands of similar size where lionfish
were confirmed within the same time period, however the management of the islands, involvement of
divers and progression of the invasion differed considerably. Within Bonaire an immediate management
response was enacted and utilised the abundance of divers, resulting in reduced lionfish size and density.
Curacao however had a two-year delayed response compared to Bonaire, but over time, thanks to a large
local dive and fishing effort, were successful in limiting lionfish populations. Anguilla like Bonaire had
an immediate response but their education strategy was highly unsuccessful and created fear amongst
Anguillans, including divers, leading to a major delay and reduction in lionfish removal and
necessitating a new education and management scheme. Furthermore, socio-economic questionnaires
were conducted to determine the profile of the typical lionfish hunter, the motivations for their
involvement and retention and a cost-benefit-analysis performed to assess what economic effect the
invasion was having. Comparisons presented in this study highlight the value of an early, rapid response
and a proper education strategy, as well as the involvement of the diving industry factors often
overlooked in lionfish management.
KEYWORDS: Lionfish, marine, invasive, conservation, control
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
9
A Comparison of the Feeding Ecology of the Invasive Lionfish in Bonaire,
Klein Bonaire, and Curacao
Una Comparación de la Ecología Alimentaria del Pez León Invasor en Bonaire,
Klein Bonaire y Curacao
Comparaison de L'écologie de L'alimentation de la Rascasse Volante Invasive à Bonaire,
Klein Bonaire et Curacao
FADILAH ALI
1, CLIVE TRUEMAN
1, KEN COLLINS
1,
PETER SHAW PAUL KEMP2, and RITA PEACHEY
3
1University of Southampton, CIEE Research Station, Bonaire Waterfront Campus,
European Way, SO14 3ZH United Kingdom. * [email protected]. 2University of Southampton, Highfield Southampton, Hampshire SO17 1BJ United Kingdom.
3CIEE Research Station Bonaire 26 Kaya Gob. N. Debrot, Kralendijk, Caribbean Netherlands.
ABSTRACT
Widely regarded as a generalist predator with a voracious appetite, lionfish are principally piscivorous
but have been known to feed on invertebrates. Prey species in the Atlantic region are naïve to lionfish
predation strategies, resulting in lionfish having higher predation efficiencies than either local predators
or lionfish in the native range. Lionfish management is considered a regional issue across the Atlantic
and Caribbean region, but if lionfish feeding ecology varies between regions (especially amongst islands
within the invaded regions), the consequent ecological impacts are likely to vary, and control or
eradication strategies will need to be tailored to each regional area. To determine the magnitude of
ecological impacts of lionfish, and to assess for local-scale variation in feeding ecology, a total of 11,161
lionfish ranging between 21 to 455 mm TL were collected and analysed between October 2009 and
November, 2013. Lionfish were sampled from Bonaire (6288), Klein Bonaire (2743) and Curacao
(2130). Stomach contents were identified and feeding ecology analysed to assess whether lionfish
exhibited density dependent feeding and whether trait based selection was occurring whereby factors
such as prey colour, shape or behaviour affected dietary preferences. Finally lionfish feeding ecology
from the southern edge of the invaded rage was compared to that reported previously from the United
States and Bahamas to determine whether feeding ecology and preferences differed geographically and
over the invasion timeline.
KEYWORDS: Marine, invasive, diet, control, Caribbean
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
10
A Biological Evaluation of the Trinidad and Tobago Shark Fishery
Una Evaluación Biológica de la Pesquería de Tiburón en Trinidad y Tobago
Une Évaluation Biologique de la Pêche au Requin de Trinité-et-Tobago
LAUREN ALI
University of the West Indies, St. Augustine, Trinidad & Tobago. [email protected].
ABSTRACT
The shark fishery is an important resource to Trinidad and Tobago. However, shark populations are
highly vulnerable to overexploitation and acknowledged as globally jeopardized. Trinidad and Tobago is
home to thirty-four (34) recorded shark species, including Sphyrna lewini which is listed as endangered
by the IUCN. Trinidad and Tobago‟s waters also provide a nursery for sharks, however, the shark fishery
is mainly a bycatch fishery and therefore is not subject to targeted regulations. Additionally, shark
fishery data collection has been inconsistent, providing an incomplete picture of the status of the shark
population. This project aims to collect biological data on the sharks of Trinidad and Tobago and attempt
to evaluate the population and status of the fishery. The research will examine species, temporal
preferences, diets, lengths, weights, reproductive states and vulnerability to different fishing methods. A
Bray-Curtis similarity coefficient will be used to examine specimen maturity and temporal data to
identify possible ontogenetic or seasonal dietary shifts. Non-Metric Multidimensional Scaling analysis
(NMDS) will be used to examine dietary similarities across age and temporal ranges. Analyses of
Similarity (ANOSIM) will be used to test for differences in dietary composition, and Analyses of
Percentage of Similarity (SIMPER) will be used to gauge how much individual prey categories affect
ontogenetic dietary variation. Relevant data will also be collected via a questionnaire administered to
fishermen to determine, for example, when, how often and by what methods sharks are caught; observed
and perceived trends in the fishery and locations of possible nursery areas.
KEYWORDS: Shark, ontogenetic dietary variation, sexual maturity, fishery trends
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
11
Lionfish Prey Preference Between Native Basslets
Preferencia de Presa del Pez León entre los Meritos Nativos
Préférence Des Proies Du Poisson-Lion entre Les Grammas Indigènes
EMILY ANDERSON*
1, TYE KINDINGER
2, and MARK HIXON
2
1Oregon State University, 9901 197th Avenue E, Bonney Lake, Washington 98391 USA.
*[email protected]. 2Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331 USA.
ABSTRACT
The red lionfish, Pterois volitans, is a successful invasive predator first recorded in the western Atlantic
in the 1980‟s with large negative impacts on native fish populations. Since predation may alter
competitive interactions between prey species it is important to understand whether lionfish display
preferences between competitive prey species and if those preferences differ from that of native
predators. We investigated lionfish and native graysby grouper prey preference between prey species and
prey size using two closely-related and potentially competitive prey species, the fairy basslet and
blackcap basslet. In paired choice tests in aquaria, we recorded the first basslet hunted, total number of
strikes, and total time spent hunting each basslet as quantifications of preference. Lionfish initially
hunted fairy basslet while graysby initially hunted blackcap basslet but neither predator displayed any
preference between species in number of strikes or time spent hunting. Across all variables, lionfish
preference shifted from small to large basslets as lionfish size increased, consistent with gape-limited
predators, while graysby of all sizes tested preferred only large basslets. Brighter coloration and higher
activity level of fairy basslet may have influenced lionfish initial preference but it is unclear why
graysby initially hunted blackcap basslet. Lionfish initial preference may alter competition between the
two basslet species if initial preference leads to increased fairy basslet mortality.
KEYWORDS: Invasive Species, lionfish, graysby, prey preference
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
12
Spatio-temporal Patterns of Red Hind, Epinephelus guttatus, Spawning Aggregations Off
the West Coast of Puerto Rico: Evidence from Monitoring Courtship Associated Sounds
Los Patrones Espacio-temporales en las Agregaciones Reproductivas del Mero Cabrilla,
Epinephelus guttatus, de la Costa Oeste de Puerto Rico:
Evidencia a partir del Monitoreo de Sonidos Asociados al Cortejo
Les Patrons Spatiotemporels dans les aggrégations de frai des Mérou Couronné,
Epinephelus guttatus, Côte Ouest de Puerto Rico:
Preuves de la Surveillance de les Sons Associé pour la Fréquentation
RICHARD APPELDOORN
1, MICHELLE SCHÄRER
2,
KIMBERLY CLOUSE1, and TIMOTHY ROWELL
1
1Department of Marine Sciences, University of Puerto Rico, Mayaguez, Puerto Rico 00681-9000 USA.
2Caribbean Coral Reef Institute, University of Puerto Rico, Mayaguez, Puerto Rico 00681-9000 USA.
ABSTRACT
The commercially important red hind forms spawning aggregations at known sites and times.
Quantitative surveys at aggregations offer the potential to directly assess the spawning population and
monitor stock status variations. However, such surveys need to be timed to the occurrence of fish at the
sites, and they are subject to understanding the factors driving aggregation behavior. We used passive
acoustic monitoring of red hind courtship associated sounds (CAS) to determine the temporal patterns of
aggregation formation at Abrir la Sierra (ALS) over multiple years and for single years at four sites off
the Puerto Rico west coast and Mona Island. At ALS the general pattern of aggregation formation
follows that predicted by Nemeth et al. 2007, after adjusting for differences in the time of peak
aggregation formation (10 DAFM at ALS). However, there are minor peaks in CAS evident at ALS that
can occur as early as December and as late as March. Additionally, in some years the major peak is
preceded by an extended build-up of CAS indicating an earlier arrival of fish to the site. The pattern of
peak CAS at Buoy-4 (10km south) was similar to that of ALS, but at Tourmaline (12km northeast) peak
CAS occurred approximately seven days earlier, coincident with patterns observed at Mona Island, 45
km off the western platform. Resulting patterns are thus variable and highly complex. Resolution will
require coupled long-term monitoring of call behavior, density, spawning, currents and temperature,
factors that may influence timing of these critical events.
KEYWORDS: Red hind, spawning aggregations, passive acoustics, Puerto Rico, spawning patterns
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
13
Facing Up to Reality:
Long-term Trends in Fisheries Catch and Composition in Puerto Rico
Haciendo Frente a la Realidad:
Tendencias a Largo Plazo en la Captura y Composición de la Pesca en Puerto Rico
Faire face à la réalité:
Tendances à long terme dans les pêches, de la capture et de la composition à Porto Rico
RICHARD APPELDOORN*
1and ILSE SANDERS
2
1Department of Marine Sciences, University of Puerto Rico, Mayaguez, Puerto Rico 00681-9000 USA.
*[email protected]. 2Department of Biology, Chemistry, and Environmental Sciences,
Inter-American University of Puerto Rico, San German, Puerto Rico 00683 USA.
ABSTRACT
A clear baseline of the timing and magnitude of fishery extractions is necessary to fully understand the
nature and extent of fishing impacts on ecosystem processes. We reconstructed fisheries catch in Puerto
Rico (1950 - 2010) that includes the commercial (+ by-catch), recreational and baitfish sectors.
Recreational catch prior to 2000 was modeled from the number of registered recreational boats.
Commercial data prior to 1970 were interpolated between reported estimates. There was a slow rise in
overall catch during the 1950s to over 3,500 mt. From 1960 to 1980 catch increased dramatically to over
6,000 mt dominated by the commercial sector. Catch during this time was 2,000 - 3,000 mt greater (>
100%) than initially reported. A marked decline in overall catch occurred after 1980, but with an
absolute rise in the recreational catch, reaching a relative high of 56% of total catch. As a consequence,
catch rates still exceeded initial reports by 100% through the mid 1990s. By 2010, total catch had
declined to just 45% of the catch in 1960 and 24% of the peak catch. Significant changes in the relative
composition of the commercial catch have occurred since 1970. Most dramatically, the proportion of
snappers increased from 20% to over 50%, and dolphinfish increased from 2% in the mid-1980s to 12%.
Major proportional declines occurred in the groupers and parrotfishes. Trends reflect historical changes
in fish abundance, fishing gear and target species. Model comparisons suggest standing stock has been
reduced by 90% from the 1960s to the 2000s.
KEYWORDS: Catch reconstruction, Puerto Rico, catch trends, catch composition
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
14
Evaluación de la Implementación de una Zona de Exclusión Pesquera
y Recomendaciones Para una Participación Social Efectiva
No-take Marine Reserve Implementation Assessment and
Recommendations for an Effective Social Participation
Evaluation de L'implémentation d'une Zone Interdite á la Pêche et
Recommandations pour une Participation Sociale Effective
ADÁN ARANDA FRAGOSO*and JOAQUIN RODRIGO GARZA-PÉREZ
1Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México – PIESACOM, UMDI-Sisal Pto de Abrigo s/n,
Sisal, Yucatán 97355 México. *[email protected].
RESUMEN
Las zonas de exclusión pesquera son herramientas de manejo cuyo objetivo es restaurar poblaciones de
peces para conservar la integridad del ecosistema. Este término, aceptado mundialmente, no está
contemplado en el marco legal mexicano, pero existen diversas opciones legales con este mismo
enfoque. De estas opciones de manejo disponibles legalmente, se seleccionó la herramienta de “refugio
pesquero” para su implementación en el arrecife de Akumal, Quintana Roo, México. El estado de
condición de este arrecife ha sido definido como crítico, afectado principalmente por contaminación y
sobrepesca. En el periodo 2006 - 2012 se registró una disminución de 50% en biomasa de especies
económicamente importantes. El proceso de implementación del refugio pesquero se llevó a cabo a
través de la gestión de una alianza de ONG´s (Kanan Kay y Centro Ecológico Akumal) en conjunto con
algunos de los usuarios locales (Sociedad Cooperativa de Producción Pesquera Pescadores de Tulum y
los prestadores de servicio de pesca deportiva de la zona). Este proceso de implementación fue evaluado
por medio entrevistas y cuestionarios aplicados a los usuarios y las ONG‟s. Los resultados muestran por
una parte la disposición de la población a participar en este tipo de ejercicios, y la efectiva coordinación
entre gestores y usuarios directos, pero por otra parte, se identificaron la falta de acciones coordinadas
para una participación efectiva de la población en general por parte de los gestores, y la falta de acciones
enfocadas a la apropiación cultural de las estrategias de manejo para beneficio de la población. La
evaluación de esta implementación en el contexto legal mexicano, considerando las herramientas
disponibles, realzó esta figura legal seleccionada como la mas apropiada.
PALABRAS CLAVES: Akumal, herramienta de manejo, refugio pesquero, arrecife de coral, legislación
mexicana
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
15
The Most Valuable Fish. Price and Trophic Level in a Reef Fishery
Los Peces más Valiosos. Precio y Nivel Trófico en una Pesquería Arrecifal
Le Poisson le Plus Précieux. Prix et Niveaux Trophiques dans une Pêche de Récif
PATRICIA ARCEO
Instituto de Ciencias Marinas y Pesquerias, Universidad Veracruzana Hidalgo,
617 Col. Río Jalapa Boca del Río, Veracruz 94270 México. patarceo©gmail.com.
ABSTRACT
Multispecies reef fisheries are composed by species from different trophic levels (TL). Several authors
have pointed out that species with high trophic level are the main target of fishermen because their prices
are higher than those of species with lower trophic levels. We analyzed prices of fish for the reef and
associated species in Veracruz Reef System (VRS) in Mexico for a period of fifteen years (1998 to
2015). We found a tendency of fish prices to maintain the same through time with slight variations. We
found that prices for species of trophic level 4 have higher prices than TL 2 and 3. However, low TL
species prices are very variable and sometimes reach those of species with higher trophic levels. We
analyze catch tendencies and inter and intra annual seasonality to explain price and species targeted
variations. Recommendations for the management of the marine protected area Veracruz Reef System
are made.
KEYWORDS: Fish prices, reef fisheries, Veracruz reef system, MPAs, main trophic level
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
16
Primer Registro de Isistius plutodus para la Costa Atlántica de Honduras y el Uso de la
Dentición en la Identificación Taxonómica De Tiburones
First Record of Isistius plutodus to the Atlantic Coast of Honduras
and the Use of Teeth for Taxonomic Identification
Premier Signalement de Isistius plutodus à Cöte Atlantique du Honduras
et de L'utilisation des Dents pour L'identification Taxonomique de Requin
ANA ELY AUGUSTINUS*, JULIO ENRIQUE MÉRIDA, and GUSTAVO ADOLFO CRUZ
1Museo de Historia Natural, Universidad Nacional A Ciudad Universitaria, Bulevar Suyapa
Tegucigalpa, D.C. 11101 Honduras. *[email protected].
RESUMEN
El género Isistius comprende dos especies vivientes, Isistius brasiliensis e Isistius plutodus, se ha hecho
referencia a una tercera especie Isistius labialis, sin embargo, por falta de registros se considera
sinónimo junior de I.brasiliensis, este ha sido reportado en aguas tropicales y subtropicales alrededor del
mundo. I.plutodus es inusual y desde su descubrimiento en el Golfo de México en 1964 solo se ha
reportado en cinco localidades: Japón, Costa Occidental del Sahara, Brasil, Australia y Atlántico
Nororiental. La peculiar morfología dentaría que presenta esta mandíbula ayudo a su identificación, ya
que la forma de sus dientes han sido reportada para pocas familias dentro de estas Squalidae y
Dalatiidae. Los dientes del género Isistius son simétricamente triangulares en su mandíbula inferior con
bordes ligeramente aserrados, en la mandíbula superior son lisos y en forma de aguja. Las especies de
este género se pueden identificar mediante su dentadura ya que I. brasiliensis presenta de 25 a 32 dientes
en la mandíbula inferior e I.plutodus solo 19. Actualmente el uso de morfología dentaria en tiburones es
utilizado como carácter secundario en la identificación taxonómica, sin embargo, en casos como este, en
donde solo se cuenta con la mandíbula de un espécimen la morfología y la formula dental constituyen un
método significativo para la identificación.
PALABRAS CLAVES: Isistius plutodus, distribución, Honduras, dientes, identificación
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
17
Stock Assessment, Trends, and Management Effectiveness
of the Queen Conch Population in Western Puerto Rico
Evaluación de las Poblaciones, Tendencias y Efectividad de Manejo en la Población del
Caracol Reina del Caribe en el Oeste de Puerto Rico
L'évaluation des Stocks, les Tendances et Efficacité de la Gestion
de la Population de Lambis Dans L'Ouest de Porto Rico
NICOLE BAKER*, RICHARD APPELDOORN, and PEDRO TORRES-SAAVEDRA
University of Puerto Rico, Department of Marine Science,
Road 305, La Parguera, Puerto Rico 00667 USA. *[email protected].
ABSTRACT
The queen conch, Strombus gigas, resource continues to support a commercial fishery in Puerto Rico,
despite a history of overfishing and low densities. The goals of this study were to (1) generate density
estimates and (2) assess trends and evaluate hypotheses of management interest using generalized linear
mixed models. Total density was 14.05/hectare (ha) (adults = 7.32/ha; juveniles = 6.63/ha). Year, depth
and location were all significant factors influencing adult density. Lower densities of both juveniles and
adults were observed in 1997 compared to 2006 and 2013. A location effect in the model compared sites
within the US‟ Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) (closed to fishing) versus local waters (open to fishing).
Regardless of depth or year, adult densities were both higher in the EEZ, and showed a greater
proportional increase than in local waters. Length-frequency diagrams showed an increase in the
proportion of conch less than 20-cm in 2006 - 2013 pooled relative to 1997. This suggests an effect of
the 22.86-cm minimum size limit implemented in 2004, as the increase is focused on adults in the 16 –
20 cm size class. Juveniles comprised 50% of the population in 2013, compared to 70% in 1997 and the
oldest age class of adults was present in the 2013 survey. This suggests an overall decrease in fishing
mortality. Changes in survey methodology are recommended, including but not limited to shortening the
transects utilizing a two stage design, not utilizing scooters and standardizing area surveyed, and
stratifying by depth and habitat.
KEYWORDS: Strombus, Puerto Rico, linear mixed models, management, stock assessment
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
18
Emerging Deep-water Fisheries of the Mesoamerican Barrier Reef
Pesquerías Emergentes de las Aguas Profundas del Arrecife Mesoamericano
Emergence de la Pêche en Eaux Profondes sur la Barrière de Corail Méso-Américaine
IVY BAREMORE*1, RACHEL GRAHAM
1, FRANCISCO POLANCO
2, and OCHOA GABY
1
1MarAlliance, 32 Coconut Drive, San Pedro, Belize. *[email protected].
2Fundación Mundo Azul, Guatemala City, Guatemala.
ABSTRACT
Coastal fisheries along Mesoamerican Reef (MAR) countries are generally overfished and under-
managed. As coastal fish stocks decline, select fishers are expanding into deep-sea fisheries. The
topography of the MAR enables deep-sea fishing (> 200 m) very close to shore, easily attainable in small
vessels. Fishing effort in the deep waters varies substantially among countries, with exploitation based
on the use of both vertical and horizontal bottom-set longline gear. Captured species include gulper
sharks (Centrophorus sp.), sixgills (Hexanchus griseus), smoothhounds (Mustelus sp.), and occasionally
chimaeras. Although deep longline fishing targets sharks in Guatemala, most fishers in Belize target
snappers, and deep water-sharks are landed infrequently. Fisheries-independent sampling in Belize and
Honduras has been undertaken to develop species diversity and abundance trends for deep-water sharks
and teleosts. Fisher surveys from Belize have also exposed a fishery on the brink of expansion. Results
from fishery-independent monitoring, fishery-dependent landings data, and fisher questionnaire surveys
will be presented.
KEYWORDS: Deep-sea, elasmobranch, teleost, longline, artisanal
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
19
Network Analysis of Long-term Acoustic Telemetry Data Reveals Insights into
Habitat Use and Community Structure of Reef-Associated Sharks
Análisis Integrado de una Larga Serie de Datos de Telemetría Acústica Revela
información
sobre el Uso del Hábitat y la Estructura Comunitaria de los Tiburones Asociados a
Arrecifes
L'analyse de Réseau des Données de Télémétrie Acoustique à Long Terme Révèle
L'utilisation des Habitats et la Structure Communautaire des Requins Associés au Récifs
IVY BAREMORE and RACHEL GRAHAM
MarAlliance, 32 Coconut Drive, P.O. Box 283, San Pedro, Belize.
ABSTRACT
Caribbean reef sharks are common throughout the tropical and sub-tropical waters of the western north
Atlantic Ocean, and are known to be highly site-fidelic. Like many reef-associated shark species,
Caribbean reef sharks may spend the majority of their life history at a one reef. However, it is unknown
how individuals interact within a population and if community structure plays a role in their residency
and movement patterns. Traditional analysis of acoustic telemetry detection frequency does not elucidate
interactions among individuals and may be an inaccurate predictor of movement. Network analysis was
undertaken to detect patterns in social structure of Caribbean reef sharks at a remote atoll in Belize,
Central America. Sharks were tagged with five-year internal acoustic transmitters at an acoustic array
and detections were recorded from 2007 - 2014. Network analysis showed high connectivity among
sharks. Weak community structure was identified, though communities could not be distinguished by
demographic characteristics. Analysis of receiver connectivity showed patterns in habitat use and
movement overall and for individuals. Results indicate that proposed commercial development of the
atoll could disrupt major movement corridors of the resident sharks. This represents the first long-term
report of network analysis of multiple free-swimming sharks using passive acoustic telemetry.
KEYWORDS: Carcharhinus perezi, elasmobranch, MesoAmerican Reef, site-fidelity
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
20
Building Benefits for Birds and People: Ashton Lagoon Restoration Phase II
Construyendo Beneficios para las Aves y la Gente:
Fase II de la Restauración de Ashton Lagoon
Avantages de Construction pour les Oiseaux et des Personnes:
Ashton Lagoon Restauration Phase II
MARTIN BARRITEAU* and ORISHA JOSEPH
Sustainable Grenadines, Inc., Clifton Union Island, St. Vincent and the Grenadines.
ABSTRACT
Ashton Lagoon on Union Island was the last remaining and largest pristine mangrove ecosystem in St.
Vincent and the Grenadines. The abandonment of extensive marina construction works in 1994 left the
area severely damaged, causing disruption of water flow, increased turbidity, and damage to the island‟s
fisheries sector.
Sustainable Grenadines Inc. and key partners have been working with the community towards
restoration efforts for many years. They have engaged international experts regarding the monitoring of
water quality, seabird density, mangrove ecosystems and coastal dynamics, and used participatory
methods to tap into local knowledge, promote stakeholder buy-in and ensure maximum benefits for the
most vulnerable groups upon implementation. Their successes include the site‟s declaration as an
Important Bird and Biodiversity Area and a Specially Protected Areas and Wildlife (SPAW) site. The
organisation and its partners have received approval from the Government of St. Vincent and the
Grenadines to proceed with restoration work on January 7th, 2015. The works are scheduled to begin in
the latter months of 2015, and will involve the removal of approximately 4000 cubic metres of backfill
to restore water circulation, repurposing excavated material and sheet pilings to promote bird nesting,
and the installation of culverts and bridges to increase accessibility. Our presentation will describe the
conceptual baseline which has been laid, including the completion of drogue and bathymetric surveys,
the preparation of an adaptive management plan for the area, and the drafting of conceptual designs for
coastal engineering solutions which will be employed in the restoration works.
KEYWORDS: Protected areas, mangroves, seabirds, water quality, rehabilitation
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
21
Fish Assemblages Around a Small Caribbean Island Show Improvements Following
Decades of Disturbance: Results of a 25-year Monitoring Project
Estructura Comunitaria de Peces en una Pequeña Isla del Caribe Muestra Mejoras Tras
Décadas de Perturbación: Resultados de un Proyecto de Monitoreo de 25 años
Les Assemblages de Poissons sur une Petite île des Caraïbes Montrent des Améliorations
Après des Décennies de Perturbation : Résultats D'un Projet de Surveillance de 25 Ans
JAMES BEETS*
1, JEFF MILLER
2, and ALAN FRIEDLANDER
3
1University of Hawaii-Hilo, 200 W. Kawili Street, Hilo, Hawaii 96720 USA. *[email protected].
2NPS South Florida/Caribbean Network, Virgin Islands National Park,
1300 Cruz Bay Creek, St. John, US Virgin Islands 00830 USA. 3National Geographic Society, University of Hawaii-Manoa,
Edmonson Hall, Room 216, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822 USA.
ABSTRACT
The coral reefs around St John, US Virgin Islands, have been impacted by numerous disturbances over
the past several decades, including hurricanes/storms, bleaching, coral disease, and intense fishing.
Fortunately, a large portion of the island and coastal waters is protected within national park units, so
coastal development and fishing effort is reduced in those portions. In response to the devastating impact
of Hurricane Hugo in 1989, a monitoring project was initiated on four reference reefs around the island.
Fish assemblages were greatly affected by habitat destruction caused by Hurricane Hugo, which greatly
reduced physical structure of numerous reefs. Reefs have also suffered extreme coral cover loss from
subsequent bleaching and disease events (over 60% loss). Following an initial period of flux after
Hurricane Hugo, 20-year trends show significant increases in fish abundance and biomass. Significant
increases in biomass were observed for most trophic groups (herbivores, secondary consumers, large
predators) and several families (parrotfishes, surgeonfishes, grunts, jacks, snappers, groupers). Trends
were similar among the four reference reefs, with some exceptions on the less protected and resilient
reefs. Improved monitoring in the region will allow for better context among spatial scales and support
collaborative management efforts.
KEYWORDS: Coral, reef, fishes, Caribbean, monitoring
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
22
Improving Long-term Coral Reef Monitoring in the Wider Caribbean Region:
Initial GCRMN-Caribbean Accomplishments
Mejora del Monitoreo a Largo Plazo de Arrecifes de Coral en la Región del Gran Caribe:
Logros Iniciales del GCRMN-Caribe
Amélioration à Long Terme du Suivi des Récifs Coralliens dans la Grande Région
Caraibe: Progrès Initiaux du GCRMN-Caraibe
JULIE BELMONT*
1, MARIA PENA
2, ALESSANDRA VANZELLA-KHOURI
3,
and RUBEN TORRES4
1CAR-SPAW / UNEP-CEP, GCRMN-Caribbean, Parc National de la Guadeloupe - Montéran Saint-
Claude, Guadeloupe 97120 France (FWI). * [email protected]. 2CERMES -UWIGCRMN-Caribbean, St. Michaels, Barbados.
3UNEP-CEP SPAW Secretariat, GCRMN-Caribbean, UNEP CAR/RCU,
14-20 Port Royal Street, Kingston, Jamaica. 4Reef Check Dominican Republic, GCRMN-Caribbean, Prol Fantino Falco #5,
Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic.
ABSTRACT
Long-term and robust coral reef monitoring coupled with strategic reporting are essential drivers for
ecosystem-based management and regional policy processes. The Global Coral Reef Monitoring
Network (GCRMN) report, Status and Trends of Caribbean Coral Reefs 1970-2012, highlighted the
weaknesses of regional coral reef monitoring due partly to reduced functionality of GCRMN in the
Caribbean. To address the urgent need for more effective coral reef monitoring and reporting there has
been a move towards revitalizing the Caribbean component of the GCRMN. The initiative to revitalize
the Caribbean network was launched in August 2014, along with concrete proposals for improvements in
data collection, archiving and communication. Several technical and scientific solutions have been
proposed to address the lack of information and dissemination, and inconsistency in applying monitoring
methods and approaches throughout the region. This first year of the GCRMN-Caribbean has seen the
confirmation of a dynamic network, which has been bolstering its presence and regional
acknowledgement through its broadening participation in this regional effort. An expert steering
committee and members-at-large have enabled the network to achieve substantial progress. GCRMN
methods have been improved and applied at several sites; communication and experience sharing have
increased considerably; capacity building actions have been identified and developed; and there has been
collaboration with major Caribbean programmes. This paper reports on the progress towards revitalizing
the GCRMN-Caribbean , its initial achievements, as well as network challenges and next steps for 2016.
KEYWORDS: Coral reef, GCRMN-Caribbean, monitoring
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
23
Monitoring Guidelines for Long-term Understanding of Status and
Trends of Caribbean Coral Reefs
Lineamientos de Monitoreo para el Entendimiento a Largo Plazo del
Estado y las Tendencias de los Arrecifes Coralinos del Caribe
Lignes Directrices pour un Suivi à Long Terme de L'etat et de
L'evolution des Récifs Corraliens dans les Caraïbes
JULIE BELMONT*
1, JEAN-PIERRE MARÉCHAL
2, PAUL HOETJES
3, and ANDY ESTEP
4
1CAR-SPAW / UNEP-CEP, GCRMN-Caribbean, Parc National de la Guadeloupe - Montéran Saint-
Claude, Guadeloupe 97120 France (FWI.)* [email protected]. 2Nova Blue Environment, GCRMN-Caribbean, 14 rue Chery Rosette Fond Lahaye,
Schoelcher 97 233 Martinique (FWI) 3National Office for the Caribbean, GCRMN-Caribbean, Bonaire, Netherlands.
4The Waitt Institute, GCRMN-Caribbean, Washington, D.C. USA.
ABSTRACT
Conclusions from the UNEP/IUCN Global Coral Reef Monitoring Network (GCRMN) report, Status
and Trends of Caribbean Coral Reefs 1970-2012, pointed out several limitations of the coral reef
monitoring conducted in the Caribbean. In particular, it highlighted the inconsistency in application of
common monitoring methods and approaches throughout the region.To date, monitoring programmes
often collect non-overlapping types of data, or the efforts have limited comparibility for describing
similar aspects of the reef ecosystem. From this assessment, the GCRMN-Caribbean, revitalized in 2014,
has agreed that there is great value in coordinating and standardizing future monitoring efforts. To this
end, minimum as well as prefered coral reef monitoring guidelines for ecological and socioeconomic
data collection were established. These methods were built on the experience and lessons learned from
long established and well vetted scientific protocols, and seek to provide a compromise between
practical applicability and ease of comparison between existing methods and long-term datasets. We
attempt in this poster to offer an overview of the proposed set of parameters and data collection
techniques for ecological monitoring to be used by GCRMN-Caribbean members. Regular analysis of
data and reporting will support and better inform local coral reef management and conservation efforts.
By regularly collecting information about these elements across multiple locations, it will be possible to
more efficiently describe the status of coral reef health in the Caribbean at any given time, as well as to
provide likely future trajectories.
KEYWORDS: GCRMN, Caribbean, coral reef, monitoring, guidelines
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
24
Participation of Private Sector in Financing of Marine Protected Areas:
Initial Findings from the Blue-finance Project
Participación del Sector Privado en el Financiameinto de Áreas Marinas Protegidas:
Resultados Iniciales del Proyecto Financiero Azul
Participation du Secteur Privé dans le Financement des Aires Marines Protégées:
Résultats Initiaux du Projet Blue-finance
JULIE BELMONT*
1, NICOLAS PASCAL
2, MELISA BOS
2,
ANGELIQUE BRATHWAITE2, and TANYA BRIAN
3
1CAR-SPAW / UNEP-CEP, Parc National de la Guadeloupe - Montéran Saint-Claude, Guadeloupe
97120 France (FWI).* [email protected]. 2Blue-finance Project, Marine Biodiversity Finance, Foster Hall, St John, Barbados.
3GRID-Arendal, Postboks 183 N-4802, Arendal, Norway.
ABSTRACT
Many recent studies have confirmed that total funding for protected areas and biodiversity conservation
has to be increased dramatically to achieve the targets set at national levels. Today, 80% of biodiversity
finance is generated from public sector mechanisms. Although these mechanisms could scale-up in the
future, market-based mechanisms have a greater potential to increase in scale.The marine and coastal
environment have very few practical experience of financing biodiversity with private sector and, to
date, few tourism or private co-funded marine reserves are reported. The real potential of such
instruments has still to be proven and many aspects have to be analyzed to propose concrete funding
opportunities adapted to the “for-profit” supply side and compatible with conservation targets. One of
the main priorities for the next years is therefore to provide empirical experiences of conservation
funding mechanisms with impact investors and tourism industry. The Bluefinance Project, supported by
the United Nations Environmental Programme (UNEP) and BlueSolutions, represents a portfolio of
projectsdeveloping financing mechanisms for conservation and management. We present here the initial
findings from this initiative, which is dedicated to test new solutions for MPA financing in the Caribbean
Region within a pilot site in Barbados. Results show that priorities are to setup models of Public-Private
Partnerships (PPPs) to define clearly the management of funds as well as marine tenures. This
preliminary step should be defined before designing Payement for Ecosystem Services or other financial
mechanisms with potential investors such as the tourism industry, real estate owners or impact investors.
KEYWORDS: MPA financing, public-private, impact investments, Bluefinance
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
25
Lionfish Hunting Behavior Across Multiple Habitats:
Effect of Local Lionfish Density and Implications for Native Fishes
Comportamiento de Caza del Pez León en Múltiples Hábitats:
Efecto de la Densidad Local del Pez León e Implicaciones para Peces Nativos
Comportement de Chassedu Poisson-lion ê Travers Plusieurs Habitats:
Effet de la Densité Locale du Poisson-lion et Implications pour les Poissons Indigênes
CASSANDRA BENKWITT*
1 and MARK HIXON
2
1Oregon State University, Department of Integrative Biology, 3029 Cordley Hall, Corvallis, Oregon
97331 USA. * [email protected]. 2University of Hawaii at Manoa, Department of Biology, 2538 McCarthy Mall,
EDM 216, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822 USA.
ABSTRACT
Invasive predators often reach higher abundances in their invaded ranges than their native ranges, which
may lead to changes in their hunting behavior with subsequent consequences for prey populations. If
there is increased competition for food at higher densities, then invasive predators may spend more time
hunting and/or forage over broader distances, which could change what prey are vulnerable to predation.
The Indo-Pacific red lionfish (Pterois volitans) is an invasive marine predatory fish that has reached
extremely high densities in parts of the Western Atlantic and causes reductions in native fish populations
on coral reefs. To determine whether lionfish hunting behavior changes at different local densities, we
conducted observations of lionfish on coral patch reefs in The Bahamas. At higher densities, a higher
proportion of lionfish hunted at dusk and a higher proportion of lionfish foraged in habitats surrounding
patch reefs at dawn and dusk. To determine whether these movements affect native prey fishes, we
conducted a manipulative field experiment by maintaining 8 patch reefs with low lionfish densities and 8
reefs with high lionfish densities and monitoring native fish communities at varying distances from the
reefs. Lionfish first depleted prey fishes on patch reefs, and subsequently caused reductions in prey
fishes on small structures up to 35 m away from reefs. These results suggest that lionfish feed
substantially in the habitats surrounding coral patch reefs, especially at higher local lionfish densities,
and are therefore having broader negative effects on native fish communities than previously
documented.
KEYWORDS: Lionfish, predation, foraging behavior, density, invasive species
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
26
Using the Dive Industry as a Tool for Successful Lionfish Management
in Bonaire National Marine Park
Uso de la Industria de Buceo como Herramienta para la Gestión Exitosa
del Pez León en el Parque Nacional Marino de Bonaire
Utilisation de L‟industrie Plonge Bouteille comme un Outil de Gestion
avec du Succès de Lionfish à Bonaire Parc National Marin
PAULO ROBERTO BERTUOL
STINAPA Bonaire, Barkadera, 10 kralendijk, Bonaire 000 Dutch Caribbean.
ABSTRACT
The BNMP had a lionfish control plan in place before their arrival in October 2009. In April of 2009, the
BNMP organized workshops for stakeholders, including the dive businesses. Conversations with
government agencies began and, less than a year later, new spearfishing legislation was sanctioned. Dive
staff, visitors and local residents were involved and when the first lionfish was sighted, the control plan
was launched. Workshops were organized, lionfish education was included in dive orientations, and
approximately 400 ELF tools were distributed. The program began with divers sighting, marking and
reporting lionfish while marine park staff undertook their removal. An important aspect of the program
was a close working relationship with the dive industry. Dive centers offered Lionfish Awareness
courses that generated income and kept a constant recruitment of volunteers. To boost the enthusiasm of
its volunteers, the BNMP offered lionfish derbies in the no-diving reserves and other difficult to access
areas. A successful derby and lionfish tasting event was organized in 2014, which created awareness and
demand for lionfish as a culinary choice among locals. Currently, some licensed hunters sell lionfish for
profit, but most engage in lionfish hunting as a means of supporting reef conservation and there is not a
steady supply of lionfish to restaurants as anticipated. BNMP‟s management plan resulted in a decreased
density of lionfish at shallower depths but densities did not change on the deeper reef. This suggests that
controlling lionfish in deeper waters might be the next step for Bonaire‟s strategy of control.
KEYWORDS: Lionfish, management, control, divers, Bonaire
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
27
Using Ecosystem Valuation Tools to Establish Protected Areas, Enact Species
Conservation, and Implement Resilience Management Schemes
on a Small Island Developing Nation
Uso de Herramientas de Valoración de los Ecosistemas para Establecer Áreas Protegidas,
Promulgar las Conservación de Especies y Aplicar Planes de Manejo Resilientes en
Pequeños Estados Insulares en Desarrollo
Utilisation des Outils D'évaluation des Écosystèmes pour Établir des Zones Protégées,
Promulguer Conservation des Espèces et Mettre en Œuvre des Systèmes de Gestion de la
Résilience sur un Pays en Développement Insulaires
TADZIO BERVOETS
Nature Foundation – St. Maarten, Welsburg Street # 1, Units 56-58 Cole Bay, St. Maarten.
ABSTRACT
The government of St. Maarten recently established the country‟s first national park, protecting 1,500
hectares of coral reefs and sea grasses. An analysis quantifying the economic value of the proposed
park‟s tourism, using WRI‟s coral reef valuation method, played a key role in this establishment. St.
Maarten‟s reefs have been degrading due to coastal development, climate change and overfishing. In
2010, the St. Maarten Nature Foundation began campaigning for an MPA, using a WRI methodology to
show that marine ecosystems contribute US$58 million a year to the country‟s economy. Reef-related
tourism, including diving and snorkeling, is central to St. Maarten‟s economy. Reefs and coralline
beaches attract 2 million visitors a year, and tourism directly or indirectly employs 75 percent of the
country‟s population. Reefs and sea grass also nurture fisheries worth US$2 million per year, providing
an important source of food and livelihoods for islanders. Using the results of the Ecosystem Valuation
Analysis, the Nature Foundation was also able to implement and enforce management actions to reflect
the importance of individual species. Values were placed on sharks in particular, protecting them in
territorial waters. Results of the study were also incorporated in Coral Reef Resiliency programs, in
particular the Nature Foundation‟s Coral Bleaching response Plan, which outlines management actions
to ensure coral reef resilience as it relates to climate change, in particular wide scale bleaching events
such as those encountered in 2005 and to a lesser extent in 2010.
KEYWORDS: Coral reefs, economic valuation, ecosystem servioces, sharks, St. Maarten
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
28
The Dutch Caribbean “Save Our Sharks” Shark Conservation Project
El Proyecto de Conservación de Tiburones en el Caribe Holandes
Le Projet de Conservation de Requin Caraïbes Néderlandais Save Our Sharks
TADZIO BERVOETS
Nature Foundation – St. Maarten, Welsburg Street # 1, Units 56-58 Cole Bay, St. Maarten.
ABSTRACT
All six islands of the Dutch Caribbean received funding to assist with the effort of shark conservation on
all six islands of the Dutch Caribbean; Saba, Sint Eustatius, Sint Maarten, Curacao, Aruba, and Bonaire.
The Dutch Caribbean Save our Sharks effort may be the first to attempt a concerted regional approach in
the global endeavor to save sharks and is one of the five major shark conservation projects running
globally.In the Dutch Caribbean, sharks face numerous threats from poaching, finning, overfishing and
coastal development reducing the number of species, including on islands with long standing MPA\'s
such as Bonaire. The project will focus on Science: learning more about shark species using various
methods including satellite tagging and BRUV surveys; Education: helping residents learn about the
importance of sharks; and Legislation: legally protecting sharks throughout the six islands and ensuring
that that protection is adequately enforced. Island conservation organizations that form the Dutch
Caribbean conservation alliance will work with fishermen, local communities, and scientists to study
local shark populations. The knowledge they gain will be shared with regional decision makers and other
island stakeholders in an effort to create shark sanctuaries throughout the Dutch Caribbean
seas.Conservationists also will work to create different ways for islanders to benefit from the presence of
sharks in Dutch Caribbean waters, such as making them a part of the dive tourism industry.
KEYWORDS: Shark conservation, Dutch Caribbean, sharks, MPA's, species management
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
29
Investigating the Age Frequency, Growth, and PAH Levels of Roughtongue Bass,
Pronotogrammus martinicensis, Following the Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill
Investigando la Frecuencia de Edad, el Crecimiento y Los Niveles de HAP en Serrano
lengua rasposa, Pronotogrammus martinicensis Después del Derrame de Petroleo del
Deepwater Horizon
Enquêter sur de Fréquence de L'âge, de Croissance et de HAP les Niveaux de
L'roughtongue, Pronotogrammus martinicensis, Suivants le Déversement
de Pétrole de Deepwater Horizon
LINDSAY BIERMANN*, STEPHEN SZEDLMAYER, and MARK ALBINS
Auburn University, 8300 State Hwy., 104, Fairhope, Alabama 36532 USA.
ABSTRACT
The roughtongue bass, Pronotogrammus martinicensis, is an ecologically important deep-water reef fish
species in the northern Gulf of Mexico. The 2010 Deepwater Horizon (DWH) oil spill may have
exposed this small reef fish to potentially harmful hydrocarbons on deep reef areas close to the spill site.
However, there has been limited study of the potential effects on roughtongue bass. The present study
examined age frequency, growth and PAH levels of roughtongue bass collected near the DWH spill site.
Seasonal samples of roughtongue bass were collected in Oct - Sep 2014 (n = 190), December 2014 (n =
249), March 2015 (n = 310) and June - July 2015 (n = 360). Standard length ranged from 54 to 122 mm
(n = 1109). Based on otolith increment counts, age frequencies showed that roughtongue captured in the
fall surveys (n = 437) were dominated by the 2010 and 2011-year classes. Growth rates were estimated
with von Bertalanffy growth relation and showed K = 0.27 and Linf = 124. PAH analysis detected no
PAH presence. Based on age frequencies, growth rates, and PAH levels estimated for roughtongue bass,
we failed to detect any significant effects of the deep water horizon spill on these deep water reef
species.
KEYWORDS: Roughtongue bass, Deepwater Horizon oil spill, age, growth, PAH
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
30
Functional Migration Areas:
Dog and Cubera Snapper Spawning Aggregations in the U.S. Virgin Islands
Áreas Funcionales de Migración:
Los Pargos Perro y Cubera en las Agregaciones Reproductivas de las Islas Vírgenes de
EE.UU
Zones de Migration Fonctionnels:
vivaneaux dent de chien et vivaneau cubera fraient dans les Iles Vierges Américaines
CHRISTOPHER BIGGS*
1 and RICHARD NEMETH
2
1University of Texas at Austin, Marine Science Institute, 750 Channel View Drive,
Port Aransas, Texas 78373 USA. * [email protected]. 2University of the Virgin Islands, Center for Marine and Environmental Studies,
2 John Brewer's Bay, St. Thomas 00803 US Virgin Islands.
ABSTRACT
Functional migration areas describe movements of reef fish to spawning aggregations as well as the
spatial distribution of fish within spawning areas and can offer insight to the ecological connectivity of
habitats, distribution of resources, population dynamics and management opportunities within a system.
We used acoustic telemetry to track dog snapper Lutjanus jocu and Cubera snapper Lutjanus
cyanopterus between three sites along the Puerto Rican Shelf in the Caribbean from June to December
2014. Fish were tagged at a spawning aggregation site, and then tracked across three arrays of
receivers. Both aggregations showed tight site fidelity; residing within the 1.4 - 1.5 km2
spawning area
up to 90% of the time. Four fish were detected 28 km to the southwest, and a different group of four L.
cyanopterus were detected at an array 25 km to the east of the tagging site. Conservative estimates of
the catchment area, based on the detections that were the furthest from the aggregation site, were 787
km2 for L. cyanopterus and 472 km
2 for L. jocu. The maximum possible catchment area was 8,666 km
2,
which was based on swim speed and time absent from the aggregation site. These estimates of
catchment area for L. jocu and L. cyanopterus indicate that management of the fishery may be uniquely
difficult as these fish may be crossing jurisdictions from the U.S. Virgin Islands to Puerto Rico and the
British Virgin islands. However, protection of the spawning site may be highly effective given the tight
site fidelity of both species.
KEYWORDS: Acoustic telemetry, catchment area, reproduction, Marine Protected Areas
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
31
Potential Climate Change Effects on Coastal Small-scale Fisheries
and on the Exploited Biodiversity in French Guiana
Efecto Potencial del Cambio Climático en la Pesca Costera Artesanal
y en la Biodiversidad Explotada en la Guayana Francesa
Scénario D'impact du Changement Climatique sur la Pêche Côtière
et la Biodiversité Halieutique en Guyane
FABIAN BLANCHARD*
1, ABDOUL CISSÉ
2, OSCAR PRADO-MERINI
1, and LUC DOYEN
2
1Ifremer – Domaine Suzini, BP 477 Cayenne Cedex, French Guiana 97334 France.
*[email protected]. 2Université Bordeaux,UMR – GREThA, Bordeaux, France.
ABSTRACT
At the global scale, considering biodiversity loss and erosion because of overexploitation, habitat
alteration, climate change, pollution and invasive species, there is an urgent need to develop an
ecosystem based fisheries management. In French Guyana, the long term increase of the demand for sea
food due to the population growth, and the impacts of climate change yet observed for marine
biodiversity question the ecosystem capacity to insure food security and economic viability of the coastal
small-scale fisheries without alteration. To bring some answers to this question, a bio-economic model
has been developed, with the population dynamics of the main species exploited, their trophic
interactions, an impact of the temperature on population growth and fishing mortalities according to the
various coastal fleets, including foreign IUU fleets. The model was calibrated using the landings and
fishing efforts observed daily on all the coastal fisheries landing points since 2006 by Ifremer, the IUU
fishing efforts observed by the French National Marine and data from literature. Simulations show that i)
co-viability of biodiversity and fisheries is possible but ii) the IUU fleets compromise this viability
altering biodiversity, and iii) climate change accelerates the biodiversity alteration and loss.
KEYWORDS: Coastal small-scale fisheries, climate change, IUU fishing, scenarios, biodiversity
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
32
Preliminary Observations of Lionfish Behavior and Attraction
for Lionfish Aggregating Devices (LADs)
Observaciones Preliminares sobre el Comportamiento del Pez León y la Atracción por
Dispositivos Concentradores de Peces León (LADS)
Observations Préliminaires Du Comportement Et De L‟activité Des Poissons-Lionfish par
les Dispositifs de Concentration de Poissons-Lionfish (LADS)
ALEX K. BOGDANOFF1,2
, LAD AKINS3, STEVE GITTINGS
4, STEPHANIE GREEN
5,
CRAIG A. LAYMAN2, and JAMES A. MORRIS, JR.
1
1NOAA – National Ocean Service, 101 Pivers Island Rd., Beaufort, North Carolina 28516 USA.
[email protected]. 2 North Carolina State University, Department of Applied Ecology, 123 David Clark Labs,
Raleigh, North Carolina. 27695 USA. [email protected]. 3Reef Environmental Education Foundation, 98300 Overseas Hwy., Key Largo, Florida 33037 USA.
[email protected]. 4 NOAA, National Marine Sanctuaries, 1305 East West Hwy., Silver Spring, Maryland 20910 USA.
[email protected]. 6Oregon State University, Department of Zoology, Corvallis, Oregon 97331 USA.
ABSTRACT
The majority of lionfish control has been through diver-based removals. This strategy is successful
at reducing densities and minimizing impacts on specific reefs. However, due to costs, limited bottom
time and operable depths, this alone is not an effective large-scale (kilometers of reef) control technique.
Lionfish exhibit high association with a variety of natural and artificial structures. Observations in
Florida, Gulf of Mexico, and The Bahamas suggest lionfish may actually prefer artificial structure over
natural. Based on these observations, we hypothesized that artificial structure could be used to attract
lionfish and aggregate them around the structures. To test this hypothesis, we are experimentally testing
two Lionfish Aggregating Device (LAD) types (a vertical and horizontal design) across several
kilometers of seagrass, patch reef, continuous coral reef, and hard-bottom habitats in the Florida Keys
and North Carolina. To support field work, we are conducting laboratory trials in 15,000 and 30,000 liter
aquaria to test lionfish preference for different LAD designs and various attractants (sounds, decoys, and
lights). Preliminary laboratory results, based on nine individual (single lionfish) and nine group (five
lionfish) trials, suggest lionfish do have strong preference for one structure over the other, but preference
changes as the number of lionfish increases. If successful, LADs will provide an opportunity for
spearfisheres to perform targeted removals, particularly at deeper depths. Managers will be able to
incorporate LADs into ongoing control strategies. LADs would allow for control across several
kilometers of habitat and will help maximize efficiency in areas where resources are limited.
KEYWORDS: Lionfish aggregation, large-scale control, lionfish behavior
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
33
Ecological Role and Conservation of the Atlantic's Only Reef Shark, Carcharhinus perezi
Funcion Ecologica y la Conservacion del Único Tiburon Arrecifal del Atlantico,
Carcharhinus perezi
Role Ecologique et de la Conservation du Requin de Recife de L'Atlantique, Carcharhinus
perezi
MARK BOND*
1, ELIZABETH BABCOCK
2, NIGEL HUSSEY
3,
JASMINE VALENTIN4, and DEMIAN CHAPMAN
4
1Florida International University, 11200 SW 8th Street, Miami, Florida 33199 USA.
*[email protected]. 2Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences, University of Miami – RSMAS,
4600 Rickenbacker Causeway, Miami, Florida 33149 USA. 3Great Lakes Institute for Environmental Research, University of Windsor, 401 Sunset Avenue,
Windsor, Ontario N9B 3PY Canada. 4School of Marine and Atmospheric Science, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11790
USA.
ABSTRACT
Several species of requiem shark (F. Carcharhinidae) have evolved to live exclusively in coral reef
ecosystems. While there are several species of these "reef sharks" in the Indo-Pacific, there is only one in
the Western Hemisphere, the Caribbean reef shark (Carcharhinus perezi). Increasingly the target of
artisanal and small-scale fisheries in the region, it is also the mainstay of a regional shark dive tourism
industry that generates hundreds hundreds of millions dollars annually. Despite this and its purported
role as an apex predator, we lack basic information on the trophic ecology and conservation biology of
Caribbean reef sharks. We addressed gaps in our knowledge by combining multiple approaches to study
this species in Belize. Baited remote underwater video (BRUV) and longline surveys coupled with
passive acoustic telemetry were first used to show the effectiveness of marine resrves in conserving this
species. Elevated reef shark abundance observed in specific habitats within reserves then provide a
natural experiment to investigate the effects of this predator on the distribution and the behaviour of a
potential prey item (stingrays). Other researchers hypothesized that this species exerts top-down control
over large bodied, gape-limited teleosts with shark removal potentially initiating trophic cascades.
Carbon (d13C) and nitrogen (d15N) stable istopes were used to examine trophic relationships between
Caribbean reef sharks, great barracuda and two species of grouper. Results refute the hypothesis that
Caribbean reef sharks prey heavily on these species and suggest substantial overlap in diet and functional
redundancy between these predators.
KEYWORDS: Coral reefs, ecology, marine reserves, BRUVs, risk effects
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
34
Biología Reproductiva de la Raya Eléctrica Narcine entemedor,
en la Bahía de La Paz, BCS, México
Reproductive Biology of the Electric Ray Narcine entemedor,
in the Bay of La Paz, BCS, Mexico
Biologie de la Reproduction du Ray électrique Narcine entemedor,
dans la Baie de La Paz, BCS, Mexico
ITZIGUERI BURGOS
CICIMAR IPN, Av Instituto Politecnico Nacional, Conchalito 23094,
La Paz, BCS, Baja CS 23094 Mexico. [email protected].
RESUMEN Narcine entemedor es una especie de batoideo capturada durante todo el año en el sureste del Golfo de
California; sin embargo, carece de una normativa pesquera y es catalogada como una especie con “Datos
Deficientes” por la Unión Internacional para la Conservación de la Naturaleza (IUCN). Considerando
que la información sobre aspectos reproductivos son fundamentales para el desarrollo de modelos de
manejo efectivo, en este estudio se describe la biología reproductiva de N. entemedor en la Bahía de La
Paz, México. Las muestras provienen de individuos capturados en la pesca artesanal de octubre de 2013
a mayo de 2015. Los organismos fueron sexados, pesados y medidos en su longitud total (LT); las
gónadas fueron extraídas y fijadas en formalina al 10% y posteriormente fueron analizadas,
considerando su desarrollo. Se registraron 158 hembras y 19 machos, entre 46 y 84 cm LT; la proporción
sexual fue de ocho hembras por cada macho. Las gónadas de las hembras se clasificaron en cuatro
estados de desarrollo ovárico y seis estados en el útero. La talla mediana de madurez en hembras fue de
59,0 cm LT. Los mayores valores del índice gonadosomático se registraron en junio y julio; sin embargo,
no se encontraron diferencias significativas entre los meses. La fecundidad uterina varió entre 1 y 24
embriones, con un promedio de 9.4 embriones por hembra. Con base en sus características biométricas y
macroscópicas, se definieron tres estados de desarrollo ontogénico de los embriones (temprano, medio y
tardío), y una talla de nacimiento estimada entre 11.0 y 14.5 cm LT.
PALABRAS CLAVES: Biología reproductiva, batoideo, raya eléctrica, talla mediana de madurez,
ontogenia
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
35
Monitoring the Spawning Aggregation at Northeast Point, Glover‟s Reef Atoll
Through a Collaborative Approach
Seguimiento de una Agregación Reproductiva en Punto Noreste, Atolón de Glover,
a Través de un Enfoque Participativo
Suivi de L' Agrégation de Frai au Northeast Point, Atoll de Glover
Grâce à une Approche Collaborative
VIRGINIA BURNS PEREZ* and ALEXANDER TEWFIK
Wildlife Conservation Society, 1755 Coney Drive, Belize City, Belize. *[email protected].
ABSTRACT
The Belize Spawning Aggregation Working Group has been in existence since 2001. For the past
fourteen years, this group of conservation NGOs, fisher organizations and the Belize Fisheries
Department have collaborated and made significant progress in the protection and management of
thirteen of Belize‟s reef fish spawning aggregation sites. This includes advocating for important
legislation to protect the endangered Nassau Grouper (Epinephelus striatus). Northeast Point, Glover‟s
Reef Atoll, is one of the last viable spawning aggregation sites for Nassau Grouper in Belize. In 2005,
the Wildlife Conservation Society initiated a monitoring program to assess the status of the Nassau
Grouper at the Northeast Point. The results of data gathered over eleven spawning seasons (2005 - 2015)
have been used to inform management decisions including harvestable minimum and maximum size
limits (i.e. slot size) for Nassau Groupers across Belize. Future plans for the monitoring program will be
discussed (e.g. telemetry) along with the accomplishments and challenges of the Belize Spawning
Aggregation Working Group.
KEYWORDS: Nassau grouper, spawning aggregation, marine protected areas
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
36
Efforts to Trap Invasive Lionfish Near Boat Docks on Little Cayman
Los Esfuerzos para Atrapar al Pez León Invasor Cerca de los Muelles en Little Caimán
Les Efforts pour Piéger poisson-Lionfish Invasive Près de Quais sur Little Cayman
DREW BUTKOWSKI*
1, ALLISON CANDELMO
2, and KRISTI FOSTER
2
1University of Miami - RSMAS, 6420 SW 54th Street, Miami, Florida 33155 USA.
*[email protected]. 2Central Caribbean Marine Institute, Little Cayman Research Centre, North Coast Road,
Little Cayman KY3-2501 Cayman Islands.
ABSTRACT
Indo-Pacific lionfish, Pterois spp., have established themselves in the western Atlantic Ocean and
Caribbean Sea, and were first reported around Little Cayman in 2008. Weekly culling efforts focus
predominantly on coral reefs and neglect shallow water habitats such as seagrass beds. The efficacy of
two trap designs at capturing lionfish near boat docks bordering seagrass beds was evaluated. Over a 32-
day period, two lionfish were captured in small 18 cm minnow traps, and one was captured in a 91 x 61
x 38 cm shaded fish pot. Eight juvenile lionfish were captured using hand nets at the completion of the
study. All lionfish captured were sexually immature, had an average total length of 94.55 ± 23.90 mm,
and an average weight of 10.75 ± 7.93 g. Minnow traps had an average bycatch incidence of 18.52 ±
7.86% per site with an average of 0.296 ± 0.374 bycatch individuals per trap per day. Shaded fish pots
had an average bycatch incidence of 35.54 ± 18% per site with an average of 1.37 ± 1.46 bycatch
individuals per trap per day. Lionfish sightings at study sites decreased as water temperatures increased.
Results indicate that trapping of lionfish in seagrass habitats using minnow traps or shaded fish pots is
not a resource-efficient culling method. The small size and sexual immaturity of the lionfish captured
confirms previous observations that juvenile lionfish utilize seagrass beds. The protection of juvenile
native species from lionfish predation should be a priority of management goals. Next steps include
determining the recruitment rate of juvenile lionfish and investigating the use of aggregating structures
to increase the efficiency of hand netting.
KEYWORDS: Lionfish, traps, Little Cayman, juvenile lionfish, trap bycatch
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
37
La Protección de Sitios de Agregaciones Reproductivas de Peces en México
a través de la Participación Comunitaria
Protection of Fish Spawning Aggregation Sites in Mexico
Through Community Participation
Protection des Frayères de Poisson au Mexique
Grâce à la Participation Communautaire
JACOBO ALEJANDRO CAAMAL MADRIGAL* and STUART FULTON
Comunidad y Biodiversidad, A.C. Isla del Peruano 215, Colonia Lomas de Miramar Calle Carey SM10
MZ24 LT10, CP77580, Puerto Morelos, Quintana Roo, Mexico. *[email protected].
RESUMEN
Las agregaciones reproductivas de peces representan un proceso ecológico vulnerable, en algunas
especies los individuos viajan largas distancias para reproducirse en grandes grupos que ocurren en un
lugar y tiempo determinado por periodos cortos. En el Estado de Quintana Roo, México, se ha registrado
información de agregaciones reproductivas desde 1955, en donde se hace referencia a eventos de
corridas masivas o sitios de agregaciones, en la actualidad unas cuantas aún existen y se han logrado
verificar, otras aún no se encuentran. Lo cierto es que toda esta información la tienen los pescadores, que
al día de hoy aunque de manera muy reservada la comparten y colaboran en el proceso búsqueda,
verificación y en la mayoría de los casos, en las propuestas de manejo. Comunidad y Biodiversidad A.C.,
realiza desde el 2008 en colaboración con pescadores acciones para la protección de estas zonas. En la
actualidad junto con seis cooperativas pesqueras en cuatro comunidades se ha logrado realizar talleres de
búsqueda de agregaciones reproductivas a través de batimetría para elaborar mapas en tercera dimensión
del fondo marino y buceos de verificación de posibles sitios, con lo que se ha confirmado la existencia
de al menos 6 zonas de agregación de 7 especies comerciales. A la fecha uno de estos sitios ha quedado
protegido dentro de un refugio pesquero decretado en 2013 y que fue solicitado por los pescadores del
área. Así mismo se están realizando las tareas correspondientes para que sean protegidas todas las demás
áreas confirmadas como sitios de agregación.
PALABRAS CLAVES: Protecion, agregaciosnes, comunidades, pesqueras, participacion
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
38
Mapa de Riesgo sobre la Invasión de Pez León en el Caribe Mexicano:
Repercusiones y Oportunidad de Desarrollo
Risk Map of the Lionfish Invasion in the Mexican Caribbean:
Impact and Development Opportunity
Carte des Risques de L'invasion de Rascasse Volante dans la Mer des Caraïbes:
Impact et Opportunité de Développement
J. ADAN CABALLERO VAZQUEZ
Centro de Investigacion Cientifica de Yucatán, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados, Calle
8, No. 39, Mz. 29, S.M. 64 Km. 6 Antigua carretera a Progreso, Apdo. Postal 73, Cordemex, 97310,
Cancun, Quintana Roo 77500 México. [email protected].
RESUMEN
El pez león (Pterois volitans / miles complex) es una especie invasora que desde su primer registro en el
gran Caribe, a amenazado la integridad y biodiversidad de los ecosistemas. El pez león se ha convertido
en una década, en una de la especie invasora mas exitosas, afectando de forma inconsistente y aun poco
valorada, los ecosistemas arrecifes del Caribe mexicano. Se presenta un mapa de riesgo con en análisis
de los datos sobre la invasión de pez león en los sitios de estudio de la zona norte, centro y sur del Caribe
mexicano. La densidad poblacional de peces promedio por hectárea es heterogénea en la región, la
abundancia de peces no varia significativamente entre los sitios, pero si es significativa en un perfil de
profundidad vertical a la línea de costa. El numero de organismos por hectárea en el ANP de Banco
Chinchorro, zona sur (con alto nivel de conservación), es similar al reportado en Playa del Carmen, zona
centro (sin estatus de conservación), presentando en ambos sitios las mayores tallas y abundancias. En
Isla Contoy y Punta Nizuc (nivel medio de conservación), zona norte, la abundancia es menor con
respecto a la zona centro y sur. No hay correlaciones entre la densidad de la especie invasiva, la
complejidad de fondo o la biodiversidad entre zonas. Los resultados del análisis reflejan que se aplican
esfuerzos de control de la especie invasiva disimiles en cada zona. Se recomienda intensificar los
esfuerzos de control de la especie médiate su consumo y al mismo tiempo trabajar hacia una estrategia
de manejo integral única con un enfoque ecosistémico, donde la conservación de especies locales,
magnifiquen el control.
PALABRAS CLAVES: Pez león, especie invasora, Caribe mexicano, ANP, biodiversidad
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
39
Evaluación Espacial y Temporal de las Asociaciones
de Peces Arrecifales en Cuatro Localidades de Cuba
Spatial and Temporal Assessment of Reef Fish Associations in Four Locations in Cuba
Évaluation Spatiale et Temporelle des Associations de Poissons de Récif
dans Quatre Endroits à Cuba
DELMIS CABRERA* and PEDRO CHEVALIER
Acuario Nacional Cuba, Calle 60 y 1ra, La Habana 11300 Cuba.
RESUMEN
La pérdida de biodiversidad marina está estrechamente ligada a fenómenos antropogénicos como la
sobrepesca y la contaminación. Eliminar o disminuir estos factores se ha incluido entre las principales
tareas de los planes de manejo de las Áreas Protegidas Marinas (APM). Para evaluar la influencia de las
APM y la antropización sobre las asociaciones de peces en Cuba, se escogieron cuatro localidades: dos
incluidas en APM (Guanahacabibes, Pinar del Río y Bahía de Cochinos, Matanzas) y dos ubicadas en la
vecindad de grandes núcleos poblacionales (Miramar, La Habana y Puerto Padre, Las Tunas). En los
muestreos del 2010 al 2013 se realizaron censos visuales donde se obtuvo la talla estimada y la
abundancia por cada especie. Se calcularon los índices de diversidad y la biomasa, además de medirse el
estado de las especies comerciales, la composición por especies y por principales grupos tróficos. Se
encontraron diferencias significativas entre estaciones por año para los valores de biomasa. Aunque en
las APM se observó mayor diversidad, equitatividad y riqueza de especies, hay una localidad más
afectada que la otra. Esto podría deberse a la pesca furtiva y a la influencia de las poblaciones rurales
adyacentes. Por otro lado, las localidades cercanas a bahías y grandes ciudades mostraron altos niveles
de degradación que podría ser a causa de la sobrepesca y la contaminación. Esto evidenció un gradiente
de afectación cuyo aumento va desde las APM hacia la cercanía de los grandes núcleos poblacionales.
PALABRAS CLAVES : Peces arrecifales, Cuba
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
40
Condos and Connectivity: Developing an Interdisciplinary Approach to Guide Caribbean
Spiny Lobster (Panulirus argus) Fisheries Management Within the Bahamas
Las Casitas y la Conectividad: Desarrollando un Enfoque Interdisciplinario para
Informar el Manejo Pesquero de la Langosta (Panulirus argus) en las Bahamas
Condos et Connectivité: Développement D‟une Approche Interdisciplinaire
comme Outil D‟Information pour la Gestion de Pèches de la Langouste
(Panulirus argus) dans les Bahamas
KARLISA A. CALLWOOD
1, ANDREW S. KOUGH
2, and CLAIRE B. PARIS
1
1University of Miami – RSMAS, 4600 Rickenbacker Causeway, Miami, Florida 33149 USA.
*[email protected]. 2John G. Shedd Aquarium, 1200 South Lake Shore Drive, Chicago, Illinois 60605 USA.
ABSTRACT
Caribbean spiny lobster (Panulirus argus) is a heavily exploited seafood throughout its range. Its long
pelagic larval duration and thus potential for long-range dispersal increases the difficulty in determining
the origins of local populations and impairs management. Spiny lobster supports the primary fishery in
The Bahamas. In addition, the use of condos (or casitas) as a fishing method has increased in recent
years. Yet, the combination of the ecological, social, and management implications of condo usage have
not been fully evaluated. Here we present an interdisciplinary approach and assess how this novel
strategy can assist in the difficulties of designing sustainable management for spiny lobster in The
Bahamas. Emphasis is placed on the integration of anthropological and biophysical modeling
techniques, providing an example of how these merged tools can help understand ecological processes
while assisting management decisions. Simulations of larval dispersal for Bahamian spiny lobster
populations indicate dispersal distances (or dispersal kernel) of 200 - 400 km, with a 25% probability of
successful settlement. Surveys and semi-structured interviews of Bahamian fishers revealed five popular
areas for condo placement. Further connectivity assessments of these locations indicate higher rates of
settlement success for four sites. Two of these locations demonstrated a narrower dispersal kernel,
suggesting self-recruitment. However, the three remaining locations appear to depend on subsidies from
other spiny lobster populations throughout the Caribbean. These differences in connectivity suggest
each location be evaluated individually to determine spatially-dependent management actions, and to
effectively develop and implement condo-related policies that will be supported by local communities.
KEYWORDS: Caribbean spiny lobster, condos, connectivity, interdisciplinary, fisheries management
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
41
Assessing Exploitation of Nassau Grouper (Epinephelus striatus) Spawning Aggregations
Through Fishers‟ Knowledge and Landings Data
Evaluación de la Explotación de las Agregaciones Reproductivas del Mero de Nassau
(Epinephelus striatus) a Través del Conocimiento de Los Pescadores y el Análisis de los
Desembarques
Évaluation de L'exploitation des Agrégations de Frai de Mérou Rayé (Epinephelus
striatus) par les Connaissances des Pêcheurs et L'analyse des Débarquements
MARTA C. CALOSSO*
1 and JOHN A.B. CLAYDON
2
1Hopkins Marine Station, Stanford University, Department of Environment and Maritime Affairs,
120 Ocean View Blvd., Pacific Grove, California 93950 USA. *[email protected]. 2Department of Environment and Maritime Affairs, Providenciales, Turks & Caicos Islands.
ABSTRACT
Historically, Nassau grouper (Epinephelus striatus) was a key component of fisheries in the Wider
Caribbean Region. However, because of high fishing pressure particularly targeting spawning
aggregations, populations of E. striatus have declined dramatically throughout the region and the species
is regionally endangered. The Turks and Caicos Islands (TCI) have one of the healthiest populations of
Nassau grouper, which is assumed to be a consequence of low fishing pressure on spawning
aggregations since fishers mainly free-dive to target spiny lobster (Panulirus argus) and conch
(Strombus gigas). We conducted semi-structured interviews with local fishers and surveys of landings to
assess the degree to which aggregations were targeted. All fishers interviewed were aware that Nassau
grouper formed large schools seasonally, but only a subset had seen an aggregation, and relatively few
had fished one, using spear, trap, or hook-and-line. While a small number of trap boats have fished E.
striatus aggregations for decades, a select group of spear fishers have only recently started targeting
them. Although spear-fishing on aggregations appears to be increasing, there was unanimous stakeholder
support for a Nassau grouper closed season around presumed peak spawning months (Dec 1 to Feb 28).
The closed season comes into effect in 2015 and is expected to be most successful through a nationwide
ban on the sale or possession of Nassau grouper rather than through the ban on fishing itself, as has been
seen for the closed season for spiny lobster in the TCI.
KEYWORDS: Small scale fisheries, fisher knowledge, Nassau grouper, spawning aggregations, Turks &
Caicos Islands
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
42
Spawning Frequency of Invasive Lionfish (Pterois spp.)
Frecuencia de Desove del Pez León Invasor (Pterois spp.)
Fréquence de Reproduction des Poissons-lions Invasive (Pterois Spp.)
ALLISON CANDELMO*
1, TOM FRAZER
2, and DREW BUTKOWSKI
3
1Central Caribbean Marine Institute, P.O. Box 37, Little Cayman, KY3-2501 Cayman Islands.
*[email protected]. 2University of Florida, School of Natural Resources and Environment, Gainesville, Florida 32653 USA.
3University of Miami – RSMAS, 4600 Rickenbacker Causeway, Miami, Florida 33149 USA.
ABSTRACT
Rapid growth, early age at maturity, and high reproductive output has unquestionably contributed to the
establishment of lionfish along the eastern Atlantic seaboard, Gulf of Mexico and broader Caribbean
region. Estimates of spawning frequency for invasive lionfish to date range between 2.4 and 4.1 days.
Little attention has been focused, however, on the variability and uncertainty surrounding these estimates
and no temporal patterns in spawning frequency have yet been reported for any location. Toward that
end, we collected lionfish daily from the shallow waters (< 30 m) surrounding Little Cayman Island
between July 1 and August 12, 2015. We calculated spawning frequency each day (and for the entire
sampling period; 43 days) as the inverse of the spawning fraction, i.e., the quotient of the number of
mature females and the number of fish prepared to spawn as indicated by the presence of hydrated
oocytes. A total of 792 fish were collected of which 355 were females and 323 classified as mature
females. Of these, 184 had hydrated oocytes, which yielded an overall spawning frequency of 1.74 days.
As expected, the spawning fraction varied among days, with values ranging from 0.125 to 0.875.
Spawning frequency was directly correlated with total length of mature fish (r = 0.89) and highest values
were calculated for lionfish collected between the new and full moon phases. These findings will be of
interest to a broad suite of fisheries scientists and of particular value to resource managers using
population dynamics models to predict the efficacy of lionfish removals.
KEYWORDS: Lionfish, spawning, lunar, size, Cayman Islands
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
43
Relationship Between Habitat Complexity and Pterois spp. Densities in Parque Nacional
Marino de Punta Francés, Isla de la Juventud (Cuba)
Relación entre la Complejidad del Hábitat y las Densidades de Pterois spp en el Parque
Nacional Marino de Punta Francés, Isla de la Juventud (Cuba)
Relation Entre la Complexité de L'habitat et Densités de Pterois spp. dans le Parque
Nacional Marino de Punta Francés, Isla de la Juventud (Cuba)
GIULIA CARDOSO*
1, HOLLY TREW
2, and ROBERT FRANCIS
1
1Department of Geography, King's College London, Strand London, WC2R 2LS United Kingdom.
*[email protected]. 2Operation Wallace, Wallace House, Old Bolingbroke, Lincolnshire PE23 4EX United Kingdom.
ABSTRACT
The substantial costs involved in the eradication of the invasive lionfish (Pterois volitans and P. miles)
leave physical control measures (culling) as the only viable option to limit their populations and
associated impacts. To maximize culling effectiveness, identification of habitat types or characteristics
most correlated with lionfish presence would be beneficial. Reef complexity in particular is a
characteristic that is expected to affect lionfish numbers. This study investigated variations in lionfish
densities across habitat types of different complexity and attempted to determine at which scale (site vs.
structure) complexity best correlates with lionfish presence and abundance. The seven study sites in the
Parque Nacional Marino de Punta Francés, Isla de la Juventud (Cuba) included different habitat types
such as patchy reefs and reef slopes. Lionfish density for each site was calculated as the average number
of individuals found inside three 30 x 30 m sample areas. The same areas were sampled for rugosity, a
proxy for habitat complexity, by taking a measurement every 5 m along six 30 m transects. Rugosity was
also measured for every spot where lionfish were found inside the site. Preliminary analysis indicates
that site-scale habitat complexity does not significantly affect lionfish presence or density. At a structure
scale, however, lionfish appear to preferentially occupy highly complex reef elements such as overhangs
where they often congregate. These preliminary results suggest that focusing culling on sites where these
structures are present, rather than across more generic habitats, would maximise culling effectiveness.
KEYWORDS: Lionfish, Cuba, habitat preferences, lionfish control, invasion management
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
44
Stakeholder Perceptions on Lionfish (Pterois volitans) as a Threat to the Ecosystem and on
its Viability for Human Consumption in Quintana Roo, Mexico
Percepción de Usuarios sobre El Pez León (Pterois volitans) como Amenaza al Ecosistema
y sobre su Viabilidad para Consumo Humano en Quintana Roo, Mexico
Le poisson-lion (Pterois volitans) Perçu Comme Une Menace De L‟écosystem Par Les
Parties Prenantes Et Perception De Sa Viabilité Pour La Consommation Humaine à
Quintana Roo, Mexique
EVELYN CARRILLO-FLOTA* and ALFONSO AGUILAR-PERERA 1Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Km. 15.5, carretera Mérida-Xmatkuil,
Mérida, Yucatán 97100 México.* [email protected].
ABSTRACT
The invasion of red lionfish, Pterois volitans, in the Atlantic Ocean has generated high concern among
scientists, managers, and users. Environmental authorities have responded to the invasion by promoting
lionfish consumption as a measure of population control. The present study aimed to describe, through
questionnaires, interviews, and non-participant observation, perceptions of local stakeholders (fishermen,
restaurant owners, and fish consumers) on the lionfish as a threat to the marine ecosystem and its
potential for human consumption. This work described, for the first time, the stakeholder´s perceptions
in two coastal localities (Cozumel and Puerto Morelos) in the Mexican Caribbean where lionfish has
been traded and consumed. Results showed no differences between stakeholder´s opinions from the two
localities in part because these stakeholders recognize the problem of lionfish as a threat to the
ecosystem, have high willingness to consume it, and consider it a useful resource for the local economy.
The limiting factor for lionfish consumption among stakeholders is the high cost of its fillet. The
establishment of a market, with low expectations, may originate negative outcomes for addressing the
lionfish invasion. As consequence, stakeholders may have different perceptions which may undermine
efforts to manage the invasion. Public opinion can be a useful tool to understand the socio-ecological
context of stakeholders to face a biological invasion in order to improve the establishment of future
control strategies of marine invasive species in the region.
KEYWORDS: Pterois volitans, public perception, Yucatan Peninsula, lionfish consumption
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
45
Changes in Lionfish Prey Consumption
Cambios en el Consumo de Presas por el Pez León
Modifications dans la Consommation de Proies Lionfish
BERNARD CASTILLO II* and KYNOCH REALE-MUNROE
University of the Virgin Islands, RR1 Box 10000, Kingshill, US Virgin Islands 00850 USA.
ABSTRACT
The invasion of the Atlantic waters by the Indo-Pacific lionfish (Pterois volitans) began in the early
1990s off the coast of Florida. By 2008 the invasive lionfish made its way to the US Virgin Islands. On
November 25, 2008 the first confirmed Indo-Pacific lionfish was removed from Frederiksted Pier on St.
Croix, US Virgin Islands. Currently, the lionfish populations in the US Virgin Islands are well
established and have spread down the Lesser Antilles toward South America. This study investigated
potential temporal and spatial changes in prey consumption by lionfish culled from reefs surrounding St.
Croix. After observing gut contents of 542 lionfish in 2011 that were collected from the west end of St.
Croix and 86 lionfish from the northeast end in 2013, results indicated that lionfish preferred the same
top three prey items, regardless of location.
KEYWORDS: Lionfish, St. Croix, prey consumption, stomach contents, invasive species
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
46
La Situación Actual de la Pesca del Mero Cherna Epinephelus itajara, e Iniciativas para la
Conservación de la Especie en la Península de Yucatán, México
The Current Situation of the Fishing of the Goliath Grouper Epinephelus itajara, and
Initiatives for the Conservation of the Species in the Peninsula of Yucatan, Mexico
Situation Actuelle de la Pêche de la Simple Mérou Epinephelus itajara et Initiatives pour
la Conservation de L'espêce dans la Péninsule du Yucatan, au Mexique
BRYAN CECILIO* and EDELINK ABRIL ALVARADO ACOSTA
Instituto Tecnológico de Mérida, km5 carretera Mérida - Progreso Mérida, Yucatán 97118 México.
RESUMEN
El mero cherna Epinephelus itajara (Lichtenstein, 1822) es uno de los meros gigantes de la familia
Serranide. Su alta demanda como alimento ha conducido a su pesca a tal grado, que es muy rara la
captura, por lo que, se puede considerar sobreexplotada, aunado a la p&érdida de su hábitat,
contaminación y tasa de crecimiento lenta. No se tienen registros de datos de captura oficial y se
involucra a la especie entre todos los meros. Ante esta situación se realizaron entrevistas y encuestas y se
pudo demostrar que la captura es algo inusual, lo que demuestra que no se tiene conciencia de la
conservación de este recurso. Esta especie se encuentra enlistada en el libro rojo de la UICN como
especie amenazada en peligro crítico. En México, la pesca es permitida y considerada en la Carta
Nacional Pesquera 2012 dentro del grupo de los meros y normalizada bajo la norma NOM-065-PESC-
2006, donde se maneja permiso de pesca, la talla m&ínima y veda temporal del mero. En la Norma-059
SEMARNAT-2010 esta especie no se encuentra enlistada en ninguna categoría de riesgo en México.
Para no perder esta especie y biodiversidad, el propósito de este trabajo es presentar dos iniciativas de
ley: una para obtener una moratoria de pesca, hasta que se recupere el recurso y otra para incluirla en la
Norma Mexicana 059-SEMARNAT-2010. Se han tomado las siguientes acciones: 1. Formación de una
organización para la conservación de esta especie 2. Conservación del hábitat (manglar y sitios de
desove). 3. Acuerdos entre sectores y organizaciones para impartir cursos de educación y apoyo para la
moratoria. 4. Solicitar apoyo económico a organizaciones de protección a la naturaleza.
PALABRAS CLAVES: Mero cherna, Epinephelus itajara, moratoria, iniciativas
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
47
Global Fin Print
La Huella Global de la Aleta
Impression Globale de la Nageoire
DEMIAN CHAPMAN*1, MARK BOND
1, JASMINE VALENTIN-ALBANESE
1,
GINA CLEMENTI1, and MICHAEL HEITHAUS
2
1SOMAS, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11779 USA.
*[email protected]. 2Florida International University, 11200 SW 8th Street, Miami, Florida 33199 USA.
ABSTRACT
Sharks and rays are ecologically and economically important predators in coral reef ecosystems. Many
species have declined due to overfishing and habitat loss, which may be inducing cascading ecological
effects that influence coral reef health and community structure. The loss of reef sharks and rays is now
widely recognized as a significant global environmental problem in need of a comprehensive
management response. The Caribbean is no exception and there is growing interest in better managing
shark and ray fisheries and establishing marine protected areas (MPAs) that will help restore these
animals. There is, however, a lack of scientific information on the ecological role of sharks and rays and
the factors that influence their abundance and diversity on coral reefs. Here, we report on "Global Fin
Print", a worldwide initiative fundeampling plan for Global FinPrint in the Caribbean region for the next
two years. We will also present preliminary results from The Bahamas and Belize on the role of MPAs
on the abundance and diversity of sharks and rays.d by the Paul G. Allen Foundation to use baited
remote underwater video (BRUV) to survey sharks and rays on coral reefs. The project will deploy tens
of thousands of BRUVs on 400 reefs around the world to answer the questions: (1) What are the key
anthropogenic, habitat, geographic and environmental factors determining shark and ray abundance and
diversity on reefs? (2) Does coral recover from disturbance (bleaching, hurricanes) more rapidly when
sharks are present on the reef? We will present the sampling plan for Global FinPrint in the Caribbean
region for the next two years. We will also present preliminary results
KEYWORDS: Sharks, rays, reef, baited remote underwater video, marine protected area
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
48
Lionfish Control in Areas Inaccessible to Fishers:
Counting and Culling with the Help of Conservation Volunteers
El Manejo de Pez León en Zonas Inaccesibles por Pescadores:
Monitoreo y Control con la Ayuda de Voluntarios en Conservación
Le Controle du Poisson-lion en Zones Inaccessible aux Pecheurs:
Compter et Supprimer avec L‟aide de Bénévoles de la Conservation
JENNIFER CHAPMAN*, CHARLOTTE L.A. GOUGH, and LUCY G. ANDERSON
Blue Ventures Conservation, Omnibus Business Centre, 39-41 North Road,
London N79DP United Kingdom. *[email protected].
ABSTRACT
In Belize, targeted fishing is gaining momentum as the most cost-effective method to control invasive
alien lionfish by suppressing population numbers to or below site-specific threshold levels. However in
the country‟s marine reserve no take zones (NTZs) or deep reefs (> 18 m) where commercial fishing is
either not permitted or impractical, there is a need for alternative means of lionfish control. This study
evaluates a lionfish control programme that enlists the help of conservation volunteers to monitor
lionfish populations and support removal efforts using regular SCUBA culls, an initiative that began in
January 2011 in Bacalar Chico Marine Reserve (BCMR), northern Belize. We observed a significant
upshift in lionfish population size structure between 2011 and 2012 suggesting that lionfish would soon
enter the exponential growth phase typical of expanding invasive alien species populations. However,
population size structure has since stabilised, and sighting per unit effort (SPUE) data collected over the
4 years since the culling program began suggest that the rate of population expansion has slowed. Our
results suggest that although regular culling efforts have not reduced abundance in BCMR, they may
have prevented the lionfish population from entering exponential growth. We discuss the potential for
volunteers to support lionfish monitoring and control efforts in NTZs and present preliminary lionfish
population density estimates recorded by volunteers in another NTZ in southern Belize that highlight the
need to develop similar lionfish control strategies in areas inaccessible to fishers across Belize‟s marine
reserve network.
KEYWORDS: Lionfish, Pterois volitans, invasive alien species, control, Belize
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
49
Reframing the Invasion: Belize's Approach to Lionfish Control
Replanteando la Invasión: El Enfoque para Controlar el Pez León en Belice
Repenser L'invasion: L'approche de Belize au Contrôle du Poisson Lion
JENNIFER K. CHAPMAN*, CHARLOTTE L.A. GOUGH, and MARC L. FRUITEMA
Blue Ventures Conservation, Omnibus Business Centre, 39-41 North Road,
London N7 9DP United Kingdom. *[email protected].
ABSTRACT
Belizes fishing communities face an unprecedented challenge: the introduction of the invasive red
lionfish in 2008 has exacerbated existing threats to coastal livelihoods. This voracious predator has the
potential to cause significant losses to the recruitment of native fish, disrupting coral reef community
dynamics. Targeted lionfish fishing offers a means to control the invasion, while creating alternative
livelihood opportunities and improving food security - in direct support of Belize\'s National Economic
Alternatives and Fisheries Diversification Plan. To accelerate the development of this fishery, targeted
awareness raising activities have been conducted countrywide, increasing lionfish market penetration in
restaurants across Belize‟s six districts by 9% since 2011. To further assess the potential for market
growth, lionfish densities are being calculated for coral reefs across Belize and population dynamics
under different catch scenarios are being modelled. This information will be used to determine necessary
catch rates to achieve population suppression, as well as to identify strategies for maximum economic
return. In conjunction with a livelihood viability assessment, this approach aims to ensure that Belize\'s
control strategy integrates needs and capacities of coastal communities, to confer direct socioeconomic
and environmental benefits.
KEYWORDS: Lionfish, small scale fisheries, Belize, invasive species, market-based conservation
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
50
Government Actions in the First Seven Years of Lionfish Invasion in Colombia:
Achievements, Difficulties, and Challenges
Acciones del Gobierno en los Primeros Siete Años de Invasión del Pez León en Colombia:
Logros, Dificultades y Retos
Actions du Gouvernement dans le Sept Premières Années de Lionfish Invasion en
Colombie: Réalisations, Difficultés et Défis
LUIS CHASQUI*
1, NACOR BOLAÑOS
2, and ANA GONZALEZ
3
1INVEMAR Calle 25 No. 2-55, Playa Salguero Santa Marta D.T.C.H., Magdalena Colombia.
*[email protected]. 2CORALINA, Km 26 via San Luis, San Andres Island, Colombia.
3MADS, Bogotá, Colombia.
ABSTRACT
With the arrival of lionfish in Colombia, several government institutions like the Ministerio de Ambiente
y Desarrollo Sostenible, CORALINA and INVEMAR have led actions in education, control, research,
monitoring, regulations and planning. These actions has been strengthened through of the participation in
international meetings, where guidelines has been identified in order to planning consistent national
actions. Among the most important results are: official declaration of lionfish as an IAS in Colombia
(invasive alien species), formulation and adoption of the "Plan for the Management and Control of
lionfish in the Colombian Caribbean" and "Protocol for the capture, removal, and disposal of lionfish in
Colombia", socialization of those documents in colombian territory, involving the community in efforts
to hunt, installation of the first 20 monitoring stations in the Seaflower Biosphere Reserve, the website
"Marine and Coastal Species Introduced in Colombia". This website contain information on the species,
a tool to report sightings and view statistics and an App to be downloaded from Play Store which can be
used to do reports from mobile devices. Additionally, some work in the lionfish consumption as a
strategy of control has been done with campaigns involving famous chefs, advertising agencies such as
Ogilvy & Mather Colombia and Geometry Global, restaurants, local and national environmental
authorities, universities, NGOs, anglers‟ organizations and communities across the country. The main
difficulties has been managing funds to finance specific control actions at the local level as well as to
joint the efforts of all organizations and individuals interested in the subject.
KEYWORDS: Lionfish, lionfish consumption , lionfish in Colombia, lionfish monitoring, Seaflower
Biosphere Reserve
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
51
Effect of Climate Variability on Fish Stocks of the Northern Gulf of Mexico
Efecto de la Variabilidad Climática sobre las Pesquerías del Norte del Golfo de México
Effet de la Variabilité Climatique sur les Pêches le Nord du Golfe du Mexique
ERNESTO A. CHAVEZ
CICIMAR-IPN, Av. IPN s/n, Playa El Conchalito, La Paz, BCS 23096 Mexico.
ABSTRACT
The study of climatic variability through the last two decades has shown that in the long term, that
climate has been playing a significant role driving catch trends; in the case of declines, the fishing
intensity and the climate have played a synergistic role; multiple regression analysis of the main fisheries
shows high correlation between each of two climate indices and the catch of the 27 most abundant stocks
exploited in the Northern Gulf of Mexico, from a total of more than sixty six species recorded. The
effect of climate variability, evidenced after the use of the Southern Oscillation Index and the North
Atlantic Oscillation Index (NAOI) as independent variables and the catch of the 27 most abundant stocks
as dependent variable; results displayed the same correlation with each species tested, even though
independent variables were formulated after different sources. This indicates the strong influence of
climate, expressed by indices arisen from different and independent sources of information. Some
resulting lines suggest an upward trend, and others suggest a downward trend. These lines may be
interpreted as the most likely expectations of the catch in the near future. Here, those with declining
trends will be difficult to separate from effects of fishing intensity or other kinds of impact.
KEYWORDS: Fisheries, catch, climate indices, NAOI, fishing intensity
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
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Characterization of the Coral Reef Community at Mahahual, Mexico
Caracterización de la Comunidad del Arrecife de Mahahual, México
Caractérisation de la Communauté dans le Récif de Corail Mahahual, Mexique
ALEJANDRA CHÁVEZ HIDALGO*, ERNESTO A. CHÁVEZ,
and DIANA RODRÍGUEZ BAQUERO
CICIMAR-IPN, Ave.IPN s/n Col.Playa Palo Sta. Rita, La Paz, Baja California 23096 Mexico.
ABSTRACT
The coral reef community of the Mahahual reef in the Mexican Caribbean was studied in the years 2005
to 2008. Result shows there was a change in the macrobenthic community, due to the impact of the
hurricane Dean in august 2007. In 2005 hexacorals and octocorals were the dominant groups, with
relative coverage 19% and 13%, respectively, when 69 species were recorded, highlighting hexacorals
with 25 species, 11 families and 14 genus, where Montastraea faveolata, Agaricia agaricites, M.
cavernosa, M. franksi, D. labyrynthiformis andPorites astreoides were dominant. Amongst octocorals,
15 species were recorded, where Pseudopterogorgia bipinnata, P. americana and Gorgonia ventalina
were dominant. In 2008 there was a reduction in the coverage of octocorals and hexacorals, while
sponges increased to 15%. Changes in macrobenthic coverage at the shallow reef were evident, revealing
a considerable decline of the biotic component due to abrasion, breaking dragging colonies and
fragments generated by hurricanes. The reef substrate was characterized by macro algae, which are
highly abundant in this reef due to multiple factors like coral mortality, increased nutrients and reduction
of herbivores. However, barren ground and coral recently dead increased their coverage in this reef and
constitute evidence of the strong impact of Hurricane Dean on this reef.
KEYWORDS: Mexican Caribbean, Hurricane Dean, hexacorals, octocorals, sponges
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
53
Evaluación del Efecto del Pez León (Pterois volitans) en Asociaciones
de Peces Arrecifales en Tres Localidades de Cuba
Evaluation of the Lionfish (Pterois volitans) Effect in
Reef Fish Association in Three Localities of Cuba
Évaluation de L'impact du poisson-lion (Pterois volitans) sur les Associations
de Poissons de Récif dans Trois sites à Cuba
PEDRO CHEVALIER*
1, RAÚL CORRADA
1, DORKA COBIÁN
2, ALAIN GARCÍA
3, ALEXIS
FERNÁNDEZ1, FERNANDO BRETOS
4, and DARIA SICILIANO
4
1Acuario Nacional Cuba, Calle 60 y 1ra La Habana, La Habana 11300 Cuba.
*[email protected]. 2Parque Nacional Guanahacabibes, La Bajada Municipio, Sandino Pinar del Río, Cuba
3Instituto de Oceanología, Ave. 1ra No. 18406, La Habana, Cuba.
4The Ocean Foundation, 3280 South Miami Avenue, Miami, Florida 33129 USA.
RESUMEN
La presencia del pez león (Pterois volitans) en el Atlántico Occidental ha desencadenado una invasión
biológica que amenaza con desestabilizar las relaciones ecológicas de las especies nativas. El pez león es
un depredador generalista, esencialmente piscívoro, por lo que se pronostica un impacto en las
comunidades de peces a través de la depredación directa y la competición. En el presente trabajo se
procesó la información mediante Redes Neurales Artificiales (RNA) y la utilización de Modelos Nulos
de Coexistencia de Especies (MNCE). Los datos se obtuvieron mediante censos visuales realizados en
los años 2004 y desde el año 2010 hasta el 2013. Se seleccionaron 10 sitios comprendidos en 3
localidades. Se seleccionaron como variables de entrada la biomasa total y la biomasa de herbívoros, la
abundancia total, la abundancia de herbívoros y la abundancia de pez león, la talla promedio por unidad
de muestreo, la riqueza de especie total, el número de especies de herbívoros (RNAs) y se conformaron
matrices de presencia-ausencia por localidad y por año (MNCE). Los análisis de regresión y
clasificación realizados mediante RNAs muestran una dependencia de las variables continuas de las
variables categóricas, lo que se puede interpretar como la ausencia de un efecto evidente del pez león
sobre las asociaciones de peces en los sitios estudiados. El análisis mediante MNCE sugiere que la
estructura de las asociaciones de peces no depende directamente de la competencia entre dichas especies,
corroborando lo interpretado a partir de las RNAs.
PALABRAS CLAVES: Pez león, evaluación de impacto, Cuba, Redes neurales artificiales, Coexistencia
de especies
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
54
An Assessment of the Lionfish Population Density in Discovery Bay, Jamaica
Una Evaluación de la Densidad Poblacional de Pez León en Discovery Bay, Jamaica
Evaluation De La Densité Des Populations De Poissons-Lions À Discovery Bay, Jamaïque
DENISE CHIN*, KARL AIKEN, and DAYNE BUDDO
University of the West Indies – Mona, Kingston 7, Jamaica. *[email protected].
ABSTRACT
Lionfishes, Pterois volitans and Pterois miles, were first recorded on the north coast of Jamaica in 2008.
They are now found in all Jamaica\'s coastal waters including offshore banks such as Pedro and Morant
Cays. These native species of the Indian and Pacific Oceans have now established populations along the
southeast coast of the United States, the Gulf of Mexico, the Caribbean and South America. Due to their
potential negative impact on fisheries and the marine ecosystem, we sought to investigate their
population densities at three sites along the Discovery Bay coastline over 26 months . The lionfish
population density decreased at two of the three sites surveyed. At Skeggy Reef (the westward site) and
Dairy Bull (the middle site) there was a decline in the population by approximately 37% and 48% ± 0.95
SE respectively. Pear Tree Bottom (eastward site) showed an increase in the lionfish population density
of 52% ± 0.95 SE over the same time period. The ratio of female to male lionfish was 1: 1.2 with 60% (n
= 179) of the female population noted to have spawning capable to actively spawning gonads. This
reduction in the population could be attributed to an increase in public education and awareness on
lionfish through a national campaign promoting the consumption of lionfish as a control mechanism.
Other possible reasons for the decline could be due to migration to deeper waters and behavioural
changes to humans. Continued promotion of lionfish consumption is recommended to control this alien
invasive fish as well as further research.
KEYWORDS: Lionfish, invasive, population, Jamaica, Discovery Bay
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
55
Proactive and Reactive Management of Fishery Resources in the Turks and Caicos Islands
Gestión Proactiva y Reactiva de los Recursos Pesqueros en las Islas Turcos y Caicos
Gestion Proactive et Réactive des Ressources Halieutiques dans les Îles Turks et Caicos
JOHN A.B. CLAYDON*
1and MARTA C. CALOSSO
2
1Department of Environment and Maritime Affairs Providenciales, Turks & Caicos Islands.
*[email protected]. 2Hopkins Marine Station, Stanford University, Department of Environment and Maritime Affairs,
120 Ocean View Blvd., Pacific Grove, California 93950 USA.
ABSTRACT
Fisheries in the Turks and Caicos Islands target a multi-species complex of lobster, conch, fishes and
turtles. However, until 2015, effort to manage fisheries was almost exclusively dedicated to spiny lobster
and queen conch, the main focus of commercial fisheries. For example, other than a ban on parrotfish,
there were largely no species-specific regulations governing the harvest of fish in the Turks and Caicos
Islands. We assess the consequences of this limited approach in the face of changing dynamics in the
fisheries. We also describe the proactive and reactive measures introduced in 2015 that followed
extensive consultation with fishers and other stakeholders. The measures address existing, emergent, and
potential fisheries of bonefish, Nassau grouper, snappers, sharks, rays, stone crab, and sea
cucumbers. We also highlight key knowledge gaps in these data-deficient fisheries and solicit feedback
from throughout the region about the success of different fishery management approaches from both
ecological and social perspectives. KEYWORDS: Fisheries, legislation, grouper, governance, proactive management
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
56
Densidad, Tamaño, y Dieta del Pez León Pterois volitans en Cuba Occidental:
Prístino Implica más Vulnerable?
Density, Size, and Diet of Lionfish Pterois volitans in Western Cuba:
Does Pristine Imply More Vulnerable?
Densité, la Taille, et le Régime alimentaire du poisson-lion Pterois volitans dans Western
Cuba: les zones vierges sont-elles plus vulnérables?
DORKA COBIAN*
1, PEDRO PABLO CHEVALIER MONTEAGUDO
2, JUAN JACOBO
SCHMITTER-SOTO3, HÉCTOR SALVAT TORRES, ERLAN CABRERA SANSÓN, ALAIN
GARCIA RODRÍGUEZ4 y ALEXIS FERNÁNDEZ OSORIO
2
1Guanahacabibes National Park La Bajada, Sandino Pinar del Rí, Cuba.
*[email protected]. 2Acuario Nacional, Cuba Calle 60 y 1ra La Habana,11300 Cuba.
3El Colegio de la Frontera Sur, Av. Rancho Polígono 2-A, Lerma 24500, Campeche, Mexico.
4Instituto de Oceanología, Ave. 1ra No. 18406, La Habana, Cuba.
RESUMEN
El pez león se reportó por primera vez en Cuba en el 2007, con registros casi simultáneos en las costas
del norte y sureste. En el Parque Nacional Guanahacabibes, Cuba occidental, las primeras fechas de
registro fueron en el 2009. Como en otros lugares del Caribe, su abundancia y distribución han
aumentado dramáticamente. Este estudio se realizó en seis sitios de Guanahacabibes, desde 2010 hasta
2014. Seis transectos de banda de 50 2 m, se ubicaron en cada sitio para estimar la abundancia de
peces león y la longitud individual; la biomasa fue estimada a partir de la longitud. La densidad, la
biomasa y la longitud del pez león aumentaron significativamente hasta 2012 y 2013, cuando las
poblaciones se estabilizaron. No hubo diferencias en la abundancia entre las localidades; por otra parte,
la biomasa mostró diferencias por año y por localidad, siendo mayores en los veriles y menores en los
camellones y canales. El estudio de la dieta estuvo basado en el análisis de 411 individuos adultos. Se
detectaron 54 entidades alimentarias, pertenecientes a 10 órdenes y 19 familias, principalmente peces y
crustáceos; las principales presas fueron Gobiidae, Pomacentridae, Mullidae, Labridae, Scaridae y
Gramma spp. Esperábamos que el tamaño del pez león se incrementara más rápido que en otros lugares,
debido a la falta de acciones de manejo directas contra el pez león (hasta 2015) y a la mayor
disponibilidad de presas en un ambiente casi prístino; la pendiente de la curva de incremento de talla fue
incluso mayor que en el oeste de Florida, pero no significativamente diferente de Xcalak, otra área
protegida (Caribe mexicano).
PALABRAS CLAVES: Invasiones biológicas, áreas protegidas marinas, arrecifes coralinos, Mar Caribe,
Parque Nacional Guanahacabibes
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
57
Resultados de los Monitoreos Biologicos en la Zona Marino-Costera
de la Reserva de Biosfera Península de Guanahacabibes
Results of Biological Monitoring in the Coastal Marine Area
of the Biosphere Reserve Guanahacabibes Peninsula
Résultats de la Surveillance Biologique dans la Zone Côtière
de la Réserve de Biosphère Péninsule de Guanahacabibes
DORKA COBIAN
1, SUSANA PERERA VALDERRAMA
2, LÁZARO MARQUEZ LLAUGER
1,
ANMARI ÁLVAREZ ALEMÁN3, ELENA DE LA GUARDIA
4,
PEDRO ALCOLADO PRIETO y ZAIMIURI HERNÁNDEZ GONZÁLEZ 1Parque Nacional Guanahacabibes La Bajada, Sandino , Cuba. [email protected]
2Centro Nacional de Áreas Protegidas, Calle 18A #4114,
entre 41 y 47, Playa, La Habana, Cuba. 3Centro de Investigaciones Marinas, Cuba.
4CINVESTAV-MERIDA, km. 6 Carretera a Progreso, Merida, 97310 Yucatán México.
RESUMEN
Se presentan los resultados obtenidos en el marco del proyecto “Aplicación de un enfoque regional al
manejo de áreas protegidas marinas y costeras en los archipiélagos del sur de Cuba” durante los años
2010 y 2014. Se monitorearon las poblaciones de tortugas marinas, manatíes, aves marinas y acuáticas,
iguanas y cocodrilos, así como los ecosistemas de arrecifes de coral, pastos marinos y manglares. El
muestreo de estas especies claves y ecosistemas se realizaron a partir de las metodologías elaboradas y
validadas por expertos en el marco del proyecto. Se caracterizaron las nuevas áreas propuestas por el
Sistema Nacional de Áreas Protegidas (Área Protegida de Recursos Manejados Península de
Guanahacabibes y Elemento Natural Destacado Banco de San Antonio) con el objetivo de completar
vacíos de información y determinar si los límites, extensión y categoría de manejo propuestos garantizan
la protección de la biodiversidad marina y de los principales valores naturales de las mismas. Estos
estudios contribuyen a completar la información de línea de base de la Península de Guanahacabibes. Se
exponen nuevos registros de especies para el área, así como sitios de nidificación de aves marinas e
iguanas de gran importancia para Cuba. Se presentan los sitios seleccionados como prioritarios para la
conservación y el manejo de hábitats y especies, incluyendo zonas de alimentación, cría y nidificación de
especies de importancia comercial y conservacionista. A partir de las expediciones realizadas se
identificaron las principales problemáticas de la Península de Guanahacabibes, con vistas a planificar
futuras acciones de conservación y manejo.
PALABRAS CLAVES: Áreas marinas protegidas, Guanahacabibes, monitoreo
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
58
Characterization of a South Texas Mesophotic Reef Epibenthic Community
Caracterización de la Comunidad Epibéntica de un
Arrecife Mesofótico en el Sur de Texas
Caractérisation de la Communauté Épibenthique D‟un
Récif Mésophotique au Sud du Texas
MARIA COOKSEY* and DAVID HICKS
University of Texas - Rio Grande Valley, 1 West University Boulevard,
LHSB 2.816, Brownsville, Texas 78520 USA. *[email protected].
ABSTRACT
Benthic community composition was characterized at Southern Bank (27˚ 26‟ 30”N, 96˚ 31‟ 30”W), a
1.0 sq km, mid-continental shelf relic coral-algal reef off the coast of South Texas that rises from a
regional depth of 82 m to 59 m below the sea surface. Remotely operated vehicle (ROV) surveys were
conducted in September 2014 to collect video and biological specimens of the benthic invertebrate
community, with particular focus on octocorals and antipatharians. Percent cover and abundance were
estimated from 50 randomly extracted frame grabs of the sea floor. Video identifications of coral species
were assisted by simultaneous collections of specimens and subsequent morphological and genetic
analyses. Algae was the dominant biotic cover (42%). Among macrofauna, encrusting sponges (45.5%),
antipatharians (23.3%), and crinoids (6.7%) had the highest substrate cover. Coral cover was primarily
antipatharians (76%; Stichopathes lutkeni [47%], Antipathes atlantica [23%], and Antipathes furcata
[13%]), followed by scleractinians (23%; Madracis brueggmani [85%] and Agaricia fragilis [9%]), and
octocorals (1%). The most abundant corals were Stichopathes lutkeni (2.0 ind/m2) and Antipathes furcata
(0.7 ind/m2). Each frame grab was also analyzed to determine major substrate type. Coral diversity was
highest on algae-covered soft substrate and lowest on bare soft substrates where Antipatharians
comprised of 97% of the coral cover. Benthic abundance data was georeferenced and correlated to bank
microtopography in order to create a habitat suitability map which can be used to predict biodiversity at
other the mesophotic banks in South Texas.
KEYWORDS: Habitat suitability modeling, benthic communities, benthic invertebrates, habitat
mapping, mesophotic
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
59
Determinación de Cambios Espacio-temporales en la Abundancia de los Recursos
Explotados por una Pesqueria de Peces Pelagicos en el Mar Caribe de Colombia,
Mediante el Uso de SIG
Determination of Spatio-temporal Changes in the Abundance of Resources Exploited by a
Pelagic Fishery in the Colombia Caribbean Sea: A GIS Approach
Determination des Variations Spatio-temporelles dans L‟abondance de Ressources
Exploitees par une Pecherie Pelagique dans la Mer de Caraïbes Colombienne,
en Utilisant SIG
FELIX DE JESUS CUELLO* and LUIS M. MANJARRÉS-MARTÍNEZ
Universidad del Magdalena, Carrera 32 No. 22-08, Laboratorio de Investigaciones Pesqueras
Tropicales, Santa Marta, Magdalena 470004 Colombia. *[email protected].
RESUMEN
Con el fin de obtener mayores tasas de captura, los pescadores adaptan sus tácticas de pesca al
comportamiento espacio-temporal de los recursos. Para ello efectúan cambios en los artes de pesca y/o
cambian de caladeros. En el golfo de Salamanca (Caribe de Colombia) existen diversas pesquerías de
pequeña escala que utilizan una gran variedad de artes. Uno de los artes más usados es la red de
enmalle, la cual es considerada un arte pasivo. Sin embargo, en las últimas tres décadas este arte se viene
usando de una manera activa, toda vez que se usan redes de mayor longitud y altura para rodear los
cardúmenes de peces pelágicos medianos, a manera de cerco, aunque el principio de captura sigue siendo
el enmalle. Estas redes de encierro reciben localmente el nombre de “boliches”. Esta forma de pesca
implica que el tiempo de búsqueda es un componente significativo del tiempo de pesca. Por tanto, es
relevante establecer los cambios históricos en esa variable para inferir variaciones en la abundancia
relativa de los recursos explotados. A partir de estadísticas históricas de captura y esfuerzo
georreferenciadas, se estableció que el porcentaje de la duración de la faena destinado a la búsqueda
aumentó de 77,41% ± 3,44 (IC 95%) en 1994 a 92,89% ± 2,61 (IC 95%) en el período 2007 - 2008, en
tanto que la CPUE (kg/h de búsqueda) no experimentó cambios significativos en este lapso de tiempo.
Estos resultados ponen de manifiesto una disminución en la abundancia de peces pelágicos medianos en
el área de operación de los “boliches”, situación que amerita la adopción de medidas de manejo
orientadas a prevenir un mayor deterioro de estos stocks.
PALABRAS CLAVES: Red de enmalle de encierro, tiempo de búsqueda, pesca artesanal, CPUE, Golfo
de Salamanca
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
60
Cambio Histórico en la Estructura de Tamaño y Abundancia de Peces Óseos Demersales
y Elasmobranquios del Caribe Colombiano
Historic Change of Size Structures and Biomass of Bony Demersal Fishes
and Elasmobranches in the Colombian Caribbean
Changement Historiques des Structures de Tailles et de L'abondance des Poissons
Démersaux et les Élasmobranches dans les Caraïbes Colombiennes
CARLOS CUERVO*, OLGA VARGAS, and LUIS DUARTE
Universidad del Magdalena, carrera 32 # 22 - 08 Santa Marta, Magdalena, Colombia.
RESUMEN
La sobreexplotación de las pesquerías ha llevado a la disminución de biomasa y tamaño de peces óseos
demersales, principalmente de importancia comercial, pero también de elasmobranquios que son
capturados en su mayoría de manera incidental, lo cual ha conllevado a un desequilibrio energético y a
un cambio en la dinámica trófica de los ecosistemas marinos. El presente estudio se realizó con la
información de los cruceros científicos efectuados entre 1970 y 2001, almacenada en el Sistema de
Información Evaluación y Ecología Pesquera. Para el análisis, el Caribe de Colombia se dividió en tres
zonas: (1) sur, desde la frontera con Panamá hasta la desembocadura del río Magdalena, (2) golfo de
Salamanca, entre la desembocadura del río Magdalena y Santa Marta y (3) norte, entre Santa Marta y la
frontera con Venezuela. Las especies dominantes de los peces demersales (Lutjanus synagris,
Eucinostomus argenteus, Rhomboplites aurorubens, Lutjanus analis, Upeneus parvus) evidenciaron una
disminución en las tallas y en la biomasa a lo largo del tiempo en las tres zonas. En la zona sur ya que
solo se tuvo información de tallas hasta 1996. En contraste, un aumento de biomasa de dichas especies
fue detectado en los últimos años en la zona sur. Los elasmobranquios exhibieron una disminución de
biomasa para algunas especies (Rhizoprionodon porosus, Sphyrna tiburo, Sphyrna tudes, Dasyatis
americana y Dasyatis guttata). Las tendencias de la biomasa y de la estructura de tamaños de las
especies de peces demersales y elasmobranquios en el Caribe de Colombia sugieren la necesidad de un
enfoque de manejo pesquero de largo plazo que evite el fenómeno de puntos de referencia móviles y
establezca objetivos congruentes con el enfoque ecosistémico.
PALABRAS CLAVES: Puntos de referencia móviles, Caribe, Colombia, elasmobranquios, peces
demersales
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
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An Overview of the 2013 - 2015 GCFI Workshops:
Evaluation of Stocks in Data Limited Situations
Un Resumen de los Talleres del GCFI entre 2013 - 2015:
Evaluaciones Poblacionales en Situaciones de Datos Limitados
Resume des Ateliers GCFI de 2013 - 2015:
Evaluation des Stocks dans les Cas de Données Limitées
NANCIE CUMMINGS*
1, MANDY KARNAUSKAS
1, WILLIAM HARFORD
2, ROBERT TRUMBLE
3
ROBERT GLAZER4, and WILLIAM MICHAELS**
5
1NOAA Fisheries NMFS, SEFSC, 75 Virginia Beach Drive Miami, Florida 33149 USA.
*[email protected]. 2Cooperative Institute for Marine and Atmospheric Studies, University of Miami,
4600 Rickenbacker Causeway Miami, Florida 33149 USA. 3MRAG Americas, Inc., 10051 5th Street, N. Suite 105, St. Petersburg, Florida 33702 USA. 4Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission, Florida Marine Research Institute,
2796 Overseas Highway, Ste. 119, Marathon, Florida 33050 USA. 5NOAA Fisheries Office of Science and Technology, 1315 East West Hwy.,
Silver Spring, Maryland 20910 USA. **[email protected].
ABSTRACT
In response to the need in the wider Caribbean to improve stock assessments, increase technical capacity,
and improve stakeholder engagement in stock assessment process, a series of data limited workshops
was convened at the 2013-2015 GCFI conferences. The 2013 workshop focused on identifying the most
common data-limited stock assessment methods for use in the wider Caribbean, and the pros and cons of
each method. The 2014 workshop emphasized good practices for fishery-dependent sampling and
improving stakeholder input early in the sampling design planning phase. Case studies from the region
characterized sampling methodologies, best practices for biological sampling and identified advances in
sampling methodologies (e.g., electronic applications for catch reporting, VMS systems). The 2015
workshop identified tradeoffs in optimizing fishery dependent vs fishery independent sampling.
Regional case studies provided background on rationale for apportioning sampling resources between
fishery dependent/fishery independent sampling. A Management Strategy Evaluation (MSE) analytical
tool was used to explore impacts of decisions on data collection and sampling design on stock
assessment results and subsequent management advice. Active engagement from participants and
stakeholders through breakout and plenary discussions, offering additional input to inform decision
making and identify good practices in optimizing sampling between fishery-dependent and -independent
sampling.
KEYWORDS: Data-limited, best practices, tradeoffs in fishery dependent vs fisher, stakeholder
engagement, management strategy evaluation
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
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Do Invasive Lionfish Affect the Diet and Condition of Native Mesopredators?
¿Cóoó Puede la Presencia del Pez León Invasor Afectar la Dieta
y el Estado de los Mesodepredadores Nativos?
Les Régimes et les États Physiologique des Mésoprédateurs sont-ils
Touchés par les Lionfish Envahissantes?
JOSEPH CURTIS
1*, MARK ALBINS
2, and CHRISTOPHER STALLINGS
1
1University of South Florida, 140 7th Avenue South, St. Petersburg, Florida 33701 USA.
*[email protected]. 2Auburn University, School of Fisheries, Aquaculture, and Aquatic Science,
8300 State Hwy., 104 Fairhope, Alabama 36532 USA.
ABSTRACT
One of the primary threats posed by invasive Indo-Pacific Lionfishes (Pterois volitans and P. miles) is
the potential for competition with native predators. On reef ledges in southeast Florida, one of the most
likely competitors is the graysby (Cephalopholis cruentata), a similarly sized mesopredator. We
measured variation in graysby diet and condition across a gradient of lionfish density driven by a Before-
After-Control-Impact (BACI) removal experiment. Samples were collected from the same contiguous
reef in Biscayne National Park near Miami, Florida, where abundant graysby live alongside a Lionfish
population which was first detected in the late 2000s. Graysby and lionfish diet were analyzed using bulk
stable isotopes (δ13C and δ15N) from both muscle tissue and lamellae of the eye lens, a recently
described chronological recorder of foraging history. Graysby condition and population status was
measured via morphological indices (hepatosomatic, gonadosomatic, weight at length) and abundance
estimates. Graysby muscle collected prior to Lionfish removals had similar isotopic values to cohabitant
lionfish, suggesting comparable resource use at a population scale. Also, δ15N increased with body
length in both species at the same rate, potentially reflecting mutual ontogenetic diet shifts that could
lead to interspecific competition across multiple life stages. This ongoing study can clarify how Lionfish
affect native mesopredators, a pertinent question for conservation, management, and invasive species
ecology. Our results will also refine understanding of the strengths and limitations of eye lens analysis, a
novel and potentially powerful technique for ecological research.
KEYWORDS: Stable isotope, diet breadth, competition, graysby, eye lens
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
63
Targeted Lionfish Removals on Northern Gulf of Mexico Artificial Reefs:
Effectiveness and Impacts to Native Reef Fish Communities
Remociones Dirigidas del Pez León en los Arrecifes Artificiales del Norte del Golfo de
México:
Efectividad e Impacto en las Comunidades de Peces Arrecifales Nativos
Capture Ciblée De Poissons-Lions Sur Les Récifs Artificiels Du Nord Du Golfe Du
Mexique: Efficacité Et Impacts Sur Les Comunautés Autochtones De Poissons Récifaux
KRISTEN A. DAHL*
1, WILLIAM F. PATTERSON, III
1, and RICHARD A. SNYDER
2
1University of South Alabama, Dauphin Island Sea Lab, 101 Bienville Blvd.,
Dauphin Island, Alabama 36528 USA. *[email protected]. 2Virginia Institute of Marine Science, 40 Atlantic Avenue, Wachapreague, Virginia 23410 USA.
ABSTRACT
Invasive lionfish have spread throughout the northern Gulf of Mexico (nGOM) since first being
documented in summer 2010. Their densities have also increased exponentially since they were first
observed. Thus, they are perceived as an increasing threat to native reef fishes and ecosystems. While
their complete eradication from the western Atlantic is unlikely, targeted removals may serve to mitigate
negative impacts on local scales. We conducted a study to examine the effectiveness and potential
ecological benefits of targeted lionfish removals at a series of experimental (n = 27) artificial reefs off
northwest Florida. All lionfish were removed via spearfishing from 17 sites in December 2013, and nine
of those sites were periodically cleared of lionfish through spring of 2015. The remaining 10 reef sites
served as controls. To date, 1,575 lionfish have been removed from study reefs, including 564 from
follow-up removals at keep-cleared reefs. Both adult and young-of-the year lionfish quickly recruited to
cleared reefs, reaching pre-removal lionfish densities within four months, and surpassing those densities
on sites that were cleared only once. There were significant differences in fish community structure and
diversity between control and keep-cleared sites, but not between cleared-once and control reefs.
Furthermore, there was a negative, albeit weak, correlation between lionfish abundance and that of red
snapper, the most economically valuable fishery species in the region. Results suggest that clearing reefs
of lionfish can have ecological benefits on local scales, but removal efforts will likely need to be
persistent in regions with high lionfish densities.
KEYWORDS: Invasive species, marine management, Pterois spp., Gulf of Mexico, targeted removals
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
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An Applied Approach to Macroscopic Gonadal Assessment in Invasive Pterois volitans
and its Application in Citizen Science and Data Collection at Biscayne National Park
Un Enfoque Aplicado a la Evaluación Gonadal Macroscópica en Pterois volitans y su
Aplicación en la Ciencia Ciudadana y la Recopilación de Datos
en el Parque Nacional de Biscayne
Approche Appliquée à L‟évaluation Macroscopique des Gonades de Pterois volitans et son
Application dans le Citoyen de la Science et de la Collecte de Données
au Parc National de Biscayne
MEGAN DAVENPORT*
1, CHRIS LANGDON
1,
EVAN D'ALESSANDRO1, and VANESSA MCDONOUGH
2
1Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science – University of Miami, 4600 Rickenbacker
Cswy.,
Miami, Florida 33149 USA. *[email protected]. 2Biscayne National Park, 9700 SW 328th Street, Homestead, Florida 33033 USA.
ABSTRACT
The study of reproductive traits of fishes can contribute to estimates of population size and to predictions
of population growth or decline. While often applicable to the management and assessment of fisheries
stocks, understanding a species‟ reproductive traits can also be useful in the management of invasive,
pest, or overpopulated species. Determination of sex and reproductive phase are primary steps in
assessing population demographic parameters, and macroscopic techniques allow for low cost data
collection. The aims of this study were to derive and validate a classification scheme for rapid
assessment of sex and reproductive phase of lionfish in Biscayne National Park, FL. This study evaluates
gonadal phase of development of male and female lionfish using high-throughput macroscopic
assessment of the gonads. The results of the macroscopic evaluation of these fish, recorded using digital
photography, were validated using traditional histological analysis on a subset of individuals. After
validation, this macroscopic gonad classification scheme was utilized in a citizen science initiative in
Biscayne National Park, where students and educators dissected and collected photographs of lionfish
gonads. These photographs were analyzed, with gonads being identified for sex and reproductive phase
according to the produced classification scheme. This citizen science initiative assisted in the collection
of hundreds of gonad photographs, contributing to a large dataset, the analysis of which was used to
describe reproductive traits, strategies, and demographic parameters of lionfish in Biscayne National
Park.
KEYWORDS: Invasive lionfish, reproductive biology, citizen science, macroscopic ovarian assessment,
biscayne national park
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
65
Recreation with a Purpose: Diving for Lionfish
Tiempo Libre con una Meta: Buceo para el Pez León
Loisir Avec Une Intention: Plongée Pour Les Poissons-Lions
BRITTANY DAVIS
Department of Environmental Science, Allegheny College, 520 North Main Street,
Meadville, Pennsylvania 16335 USA. [email protected].
ABSTRACT
The rapid spread of invasive lionfish threatens marine ecosystems, challenging scientists and resource
managers to develop new management tools and presenting an opportunity to engage citizens in invasive
species management. In many places, recreational scuba divers have been recruited to support lionfish
management efforts by providing scientists with data on where lionfish are and by removing lionfish
they see. Lionfish derbies, where individuals and teams compete to capture and kill as many as they can,
and community events, which provide people with an opportunity to learn more about and taste lionfish,
are increasing in popularity. Engaging scuba divers in the pursuit of lionfish provides divers with an
opportunity to do something positive from the environment, potentially offsetting some of the damage to
reefs divers can cause. This presentation uses data from lionfish events held in Florida and in Utila,
Honduras to explore how these elicit interest and participation from recreational scuba divers. Sampling
lionfish, learning about the invasion, and innate competitiveness all contribute to interest in pursuing
lionfish. Going forward, resource managers should build programs which capitalize on and expand this
interest to maximize the number of people actively removing lionfish.
KEYWORDS: Lionfish, scuba, citizen science, engagement
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
66
Evaluation of the Populations of Sea Cucumbers in La Bahía las Calderas, Peravia, and
Laguna Manglares de Puerto Viejo, Azua, Dominican Republic
Evaluación de las Poblaciones de Holoturias en Bahía las Calderas, Peravia y Laguna
Manglares de Puerto Viejo, Azua, República Dominicana
Évaluation des Populations de Concombres de Mer dans les Mangroves Bahia las Calderas,
Peravia, et Laguna de Puerto Viejo, Azua, République Dominicaine
FRANCIA DE LA CRUZ ABREU
Ministerio Ambiente y Recursos Naturales, Universidad Autónoma de Santo Domingo,
UASD Cayetano Germosén esq. av.Gregorio Luperon Ensanche El Pedregal,
Santo Domingo,10105 República Dominicana. [email protected].
ABSTRACT
Holothurians (sea cucumbers) are one of the five existing classes of the Phylum Echinodermata. This
class boasts of approximately 1,500 species, spread across six orders, and 25 families. They play an
important ecological role within benthic communities because they are responsible for significant
changes to the composition of marine sediments. This class is highly marketed in more than 70 countries
around the world, and are being exploited by industrial, semi-industrial and artisanal (small scale)
fishing. The sample study took place from the month of January to May, of the year 2014. Transects
used in the study were 50m long by 2m wide on each side. A total area of 6,200 m² was sampled, within
the neritic environments in the towns of Las Calderas, Peravia province and Laguna de Puerto Viejo,
Azua province; through the assessment of samples found in 31 different transects, at depths ranging from
0.5 to 5.6 meters. In the coordinates 20155118N and 336854E; 2027867N and 304448.17 E. A total of
five (5) species belonging to the famlilies Holothuriidae (Actinopyga agasizii; Holoturia mexicana;
Holoturia thomasi) and Stichopodidae (Isostichopus badionotus; Astichopus multifidus) were found. A
grand total of 292 individual holothurians, within the delimited transects, were registered at both sites.
The results for Bahia Las Calderas were 0.85 y 1bits, low diversity according to the Shannon Weaner
Index; Mangrove Lagoon was the lowest limit with 0 y 0.63 bits. Both localities showed low diversity
for the Simpson Index, with values between 0 and 1.
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
67
Aporte al Conocimiento de las Pesquerías de Escama en el
Parque Nacional Cayos de San Felipe, Cuba
Contribution to the Fin Fisheries Knowledge in the National Park
Cayos de San Felipe, Cuba
Contribution à la Connaissance de la Pêche à Ailettes dans le Parc National
Cayos de San Felipe, Cuba
ELENA DE LA GUARDIA LLANSÓ*
1, ZAIMIURI HERNÁNDEZ GONZÁLEZ
2, LEONARDO
ESPINOSA PANTOJA3, ENRIQUE GIMÉNEZ HURTADO
4, JORGE ANGULO-VALDEZ,
DANIELA CANTILLO DOMÍNGUEZ y JESÚS ERNESTO ARIAS–GONZÁLEZ 1CINVESTAV, Antigua carretera a Progreso Km 6, Cordemex, Mérida, Yucatán 97310 México.
*[email protected]. 2PN Cayos de San Felipe, La Coloma Pinar del Río, Cuba.
3Parque Nacional Cayos de San Felipe, La Coloma Pinar del Río, Cuba.
4Centro de Investigaciones Pesqueras, 5ta Ave y 248, Barlovento, Santa Fé, Ciudad Habana, Cuba.
RESUMEN
El Parque Nacional “Cayos de San Felipe” se ubica dentro de una zona de pesca importante en la región
suroccidental de Cuba donde se requiere información para la toma de decisiones de manejo. Este trabajo
caracterizó la operación de pesca de peces dentro del Parque y la zona adyacente utilizando información
histórica, muestreos de capturas y entrevistas a pescadores. En el 2014 se identificaron 6 modalidades de
pesca y 182 embarcaciones operando en la zona de estudio. Se estimó una captura de 800 t anuales para
una productividad de 0.3t/km2 y que el 30% de la captura se realiza dentro del Parque. La pesca
comercial estatal fue responsable del 70% de la captura total y los registros históricos muestran
tendencia a la disminución de sus capturas a la vez que el esfuerzo pesquero incrementa. El 25% de la
captura anual no se registra estadísticamente y se corresponde principalmente con las capturas de la
pesca deportiva, cuyas faenas de pesca ocurrieron fuera del Parque. El 10% de la captura estuvo por
debajo de la talla mínima legal y los megareproductores fueron muy escasos a pesar de no existir
regulación para la talla máxima. Los meses de máxima captura estuvieron asociados períodos
reproductivos y cerca del 80% de los individuos se capturaron antes de desovar. El 70% de la captura
fueron especies de pargos. Los estimados de este estudio sirvieron para identificar actores y prácticas
que requieren modificaciones y para confeccionar propuestas de manejo de las pesquerías dirigidas a
garantizar a largo plazo la productividad pesquera en el Parque y la región adyacente.
PALABRAS CLAVES: Pesca artesanal, rendimiento, productividad pesquera, Cuba
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
68
Estándar de Responsabilidad Ambiental para la Comercialización de Pescado de Mar:
Herramienta para la Gestión Responsable de la Demanda
Standard of Environmental Responsibility for Marketing Sea Fish:
Tool for Responsible Management of the Demand
Norme de Responsabilité Environnementale pour la Commercialisation de Poissons
de La Mer: L'outil Pour une Gestion Responsable de La Demande
VICENTE DEL CID*, LAURA RIVERA, and IRENE MORALES
Fundación MarViva, Apartado 0832-0390, WTC Panamá, Panamá. *[email protected].
RESUMEN
Hoy, nuestros mares enfrenta la sobrexplotación pesquera, poniendo en riesgo la estabilidad de los
ecosistemas marinos y la base de una importante actividad económica. Cerca de 900 millones de
personas en el mundo dependen de la pesca como fuente principal de proteína, generando cerca de 200
millones de empleos, por lo que su sostenibilidad reviste una gran importancia socio-económica. La
creciente demanda por productos marinos, el desarrollo tecnológico de los barcos pesqueros y las
técnicas de pesca cada día más sofisticadas, han contribuido a que la sobreexplotación se agrave,
reduciendo sensiblemente la cantidad y calidad de recursos disponibles para pescadores y comerciantes.
Para garantizar la existencia de recursos pesqueros a largo plazo, pescadores, comerciantes y
consumidores deben ser conscientes del tipo de pescado que se extrae, de dónde proviene y cómo se
obtiene, antes de comercializarlo y/o consumirlo. Para apoyar este proceso de concientización y cambio
en nuestras prácticas de consumo, la Fundación MarViva desarrolló un Estándar de Responsabilidad
Ambiental para la Comercialización de Pescado de Mar, dirigido a empresas que comercializan pescado
marino y que busca promover mejores prácticas comerciales. Las prácticas se rigen bajo principios y
criterios que buscan garantizar la futura disponibilidad de las especies, para que puedan seguir siendo
aprovechadas por comercializadores y consumidores. El Estándar está orientado exclusivamente a
empresas que comercializan pescado marino, que ha sido capturado y comercializado bajo estos
principios y criterios, en presentaciones de producto fresco no congelado. El Estándar no incluye
pescado importado, especies cultivadas, peces dulceacuícolas o mariscos.
KEYWORDS: Sobrexplotación pesquera, comercio responsable, cadena de valor, responsabilidad
ambiental, MarViva
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
69
Estructura Comunitaria de Peces Arrecifales en el Parque Nacional Coiba, Panamá
Reef Fish Community Structure at Coiba National Park, Panama
Structure Communautaire des Poissons des Recifs Coralliens
du Parc National de Coiba, Panama
TEÓFILA M. DELGADO*
1, ARTURO AYALA BOCOS
2,
HUMBERTO A. GARCÉS1, and JOSÉ J. CASAS
1
1Facultad de Ciencias del Mar, Universidad Maritima Internacional de Panamá, La Boca,
Panamá, República de Panamá. *[email protected]. 2Universidad Autónoma de Baja California Sur (UABCS), Carratera al Sur Km. 5.5,
C.P. 23080, La Paz, Baja California Sur, México.
RESUMEN
La estructura de la comunidad de peces puede ser descrita por atributos ecológicos, como riqueza,
abundancia y biomasa. Los peces de arrecife tienen gran importancia desde el punto de vista ecológico
ya que son especies claves dentro de las redes tróficas locales y regionales. La comunidad de peces
arrecifales en la región ha sido estudiada en términos de estructura, preferencia de hábitats y
composición de especies. Este estudio tiene el propósito de actualizar la información acerca de la
estructura comunitaria de los peces arrecifales y el estado de conservación del Parque Nacional Coiba
(PNC). El monitoreo submarino se realizó en marzo (estación seca) y agosto (estación lluviosa) de 2014
mediante censos visuales. Los datos fueron procesados para conocer la estructura de la comunidad en
términos de riqueza (S), abundancia (N), diversidad (H´) y uniformidad (J´). El estado de conservación
de los sitios del PNC se dilucido mediante un análisis multicriterio. Se monitorearon un total de 18 sitios
(225 transectos), registrando 125,399 individuos pertenecientes a 130 especies, siendo la damisela cola
de tijera (Chromis atrilobata), el cardenal (Paranthias colonus) y la vieja arcoiris (Thalossoma
lucasanum) las especies dominantes. Los sitios mejor conservados encontrados del PNC fueron Bajo del
Pulpo, Don Juan, Jicarón Pta. Norte, islote Santa Cruz, Mali Mali, Brincanco, Faro y Dos Tetas. Por el
contrario, los más deteriorados fueron Machete Punta, Wahoo, Punta Sur/Jicarita, Ballena, Uva, Granito
de Oro, Buffete, Sueño del Pescador y Catedral. Este estudio actualizó la información existente sobre
peces asociados a los arrecifes, lo que permitirá a los tomadores de decisiones implementar medidas para
mejorar o conservar el PNC.
PALABRAS CLAVES: Estructura comunitaria, peces arrecifales, Parque Nacional Coiba, Veraguas,
Panamá
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
70
Development of Molecular Markers for Environmental
DNA Detection of the Red Lionfish Pterois volitans
Desarrollo de Marcadores Moleculares para la Detección de
DNA Ambiental del Pez León Pterois volitans
Développement de Marqueurs Moléculaires pour la Détection de
L'ADN de Poisson-lion Pterois volitans Dans L'environnement
EDGARDO DIAZ-FERGUSON*
1and GREG MOYER
2
1Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama 31820 USA. * [email protected].
2U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, 5308 Spring Street, Warm Springs, Georgia 31830 USA.
ABSTRACT
The red lionfish (Pterois volitans) is the most successful fish invader in the Western Atlantic and the
Caribbean Sea. Scientific evidence suggests that lionfish presence and proliferation reduce abundance
and change community structure of coral reefs and mangrove ecosystems. Traditional methods of
lionfish surveillance and control require the identification of its populations by direct observation and
capture of individuals by hook-line, seine or harpoon. Molecular detection using environmental DNA
(eDNA) has the advantage of detect fish populations without direct observation or capture as well as go
into areas of difficult access i.e., deep areas and caves. In addition, eDNA detection with species specific
genetic markers reduces miss identification between close related species i.e., the red lionfish (P.
volitans) is usually confused with the devil firefish (Pterois miles). We recently developed primers and
probes for eDNA detection of the red lionfish (Moyer & Díaz-Ferguson 2013). The new set of primers
(FDLLFq and RDLFq) and a probe (PDLLF) have been proved to be effective using DNA extracted
from tissue of this species and also in water samples containing small amounts of lyophilized tissue (< 5
mg). Quantitative PCR lower limit of detection and CT were 0.001 ng/uL and 33 cycles respectively. We
also conducted density experiments in tanks showing that detection probability increased with density.
No detection was register in negative control and during cross species amplification experiments. Results
from this study will contribute to invasive species control plans and surveillance as well as inventory and
monitoring programs.
KEYWORDS: eDNA, qPCR, detection probability, limit of detection, density
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
71
Diversity in the Reproductive Behavior of Wrasses (Labridae)
at a Resident Spawning Aggregation Site
La Diversidad en el Comportamiento Reproductivo de los Peces Loro en un
Sitio Residente de Agregación Reproductiva
La Diversité dans le Comportement Reproducteur de Labres (Labridae)
sur un Site Resident Frai Agrégation
TERRY DONALDSON
University of Guam, Marine Laboratory – UOG Station, Mangilao, Guam 96923 USA.
ABSTRACT
At least twenty species of wrasses (Labridae) mate on a resident spawning aggregation site at Finger
Reef, Apra Harbor, Guam. There, I recorded the reproductive behavior of species (numbeer in
parentheses) in the following genera: Anampses (1), Cheilinus (4), Cheilio (1), Epibulus (1), Gomphosus
(1), Halichoeres (2), Hemigymnus (2), Macropharyngodon (1), Novaculicthys (1), Oxycheilinus (1),
Stethojulis (1) and Thalassoma (4). Mating systems varied from lek-like to haremic, promiscuous or
group, and facultative monogamy. Some species utilized only a single mating system while others were
variable depending upon the number of males and females present at the site. Regardless of the mating
system used, all species utilized a suite of courtship behaviors, and spawned pelagically with a release of
gametes at the apex of the spawning ascent into the water column. The height, rate, and mechanics of
the ascent varied between species and between mating systems. Males and females engaged also in
behaviors intended to maximize reproductive success while avoiding egg predation by predators at the
site.
KEYWORDS: Behavior patterns, courtship, lek-like behavior, mating system, reef fishes
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
72
Taking a Regional Perspective on the Pelagic Sargassum Influx
Una Perspectiva Regional sobre la Afluencia de Sargazo Pelágico
Une Perspective Régionale sur L'afflux de Sargassum Pélagique
EMMA DOYLE1 and JAMES FRANKS
2
1Gulf and Caribbean Fisheries Institute, 6510 Carrizo Falls Court, Houston, Texas 77041 USA.
*[email protected]. 2Gulf Coast Research Laboratory, University of Southern Mississippi,
703 Beach Drive, Ocean Springs, Mississippi 39564.
ABSTRACT
GCFI and several partners in the Caribbean region are variously working to better understand the origins
of the sargassum influx and to address the myriad impacts being observed on fisheries and livelihoods.
At the 64th, 65
th, and 67
th GCFI meetings, sole presentations were made about the sargassum influx. The
68th GCFI marks the first time that multiple presentations will focus on this subject, potentially in diverse
sessions and related to differing aspects of research and impact assessment. We will bring together the
content of these various presentations in a framework that will highlight the status of knowledge in
relation to subjects such as oceanography, coastal habitats and living resources, and impacts on fisheries
and livelihoods. This presentation will serve as a wrap-up about directions in research and management,
and comment on networking achieved at the 68th GCFI. It will also indicate gaps in knowledge and
outstanding needs for partnership building and support.
KEYWORDS: Sargassum
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
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MPA Management Challenges Through a Climate Change Lens
Desafíos para la Gestión de las AMPs a Través del Lente del Cambio Climático
Enjeux de la Gestion des Aires Marines Protégées à Travers
le Prisme du Changement Climatique
EMMA DOYLE*
1, ROBERT GLAZER
2, and MEGHAN GOMBOS
3
1Gulf and Caribbean Fisheries Institute, 6510 Carrizo Falls Court, Houston, Texas 77041 USA.
*[email protected]. 2 Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission,
2796 Overseas Highway, Marathon, Florida 33050 USA. 3SeaChange Consulting, LLC. Providence, Rhode Island 02903 USA.
ABSTRACT
GCFI and NOAA – CRCP are working with a group of nine MPAs in the Mesoamerican Reef Region to
strengthen local management capacity to improve and maintain resilience of coral reef ecosystems and
the human communities that depend upon them. This involves implementing tools and practices to more
effectively observe, predict, communicate and manage climate change impacts within this biologically
connected area of the Caribbean. The MPAs are working with partners, including at the Caribbean
Community Climate Change Centre, and are actively building on existing experience related to climate
change from the Pacific Ocean region. We will present a summary of lessons learned to date about how
MPAs in the Caribbean can start to manage climate change impacts.
KEYWORDS: Climate change, MPAs, Mesoamerican Reef
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
74
Bringing MPA Management Plans to Life Through New Communications Formats
Dando Vida a los Planes de Gestión de AMPs a Través de Nuevos Formatos de
Comunicación
Donner Vie à la Gestion de L'AMP Prévoit Denouveaux Formats de Communication
EMMA DOYLE*
1, ANNE MARIE HOFFMAN
2, and PAIGE ROTHENBERGER
3
1Gulf and Caribbean Fisheries Institute, 6510 Carrizo Falls Court, Houston, Texas 77041 USA.
*[email protected]. 2The Nature Conservancy 3TierraMar Consulting
ABSTRACT
In the last year, GCFI and NOAA‟s Coral Reef Conservation Program have assisted with the review of
MPA management plans in four Caribbean countries. During the management planning review process
for Sandy Island/Oyster Bed Marine Protected Area and Tobago Cays Marine Park, MPA managers,
staff, board members, and stakeholders indicated that they would welcome updated formatting to
facilitate both communication and implementation of the revised management plans. In particular, they
expressed interest in a user-friendly sectional approach, topline strategic priorities for different sections
of MPA management, and summaries or highlight materials as pull-outs. GCFI and TNC worked with
graphic design and GIS expertise to develop innovative outputs for the two participating MPAs. Through
the outputs created in this way, we helped the MPAs to keep the strategic priorities from the revised
management plans top of mind for MPA staff, boards, and stakeholders. This represents significant value
added to the review and updating of existing management plans, and has saved the new management
plans from being relegated to a shelf in the office. We will present these new materials and explain their
fit with common templates for MPA management planning and their usefulness for day-to-day MPA
management.
KEYWORDS: MPA, management planning, communications
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
75
From Shared MPA Objectives to Joint Monitoring and Adaptive Management Strategies
for Biologically Connected MPAs in the Grenadines
Desde Objetivos Compartidos hacia el Monitoreo Conjunto y el Desarrollo de Estrategias
de Manejo Adaptativo para AMPs Biológicamente Conectadas en las Granadinas
De Objectifs Communs Vers la Surveillance et le Développement en Commun de
Stratégies de Gestion Adaptative pour MPA Biologiquement Relié les Grenadines
EMMA DOYLE
1, MYLES PHILLIPS
2, PATRICIA KRAMER
3, and SEANN REGAN
4
1Gulf and Caribbean Fisheries Institute, 6510 Carrizo Falls Court, Houston, Texas 77041 USA.
*[email protected]. 2Sustainable Grenadines Inc., Kingstown, St. Vincent & the Grenadines.
3Atlantic and Gulf Rapid Reef Assessment Program, Healthy Reefs for Healthy People Initiative
4All Points Consulting
ABSTRACT
MPA managers are typically faced with numerous challenges, from limited budgets, few enforcement
staff and lack of management plans, to environmental issues crossing national boundaries. We worked
with the Network of Marine Protected Areas of the Grenadines to help address practical MPA
management challenges. The network is an exceptional initiative between biologically connected sites to
promote collaborative capacity building via annual meetings, joint training, exchanges and monitoring,
and sharing of success stories related to common goals. At the network‟s annual meetings, six MPAs
come together to discuss cross-boundary needs to strengthen coral reef management. In 2014, the focus
was on streamlining monitoring, building local capacity and reducing costs. The MPAs agreed upon a
minimum set of meaningful and feasible indicators to monitor that would generate information for
management decision making. They agreed on common protocols and target ranges for each indicator.
Data was gathered and findings were analysed against historical reference data and compared with
averages for the Caribbean. Gaps in monitoring were identified and a new basis was established for
tracking the state of coral reefs and for measuring progress in MPA management. In a major new
initiative, findings were interpreted using innovative infographic tools which served to highlight results
and underpin sound decision making by indicating shared priorities for adaptive management. MPA
managers regrouped to discuss these findings, share lessons learned and proactively shape next steps.
Our presentation will showcase these new tools and explain how the model could easily be adapted by
other MPAs to improve management.
KEYWORDS: MPA, management , monitoring, communications, infographic
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
76
Comparison of Historical and Contemporary Assemblages, Distributions,
and Relative Abundance of Sharks in the Gulf of Mexico and Caribbean
Sea as Inferred from Research Longline Catch Data
Comparación de los Ensamblajes Históricos y Actuales, Distribuciones y la Abundancia
Relativa de Tiburones en el Golfo de México y el Mar Caribe como se Deduce del Análisis
de Datos de Captura Palangrera
Comparaison des Assemblages Historiques et Contemporaines, les Distributions et
L'abondance Relative des Requins dans le Golfe du Mexique et des Caraïbes Mer comme
Déduite de la Recherche des Données de Capture à la Palangre
WILLIAM DRIGGERS III*, ERIC HOFFMAYER, KRISTIN HANNAN,
CHRISTIAN JONES, and LISA JONES
National Marine Fisheries Service, Mississippi Laboratories, 3209 Frederic Street,
Pascagoula, Mississippi 39567 USA. * [email protected].
ABSTRACT
In the early 1950‟s, the United States Bureau of Commercial Fisheries, now called the National Marine
Fisheries Service (NMFS), began conducting exploratory longline sets in search of underutilized
fisheries resources in the western North Atlantic Ocean, including the Gulf of Mexico and the Caribbean
Sea. A total of 418 pelagic and bottom longline sets were conducted from 1952-1983 and resulted in the
capture of 1,990 fishes throughout the region. While the primary objective of these experimental
longline sets was to develop efficient methods for catching scombrids, approximately 35% of fishes
captured were sharks belonging to the families Lamniformes and Carcharhiniformes. The resulting data
offer perhaps the only available historical record of species-specific distributions, relative abundance and
species composition of coastal and pelagic sharks in tropical and subtropical waters of the western North
Atlantic Ocean before and after the establishment of commercial longline fisheries within the region.
This presentation will summarize results of the early exploratory studies as well as compare and contrast
those results with recent NMFS longline survey data collected around Cuba, Navassa Islands, Puerto
Rico, US Virgin Islands and throughout the northern Gulf of Mexico.
KEYWORDS: Pelagic, experimental, demersal, Laminformes, Carcharhiniformes
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
77
Developing a Shark Management Plan for Bermuda: An Alternative Approach
El Desarrollo de un Plan para la Gestión de los Tiburones en las Bermudas:
Un Método Alternativo
Élaboration D'un Plan de Gestion des Requins dans les Bermudes:
Une Méthode Alternative
ELEANOR DRINKWATER*
1, JOANNA PITT
2, and BEN COLLEN
1
1Department of Genetics, Evolution, and Environment – Division of Biosciences,
University College of London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6B United Kingdom.
*[email protected]. 2Department of Environmental Protection, Bermuda Government, 3 Coney Island Road, Bermuda.
ABSTRACT
Sharks are in decline globally, generating concern at national and international levels. However,
management bodies in smaller jurisdictions often lack the resources to assess the status of local shark
populations and their associated fisheries. Here, we present the results of an alternative approach for
assessing the shark fishery in Bermuda. We described patterns in shark landings over time using records
from the small-scale commercial fishery, and conducted semi-structured interviews with 31 shark fishing
stakeholders (26 fishers and 5 conservationists). The interviews examined current fishing and marketing
practices, recorded 12 shark species caught plus some unknowns, identified known pupping locations,
and assessed species-specific vulnerability to fishing around Bermuda. The most common response from
those surveyed was that shark populations around Bermuda have declined in the past 30 years. However,
a minority of frequent shark fishers believed additional management of sharks was necessary because of
a perception that local fishing has a negligible effect on shark populations. The rebound potential of the
shark species known from Bermuda waters was calculated by applying a derived Euler-Lotka equation to
published life history data. This generalised metric along with international management
recommendations was combined with the stakeholder-derived data to develop a management plan for
sharks in Bermuda waters. This study highlights the importance of engaging resource users when
developing management plans and demonstrates how their input may be used to evaluate exploited
populations. This approach may be useful for gathering information from other data-poor small scale
fisheries to assist with the development of management plans.
KEYWORDS: Sharks, Bermuda, management, local ecological knowledge
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
78
Exploring the Vulnerability of a Tropical Upwelling Ecosystem to Biomass Reduction:
The Gulf of Salamanca Case, Caribbean Sea Off Colombia
Explorando la Vulnerabilidad de un Ecosistema Marino Tropical a la Reducción de
Biomasa: El Caso del Golfo de Salamanca, Mar Caribe de Colombia
Vulnérabilité D'un Ecosystème Tropical De Up-Welling A La Réduction De La Biomasse:
L'affaire Du Golfe De Salamanque, Caraïbes Colombiennes
LUIS ORLANDO DUARTE*1, FRANCISCO ARREGUÍN-SÁNCHEZ
2,
and FABIÁN ESCOBAR-TOLEDO2
1Universidad del Magdalena, Laboratorio de Investigaciones Pesqueras Tropicales,
Cra 32 # 22-08 Santa Marta, Colombia. *[email protected]. 2Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Centro Interdisciplinario de Cien,
Apartado Postal 592, La Paz, Baja California Sur, México.
ABSTRACT
Several demersal fish species of the Caribbean Sea off Colombia have shown a biomass decreasing
trend. The degree of vulnerability of the ecosystem to the biomass loss that could mean fragility to
environmental variability and climate change should be assessed. For this purpose, a functional measure
of vulnerability related to the degree of loss of self-organization of the ecosystem was calculated as the
slope of the relationship between the increase of entropy due to the decrease in the biomass of each
biotic component of the system and the trophic level of that component. The analysis was based on an
ecotrophic model built for the Gulf of Salamanca (Colombian Caribbean Sea). A pattern of gradual
decline in the biomass of each functional group was simulated to reach 2% of the initial biomass after 50
years. The functional groups used for the simulations included lower (phytoplankton, macroalgae),
intermediate (zooplankton, small pelagic fishes, shrimp, crabs) and upper trophic levels (pelagic
predatory fishes, snappers, sharks). Simulated disturbances in the lower trophic levels generated the
highest values of entropy, consistent with a negative slope in the relationship between entropy increase
and trophic level. The low value of the slope (-0683; r2 = 0.372) suggests that the ecosystem tends to be
more vulnerable than other systems analyzed in this way previously. The results support the plans of
integrated ecosystem management and indicate that excessive reductions in biomass can threaten the
self-organization capacity of the ecosystem, which can become crucial to face climate variability.
KEYWORDS: Ecotrophic models, ecosystem, vulnerability, climate change, fisheries
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
79
Caracterización de la Dieta de Thunnus atlanticus en la
Isla de San Andrés, Mar Caribe de Colombia
Dietary Characterization of Thunnus atlanticus
in San Andres Island, Caribbean Sea Off Colombia
Caractérisation Alimentaire de Thunnus atlanticus à Île de San Andres,
Mer des Caraïbes de la Colombie
LUIS ORLANDO DUARTE*
1, ANDRÉS GONZÁLEZ
2, ANTHONY ROJAS
2,
LEIDY LARA2, HUGO WILSON
2, and ERICK CASTRO
2
1Universidad del Magdalena, Laboratorio de Investigaciones Pesqueras Tropicales, Cra 32 # 22-08
Santa Marta, Colombia. *[email protected]. 2Gobernación de San Andrés, Providencia y Santa Catalina, Secretaría de Agricultura y Pesca,
Avenida Francisco Newball No. 6-30, Edificio Coral Palace, San Andrés Isla, Colombia.
RESUMEN
Thunnus atlanticus representa una de las especies pelágicas dominantes y de importancia comercial en el
Archipiélago de San Andrés, Providencia y Santa Catalina en el Mar Caribe de Colombia. El estudio de
sus relaciones alimentarias es, por tanto, de importancia ecológica y pesquera en el contexto del manejo
ecosistémico. Se evaluó la dieta de T. atlanticus a partir de muestreos realizados con trolling durante
diciembre (2011 y 2012), enero, marzo y abril (2013) en la Isla de San Andrés. Se calcularon medidas
relativas de cuantificación de presas (gravimétrica, numérica y ocurrencia) así como los índices de
Relativa Importancia (RI) y de Levin para caracterizar la composición alimentaria y el grado de
especialización trófica. Un total de 102 estómagos fueron analizados, 6 de los cuales estuvieron vacíos.
Los tamaños de los individuos de T. atlanticus examinados osciló entre 292 y 595 mm LT. Se encontró
una tendencia asintótica en la curva de acumulación especies-presa (índice Chao 2) que indica que la
muestra fue suficiente para representar la dieta. De acuerdo a la importancia relativa, los peces óseos
fueron la presa principal en la dieta (RI = 43%), los crustáceos decápodos (RI = 27%) y cefalópodos (RI
= 19%) resultaron ser presas secundarias y los estomatópodos, isópodos y gastrópodos, presas
ocasionales (RI < 9%). Dentro de los peces óseos se destacó la familia Carangidae; en los decápodos la
familia Majidae y en los cefalópodos, la familia Sepiolidae. Se obtuvo un bajo valor en el índice de
Levin (0,388) lo que sugiere poca amplitud de la dieta, es decir, un comportamiento especialista. El
presente estudio contribuye con el conocimiento de la ecología trófica de T. atlanticus, como insumo
para un manejo pesquero integral.
PALABRAS CLAVES: Ecología trófica, peces pelágicos, pesquerías, manejo ecosistémico,
alimentación
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
80
Feeding Ecology and Prey Selectivity of Invasive Lionfish
(Pterois volitans and P. miles) In Bermuda
Ecología Alimentaria y Selectividad de Presa del Pez León Invasor
(Pterois volitans y P. miles) en las Bermudas
L'écologie de L'alimentation et Sélectivité Des Proies Des Poissons-Lions
(Pterois volitans et P. miles) dans les Bermudes
COREY EDDY*1, JOANNA PITT
2, STRUAN SMITH
3,
GRETCHEN GOODBODY-GRINGLEY4, ALEX CHEQUER
5, and DIEGO BERNAL
1
1University of Massachusetts Dartmouth, Bermuda Lionfish Task Force,
4 Chrislin Way, Natick, Massachusetts 01760 USA. *[email protected]. 2Government of Bermuda, Department of Environmental Protection,
P.O. Box CR52, Crawl CRBX Bermuda. 3Bermuda Natural History Museum, Bermuda Aquarium, Museum, and Zoo,
P.O. Box FL145, Flatts FL BX Bermuda. 4Bermuda Institute of Ocean Sciences, 17 Biological Lane, Ferry Reach, St. George GE01 Bermuda.
5Ocean Support Foundation, Suite 1222 48 Par-la-Ville Road, Hamilton HM11 Bermuda.
ABSTRACT
As a generalist and opportunistic predator, lionfish have a voracious appetite for anything and
everything, consuming large quantities of juvenile reef fish and invertebrates, as well as the adults of
small-bodied species. Lacking natural predators in the Atlantic Ocean, invasive populations may reach
densities far greater than found in their native range. As such, invasive lionfish could cause significant
ecological disruption if their populations are not controlled. To better understand the impacts of this
species upon invaded coral reef ecosystems, information on their feeding behavior, resource use, and the
structure of the native fish communities is required. It is also important to determine whether lionfish
selectively choose prey items, whether their feeding behavior is primarily based upon prey availability,
or if it is, in fact, truly indiscriminate. We describe the diet of Bermuda‟s invasive lionfish population
based on stomach contents analysis, examining patterns among fish of varying sizes, at different depths,
and across seasons. By comparing lionfish stomach contents to the abundance and distribution of
potential prey species acquired from underwater visual fish surveys, we calculate indices of selectivity
and discuss the implications of these results.
KEYWORDS: Invasive lionfish, feeding ecology, stomach contents, resource use, prey selection
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
81
Utilization of Steroid Hormones Extracted from the Skeletal Muscle Tissue to Determine
Sex and Reproductive State of Atlantic Bluefin Tuna (Thunnus thynnus)
La Utilización de Hormonas Esteroides Extraídas del Tejido Muscular Esquelético para
Determinar el Sexo y Estado Reproductivo del Atún Rojo del Atlántico (Thunnus thynnus)
Utilisation des Hormones Stéroïdes Extraites du Tissu Musculaire Squelettique
pour Déterminer le Sexe et L' état reproducteur de Thon Rouge de L'Atlantique
(Thunnus thynnus)
LAURA ELLIS*1, WALT GOLET
2, and JAMES SULIKOWSKI
1
1University of New England, 11 Hills Beach Biddeford, Maine 04005 USA.
*[email protected]. 2University of Maine, Gulf of Maine Research Institute,
350 Commercial Street, Portland Maine 04101 USA.
ABSTRACT
Atlantic bluefin tuna (Thunnus thynnus) are among the most sought after commercial fish in the world‟s
oceans. As a consequence, the Atlantic population is considered to be overfished. Proper management
of any exploited species requires routine biological sampling to determine age, growth, and reproductive
status to understand stock structure and population abundance. However, sexual identification of bluefin
tuna can be problematic as the majority of the catch is brought to port with their reproductive tracts
removed. Skeletal muscle tissue has recently been found to be a depot for steroid hormones and their
metabolites in many species, including bluefin tuna. Given this, the objectives were: (i) to attain a more
comprehensive understanding of muscle steroid hormones in bluefin tuna; (ii) to determine whether this
approach is appropriate for studying the reproductive biology of this species (iii) to determine whether
skeletal muscle steroid hormones can be used as non-lethal indicators of reproductive status in this
teleost. To date estradiol (E2) and testosterone (T) has been quantified for 9 female (FL, 191 + 34 cm;
119 + 71 kg) and 27 males (212 + 27 cm; 130 + 47 kg). Preliminary results suggest that female
concentrations of E2 (1175 + 812 pg/g) are higher when compared to those of males (770+ 506 pg/g),
while males have a higher level of T (1768 + 1258 pg/g) compared /to females (811 + 208 pg/g). These
collective results suggest that muscle tissue may serve as a means to investigate aspects of reproductive
biology of bluefin tuna both from gutted fish and from live individuals in the field.
KEYWORDS: Steroid hormones, bluefin tuna, sex determination, muscle biopsy, radioimmunoassay
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
82
Interactions Between Invasive Lionfish and a Native Predator,
Red Grouper (Epinephelus morio)
Las Interacciones entre El Pez Léon y un Depredator Nativo,
Cherna Americana (Epinephelus morio)
Interactions entre L‟espèce Invasive Poisson-lion et un Prédateur Indigène,
Le Mérou Rouge (Epinephelus morio)
ROBERT ELLIS1and MEAGHAN FALETTI
2
1Florida State University - NOAA Fisheries, 3311 16th Street NW, Washington, DC 20010 USA.
*[email protected]. 2Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission, 620 S. Meridian Street,
Tallahassee, Florida 32399 USA.
ABSTRACT
The introduction of the Indo-Pacific lionfish (Pterois volitans/miles) to the western Atlantic, Caribbean,
and Gulf of Mexico has led to extensive investigation into the life history traits and ecological impacts of
this invasive species. Subsequent declines in the abundance and biomass of small demersal coral reef
fishes have been well documented; however potential competitive and behavioral interactions between
native predators and invasive lionfish are less well understood. During the summer of 2013 we
experimentally altered the presence of both lionfish and red grouper (Epinephelus morio) in solution
holes and tracked changes in juvenile reef fish and motile macroinvertebrate communities for six weeks.
Compared to control sites where both predators were excluded, mean juvenile reef fish abundance was
83.7% lower in solution holes with a lionfish but 154% higher in solution holes with a red grouper.
Juvenile reef fish abundance was not significantly different in holes where both predators were
simultaneously present or absent. We documented a shift in lionfish stomach contents from mostly
teleost fishes when alone to mostly crustaceans in the presence of the red grouper. The abundances of
two species of cleaner shrimp (Ancylomenes pedersoni and Periclimenes yucatanicus) decreased by
14.7% when lionfish were present but increased by 56.2% when lionfish were excluded. We suggest that
these results were caused by altered lionfish predatory behavior in the presence of the larger red grouper.
Behavioral interactions between lionfish and native predators highlight the importance of maintaining
intact native predator communities to ameliorate the negative effects of the Lionfish invasion.
KEYWORDS: Lionfish, grouper, behavior, predation, Florida
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
83
Addressing Invasive Lionfish in the State of Florida, USA:
Outreach, Control Efforts, and Future Directions
Abordando la Invasión del Pez León en el Estado de Florida, EEUU:
Divulgación, Control y Planes a Futuro
Aborder Les Poissons-Lions Envahissants Dans L'état De Floride Aux États Unis : La
Sensibilisation, Les Efforts De Contrôle Et Les Orientations Futures
MEAGHAN FALETTI
Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission, 620 S. Meridian Street,
Tallahassee, Florida 32399-1600 USA. [email protected].
ABSTRACT
The first reported sighting of invasive lionfish occurred in 1985 off Dania Beach, Florida. The Florida
Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission (FWC) is taking actions to combat this invasion and
prevent further damage to native marine ecosystems. In recent years, FWC has implemented rule
changes to allow uninhibited harvest of lionfish, hosted summits to collect stakeholder feedback on state
involvement in lionfish control, created a Lionfish Outreach Program to encourage further participation
in lionfish removals throughout the state, and initiated a draft Lionfish Control Plan specific to the state
of Florida.
Here, we address the specific rule changes that have been approved to assist stakeholders in removal of
invasive lionfish and gauge their effectiveness based on public surveys. We review goals and lessons
learned from the stakeholder meetings and summits FWC has held and how this has led to the draft of a
state Lionfish Control Plan. We also review the accomplishments of the Lionfish Outreach Program and
its future directions. This includes the expansion of the Reef Rangers Lionfish Control Program, in
which divers pledge to clean lionfish off their local reefs and engage with other dive groups in their
community.
The FWC highly encourages removals of lionfish from Florida waters, and continually seeks out new
ways in which to control this invasive species.
KEYWORDS: Lionfish, Florida, Lionfish Control Plan, Lionfish Outreach Program
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
84
Regional Cooperation to Face Sargassum Influx Around the Wider Caribbean
Cooperación Regional para Hacer Frente a la Afluencia de Sargassum por el Gran Caribe
Coopération Régionale pour Faire Face à L‟arrivée Massive de Sargasses
dans la Grande Région Caraïbe
FRÉDÉRIQUE FARDIN
1, JULIE BELMONT
1, ANNE FONTAINE
1,
ALESSANDRA VANZELLA-KHOURI2, and KAREN MCDONALD GAYLE
2
1SPAW-RAC, Parc National de la Guadeloupe, Saint-Claude,
97120 Guadeloupe, French West Indies.
* [email protected]. 2UNEP-CEP SPAW, Secretariat 14-20 Port Royal Street, Kingston, Jamaica.
ABSTRACT
Since 2011, the Wider Caribbean Region has been experiencing a massive influx of brown seaweed
(Sargassum natans and Sargassum fluitans) on its shores. Given the observed and potential impacts from
economic, environmental and health perspectives, there is a growing recognition of the urgent need to
share information, lessons learnt and best practices about the management of this unprecedented
phenomenon. The Regional Activity Center for the Protocol Concerning Specially Protected Areas and
Wildlife (SPAW-RAC) is working under the aegis of UNEP through its Caribbean Environment
Programme to support cooperation between countries for the protection of the marine and coastal
biodiversity. Following a decision of the last Conference Of Parties of the SPAW Protocol in December
2014, identification of regional efforts and initiatives on the Sargassum issue has begun, as well as the
establishment of an on-line forum to help with information gathering and exchange between stakeholders
with interests in the matter (e.g. Caribbean Countries, Sargasso Sea Commission, Universities from the
Caribbean and beyond). This forum facilitates discussion on (i) the science for understanding the
phenomenon and (ii) the management of the algae (collection, disposal/use), and ultimately its impacts.
It will involve groups with common goals such as the tourism sector, resource managers or Sea Turtle
conservation stakeholders. For each theme, synthesis of the collected information will be presented,
including commitment feedback from different countries on the management of the phenomenon. We
will highlight common and different approaches and discuss unresolved questions and areas of work for
the future.
KEYWORDS: Sargassum, influx, cooperation, Caribbean
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
85
How Many Lionfish are Too Many Lionfish? Estimating Target Densities and Costs
Associated with Manual Removal of Invasive Lionfish Stocks in a Marine Reserve in
Belize
Cuántos Peces León son Demasiados Peces León? Estimando Umbrales Críticos
de Densidad y Costos Asociados con la Extracción Manual del Pez León
en una Reserva Marina en Belize
Estimation de la Densité et des Coûts Associés à L'enlèvement Manuel Cible des Stocks de
poissons-lions Envahissantes dans une Réserve Marine au Belize
KATHRYN ANN FIELDS*1 and DIEGO VALDERRAMA
1University of Florida, Food and Resource Economics Department, 1107 McCarty Hall B,
P.O. Box 110240, Gainesville, Florida 32611 USA. *[email protected].
ABSTRACT
Two species of Indo-Pacific lionfish (Pterois volitans and P. miles) have invaded and rapidly expanded
throughout the tropical Western Atlantic since the 1980s. Lionfish established in Belize in 2008 and their
population has since grown rapidly. As eradication of lionfish is unfeasible, scientists are urging for the
implementation of lionfish management plans to reduce the environmental and economic impacts of the
invasion. Data on prey fish and lionfish densities as well as spearfishing catch rates were collected from
dive trips at Bacalar Chico Marine Reserve (BCMR), northern Belize, in 2014. These data were used to
compute rates of biomass production by prey fish as well as consumption rates by lionfish, leading to
preliminary estimates of target lionfish densities beyond which declines in the biomass of native prey
species would occur. Production of prey fish biomass was estimated at 326 kg/ha/year. Given that
preliminary surveys place lionfish densities at BCMR at 27 ± 9 lionfish/ha, the annual rate of prey
consumption was estimated at approximately 270 kg/ha/year. Although local productivity of prey fish
populations may be high enough to compensate for lionfish predation, culling programs are still
recommended to ensure a target density of around 32 lionfish/ha is not exceeded. These preliminary
estimates will be further refined based on the results of continued biological sampling at the reserve.
Information is also presented on the fishing costs involved in reaching the target densities in order to
assess the economic viability of manual removal techniques as a long-term management strategy for
invasive lionfish stocks.
KEYWORDS: Lionfish, target densities, removal programs, Belize
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
86
Valor Económico de los Tiburones y Rayas para el Buceo Contemplativo
en el Parque Nacional Jardines de la Reina, Cuba
Economic Value of Sharks and Rays in Recreational Diving
in Gardens of the Queen National Park, Cuba
La Valeur Économique des Requins et des Raies a Travers de la Plongée Récreative
dans le Parc National des Jardins de la Reine, Cuba
TAMARA FIGUEREDO MARTÍN*
1and FABIÁN PINA AMARGÓS
2
1Centro de Investigaciones de Ecosistemas Costero, Ave. Los Almácigos,
Cayo Coco Morón, Ciego de Ávi 69400 Cuba. *[email protected].
RESUMEN
Cada día los tiburones y rayas cobran mayor importancia para el buceo contemplativo,
fundamentalmente dentro de Áreas Protegidas Marinas. El Parque Nacional Jardines de la Reina es
reconocido a nivel internacional por la calidad de su buceo contemplativo. Estudios desarrollados para
realizar la caracterización de las actividades turísticas de este Parque Nacional, han arrojado que dentro
de los principales atractivos del área, el 85% corresponde a peces, animales grandes y tiburones.
Especialmente dentro de los vertebrados marinos, el 68% de los encuestados ubican los tiburones y rayas
como los preferidos. A pesar de que la visitación al área se mantiene limitada, con alrededor de 1100
buceadores anuales, esta actividad aporta ingresos importantes. Teniendo en cuenta los ingresos
percibido por la empresa turística que explota el buceo en Jardines de la Reina y el porciento que
representan los tiburones y rayas dentro de los principales atractivos, se puede estimar que como mínimo
el buceo con tiburones anualmente genera $460,000. Si se realiza un estimado del efecto multiplicador
que tiene el buceo de Jardines de la Reina, para otras empresas del país por gastos de alojamiento y
transportación, la media de los buceadores de Jardines de la Reina están en Cuba una semana adicional,
gastando como promedio 1,1 veces más del pago promedio en Jardines de la Reina, por lo que se estima
que el buceo con tiburones anualmente puede generar hasta $966,000.
KEYWORDS: Tiburones y rayas, áreas protegidas marinas, Jardines de la Reina, buceo contemplativo,
ingresos
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
87
Environmental Variations and Population Changesat Local Scale:
Fishes of the Gerreidae Family in Laguna de Términos, Campeche, México
Variaciones Ambientales y Cambios Poblacionales a Escala Local:
Peces de la Familia Gerreidae en Laguna de Términos, Campeche, México
Variations Environmentales et Changements dans les Populations à Échelle Locale:
Poissons de la Famille Gerreidae dans la Laguna de Términos, Campeche, Mexique
DOMINGO FLORES HERNÁNDEZ*, JULIA RAMOS MIRANDA, and ATAHUALPA SOSA-
LÓPEZ
Instituto EPOMEX, Universidad Autónoma de Campeche, Héroe de Nacozari #480,
Campeche 24090 México. *[email protected].
ABSTRACT
La laguna de Términos es conocida por gran biodiversidad ictiofaunística, la cual es explicada por una
gran variedad de hábitats. Actualmente, esta biodiversidad se ha visto afectada tanto por cambios
antropogénicos como desarrollo de la industria petrolera en mar abierto, desarrollo urbano en ciudad del
Carmen, destrucción de hábitats por la tala de manglar, destrucción de bancos de pastos marinos,
modificación de la sedimentación, pesca, así como modificaciones de la hidrología del sistema mar-
laguna-sistemas fluviolagunares. En este trabajo se comparan la evolución de peces de la familia
Gerreidae en relación a cambios en las variables físico-quimicas de la laguna que influenciaron
variaciones poblacionales en dichas especies. Se determinó que globalmente los gerreidos tuvieron 1,046
individuos en 1980, 4,458 en 1998 y 2,019 en 2010; asimismo, Diapterus rhombeus, Eucinostomus gula
y E. argenteus fueron especies ganadoras; mientras que D. auratus y Eugerres plumieri fueron especies
perdedoras. Se calcularon los traslapes de nichos entre D. rhombeus y E. argenteus, coincidieron en 64.7
y 82.4% en los puntos en 1998 y 2010 aunque tienen el mismo espectro trófico, en el 2010, E. argenteus
se registró en todos los puntos de muestreo en 2010, mientras que D. rhombeus sólo en estuv en 82.4 %
de los sitios. Esto permite concluir que los cambios ambientales en la Laguna de Términos afectan
diferencialmente la abundancia de los peces gerreidos, de los cuales E. argenteus ha mostrado
recientemente mayor capacidad de adaptación.
KEYWORDS: Environmental change, populations, sdaptation, Laguna de Términos, Mexico
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
88
Comparing Age and Growth Patterns of Invasive Lionfish
Among Three Ecoregions of the Northern Gulf of Mexico
Comparación de los Patrones de Edad y Crecimiento del Pez León Invasor
en Tres Ecoregiones del Norte del Golfo de México
Comparaison Des Paramètres De Croissance Et De La Distribution Des Classes D'âge
Chez L'espèce Invasive De Poisson-Lion Dans Trois Co-Régions Du Nord Du Golfe Du
Mexique
ALEXANDER FOGG*1, JOSEPH EVANS
2, MARK PETERSON
1,
WALTER INGRAM3, and NANCY BROWN-PETERSON
1
1University of Southern Mississippi, Department of Coastal Sciences,
703 East Beach Drive, Ocean Springs, Mississippi 39564 USA. *[email protected]. 2South Carolina Department of Natural Resources, Marine Resource Research Institute,
P.O. Box 12559, Charleston, South Carolina 29422 USA. 3National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Marine Fisheries Servicem
3209 Fredric Street, Pascagoula Mississippi 39567 USA.
ABSTRACT
Invasive lionfish (Pterois sp.) have rapidly spread throughout the northern Gulf of Mexico (nGOM)
partly due to their high growth rate. Since 2012, more than 15,000 lionfish have been collected from the
nGOM across three ecoregions: southeast, northeast, and west. Sagittal otoliths (n = 1,546) were
removed from lionfish (81 – 434 mm total length), embedded, and sectioned prior to age determination.
Otoliths were read by two separate readers for agreement and ages ranged from 0 to 4.5 years old (mean
= 1.35) confirming lionfish in the nGOM in 2008, two years prior to first detection. A truncated von
Bertalanffy growth curve was fit to the age data and separate model parameters were determined for
each sex and region for comparison. A sum of squares reduction test determined regional sex
differences as well as differences between sex and region. There were significant differences between
sexes in all three regions and between regions within both sexes (all p < 0.01) as males achieved greater
instantaneous growth rate (K) and larger asymptotic maximum lengths (Linf) compared to females. It is
clear that the southeast region had the highest „K‟ and the west region had the lowest „K‟. On the other
hand, Linf is smallest in the west region and highest in the southeast region. This information coupled
with other life history information in each region is essential for creating management plans that will
help mitigate the effects lionfish are having on the native ecosystem.
KEYWORDS: Invasive, lionfish, Pterois, Scorpaenidae, Gulf of Mexico
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
89
Size-Maturity Indicators in Queen Conch (Strombus gigas) of Port Honduras Marine
Reserve, Belize: Strengthening Management for Improved Fisheries Sustainability
Indicadores de Talla y Madurez en Caracol Rosado (Strombus gigas)
de la Reserva Marina de Port Honduras, Belice:
Fortaleciendo la Gestión para Mejorar la Sostenibilidad de la Pesquería
Indicateurs Taille - Maturité dans Lambi (Strombus gigas)
de Réserve Marine Port Honduras, Belize :
Renforcement de la Gestion pour L'amélioration de la Durabilité de la Pêche
JAMES FOLEY*and MIWA TAKAHASHI
Toledo Institute for Development and Environment, 1 mile San Antonio Road,
Punta Gorda, Toledo District, Belize. *[email protected].
ABSTRACT
Queen conch (Strombus gigas) is a large gastropod found throughout the Caribbean, where it is a food
source and economically important export product. S. gigas has been overfished in many regions, and
international trade in S. gigas is now regulated under CITES. This study aims to determine the most
reliable proxy indicator(s) of maturity in S. gigas specific to Port Honduras Marine Reserve (PHMR),
southern Belize. Relationships between shell dimensions and maturity vary in different areas and need to
be determined locally. In Belize, a minimum shell length (SL) of 17.8cm regulates queen conch
extraction; intended to protect immature conch from harvest before reproducing. However, evidence
suggests lip thickness is a more reliable proxy indicator of maturity. Fisheries-dependent and -
independent surveys for PHMR indicate fishers are complying with the shell length limit, yet the
proportion of catch with lip thickness < 9 mm (minimum maturity threshold in other studies) increased
from 30% in 2009 to 90% in 2012. Queen conch were collected from PHMR in 2015 and shell length,
lip thickness, lip width, operculum dimensions, and meat weight were compared with gonadosomatic
index. Initial results suggest a stronger relationship between lip thickness and maturity based on
gonadosomatic index (r 2
= 0.44), with little or no correlation for shell length (r2
= 0.02) or operculum
length:width ratio (r2 = 0.06). Histological analysis of ovarian and testicular tissues, complete in October
2015, will confirm maturity relationships. These results will inform revisions to national legislation to
incorporate lip thickness into size limit regulations for queen conch in PHMR.
KEYWORDS: Conch, management, size, maturity, Belize
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
90
Regional Management Geared to the Conservation of Sharks
Gestión Regional Orientada a la Conservación de Tiburones
Gestion Régional pour la Conservation des Requins
REBECA FRANKE ANTE
Parques Nacionales Naturales de Colombia, Territ Calle 17 # 4-06, Santa Marta,
Magdalena 470004 Colombia. [email protected].
ABSTRACT
Colombia cuenta con políticas para la conservación de tiburones, pero en la práctica se requiere un
mayor esfuerzo que involucre instituciones y organizaciones nacionales e internacionales. En particular
las grandes especies requieren mayores espacios y ningún área protegida cumple con proteger todo el
ciclo de vida. Otras especies son más locales y permanentemente tienen un papel de depredador tope en
un área protegida. Definir cuáles son esas especies en cada área protegida e identificar los
requerimientos de conservación de las más grandes es una de las tareas para los investigadores. Sin
embargo el mayor reto está en lograr construir e implementar una estrategia entre los países del Gran
Caribe que facilite la conservación y manejo sostenible de tiburones como especies clave en la
resiliencia de ecosistemas marinos y continentales de la región. Por lo tanto, se propone desarrollar un
proyecto con enfoque multiescalar, que integre las áreas marinas protegidas y otras figuras de
conservación. Igualmente se plantea diseñar una campaña masiva que genere voluntades en pro de la
recuperación de los tiburones.
KEYWORDS: Conservación, áreas protegidas, Caribe, tiburones
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
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Massive Sargassum Invasion of Tropical Atlantic Countries:
Understanding and Prediction
Invasión Masiva de Sargazo en Países del Atlántico Tropical: Comprensión y Predicción
Invasion Massive par les Sargasses des Pays Tropicaux Atlantique:
Compréhension et Prédiction du Phénomène
JAMES FRANKS* and DONALD JOHNSON
University of Southern Mississippi, Gulf Coast Research Laboratory,
703 East Beach Drive, Ocean Springs, Mississippi 39564 USA. * [email protected].
ABSTRACT
Since 2011, unprecedented quantities of pelagic sargassum have inundated coastal waters and shorelines
of the tropical Atlantic, extending from Brazil to eastern and western Caribbean nations. Our previous
findings from back-tracking the sargassum movements indicated transport pathways connected to the
North Equatorial Recirculation Region (NERR). Several northern tropical Atlantic climate indices with
decadal-scale oscillations reached historical maxima/minima during 2010 preceding the first 2011 influx
event. We are building a hypothesis that suggests climate related variations in equatorial Atlantic
circulation, in association with nutrient enrichment, resulted in conditions supportive of sargassum
growth, blooming, consolidation and transport into the Caribbean. Massive influx of sargassum is
continuing well into 2015, and since 2011, the quantity of sargassum and frequency of influx eventsare
compromising living marine resources, habitats, economies, and community life in affected regions.
Among unknowns critical to studies of bloom genesis and influx are: why the occurrence this decade;
where within the NERR did the bloom originate; is a critical mass of sargassum required to initiate an
immense bloom (define critical in this context); what sources/patterns of nutrient input fueled the bloom;
what is the sargassum growth rate in the NERR; when was bloomed sargassum first „flushed‟ from the
NERR; what is the current distribution and biomass of sargassum with the NERR; what is the long-term
prognosis for bloom events? Research addressing gaps in knowledge will support building a fundamental
understanding of recent bloom and invasion events and facilitate development of prediction capabilities
important for resource management in tropical Atlantic countries.
KEYWORDS: Sargassum, bloom, invasion, Caribbean, Tropical Atlantic
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
92
Community of Fishermen Provides Relevant Data on Fisheries as Baseline Information
for the Declaration of a New Coral Reef Protected Area in the Caribbean of Colombia
Comunidad de Pescadores Proporciona Datos Pertinentes sobre la Pesca
como Información de Base para la Declaración de una
Nueva Área Protegida de Arrecifes de Coral en el Caribe De Colombia
Communauté des Pêcheurs Fournit des Données Pertinentes sur la Pêche que des
Informations de Base pour la Déclaration D'un Nouveau Récif de Corail Zone Protégée
dans les Caraïbes de la Colombie
NOHORA GALVIS*, ROSA HELENA GALVIS, and DAVID HIGUITA
Fundación ICRI Colombia, Calle 97A No. 60D-88, Bogotá, Colombia.
ABSTRACT
Active participation of the community of fishermen from Carpurganá in the process of declaration of the
New Marine Coral Reef Protected Area by the National Parks Authority in alliance with the Foundation
ICRI Colombia. Reliable data gathered from 2009 till present is provided by PESCAPUR the Fishermen
Association that join the whole community in their request for a soon improvement of management
effectiveness within a IUCN Category to avoid oil spill exploration that will mean a threat to their food
security depending on the artisanal coral reef fisheries and ecotourism.
KEYWORDS: Coral reefs, effectiveness, lionfish, fisheries, management
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
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Evidence of Fishermen Controlling Deep Populations of Lionfish in Colombia:
Case Study Capurgana, Choco, Caribbean Sea
Evidencia de Pescadores que Controlan las Poblaciones Profundas del Pez León en
Colombia: Estudio de Caso: Capurgana, Choco, Mar Caribe
Preuve de Pêcheurs qui Controlent les Populations Profondes de Lionfish en Colombie
Étude de Cas : Capurgana, Choco, Mer des Caraïbes
NOHORA GALVIS and ROSA HELENA GALVIS
Fundación ICRI Colombia, Calle 97A No. 60D-88, Bogotá, Colombia.
ABSTRACT
This is a case study of a successful participatory scheme implemented by the Foundation ICRI Colombia
at local level. Fisheries Data from artisanal fisheries show how the presence of lionfishes and the
overfishing of other species have impacted the fisheries productivity.
Reliable data was gathered to feed the route for declaration of the potential new coral reef protected area,
since 2008 with the collaboration of the accountant from the Fisheries Association PESCAPUR and the
Network of Volunteer Observers RENOVOS (created by Foundation ICRI Colombia). Evidence of
fishermen controlling deep populations will be provided with specific fishing gear and specific
participatory management in the potential New Marine Protected Area (Process of declaration by the
National Parks Authority in alliance with the Foundation ICRI Colombia)
KEYWORDS: Lionfish, fisheries, CPEU, community, fishermen
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
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Distribución, Abundancia y Transporte Larval de Tres Especies Endémicas
de la Familia Sciaenidae en el Alto Golfo de California
Distribution, Abundance and Larval Transportation of Three Endemic Species
of Sciaenidae Family of the Upper Gulf of California
Répartition des Richesses et le Transport des Larves de Trois Espèces Endémiques
à la Famille Sciaenidae dans le Golfe de Californie Haute
YULIESKY GARCÉS*, LAURA SÁNCHEZ-VELASCO, and NOÉ DíAZ-VILORIA
Instituto Politecnico Nacional (IPN), Centro Interdisciplinario de Ciencias Marinas,
Av. IPN s/n, La Paz, Baja California Sur 23096 Mexico. *[email protected].
RESUMEN
Existe desconocimiento en la identificación, distribución y abundancia de los estadios larvarios de
Totoaba macdonaldi, Cynoscion othonopterus y Micropogonias megalops, especies endémicas de la
reserva de la biosfera del Alto Golfo de California. Bajo el supuesto de que dichas especies se han
reportado en capturas pesqueras de la región, y que las larvas de peces pueden ser dispersadas por
corrientes, se espera encontrar larvas de las tres especies con posibles diferencias en distribución,
abundancia y rutas de dispersión. El objetivo es determinar la distribución, abundancia y dispersión de
larvas de las tres especies de Sciaenidae en dicha región. Las larvas se recolectaron mediante redes de
cierre-apertura-cierre (505 µm) durante primavera (2011) y verano (2012 y 2013). Las muestras se
identificaron a nivel de familia y se pre-clasificaron en morfotipos larvarios con base en sus
características morfológicas. Las larvas de los tres morfotipos de Sciaenidae se identificarán a nivel de
especie utilizando la diagnosis y descripciones morfológicas realizadas recientemente, y se aplicarán en
casos de duda, marcadores moleculares como COI de ADNmt. Para cada una de las especies se
realizarán mapas de distribución horizontal por estrato de muestreo. Se evaluará la co-relación entre la
distribución y abundancia de las larvas de Sciaenidae y los datos de variables ambientales de cada
crucero, mediante un Análisis Canónico de Correspondencia. Se pretende conocer rutas de dispersión y
conectividad larvaria mediante el modelo de dispersión HAMSOM, para generar información que apoye
el ordenamiento de la reserva de la Biósfera del Alto Golfo.
PALABRAS CLAVES: Distribución, dispersión larval, identificación molecular, Alto Golfo de
California,
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
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Relación de Pterois volitans/miles (Teleostei: Scorpaenidae) con
Peces Depredadores Nativos en Arrecifes del Litoral Oeste de la Habana, Cuba
Relationship of Pterois volitans/miles (Teleostei: Scorpaenidae) with
Native Predators Fish in West Coastal Reefs of Havana, Cuba
Relation entre Pterois volitans/miles (Teleostei: Scorpaenidae) et
Poissons Prédateurs Indigènes sur Récif dans le Côte Ouest eu Habane, Cuba
ALAIN GARCÍA RODRÍGUEZ
1, PEDRO CHEVALIER MONTEAGUDO
2, ERLÁN CABRERA
SANSÓN2, HANSEL CABALLERO ARAGÓN
2, and JORGE LUIS HERNÁNDEZ LÓPEZ
3
1Instituto de Oceanología, calle 1ra No. 18406 e/184 y 186, Reparto Flores,
La Habana 11600 Cuba. *[email protected]. 2Acuario Nacional de Cuba, Avenida 1ra y Calle 60, La Habana 11300 Cuba.
3Instituto de Oceanología, Ave 1ra No. 18406, entre 184 y 186. Rpto Flores, La Habana 11600 Cuba.
RESUMEN
El pez león (Pterois volitans/miles) es la primera especie(s) arrecifal del Indo-Pacífico que invade el
Atlántico Occidental, constituyendo una de las invasiones de peces marinos más rápida de la historia. El
objetivo de este estudio fue determinar la relación del pez león con peces depredadores nativos (pargos-
Lutjanidae y meros-Serranidae) en cinco arrecifes del litoral oeste de La Habana, Cuba. Los muestreos
fueron realizados mediante censos visuales con buceo autónomo entre junio del 2012 y enero del 2014 y
a una profundidad de entre 10 y 12 m. La densidad y la biomasa del pez en la zona de estudio fueron
mayores o semejantes que la de los pargos y meros en la mayoría de los sitios. Las mayores diferencias
fueron con la familia Serranidae y las especies de esta familia Cephalopholis fulva y Cephalopholis
cruentata, debido a que la abundancia del pez león fue mucho mayor que la de estas especies. Las
correlaciones realizadas entre las abundancias del pez león y estos depredadores no fueron significativas,
a excepción de la correlación positiva de la densidad del pez león con la densidad de pargos. Esto indica
que la abundancia del pez león no es afectada y no depende de la abundancia de estos depredadores en la
zona de estudio. Los pargos y meros se encuentran afectados por la sobrepesca en la zona costera de La
Habana, por lo que el pez león podría desplazarlos de sus nichos tróficos e impedir la recuperación de
sus poblaciones.
PALABRAS CLAVES: Especies invasoras, Caribe, impacto potencial, pez león, peces de arrecife
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
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A Remotely Operated Vehicle-based Method for Directly Estimating Bottom Longline
Gear Selectivity of Red Snapper, Lutjanus campechanus
Una Metodología Basada en Vehículos Operados a Distancia para la Estimación Directa
de la Selectividad del Pargo Rojo, Lutjanus campechanus por el Palangre de Fondo
Une Méthode Basé sur Véhicule Sous-Marin Téléguidé pour Estimation Directe de
Sélectivité des Engins de Palangre de Fond pour le Vivaneau Rouge, Lutjanu campechanus
STEVEN B. GARNER*1, MATTHEW D. CAMPBELL
2,
WILLIAM B. DRIGGERS2, and WILIAM F. PATTERSON III
1
1University of South Alabama, Dauphin Island Sea Lab,
101 Bienville Blvd., Dauphin Island, Alabama 36528 USA. *[email protected]. 2National Marine Fisheries Service, Southeast Fisheries Science Center,
Mississippi Laboratories, 3209 Frederic Street, Pascagoula, Mississippi 39567 USA.
ABSTRACT
The US National Marine Fisheries Service‟s bottom longline (BLL) survey in the Gulf of Mexico is key
for indexing population trends for older (10+ years) red snapper, Lutjanus campechanus. Currently, BLL
selectivity is assumed to be logistic-shaped in the stock assessment model, but no empirical estimates
exist to validate this assumption. Therefore, we employed a remotely operated vehicle (ROV)
methodology to directly estimate red snapper size selectivity. The BLL gear was deployed according to
standard survey protocols (i.e, approximately 1 nm in length with 15/0 non-stainless steel Mustad circle
hooks (n = 100) spaced every 0.01 nm). The ROV was equipped with a laser scaler and flown 1 m above
the BLL gear on the seafloor. Free-swimming red snapper were laser-scaled and total length (TL)
estimated via video. Captured red snapper were measured and their sagittal otoliths removed for aging.
Seventeen red snapper were laser-scaled during 20 ROV surveys, and 72 (mean age = 9.6 years) were
captured on 86 BLL sets. Smaller (< 600 mm TL) red snapper were only encountered on reef structure
and saturated the few hooks immediately adjacent to reef habitat. Large (≥ 600 mm TL) red snapper
were observed among more open habitats, thus were available to more hooks and constituted 90.3% of
the red snapper catch. A flexible-form selectivity model fit to the data resulted in a logistic-shaped
selectivity function. While this supports the assumed shape of the BLL selectivity function for red
snapper, increased sample size will likely decrease uncertainty in parameter estimates.
KEYWORDS: Selectivity, bottom longline, red snapper
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
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Uso de Redes Sociales Digitales por Pescadores Artesanales
en el Golfo de California, México
The Use of Social Digital Networks by Artesanal Fishers in the Gulf of California, México
L'usage des Réseaux Sociaux Digitaux par les Pêcheurs Artisanaux
du Golfe de Californie, Mexique
ERNESTO GASTELUM NAVA*
1, JORGE TORRE COSÍO
1,
MARÍA JOSÉ ESPINOSA ROMERO1, FRANCISCO FERNÁNDEZ RIVERA-MELO
1,
JOSE A ZEPEDA2, and SILVIA SALAS
3
1Comunidad y Biodiversidad, A.C. Calle Isla del Peruano #215, Colonia Lomas de Miramar Heroica
Guaymas, Sonora 85448 Mexico.*[email protected]. 2CICIMAR, El Conchalito, La Paz B.C.S. 23094 Mexico.
3CINVESTAV Unidad Mérida, Km. 6 Antigua carretera a Progreso,
Merida, Yucatan 97310 Mexico.
RESUMEN
Las redes sociales digitales (RSD) forman parte de la vida de los seres humanos, y es por ello que tienen
un gran potencial en la educación y conocimiento de quienes la usan. Las RSD son utilizadas por
personas de todas las edades y su principal función es mantener comunicados a los integrantes de una red
por medio de publicaciones, fotos, videos y conversaciones. Con el fin de evaluar el uso de esta
herramienta por pescadores artesanales se realizó un estudio en la Región de las Grandes Islas (Golfo de
California), en el 2015, donde se realizaron encuestas a un total de 81 pescadores con edades entre 20 y
73 años. El 90% de pescadores conocen las redes sociales digitales, sin embargo solo el 58% las utilizan.
Los principales usos son para mantenerse en comunicación con familiares y amigos, adquirir
conocimiento, y comercialización de sus productos pesqueros. En total los entrevistados mencionaron el
uso de seis RSD, de las cuales el Facebook (47%), YouTube (29%) y WhatsApp (17%) fueron de las
más populares. El medio de acceder a estas redes sociales es el celular (Smartphone 57%). El uso de las
RSD es cada día más frecuente, por esta razón es conveniente considerarlas como una herramienta más
para la comunicación e información general del sector pesquero, con contenidos de conservación marina
y manejo sustentable de sus recursos. Además, las RSD ayudan a los pescadores a interactuar con otras
organizaciones (pesqueras, gobierno, academia, investigadores y organizaciones de la sociedad civil)
para compartir su conocimiento, logros con su pesquerías o estar en contacto con personas de su interés.
PALABRAS CLAVES: Comunicación, conectividad, educación
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
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Fonctionnement des Réseaux Trophiques des Herbiers a Thalassia testudinum en
Guadeloupe (Petites Antilles): Apports des Isotopes Stables et des Acides Gras
Trophic Web Functioning of Thalassia testudinum Seagrass Beds in Guadeloupe
(Lesser Antilles) using Stable Isotopes and Fatty Acids
Funcionamento de las Praderas de Thalassia testudinum : Uso de Ácidos Grasos
como Biomarcadores e Isótopos Estables
FRANÇOISE GAUTIER*
1, TARIK MEZIANE
2,
YOLANDE BOUCHON-NAVARO3, and CLAUDE BOUCHON
2
1Université des Antilles, Laboratoire de Biologie Marine, Pointe à Pitre, Guadeloupe 97110 France.
*[email protected]. 2UMR, 7208-Borea-USM 040,1 61 rue Buffon, Paris 75231 France.
3UMR Borea, CNRS-7208/MNHN/UPMC/IRD-207/UCBN/UAG DYNECAR,
UAG B.P. Pointe à Pitre. Guadeloupe 97110 France.
RESUMÉ
Les Invertébrés de l'épifaune vagile présents dans les herbiers de Magnoliophytes marins ont un rôle
essentiel dans le transfert d'énergie des producteurs primaires vers les niveaux trophiques supérieurs.
L\'objectif de ce travail a été d'analyser la relation entre la complexité de l'herbier et la structure des
communautés de l'épifaune vagile, et d'étudier le rôle de ce compartiment dans le fonctionnement des
réseaux trophiques des herbiers à Thalassia testudinum. Deux sites d'herbiers ont été comparés, l'un
proche de la mangrove côtière et l'autre près de la barrière récifale, au cours de deux saisons.
L'utilisation de différentes sources trophiques par les Invertébrés a été montrée en utilisant les méthodes
des isotopes stables du carbone et de l'azote et de la composition en acides gras. L'herbier côtier, qui
présente une structure complexe du fait de ses longues feuilles, de sa litière abondante et de sa forte
charge en épiphytes, abrite une faune abondante et diversifiée de Crustacés. La préférence alimentaire de
ces Invertébrés pour les micro-algues et les fines particules d'étritiques favorise la contribution du
biofilm au r'éseau trophique de l'herbier côtier. L'herbier du large, moins complexe, abrite une
communauté d'Invertébrés dominée par les Gastéropodes Cerithiidae. La limitation de la disponibilité en
nourriture existant dans cet herbier explique la contribution plus élevée de la litière et des feuilles
vivantes de Thalassia au réseau trophique par rapport à l'herbier côtier. Le couplage de l'analyse des
isotopes stables à celle des contenus stomacaux réalisé sur les poissons a montré le rôle essentiel des
Crevettes en tant que proies. L'herbier côtier, qui présente des ressources en nourriture plus abondantes
et diversifiées, assure mieux son rôle d'nurserie pour les juvéniles de poissons que l'herbier du large.
MOTS CLÉS: Réseaux trophique, herbier de Thalassia testudinum, épifaune, isotopes stables
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
99
Collaborative Evaluation and Reporting on Reef Health and
Management Actions in the Mesoamerican Reef
Evaluación y Reporte Participativo sobre la Salud y las Acciones de Manejo
en el Arrecife Mesoamericano
L'évaluation, la Collaboration et les Rapports dur les Mesures fe Santé
et de Gestion des Récifs dans le Récif Méso-américain
ANA GIRO PETERSEN1, MELANIE MCFIELD
2, PATRICIA KRAMER
3, MARISOL RUEDA
4,
IAN DRYSDALE5, LORENZO ALVAREZ
6, and ROBERTO POTT
7
1Healthy Reefs Initiative, 17 calle A 7-03 zona 10, Guatemala 01010 Guatemala. *[email protected].
2Healthy Reefs Initiative, Fort Lauderdale, Florida USA.
3Perigee Consultant, Florida USA.
4Healthy Reefs Initiative, Playa del Carmen, Quintana Roo, Mexico.
5Healthy Reefs Initiative, Roatan, Honduras.
6Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cancun, Quintana Roo, Mexico.
7Healthy Reefs for Healthy People, Belize City, Belize.
ABSTRACT
The Healthy Reefs for Healthy People Initiative (HRI) is a collaboration of 65 partner organizations
working to conserve the Mesoamerican Reef ecosystem (MAR). HRI generates biennial, user-friendly
Report Cards on the health of the reef and Eco-Audits that evaluate each country‟s implementation of
recommended management actions. The 2015 Report Card is based on 248 sites along Mexico, Belize,
Guatemala, and Honduras, surveyed for living coral cover, fleshy macroalgal cover (FMA), herbivorous
fish biomass (parrotfishes and surgeonfish) and commercial fish biomass (snappers and groupers),
combined into a Reef Health Index (RHI) score. The 2015 regional RHI was 2.8 out of 5, up from 2.5 in
2012. However, most reefs are in „poor‟ (40%) or „fair‟ (34%) condition. The number in critical
condition (17%) declined while the amount in „good‟ or „very good‟ remains (9%). Coral cover has
improved since 2006, increasing from 10% - 16%; although macroalgae the main competitors with
corals, have also increased. Key herbivorous fish, needed to reduce macroalgae. Have increased after
fishing restrictions, Interestingly, some sites with higher cover of macroalgae also have higher biomass
of herbivorous fish, suggesting nutrient enrichment is also driving ecosystem dynamics in the region.
Commercial fish have increased in biomass, although large groupers are rare and mainly found in fully
protected zones of marine protected areas (MPAs).
Routine report cards on the health of the reef, followed by detailed evaluation of management actions,
provide valuable tools for catalyzing public awareness and swifter, more comprehensive, reef
management actions on a large scale.
KEYWORDS: Mesoamerican Reef, health, reef condition, management, conservation
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
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Áreas Marinas Protegidas en Colombia Emblema de Protección para Arrecifes de Coral
Marine Protected Areas of Colombia Emblem of Protection for Coral Reefs
Aires Marines Protégées à Colombia Emblème de la Protection des Récifs Coralliens
DIANA GOMEZ-LOPEZ *1, CHRISTIAN DÍAZ
1, RAUL NAVAS
1, JUAN GONZÁLEZ
1,
ELIZABETH GALEANO1, DIEGO DUQUE
2, SANTIAGO POSADA
2, HÉCTOR CHIRIMIAS
2,
PAULA SIERRA1,
DAVID ALONSO1, and FRANCISCO ARIAS
1.
1Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras (INVEMAR), Cra 25 # 2-55 Rodadero Sur Santa
Marta, Magdalena 470003 Colombia. *[email protected]. 2Parques Nacionales Naturales de Colombia (PNN)
RESUMEN
Colombia cuenta con alrededor de 21,000 hectáreas de arrecifes de coral hasta 30 m de profundidad
protegidos en áreas marinas. A través de la coordinación de la red de trabajo SAMP Colombia, el
monitoreo de condición-tendencia coralino al año 2014, en áreas de Parques Nacionales Naturales del
Caribe y Pacifico colombiano, incluye reporte de cuatro variables: cobertura coral duro, cobertura
macroalgas, densidad y biomasa peces arrecifales herbívoros (Acanthuridae y Scaridae) así como peces
carnívoros (Lutjanidae y Serranidae). Los resultados preliminares mostraron que el ecosistema puede ser
clasificado según categorías de condición respecto a referentes ecológicos regionales, pero se requiere
continuidad de los monitoreos para aumentar la certidumbre del indicador y la articulación con la toma
de decisiones. Aunque las tendencias regionales muestran un cambio de fase de los corales hacia las
macroalgas, para las estaciones de muestreo en Colombia, las condiciones en algunas localidades
(cobertura promedio coral vivo entre 34 - 78%; cobertura promedio macroalgas ≤ 55%) parecieran estar
mejor respecto a otros países. En cuanto a las comunidades ícticas, las densidades y biomasas promedio
(α < 0.05) para las áreas marinas protegidas Caribe oscilaron entre 24 - 89(10-74) individuos/100 m2
y
1,906 - 12,810 (1,651 - 6,638) g/100 m2 para herbívoros mientras 2 – 19 ind (1 - 16) /100 m
2 con
biomasas entre 315 - 4,941 (129 - 4,695) g/100 m
2 para carnívoros. Por su parte, en las áreas Pacifico los
promedios de densidad oscilaron entre 5 – 27 (4-56) ind/100 m2
con biomasas de 221 - 2,612(317 -
3,262) g/100 m2 para herbívoros y 4 – 23 (3 - 39) ind/100 m
2 con biomasas de 174 - 2,267 (146-1,534)
ind/100 m2 para carnívoros. La integridad ecológica a partir de la información disponible, se resume en
condiciones no deseables a deseables en un escenario ambiental con particularidades en cada localidad,
las cuales son discutidas a la luz del conocimiento histórico sobre arrecifes coralinos en Colombia.
Proyecto COL-00075241 y PIMS#3997 GEF-SAMP implementación nacional INVEMAR-PNUD y con
contrapartida colombiana.
PALABRAS CLAVES: Condición-tendencia ecológica, indicadores, servicios ecosistémicos, manejo
costero, monitoreo.
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
101
Subsistema de Áreas Marinas Protegidas en Colombia:
Progresos y Lecciones del Enfoque Ecosistémico
Subsystem of Marine Protected Areas in Colombia:
Progress and Lessons from the Ecosystem Approach
Sous-système D'aires Marines Protégées à Colombia:
Progrès et les Leçons de L'approche Écosystémique
DIANA GOMEZ-LOPEZ*, CHRISTIAN DÍAZ-SÁNCHEZ, DAVID ALONSO-CARVAJAL,
PAULA SIERRA-CORREA, and FRANCISCO ARIAS-ISAZA
Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras (INVEMAR), Cra 25 # 2-55, Rodadero Sur Santa Marta,
Magdalena 470003 Colombia. *[email protected].
Actualmente Colombia mira sus dos océanos conservando en 30 áreas marinas protegidas su base natural
marino costera, buscando que para el año 2020 la protección de su megadiversidad incremente hasta el
10%. A través de la creación del subsistema de áreas marinas protegidas (SAMP) para Colombia se
viene compilando el estado y alcance de la información existente, así como la proveniente de monitoreos
periódicos sobre ecosistemas. Al año 2014 múltiples socios del SAMP han apoyado el monitoreo
biológico de las diferentes AMP, implementando una serie de indicadores de estado y respuesta a
diferentes escalas de paisaje, como mecanismo para evaluar tendencias y amenazas. A la fecha,
alrededor de 430,000 hectáreas de ecosistemas entre manglares, litorales, corales y pastos marinos se
encuentran representados en el SAMP. Las AMP piloto del Pacifico colombiano, con extensiones de
hasta 61,000 hectáreas, alcanzaron efectividades de manejo generales cercanas al 90%, donde objetos de
conservación tipo arrecifes de coral se encontraron en condiciones buenas a deseables. Por su parte, en el
Caribe colombiano las AMP piloto, con extensiones ecosistémicas de entre 995 y 120,000 ha, resultaron
con una efectividad de manejo de hasta 74%, donde los arrecifes de coral presentaron un estado entre
regular y bueno. Estas diferencias regionales se revisan respecto a las tendencias ambientales de los
ecosistemas marinos tropicales, los impactos ambientales en ambas costas y la percepción de los
administradores y comunidades como actores de la conservación. A su vez se discuten opciones para
diseñar AMP que incrementen la conectividad de hábitats según los servicios ambientales asociados,
como guía para el manejo y sostenibilidad del SAMP. Proyecto COL-00075241 y PIMS#3997 GEF-
SAMP implementación nacional INVEMAR-PNUD y con contrapartida colombiana.
PALABRAS CLAVES: Manejo costero, servicios ecosistémicos, monitoreo, creación AMP, desarrollo
milenio
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
102
Variación Espacio Temporal de los Desembarcos Circumtropicales de Trichiurus lepturus:
Un Estudio de Caso en el Golfo de Salamanca, Mar Caribe de Colombia
Spatio-temporal Variation of Landings Circumtropical Trichiurus lepturus:
A Case Study in the Gulf of Salamanca, Colombia Caribbean Sea
Variation Spatio-temporelle des Débarquements Circumtropicale Trichiurus lepturus:
Une Étude de Cas dans le Golfe de Salamanca, la Colombie Mer des Caraïbes
MARÍA DE LOS ÁNGELES GONZÁLEZ* and JAIRO ALTAMAR
Universidad del Magdalena, Laboratorio de Investigaciones Pesqueras Tropica,
Carrera 32 # 22-08 Mz G Casa 4, Ciudad del Sol III Etapa,
Santa Marta, Magdalena 470004 Colombia. *[email protected].
RESUMEN
Trichiurus lepturus es una especie cosmopolita, abundante en aguas tropicales y actualmente hace parte
de las diez especies más capturadas a nivel mundial. En el mar Caribe de Colombia, específicamente en
el golfo de Salamanca es capturada por chinchorros de playa artesanales (redes de tiro). Se evaluaron
cambios espacio-temporales de este recurso a nivel mundial y local. Para detectar la variación espacio-
temporal de la captura de T. lepturus, a nivel circuntropical, se utilizó la base de datos de las estadísticas
de pesca de la FAO (FISHSTATJ), se revisó información histórica (1950 - 2010) de los desembarcos de
diez países, agrupados en cinco extensas áreas intertropicales: Atlántico suroccidental, mar Caribe,
Atlántico oriental, océanos Pacífico e Índico. A nivel local se utilizaron las bases de datos históricas
(1994 - 1998 y 2008) de desembarcos pesqueros artesanales (PICEP y Comanejo). Se compararon las
proporciones entre el desembarco de la década más reciente y la década anterior. Los resultados
muestran que en el 62% de las proporciones estudiadas se han mantenido o han incrementado los
desembarcos, exceptuando el mar Caribe (Venezuela), que ha mostrado una disminución en la serie
temporal estudiada. En Colombia los picos de mayor CPUE (kg/faena) con chinchorro se presentan al
inicio y final de año (febrero, noviembre y diciembre), siendo octubre y abril los más bajos. En contraste
con otros recursos pesqueros cuya disminución es evidente, T. lepturus denota un claro aumento de los
desembarcos en Colombia y a nivel mundial, posiblemente debido a agregaciones, estrategias
reproductivas y disponibilidad de abundancia frente al arte de pesca. Sin embargo, la evidencia de altas
capturas en la actualidad puede repercutir en un colapso de sus poblaciones en años futuros.
PALABRAS CLAVES: Desembarcos, circuntropical, Trichiurus lepturus, mar Caribe de Colombia
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
103
Determining the Queen Conch Lobatus (Eustrombus) gigas Home-range
Determinación del Espacio Territorial del Caracol Rosa Lobatus (Eustrombus) gigas
Détermination du Domaine Vital du Lambi Lobatus (Eustrombus) gigas
CHLOÉ GOULIÉ*1 and DALILA ALDANA-ARANDA
2
1Faculté des sciences, Université des Antilles et Fouillole, 97159 Pointe-à-Pitre, Guadeloupe.
*[email protected]. 2Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional,
Km. 6 Antigua carretera a Progreso, Mérida, Yucatan 97310 México.
ABSTRACT
The recreational park of Xel Há has been demonstrated as a beneficial marine reserve for the population
of the overfished queen conch. While several long-term movement studies of conches have been
conducted, only one drew conclusions on daily displacements and habitat use. The aim of the present
study was to determine the home-range used by Lobatus gigas, in function of conch weight, tides and
seasons, in order to define size of reserves and mariculture enclosures. To reach this goal, 300
individuals were marked, weighed, measured and followed every day in February, April and June 2015.
During one hour their position was recorded every ten minutes, so as to then measure distances and
angles. Conch speeds was calculed according to distances and areas was determined by drawing convex
polygons. A total of 221 individuals were followed in February with average speed of 1.75 ± 2.25
m/hour and average area of 0.44 ± 2.25 m². In April and June respectively 130 and 94 individuals were
followed. Conch weight did not influence area and speed. However, areas and speeds were higher during
low tides than high tides. While areas were not significantly different between seasons individuals move
more rapidly by approaching the reproductive season.
KEYWORDS: Lobatus gigas, queen conch, home-range, displacements, marine reserves
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
104
Participatory Standardized Monitoring of Sharks and Rays
in Tropical Coral Reef Countries: Results and Outlook
Monitoreo Estandarizado Participativo de Tiburones y Rayas en Países con Arrecifes
Coralinos Tropicales: Resultados y Perspectivas
Suivi Participatif Normalisée des Requins et des Raies dans les
Récifs Coralliens Tropicaux: Résultats et Perspectives
RACHEL GRAHAM*1, IVY BAREMORE
1, and SAMANTHA STRINDBERG
2
1MarAlliance, 32 Coconut Drive, P.O. Box 283, San Pedro, Belize. *[email protected]. 2Wildlife Conservation Society, 77 Southbank Road, Carmel Valley, California 93924 USA.
ABSTRACT
The seas' vulnerable large marine wildlife, notably sharks and rays, are facing multiple challenges to
their continued existence due primarily to overfishing and loss of habitat. As marine engineers that
regulate food chains and structure the ecosystems around them, their continued loss is imperiling marine
ecosystems already facing many stressors, notably tropical coral reefs. Despite a range of site-protective
measures, legislation and conventions enacted at multiple levels, there is an urgent need to improve
management and conservation efforts for sharks and rays. Many traditional management approaches
have not yet gained the traction required to decrease targeted fishing mortality of large commercially
important species, or to reverse population declines and shifts in diversity. This suggests the need for
another, more integrative approach to fisheries management. Turning the tide for vulnerable marine
species requires grassroots efforts to change attitudes, demand and consumption patterns with those
directly benefiting from healthy seas. Using a low-cost standardized and multi-pronged participatory
approach to monitoring sharks and rays is a means of reaching multiple management objectives, notably
in data-poor countries. These methods enable many key factors for conservation: the development of
cross-comparable site and country-specific baselines for elasmobranchs, engagement and empowerment
of traditional fishers and local partners, integration of their data into management and policies, fisher
income diversification and reduction of fishing pressure, and grassroots advocacy. We present results
from baseline surveys conducted throughout the Western Caribbean with recommendations for the
adoption of monitoring methods in tropical coral reef countries.
KEYWORDS: Caribbean elasmobranchs, Baited Remote Underwater Video (BRUV), Underwater
Visual Census (UVC), fisheries-independent longline, artisanal fisheries
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
105
Fisheries Dependent and Independent Analyses of Endangered
Hammerheads in the Meso-American Reef
Análisis Dependiente e Independiente de la Pesca de Tiburones Martillo
en Peligro de Extinción en el Arrecife Mesoamericano
Analyses Dépendantes et Indépendantes de la Pêche des Espèces
de Requins Marteaux dans le Récif Méso-américain
RACHEL GRAHAM*, IVY BAREMORE, FRANCISCO POLANCO, and DAN CASTELLANOS
MarAlliance, 32 Coconut Drive, P.O. Box 283, San Pedro, Belize. *[email protected].
ABSTRACT
Limited data exist on the status of hammerhead sharks (Sphyrna spp.) outside of developed countries.
Recent listing on Appendix II of CITES now requires signatories to develop non-detriment findings for
three hammerhead species listed as Endangered. Using fisheries-independent and -dependent methods,
data on hammerheads gathered from 2006 - 2015 throughout Belize reveal low catch per unit effort
using longlines and baited remote underwater video (BRUV) installations and strong susceptibility to
fishing mortality using nets. Captures by fishery-independent BRUVs and longlines were dominated by
great hammerheads (S. mokarran), whereas fisheries data reveal predominance of scalloped
hammerheads (S. lewini). Traditional fishers surveyed about the fishery and status of hammerheads
highlighted a preference for the use of nets and for the captures of hammerheads due to the value of their
fins. Fishers further perceived declines in abundance and distributional shifts of hammerheads in Belize.
These compiled data suggest that hammerheads will require a region-wide approach to management in
the Meso-American Reef, notably the restriction of net and longline use.
KEYWORDS: Sphyrnidae, CITES, artisanal fisheries, standardized monitoring, Caribbean
elasmobranchs
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
106
Balancing Ecological Benefit and Economic Cost of Invasive Lionfish Control
Balanceando el Beneficio Ecológico y el Costo Económico del Control del Pez León
Invasor
Concilier Avantages Écologiques et Économique dans le Contrôle des poisson-lions
Envahissantes
STEPHANIE J GREEN*
1, ELIZABETH UNDERWOOD
2, BERNARD CASTILLO
3,
KYNOCH REALE-MUNROE3, VANESSA MCDUNOUGH
4, IAN LUNDGREN
5,
CLAYTON POLLOCK3, and LAD AKINS
2
1Oregon State University, Department of Integrative Biology, 3029 Cordley Hall,
Corvallis, Oregon 97331-2914 USA. *[email protected].
2Reef Environmental Education Foundation, 98300 Overseas Highway, Key Largo, Florida 33037 USA.
3Univerity of the Virgin Islands, RR1 10,000, Kingshill, US Virgin Islands 00850-9781.
4Biscayne National Park, 9700 SW 328 Street, Homestead, Florida 33033 USA.
5Buck Island National Monument, US National Park Service, 2100 Church Street #100,
Christiansted, US Virgin Islands 00820-4611.
ABSTRACT Many invasions occur at a scale beyond the management resources available to eradicate them, setting
up a long term battle for control. For these invasions, two key questions arise: What level of control is
sufficient to mitigate ecological impacts in high-priority management areas? What resources are required
to achieve control? The ongoing invasion of predatory lionfish in the Western Atlantic urgently requires
answers to these questions. We develop a general quantitative model for identifying the marginal value
of control activities for invasive lionfish, in terms of achieving ecological protection of the invaded
community. Specifically, we link a predictive ecological model identifying threshold densities at which
lionfish overconsume native fish with an economic model of the cost of removal required to suppress
lionfish below threshold levels. We parameterize the model with data from a 3 year experiment at 58
invaded coral reefs in South Florida and St. Croix, USVI, in which we tracked the effort and success rate
of culling by divers removing lionfish from half of the sites bi-monthly, and the response of native fish
communities at the removal and reference non-removal sites. We find that the level of lionfish control
required (in terms of cost and removal frequency) to achieve maximum ecological benefit (maintenance
of native fish biomass) is highly variable across the system, with some sites requiring far less effort than
is allocated under current management regimes, and some far more. Our work provides a predictive
method for efficiently allocating resources control.
KEYWORDS: Invasive lionfish, control, ecological benefit, economic cost
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
107
Are Endemic Species of Lionfishes and Groupers Competitors?
Ecomorphological Insights from Native Ranges of the Red Sea
¿Compiten las Especies Endémicas del Pez León y los Meros?
Observaciones Ecomorfológica en Areas Nativas del Mar Rojo
Les Poissons-Lions Endémiques Et Les Mérous Sont-Ils En Compétition ? Aperçu
Ecomorphologiques A Partir Des Cohortes Natives De La Mer Rouge
JUSTIN GRUBICH*
1 and SARAH MCTEE
2
1The Field Museum of Natural History, 1300 Mandarin Isle, Fort Lauderdale, Florida 33315 USA
*[email protected]. 2Environmental Defense Fund, 123 Mission Street, San Francisco, California 94105 USA.
ABSTRACT
As invasive populations of lionfish continue to expand in the Western Atlantic and Caribbean,
investigating lionfish among reef fish communities from their native range can help identify ecological
constraints that inform management efforts of invaded habitats. We conducted a comprehensive
ecomorphological survey of native Red Sea lionfishes and compared them to sympatric Red Sea
groupers (Serranidae) to examine 1) whether lionfish and grouper densities covary in their native
habitats and 2) whether their jaw morphologies are functionally analogous, an indicator of similar
predatory capabilities. The density of lionfish in the Red Sea was estimated at 47.9 fish/ha , the highest
yet recorded throughout their native range. While no trend was detected comparing overall lionfish and
grouper densities, significant latitudinal increases in lionfish density of Pterois miles were negatively
and positively correlated with varying densities of several small and medium-sized species of Red Sea
groupers. A functional morphospace constructed of eight jaw morphometric variables for five grouper
species and two lionfishes revealed a distinct separation between the two groups along PC axes 2 & 3
accounting for 27% of the total variance. Generally, Red Sea groupers have larger mouths and longer
jaws capable of capturing larger prey while lionfishes have jaw levers and mechanical advantages that
reflect powerful suction feeding ability. Our data show that ecological trends between native lionfishes
and groupers densities in the Red Sea are complex while jaw functional morphology between these
'proposed' trophic analogs indicates differential predatory capabilities.
KEYWORDS: Competition, invasive species, Scorpaenidae, Serranidae, jaws
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
108
Contamination Dynamics by Chlordecone in Trophic Chains
of Guadeloupe Coastal Ecosystems
Dinámica de la Contaminación por el Chlordecone en la Red Trófica
de los Ecosistemas Costeros de la Isla de Guadeloupe
Dynamique de la Contamination par la Chlordécone dans les Réseaux Trophiques
des Écosystèmes Cötiers Guadeloupéens
MATHILDE GUÉNÉ*, CHARLOTTE DROMARD, YOLANDE BOUCHON-NAVARO,
SOAZIG LEMOINE, and CLAUDE BOUCHON
UMR BOREA, CNRS-7208/MNHN/UPMC/IRD-207/UCBN/UA, Université des Antilles,
Campus de Fouillole, BP 592 Pointe-à-Pitre, Guadeloupe 97159 France.
ABSTRACT
Chlordecone is an organochlorine pesticide used from 1972 to 1993 in the French West Indies on banana
plantations. Very stable and persistent, chlordecone contamination in marine ecosystems is a long-term
issue with negative consequences on both environment and human health. Based on several studies
concerning the evaluation and the mapping of the contamination by chlordecone of fish resource, the
present study aims at understanding the contamination dynamics of the molecule in the food web of
Guadeloupe costal ecosystems. In order to achieve that, chlordécone analyses were conducted on 248
samples representing different trophic levels and collected in mangrove, seagrass beds and coral reefs.
For each sample, chlordecone analyses were conducted. Among the different trophic sources available,
the only high values of contamination were detected in suspended matter, which therefore, seems to be
the main pathway of chlordecone in the trophic chain. The significant influence of the environment
(mangrove, seagrass beds or coral reefs) and some of the trophic levels indicates that contamination is
the result of both a process of bioconcentration and bioamplification. Conversely, the size and residency
status do not seem to influence the chlordecone contamination by chlordecone of fishes.
KEYWORDS: Pesticides, chlordecone, food web, Caribbean ecosystems
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
109
Development of Innovative Solutions to Manage Sargassum Stranding
in Martinique and Guadeloupe (F.W.I)
Desarrollo de Soluciones Innovadoras para Manejar a las Llegadas Masivas
de Sargassum en Martinica y En Guadalupe
Développement de Solutions Innovantes pour Faire Face aux Échouages
de Sargasses en Martinique et en Guadeloupe
CHARLOTTE GULLY*
1, FABIEN VEDIE
2, ANTOINE CHABROLLE
3, FREDERIQUE FARDIN
4,
JULIE BELMONT4 , JULIEN VERMEIRE
1, and ANNE FONTAINE
4
1ADEME, Martinique, France. *[email protected].
2DEAL, Martinique, France.
3ONCFS, Guadeloupe, France.
4SPAW-RAC, Guadeloupe, France.
ABSTRACT
Since 2011, the coasts of Wider Caribbean region have been affected by the massive influx of large
amounts of holopelagic algae, commonly called Sargassum. The French islands of Martinique and
Guadeloupe have been particularly concerned since the beginning of this phenomenon and have been
facing an intense and almost continuous episode since 2014.
Considering the high quantities of algae involved, the intensive human use of coastal areas and the
sensibility of the natural environment (turtle nesting sites, erosion), this complex and unusual situation is
considered by the authorities as a serious nuisance from both an environmental, economical and social
point of view.
Coastal configuration characterized by narrow beaches, limited access or rocky shoreline complicate the
seaweed collection. Inconvenience associated with hydrogen sulfide rejected by algae decomposition
and beach erosion due to inappropriate collection methodsled to a big concern from both islands
residents and the tourism industry. To address this situation, the French government has set up a global
"sargassum" action plan to better understand the origins of the phenomenon, to develop modeling tools
for the prediction of new strandings and to give incentives to develop collection methods with less
impact on the environment, and innovative solutions for the use of seaweeds. Here we present the action
of the French Environment and Energy Management Agency in Guadeloupe and Martinique and the first
results of the funded projects.
KEYWORDS: Sargassum, impact, management, French West Indies
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
110
Occurrence and Habitat Use of the Critically Endangered Smalltooth Sawfish
(Pristis pectinata) Latham, 1794 in the Bahamas
Presencia y Uso del Hábitat del Pez Sierra de Dientes Pequeños en Pelígro Crítico
de Extinción (Pristis pectinata) Latham, 1794 en Las Bahamas
Occurrence et habitat utilisé par le poisson-scie tident (Pristis pectinata) Latham, 1794,
espèce en danger critique d'extinction, Bahamas
TRISTAN GUTTRIDGE*, SIMON GULAK, BRYAN FRANKS, JOHN CARLSON,
KATIE GLEDHILL, MARK BOND, and DEAN GRUBBS
Bimini Biological Field Station, 15 Elizabeth Street, Bimini, Bahamas. *[email protected].
ABSTRACT
Smalltooth sawfish, Pristis pectinata, is a rarely encountered species that is listed as Critically
Endangered by the IUCN Red List of threatened species. In the U.S.A. it is afforded specific protection,
and listed as endangered under the federal Endangered Species Act. Importantly, this led to the
implementation of a recovery plan, with shallow water, mangrove-fringed coastal areas identified as
critical habitats for juveniles. However, despite this improved knowledge, little is known about this
species outside of U.S.A waters, although neighboring countries (e.g. Bahamas) have reliable sightings
and suitable habitat. This study documents and discusses recent (2002 – 2015) sightings and captures of
P. pectinata in the Bahamas, and examines movement patterns and habitat preferences of five P.
pectinata. Historically, P. pectinata may have been distributed throughout the Bahamas, however since
2002 only 62 encounters were recorded including Bimini (14), Andros (35) and a handful of other
islands (13). In Bimini, all P. pectinata were > 225 cm (Ls) suggesting that it is not used as a nursery
area. Those in Andros ranged from ~80 – 450 cm (LT) indicating that this island might be an important
nursery and breeding habitat. P. pectinata tracked in both islands remained at depths < 3 m, often
adjacent to mangrove habitats, displaying residency from 42 days (Bimini) to 180 days (Andros). These
preliminary findings confirm the potential of the Bahamas as an important habitat for P. pectinata and
emphasize the urgent need for national protection and management of this population.
KEYWORDS: Sawfish, critically endangered, Bahamas, Caribbean
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
111
Ordenamiento Espacial del Tráfico Marítimo Regional y Reducción Potencial
de Colisiones con Cetáceos en el Pacifico Oriental
Spatial Planning of the Regional Maritime Traffic and Potential for Reducing
Collisions with Cetaceans in the Eastern Pacific
L'aménagement du Territoire du Trafic Maritime Régionale et le Potentiel de Réduire
les Collisions avec les Cétacés dans le Pacifique Est
HÉCTOR M. GUZMÁN
Instituto Smithsonian de Investigaciones Tropica, 9100 Panama City, Panamá. *[email protected].
RESUMEN
Las colisiones con buques son una amenaza para las especies de ballenas y un inconveniente para
numerosas naciones costeras que intentan integrar la conservación de las especies con las economías
locales. El riesgo de colisión se ha incrementado con la expansión del tráfico marítimo, tonelaje de los
buques y la velocidad. Esta amenaza es especialmente grave a través de sus rutas de migración entre
áreas de cría y alimentación. El lento movimiento de las ballenas y el tiempo que pasan en la superficie
cerca de la costa e incluso la habituación al ruido de los buques, hacen que las madres y crías sean
altamente vulnerables a lesiones graves o mortales al colisionar con barcos. Esta interacción de buques-
ballena ha sido un tema de preocupación en la Organización Marítima Internacional y para muchos
países con importantes instalaciones portuarias y rutas de navegación a lo largo del Atlántico Norte, del
Pacífico Norte y del Mar Mediterráneo, pero el tema ha recibido muy poca atención a lo largo del
Pacífico Oriental, donde convergen poblaciones de ballenas de dos hemisferios. Dos herramientas
sencillas parecen posicionarse para mitigar esta situación a nivel internacional; la implementación de
Dispositivos de Separación de Trafico (DST) en áreas costeras y la restricción de la velocidad de buques
en áreas sensitivas. Se discute la información científica requerida para implementar dichas herramientas
en un contexto regional, ilustrado con modelos implementados en Panamá y por implementarse en otros
países de la región.
PALABRAS CLAVES: Ordenamiento espacial, cetaceos, tráfico marítimo, Panamá, Pacífico Oriental
Tropical
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
112
The Dollars and Sense of Sharks in the Bahamas:
Non-consumptive Economic Valuation as a Tool for Conserving Elasmobranch Resources
El Valor y el Significado de los Tiburones en Las Bahamas: Valoración Económica de No-
consumirlos como Herramienta para Conservar a los Elasmobranquios
Les Requins des Bahamas Ont de la Valeur et du Sens:
Valorisation du Vivant comme Outil de Conservation des Élasmobranches
ANDREA HAAS*, EDWARD BROOKS, and ANTHONY FEDLER
Cape Eleuthera Institute, P.O. Box EL-26029 Rock Sound, Eleuthera, Bahamas.
ABSTRACT
As apex predators, sharks have significant ecological value in our oceans, however this argument has
had little influence in halting ongoing population declines around the world. The non-consumptive
value of marine resources such as whales, turtles, and sharks is emerging as one of many new tools in the
conservation toolbox. In this study, the non-consumptive value of sharks and rays in The Bahamas was
examined from several standpoints: scuba diving and tourism, film and television, and research
interests. Each sector was surveyed regarding its economic contributions to The Bahamas economy,
either through in-person confidential interviews, or online anonymous surveys. In addition to the
economic assessment of all of the above sectors, recreational scuba divers were surveyed to generate
qualitative data including 1) their knowledge of shark conservation, 2) their motivations to visit The
Bahamas for scuba diving, 3) their agreement with baited shark diving, and 4) their willingness to pay a
premium that would help support shark conservation and management in The Bahamas. Our assessment
provides not only an overall value of these animals at the national level, but a sector-specific and
species-specific valuation as well. We demonstrate that conservation of elasmobranch resources has vast
benefits for the economy of The Bahamas, and we discuss further policy recommendations for the future
of shark management in the island nation and wider Caribbean.
KEYWORDS: Sharks, rays, Bahamas, non-consumptive, economic valuation
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
113
Low Lionfish, No Problem? The Effects of Invasive Lionfish on Reef Fish
Communities Along the Mesoamerican Barrier Reef in Belize
Pocos Peces Leones, No Hay Problema? Los Efectos de la Invasion Del Pez Leon en las
Comunidades de Peces Arrecifales de la Barrera de Arrecifes Mesoamericana en Belize
Peu de Poissons-lions, Pas de Problèmes? Les Effets de L'invasion du Poisson-lions
Sur les Communautés de Poissons Récifaux le Long de la Barrière de
Corail Méso-américaine du Belize
SERENA HACKEROTT*
1, ABEL VALDIVIA
2, COURTNEY COX
3, and JOHN BRUNO
1
1The University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27559 USA. *[email protected].
2The Center for Biological Diversity, 1212 Broadway, St. #800, Oakland, California 94612 USA.
3Smithsonian Marine Station, 701 Seaway Drive, Fort Pierce, Florida 34949 USA.
ABSTRACT
Invasive predators can cause declines in the abundance and diversity of native prey. Indo-Pacific lionfish
are invasive generalist predators widely assumed to be negatively affecting Caribbean coral reef fishes.
Small-scale experimental and observational studies suggest that invasive lionfish can reduce the
abundance and diversity of small native prey. In contrast, evidence from a small scale and controlled
observational field study highlight that the presence of lionfish had no effect on reef fish communities.
Whether or how lionfish affect populations and communities of native fishes at larger, management-
relevant scales is unknown. Our goal was to assess the effect of lionfish on coral reef fish communities
in a natural setting, across a complex reef system. We quantified native reef fish abundance, species
richness, and community composition at sixteen reefs along ~ 250 km of the Mesoamerican Barrier Reef
in Belize from 2009 to 2013. Our four year longitudinal study spanned the lionfish invasion of this
region, thus our sampling included fish community structure before and after the invasion. Surprisingly,
we found no evidence that lionfish have had a measurable effect on reef fish abundance, species
richness, or community composition across this scale. It is possible that more time and/or higher lionfish
densities are necessary for the effects of lionfish to become apparent at a large geographic scale.
However, densities of lionfish four years post-invasion have not had a detectable negative influence on
reef fish communities along the Mesoamerican Barrier Reef in Belize.
KEYWORDS: Lionfish, invasive species, predators, diversity, community composition
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
114
Management Strategy Evaluation for Data-limited Fisheries
Evaluación de las Estrategias de Gestión que Utilizan Datos Pesquera Limitada
Évaluation de la Stratégies de Gestion des Pêches dans le cas de Données Limitée
WILLIAM HARFORD*1, NANCIE CUMMINGS
2, MANDY KARNAUSKAS
2,
ROBERT TRUMBLE3, and WILLIAM MICHAELS
4
1University of Miami – RSMAS, 4600 Rickenbacker Causeway,
Miami, Florida 33149 USA. *[email protected]. 2NOAA – Southeast Fisheries Science Center, Sustainable Fisheries Division,
75 Virginia Beach Drive, Miami, Florida 33149 USA. 3MRAG Americas, 10051 5th Street North, Suite 105, St Petersburg, Florida 33702 USA.
4NOAA – Office of Science & Technology, 1315 East West Hwy., Silver Spring, Maryland 20910 USA.
ABSTRACT
Limitations in data quantity and quality affect whether and how strategies for fisheries management are
implemented. Challenges in integrating resource monitoring, stock assessment evaluations, and
management practices for data-limited fisheries have been the subject of two special workshops at GCFI,
culminating in a final workshop during the 2015 Panama City conference. Emerging from this workshop
is a suite of examples that demonstrate the use of simulated management strategy evaluation (MSE) for
guiding data-limited management practices. MSE involves comparing trade-offs among achievement of
management objectives for different combinations of data collection schemes, varying levels of scientific
analysis, and decision protocols. Examples of MSE are presented that balance the use of fishery-
dependent and fishery-independent data sources to improve management credibility in data-limited
circumstances. Overall, we draw attention to MSE because it promotes systematic selection of
management practices that have the best chance of achieving fishery objectives even when data
limitations abound.
KEYWORDS: Simulation model, fishery management
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
115
Pioneering the Use of DNA Metabarcoding for Stomach Content Analysis
in the Invasive Lionfish (Pterois volitans/miles) in Puerto Rico
Nuevos Caminos para el Uso de DNA Metabarcoding para el Análisis de Contenido
Estomacal en el Pez León Invasor (Pterois volitans /miles) en Puerto Rico
Première utilisation des ADN-metabarcoding pour l'analyse du contenu stomacal des la
Rascasse Volante Invasive (Pterois volitans /miles) à Porto Rico
CHELSEA HARMS TUOHY*, NIKOLAOS V. SCHIZAS,
and RICHARD S. APPELDOORN
University of Puerto Rico – Mayaguez, Department of Marine Sciences,
P.O. Box 9000, Mayaguez, Puerto Rico 00681 USA. *[email protected].
ABSTRACT
Since the dawn of the lionfish invasion in the Caribbean/Western Atlantic, researchers have sought to
address what lionfish consume in an effort to document their ecological impact and what prey species
may be at greatest risk. Feeding ecology has since been a key component to many lionfish studies, with
an emerging pattern that dietary preferences are site specific. There are two common approaches to
feeding ecology through gut content analysis: morphological identification to the lowest possible taxon
and/or DNA barcoding of all distinct prey components in the stomach. The major disadvantage of these
techniques is their inability to utilize the digested material. This study introduces next generation
sequencing to lionfish feeding ecology, employing metabarcoding to analyze all components of the gut
contents, including the previously unidentifiable portion. Sixty-five lionfish were caught from the
inshore and offshore reefs of La Parguera, Puerto Rico, equally distributed to each location. Stomach
contents were separated into two sample regimes – a liquid (i.e., digested) and a tissue (i.e.,
recognizable) portion. DNA was extracted and PCR was used to amplify a 313bp region of the
cytochrome oxidase subunit 1 (CO1) gene using specific primers for Caribbean reef fish. Samples were
sequenced with an Illumina MiSeq platform, and the resulting 950+ sequences were blasted in GenBank
to identify species. For fishes, over 40 species from 16 families were identified, including members of
Pomacentridae, Gobiidae, Labrisomidae, Apogonidae, Serranidae and Scaridae. Utilizing the digested
material proved useful in reporting species that would have been missed with traditional methods.
KEYWORDS: Metabarcoding, DNA, lionfish, gut content analysis, feeding ecology
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
116
There's an App for That: An Innovative Approach to Caribbean Reef Fish
Identification Using Tablet Technology Underwater
Hay una Aplicación para Eso: Un Enfoque Innovador para la Identificación de Peces de
Arrecife del Caribe Mediante la Tecnología de la Tableta Bajo el Agua
Il ya une Application pour çala: Une Approche Novatrice Pour L‟identification Des
Poissons De Récif De La Caraïbe En Utilisant La Technologie De La Tablette
CHELSEA HARMS TUOHY* and EVAN TUOHY
Isla Mar Research Expeditions, P.O. Box 828,
Rincon, Puerto Rico 00677 USA. *[email protected].
ABSTRACT
Underwater visual census is a traditional method to survey reef fish diversity and abundance. This
technique, along with reef fish identification, can be taught independently through various effective
methods such as workshops, presentations, and through field experience. Recently, tablet technology has
been introduced to scientific diving as a promising outlet for enhancing productivity in underwater
research. In an effort to reduce the amount of time necessary to train fish surveyors in identification and
visual census, this crowdfunded project developed a tablet application to perform both tasks
simultaneously. The app has been designed as a teaching tool, targeted at inexperienced surveyors with
limited exposure to reef fish and underwater visual census. New surveyors are presented with a screen of
the most commonly observed Caribbean reef fish, and through simple touchscreen commands they are
able to record diversity and abundance while enhancing their fish identification skills. This project
proposes that the application can be used to increase efficiency in the learning process of fish
identification by providing an in-situ reference that also acts as a survey sheet. Additionally, the app
assists with data entry through direct Excel upload, which eliminates the time required to electronically
transcribe surveys, thus reducing the feedback time assessing results. Current training programs can also
benefit from this application as it directly and effectively bridges the gap between the classroom and the
field. Future enhancements will consider application to experts and focus on scientific data collection.
KEYWORDS: Fish identification, underwater visual census, education, tablet technology
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
117
Diversidad Larval de Gasterópodos en el Gran Caribe
Larval Diversity of Gastropods in the Greater Caribbean
Diversité des Larves de Gastéropodes dans la Caraïbe
FRED HERÁNDEZ PEREA
1, HAZEL OXENFORD
2, OLIVIER GROS
3, JEANETTE MATEO
4
GRACIELA GARCIA MOLINER5 , CALIRE PARIS
6, and DALILA ALDANA ARANDA*
1
1CINVESTAV IPN, km 6 antigua Carretera a Progreso, Mèrida, Yucatan, Mèxico.
*[email protected]. 2University of the West Indies – CERMES, Bridgetown, BB 11000 Barbados.
3Université des Antilles et de la Guyane, BP 250, Pointe-à-Pitre, Guadeloupe 97159 France.
4Ministerio de Pesca, Santo Domingo, Republica Dominicana.
5Caribbean Fisheries Management Council, 268 Munoz Rivera Ave., San Juan, Puerto Rico 00918 USA.
6University of Miami – RSMAS, 4600 Rickbacker Causeway, Miami, Florida 33149 USA.
RESUMEN El Caribe alberga ~ 12, 046 especies, varias de ellas son de ciclo de vida indirecto con un estadio larval,
formando parte del zooplancton. Las ornamentaciones de la concha de la larva veliger, son útiles en la
identificación taxonómica. Esta biodiversidad es importante para entender la dinámica de
metapoblaciones. El objetivo de este trabajo es conocer la biodiversidad larval de gasterópodos del
Caribe. Se realizaron muestreos en julio, agosto y septiembre (2014) en Barbados, Guadalupe, República
Dominicana, Florida y México, bajo el mismo protocolo de muestreo (misma fecha, en Luna Llena y a la
hora de máximo coeficiente de marea). En cada sitio se realizaron seis arrastres en zig-zag, en sentido
contrario a la dirección del viento con red de plancton de 30 cm diámetro y 200 µm de luz de malla. El
número total de larvas fue de 5, 142, la densidad promedio 267.59 ± 200.76 larvas/10 m3 (0.56 - 530.56
larvas/10 m3). Puerto Morelos (México) fue la localidad que presento la mayor densidad larvaria (76.14
± 37.51 larvas/10 m3) y la menor densidad se registró en Guadalupe (2.41 ± 4.96 larvas/10 m
3). Agosto
presento la mayor abundancia promedio con 54.4 ± 62.24 larvas/10 m3, seguido por septiembre con
46.08 ± 45.51 larvas/10m3 y julio con 42.47 ± 43.22 larvas/10 m
3.
La longitud sifonal (LS) de las larvas analizadas esta entre161 – 627 µm con un promedio de 362.48±
115.52. En Guadalupe, la talla fue de 280.8µm± 72.63 (161 – 348 µm) y las de mayor tamaño se
presentaron en Barbados, con 444.17 µm ± 150.05 (207- 627 µm).
PALABRAS CLAVES: Diversidad, veliger, mollusca, gastropoda, Caribe
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
118
Herramientas de Conservación en las Comunidades Costeras
de la Península de Baja California
Conservation Tools in the Coastal Communities of the Baja California Peninsula
Outils de Conservation dans les Communautés Côtières de la Péninsule de Basse
Californie
ARTURO HERNÁNDEZ-VELASCO*, ALFONSO ROMERO-CASTRO, and STUART FULTON
Comunidad y Biodiversidad AC, Calle Isla del peruano #215,
Col. Lomas de miramar Guaymas, Sonora 85448 México. *[email protected].
RESUMEN
Hoy en día los mares y océanos de todo el mundo se encuentran en una situación comprometida. La
pesca excesiva, la contaminación y el cambio climático, han llevado al medio marino y a sus recursos a
un estado de sobreexplotación y degradación. Para revertir esta situación comunidades costeras de la
Península de Baja California han implementado algunas herramientas de conservación y restauración
para revertir o prevenir estos daños, estableciendo reservas marinas protegidas, medidas de manejo de
recursos pesqueros como tallas de captura, temporadas de pesca, eco-certificación de sus recursos,
diversificación de pesquerías, artes de pesca selectivos, acuacultura, y alternativas económicas diferentes
a la pesca. Desde el 2006 se han establecido siete reservas marinas comunitarias en las costas del
pacifico de la Península de Baja California, protegiendo más de 2,500 hectáreas en Isla Natividad, Isla
Magdalena y El Rosario. En dichas zonas los miembros de las comunidades realizan su propio
monitoreo biológico, oceanográfico y pesquero para evaluar el estado de sus recursos. Al igual que estas
tres comunidades otras cooperativas de la península están explorando la aplicación de estas y otras
herramientas para restaurar o preservar el estado de sus recursos como la acuacultura y establecimiento
de arrecifes artificiales.
PALABRAS CLAVES: Reservas marinas, monitoreo comunitario, cambio climatico, enfoque
ecosistemico
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
119
Buzas de la Isla Natividad: Inspirando la Conservación en la Península de Baja California
Female Divers of Natividad Island:
Inspiring Conservation in the Peninsula of Baja California
Plongeuses de l´île Natividad: Source D‟inspiration Pour La Conservation De la Basse
Californie
ARTURO HERNÁNDEZ-VELASCO*1, ELBA LOPEZ-GALVIZ
2, MITZI LEAL-PADILLA
2,
ELSA CUELLAR-RODRIGUEZ2, ANTONIO ESPINOZA
2, and STUART FULTON
1
1Comunidad y Biodiversidad AC, Calle Isla del peruano #215, Col. Lomas de miramar Guaymas,
Sonora 85448 México. *[email protected]. 2SCPP – Buzos y Pescadores de la Baja California, S. de R.L Av. Fco. González Bocanegra 1842,
Col. Hidalgo, Ensenada, Baja California México.
RESUMEN
En Isla Natividad, Baja California, México, vive un grupo de mujeres comprometidas con la
conservación y restauración de sus recursos. Desde el 2009 a la fecha, 14 mujeres han participado en el
monitoreo submarino biológico donde evalúan el estado de especies de peces, invertebrados, algas y
hábitat. Dichas evaluaciones son tomadas por la cooperativa pesquera para conocer el estado de sus
recursos dentro y fuera de sus áreas marinas protegidas, así como también desde el 2011 participan en el
monitoreo oceanográfico que se desarrolla en la isla para comprender el efecto de los procesos
relacionados al cambio climático (aportación de aguas bajas en oxígeno en zonas costeras) en sus
ecosistemas. La calidad de la información que generan las buzas de Natividad es de tan alto nivel que
investigadores nacionales e internacionales han realizado proyectos de investigación gracias a su
participación. Las mujeres de la Isla Natividad se han convertido en voceras de la conservación dentro de
su comunidad desarrollando proyectos de reciclaje, ecoturismo, pláticas con otros visitantes y monitoreo.
Las mujeres de la Natividad han servido de inspiración para otros grupos de mujeres en la península de
Baja California logrando que otras mujeres de comunidades como la Isla Guadalupe y El Rosario deseen
participar en los monitoreos de sus áreas. A la fecha en la península de Baja California se cuenta con 28
buzas dispuestas a participar en proyectos de conservación y monitoreo de sus recursos naturales y se
espera que más mujeres formen parte de este grupo comprometido en la conservación.
PALABRAS CLAVES: Mujeres, empoderamiento, monitoreo, cambio climatico, pesquerias
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
120
Cooperative Research and Conservation Program for Western Central Atlantic Spawning
Aggregations (CRCP WCASA)
Programa Cooperativo de Conservación e Investigación para las Agregaciones
Reproductivas del Atlántico Centro Occidental (CRCP WCASA)
Programme De Conservation Et De Recherche Coopérative Sur Les Aggrégations De
Atlantique Centre-Ouest (CRCP WCASA)
WILLIAM HEYMAN
LGL Ecological Research Associates, Inc., 4103 S Texas Ave #211, Bryan, Texas 77802 USA.
ABSTRACT
In several areas of the Western Central Atlantic, great strides have been made in identifying,
characterizing and conserving spawning aggregation sites for commercially important species such as
snappers and groupers. Many species of the snapper-grouper complex have overlapping geographic
ranges that span all or some parts of the Western Central Atlantic. This paper presents a vision of a
cooperative spawning aggregation research and conservation program that would span the entire region.
Importantly, this is a cooperative program, designed to include fishermen, scientists and mangers
throughout the process from site selection through data collection to management. A spawning
aggregations monitoring protocol has been adopted for the Mesoamerican and the Wider Caribbean. It
has been in use in Belize since 2003 and is being used extensively in Mexico, the Cayman Islands and
other areas. The US South Atlantic region is considering adoption of a standardized monitoring protocol,
a variation of which is also being tested in the Gulf of Mexico. The vision of the CRCP WCASA is a
standardized regional citizen science program that will allow managers, fishers, scientists and the public
to participate in monitoring spawning areas and thus observe regional fisheries status and trends. The
CRCP WCASA could help to weave together a network of protected spawning areas and foster broad
collaboration among people and institutions that could help monitor and restore healthy snapper-grouper
populations throughout the Western Central Atlantic.
KEYWORDS: Fisheries, citizen science, collaborative research, monitoring, spawning aggregations
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
121
The Charter Fisherman‟s Association:
Working Towards Sustainable Fisheries in the Gulf of Mexico
La Asociación de Pescadores Fleteros: Trabajando Hacia la Sostenibilidad Pesquera en el
Golfo de México
L'association Pêcheur de la Charte:
Travailler pour une Pêche Durable dans le Golfe du Mexique
SCOTT HICKMAN* and SHANE CANTRELL
Charter Fisherman's Association, Gulf Fisheries Consulting, 3202 Sand Shadow Court,
League City, Texas 77573 USA. *[email protected]
ABSTRACT
The Charter Fisherman's Association has been able to grow and develop into a leader in Gulf of Mexico
fishery management while maintaining a grass roots structure, 100% self-financing, and fishermen
driven goals. Many captains have taken considerable time away from their businesses in an effort to
ensure successful management for future generations in the fishery and become engaged in scientific
data collection for Gulf of Mexico fisheries. However, the most pressing issue facing most any grass
roots fishing organization and their path to success is financial resources. Keeping an open mind and
shedding biases and misconceptions associated with different funding sources, CFA has effectively
engaged in the management and development of sustainable fishery policies within the Gulf of Mexico.
The value of developing partnerships and finding common goals has been critical in the success of our
organization. We work with each potential funder through the grant development stage to avoid any big
misunderstandings or disagreements. We will only accept grants when we have mutually aligned
interests. This has not always been easy. In this era of increasingly restrictive regulatory environment, it
is key for fishermen to have their voices heard and their ideas brought to the table. The best way to solve
problems facing fishermen is to engage them in finding the solutions.
KEYWORDS: Recreational fishing, sustainable fisheries, Charter Fisherman's Association, fishing
organizations, guru relational fisheries
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
122
Artificial Reef Fish Survey Methods:
Counts vs. Log-Categories Yield Different Diversity Estimates
Censos de Peces en Arrecifes Artificiales:
Conteos y Categorías-Logarítmicas Resultan en Diferentes Estimaciones de Diversidad
Recensements Des Poissons Dans Les Récifs Artificiels : Comptages Et Catégories
Logarithmiques Produisent Différentes Estimations De La Diversité
DAVID HICKS*
1, CARLOS E. CINTRA-BUENROSTRO
1, RICHARD KLINE
1,
J. DALE SHIVELY2, and BROOKE SHIPLEY-LOZANO
3
1University of Texas – Rio Grande Valley, Coastal and Marine Sciences, One West University
Boulevard, Brownsville, Texas 78520 USA. *[email protected]. 2Texas Parks and Wildlife Department, Coastal Fisheries Division – Artificial Reef Program,
4200 Smith School Road, Austin, Texas 78744 USA. 3Texas Parks and Wildlife Department, Coastal Fisheries Division – Artificial Reef Program,
Dickinson Marine Lab, 1502 F.M. 517, East Dickinson, Texas 77539 USA.
ABSTRACT
The USTS Texas Clipper (145 m long and 22 m wide) was reefed November 17, 2007 (26.18°N,
96.98°W) 17 nm offshore of South Padre Island, Texas, USA by Texas Parks and Wildlife Department‟s
Artificial Reef Program (TPWD-ARP). Quarterly fish surveys commenced soon after (February 2008)
and have continued through August 2015. To date, a total of 68 fish species have been documented. The
TPWD-ARP is considering absolute counts vs. abundance categories for better integration with state
coastal survey data. Accordingly, a comparison of categories and counts from paired divers was
conducted during four consecutive sampling quarters. Log count vs. log category [REEF-type: single (1);
few (2 - 10), many (11 - 100), and abundant (> 100)] surveys were compared via rank correlations of
their similarity matrices (PRIMER+; RELATE) on the assertion that if both survey methods capture
similar species richness and relative abundance, their correlation should be high (i.e., similarity matrices
of count data binned into the REEF categories and the essentially equivalent 4 - 5 point scale resulting
from log(X+1) transformed counts would be highly correlated). However, when actual diver counts were
compared to simultaneously collected log-category data, they were found to be uncorrelated (ρ = -0.188,
P = 0.703). Thus, the two methods did not similarly assess species abundance, richness or both. Absolute
counts by divers were found to underestimate species richness by 20 - 40% compared to the log category
method. The results of our survey method comparison indicate that log category census method is an
effective technique when diversity estimates are a major goal.
KEYWORDS: Artificial reef, survey methods, Gulf of Mexico, reef fish, diver surveys
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
123
Is the Lionfish Invasion Waning? Evidence from the Bahamas
Está Disminuyendo la Invasión del Pez León? La Evidencia de las Bahamas
Est L'invasion de Lionfish en Déclin? Preuve des Bahamas
MARK HIXON
University of Hawaii, Department of Biology, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822 USA. [email protected].
ABSTRACT
Invasive Pacific red lionfish (Pterois volitans) first appeared as a single individual at our long-term study
reefs in the central Bahamas near Lee Stocking Island in 2005, followed by another single fish in 2006.
By the summer of 2007, there were 100s of lionfish on these reefs, and the regional population
subsequently continued to increase. During this period, our field observations and experiments revealed
that lionfish greatly reduced the abundance of small native fishes (both small species and juveniles of
larger species), caused local extinctions, and were not effectively controlled by native parasites,
predators, or competitors. However, over the past several years, there has been increasing anecdotal
evidence that native predators are beginning to target lionfish: reef sharks, large grouper, and moray eels
in particular. In the central Bahamas, we have documented a recent decline in the abundance of lionfish,
and are hopeful that this trend will continue. Continued field work will seek to explain the causes of this
decline.
KEYWORDS: Lionfish, invasion, coral reef, reef fish
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
124
Long-Term Assessment of Whale Shark Population Connectivity
Using Photo-Identification in the Western Atlantic Ocean
Evaluación a Largo Plazo de la Conectividad de la Población de Tiburones Ballena
Usando Foto-Identificación en el Océano Atlántico Occidental
Évaluation à Long Terme du Requin Baleine Connectivité de la Population en
Utilisant la Photo-Identification dans L'océan Atlantique Occidental
ERIC R. HOFFMAYER
1, JENNIFER MCKINNEY
2, RACHEL GRAHAM
3, JASON HOLMBERG
4,
RAFAEL DE LA PARRA5, BEATRIZ GALVÁN PASTORIZA
5, STEVE FOX
6, SIMON PIERCE
7,
ALISTAIR D.M. DOVE8, and WILLIAM B. DRIGGERS III
1
1National Marine Fisheries Service, Southeast Fisheries Science Center, Mississippi Laboratories,
P.O. Drawer 1207, Pascagoula, Mississippi 39567 USA. *[email protected]. 2Louisiana Department of Wildlife and Fisheries, 2021 Lakeshore Drive,
Suite 220, New Orleans, Louisiana 70122 USA. 3MarAlliance, 32 Coconut Drive, San Pedro, Ambergris Caye, Belize.
\4Wild Me, 1726 N. Terry Street, Portland, Oregon 97217 USA.
5Ch'ooj Ajauil AC, Av. Xelha N°1-311, Sm 28, Cancún, Quintana Roo 77500 México.
6Utila Whale Shark Research, Utila, Bay Islands, Honduras
7Marine Megafauna Foundation, Tofo Beach, Mozambique
8Georgia Aquarium Research Center, 225 Baker Street NW, Atlanta, Georgia 30313, USA.
ABSTRACT
The occurrence of whale sharks, Rhincodon typus, in specific locales has been widely documented;
however, knowledge regarding their migratory patterns, residency times and connectivity across broad
spatial and temporal scales is limited. The objective of this study was to utilize whale shark photo-
identification data to examine long-term movement patterns and connectivity among discrete areas
within the western North Atlantic Ocean. Using a combination of in situ photography and photo-
identification software, movements of whale sharks in the Gulf of Mexico (GOM) and Caribbean Sea
were elucidated. From 1999 to 2014, 1,325 individuals were identified from four distinct areas: southern
GOM (n = 1,098), Honduras (n = 143), northern GOM (n = 101), and Belize (n = 47). Seasonal patterns
in whale shark occurrence were evident with encounters occurring in the western Caribbean Sea earlier
in the year than in the GOM. Asignificant sex bias was evident with 2.3:1 males versus females. Sixty-
six individual sharks were observed in two or more areas and the highest degree of connectivity occurred
among three aggregation sites along the Mesoamerican Reef. Movements from a smaller number of
individuals were also observed between the northern GOM and southern GOM, Belize, and Honduras.
The majority of resightings occurred in the area where the initial identification was recorded, with the
exception of Belize. The highest site fidelity occurred in the southern GOM. This study demonstrated
long-term movement patterns, high fidelity to initial identification site and intraregional linkages of
whale sharks in the western North Atlantic Ocean.
KEYWORDS: Honduras, Mexico, Belize, residency, site fidelity
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
125
The Effects of the Invasive Lionfish (Pterois volitans) on the Abundance
and Genetic Diversity of Native Coral Reef Fishes in Panama
Los Efectos del Pez León (Pterois volitans) sobre la Abundancia
y la Diversidad Genética de los Peces de Arrecife de Coral Nativos en Panamá
Les Effets de la Rascasse Volante (Pterois volitans) sur L'abondance et la Diversité
Génétique des Poissons de Récifaux Indigènes au Panama
DEREK HOGAN*1, GRAYCE PALMER
1, and DEBORAH OVERATH
2
1Texas A&M - Corpus Christi, 6300 Ocean Drive, Unit 5892, Corpus Christi, Texas 78412-5892 USA.
*[email protected]. 2Del Mar College, 101 Baldwin Blvd., Corpus Christi, Texas 78404 USA.
ABSTRACT
Invasive species have had devastating consequences for whole ecosystems, causing species declines and
extinctions through competition and predation. Few studies have explored the effect of invasive
predators on the genetic diversity of native prey. The Indo-Pacific red lionfish (Pterois volitans), has
spread through Western Atlantic coastal waters during the last 30 years and is predicted to drive reef fish
declines and extinctions and result in ecosystem phase shifts. While reductions in reef fish population
abundance and recruitment are evident, it is not known if lionfish are having an impact on genetic
diversity of native reef fishes. Here, we used a before-after-control-impact experiment to determine if
lionfish are having an impact on native reef fish abundance and genetic diversity; removing lionfish from
discrete reef sites to gauge potential losses of genetic diversity in bicolor damselfish (Stegastes partitus)
recruits using 12 microsatellite loci. We found lionfish removals substantially augmented the abundance
of several reef fish species recruits and adults. However, while allele frequencies changed after
removals, the genetic diversity of S. partitus recruit populations did not increase substantially despite a
three-fold increase in recruit abundance. Responses to lionfish removal were different among species;
rare species with small population sizes may be more susceptible to recruitment failure and diversity loss
than S. partitus.
KEYWORDS: Lionfish, removal, genetic diversity
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
126
Challenges to Implementing Regional Marine Spatial Management:
The Case of the Seaflower MPA, San Andres Archipelago
Retos para la Implementación del Manejo Espacial Marino Regional:
El Caso del AMP Seaflower, Archipiélago de San Andrés
Les Défis de Gestion de las Scémas de Mise en Valeur de la Mer:
Le Cas de la AMP Seaflower, Archipel San Andres
MARION HOWARD*1 and ELIZABETH TAYLOR
2
1The Heller School for Social Policy & Management, Brandeis University,
MS 035, Waltham, Massachusetts 02454 USA. *[email protected]. 2Caribbean Sea Futures Initiative, Institute of Caribbean Studies,
1629 K Street NW, Suite 300, Washington, DC, 20001 USA.
ABSTRACT
Declared in 2005, the Seaflower MPA was designed prior to evolving broad-based definitions and
guidelines for marine spatial planning (MSP). Nonetheless, the process to design Seaflower used many
good MSP practices. Planning was led by the regional autonomous environmental authority,
CORALINA, and was community-driven and highly participatory. Starting from its mission and
multiple-use zoning, defined in agreement with stakeholders, Seaflower focused on sustainable
development; combining best available science with indigenous knowledge and integrating ecological,
social, and economic objectives with values of adaptive community- and ecosystem-based management,
cross-sectoral partnerships, and environmental, social, and intergenerational justice. In spite of its
promise and internationally acclaimed planning process, Seaflower has struggled with challenges and
threats to its effectiveness as an ambitious experiment in marine planning and the Caribbean‟s largest
MPA (65,000km2). On-going management issues stem from chronic lack of funding; a legacy of
centralized governance and unstable, inconsistent local and national political regimes; marginalization of
the archipelago‟s indigenous (raizal) people and their lack of political and economic power and voice;
weak enforcement; and the natural resources, biodiversity, and strategic location that attract large-scale
fisheries, extractive industries, and other interests. Conflicting demands on the territory peaked in the
case of Nicaragua v. Colombia at the International Court of Justice (ICJ), which resulted in an ICJ ruling
that awarded over half the MPA to Nicaragua. The Seaflower experience offers many lessons, along with
an exceptional opportunity to examine how MSP could help address cross-border challenges and
externalities for Seaflower specifically and sustainable regional ocean management generally.
KEYWORDS: Marine spatial planning, marine protected area, regional sustainable ocean management
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
127
Science in Marine Protected Area Management:
A Ridge to Reef Approach to Water Quality Management
La Ciencia en las Zonas Marinas Protegidas:
Un Enfoque al Manejo de la Calidad de Agua desde las Crestas Hasta Los Arrecifes
Science de la Gestion des Zones Marines Protégées:
Approche sur la Gestion et la Qualité des Eaux sur les Récifs
DANIELLE INCE1, OLANDO HARVEY
1, and STEVE NIMROD
2
1Grenada Marine Protected Area, Melville Street, St. George's, Grenada. *[email protected].
2St. George's University, True Blue Campus, Grand Anse, St. George, Grenada.
ABSTRACT
Across the 344 km2 island nation of Grenada, there is a high dependency on fishing and fishing related
industries for the 26% of the population classified as vulnerable (Jeffrey et al., 2013). Grenada‟s fishing
sector was estimated to be worth EC$10.5 million and contributed an estimated 2% to the National Gross
Domestic Product (Ministry of Agriculture, 2009). Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) is that they act as
“safety net”; in ecosystems that are degraded or significantly altered from fishing and other causative
agents, they can be restored through prolonged protection (Little, L.R., et al. 2005, 2007). However, one
of the major challenges faced in the protection of coastal habitats is the ability to manage pollution from
land-based sources. This is exemplified in the case study of the Molinière Beauséjour Marine Protected
Area (MBMPA) in Grenada. Recent surveys have determined that the mean percentage cover of
macroalgae within the MBMPA is “very high”, an accepted result of land-based runoff (Nimrod et al.,
2013). Therefore, a study was conducted to determine inputs associated with runoff from the Beauséjour
Catchment, which empties via the Beauséjour River into the Molinière Beauséjour Marine Protected
Area. This studied focused on the identification of point sources of pollution, primarily in the context of
excessive nutrient and sedimentations levels. The study concluded that the areas that were identified to
have high nutrient concentrations and sedimentations levels also had high agriculture, land use and
domestic activities (Nimrod et al., 2013).
KEYWORDS: Marine Protected Area, water quality, Moliniere/Beausejour , water pollution , Grenada
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
128
Invasive Lionfish (Pterois volitans) Alter Density-dependent Patterns of Mortality
and Cause Local Extirpation of Native Prey Populations
El Pez León (Pterois volitans) Altera los Patrones Denso-Dependientes de la Mortalidad y
Causa la Extirpación Local de las Poblaciones de Presas Nativas
Les poissons-lions envahissants (Pterois volitans) Modifient Les Schémas De Mortalité
Densité-Dépendante Et Provoquent La Disparition Des Populations De Proies Indigènes
KURT INGEMAN*1 and MARK HIXON
2
1Oregon State University, Department of Integrative Biology,
3029 Cordley Hall, Corvallis, Oregon 97331 USA. *[email protected]. 2University of Hawai'i, 2538 McCarthy Mall, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822 USA.
ABSTRACT
As predators play a central role in prey population dynamics, it is essential to determine whether novel
predators alter predation-mediated regulatory mechanisms, potentially destabilizing prey populations.
The invasive Indo-Pacific lionfish (Pterois volitans) is a new mesopredator that voraciously consumes
native coral-reef fishes of the tropical Western Atlantic and Caribbean. The fairy basslet (Gramma
loreto) is a common prey of lionfish, and pre-invasion research has demonstrated that basslet populations
undergo regulating density-dependent mortality due to predation. We previously compared mortality
rates in G. loreto before vs. after the arrival of P. volitans and demonstrated that prey mortality rates
have increased but remain density-dependent, following the introduction of the novel predator.
However, this approach confounds the effects of the invasion with uncontrolled factors, averages
mortality rates across fluctuating prey densities, and ignores the effects of natural recruitment. Therefore,
we manipulated both basslet settlement density and lionfish presence in a cross-factored field experiment
and employed time-explicit dynamic models that incorporated natural recruitment to better estimate the
effects of lionfish predation on patterns of prey mortality. Fairy basslet populations demonstrated
strongly density-dependent mortality rates on reefs with and without introduced P. volitans, with per
capita mortality significantly higher on reefs with lionfish present. However, after accounting for natural
recruitment the best-performing models included lionfish-induced alteration of both the density-
dependent and density-independent mortality rates, in contrast to previous, static analyses. Stochastic
simulations based on the resulting parameter estimates of G. loreto demographic rates indicated that
lionfish predation increases the likelihood of local extirpations in prey.
KEYWORDS: Density dependence, invasive species, population regulation, predator-prey, Pterois
volitans
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
129
Use of the Result of Market Research for Co-management of Fish Aggregation Device
Activities in the Commonwealth of Dominica
El Uso de los Resultados de una Investigación de Mercado para la Co-gestión de los
Dispositivos Agregadores de Peces en la Mancomunidad de Dominica
Utilisation du Résultat de la Recherche de Marché pour la Co-gestion des Activités de
L'appareil de Concentration du Poisson dans fédération de la Dominique
MITSUHIRO ISHIDA*1, YUKA KAKUSHITA
2, NORMAN NORRIS
3,
VALCINA STOUTE3, and TAKASHI SUZUKI
4
1JICA-Antigua Fisheries Division, Point Wharf Fisheries Complex,
St. John's, Antigua and Barbuda. * [email protected]. 2Short term Japan Overseas Cooperation, Volunteer Fisheries Division,
Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries, Roseau Fisheries Complex Bldg., Roseau, Dominica. 3Fisheries Division, Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries,
Roseau Fisheries Complex Bldg., Roseau, Dominica. 4University of Yayoi, 1-1-1 Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-8657 Japan.
ABSTRACT
Under co-management activity of Fish Aggregation Device (FAD), fisher organization seek to sell their
catch faster, to provide fish that consumers like and to transport fish inland (areas that are difficult to get
fish). A total number of 411 interviews were conducted for fish market research in 2013 at fish landing
sites, supermarkets, mobile venders and inland areas. The purpose of the study is to understand the
clarification of the consumer consciousness, depending on market or product, and or what important
factor and activities influence the decision making process for consumers to purchase fish. These include
place or product, service or price or promotion. The factor analysis and Covariance Structure Analysis,
were utilized. In the study result, it shows that consumers are looking at “accessibility to fish as most
important factor.” The accessibility means not the distance from house or village, but the timing. They
want the shop open when they visit, and there is always fish. Therefore, the supermarket like shop is
their favorite. So local fisher organization are using this result and now opening “fish outlet” in two
inland sites. FAD co-management group decide to use frozen fish to supply these outlets. The
organization is trying to purchase fish as much as possible from fishers who have FAD license, which
National Association of Fisheries Cooperation (NAFCOOP) utilizes to enhance better quality of service
for fishers purchasing FAD license as a part of conducting successful co-management related activities.
KEYWORDS: Market research, fish aggregation device, co-management, Commonwealth of Dominica
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
130
Ordenamiento Espacial Marino en Países Centroamericanos:
Enfoque Conceptual y Metodológico
Marine Spatial Planning in Central American Countries:
Conceptual and Methodological Frameworks
La Planification Spatiale Marine dans les Pays D'Amérique Centrale:
Cadres Conceptuels et Méthodologiques
JORGE A. JIMÉNEZ
Fundación MarViva, Apdo. 020-6151, Santa Ana, San José, Costa Rica. [email protected].
RESUMEN
Los procesos de Ordenamiento Espacial Marino recién se inician en Centro América. La mayoría de las
experiencias son reducidas en cuanto a las temáticas que incorporan, su extensión geográfica y su grado
de implementación. Severas limitaciones en la información disponible se usan como excusas para
posponer decisiones de ordenamiento espacial, aunque las decisiones deban ser hechas con la mejor
información técnica existente en el momento. Los usuarios siguen tomando decisiones sobre el uso de
los recursos en un vacío de políticas y planificación. Procesos multi-sectoriales que incluyen a los
usuarios de los recursos o el uso de mapas participativos ayudan a llenar muchos de los vacíos de
información. Pero el ordenamiento espacial debe ir más allá de la zonificación espacial. De mayor
relevancia es que estos procesos deriven en el establecimiento de estructuras de gobernanza local que
facilitan la implementación de las futuras medidas. El involucramiento de los usuarios locales en la
zonificación y regulación de los usos aceleran no sólo los procesos de toma de decisiones si no también
su implementación. Las debilidades en las estructuras institucionales de estos países pueden ser
mitigadas con el fortalecimiento de procesos de gobernanza local donde los usuarios llenan vacíos
institucionales en acciones como el monitoreo y la vigilancia.
PALABRAS CLAVES: ordenamiento espacial marino, usuarios de los recursos, mapas participativos,
Centroamericano
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
131
The Blue Halo Blueprint for Ocean Zoning
El Proyecto del Halo Azul para la Zonificación del Océano
Le Plan Directeur du Halo Bleu au Zonage de L'océan
AYANA JOHNSON*
1and ROBIN RAMDEEN
2
1Waitt Institute, 1875 Connecticut Avenue NW, Floor 10, Washington, D.C. 20009 USA.
*[email protected]. 2Blue Halo Intiative – Monserrat, Brades, Montserrat.
ABSTRACT
Marine spatial planning is an intricate and nuanced process, which aims to organize ocean activities
space and time in order to balance social, economic and environmental benefits. On any island there are
usually many laws and several agencies with jurisdiction over ocean resources, often with overlapping
authorities. Beyond the legal concerns, deep engagement of stakeholders is also critical to community
support and successful implementation. Thus, extensive coordination and collaboration is required. The
Waitt Institute‟s Blue Halo Initiative endeavours to create successful case studies of comprehensive
ocean management that include ocean zoning as a core element, and use a science-based, community-
driven approach. This talk will provide an overview of challenges, benefits, and strategy associated with
this approach – specifically in the areas of community engagement, scientific research, creation of
zoning maps, and development of policies. The focus will be on Blue Halo Barbuda, now in its third
year, but also touch on the Blue Halo projects launched this year in Montserrat and Curaçao. In
particular we will share how we engage stakeholders, work with local partners, and leverage technology.
For Barbuda, we will provide a detailed explanation of and how the final zoning map evolved based on
stakeholder input, scientific data, and enforcement considerations.
KEYWORDS: Marine spatial planning, juridiction, engagement, zoning, enforcement
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
132
Barbuda and Beyond:
Implementation and Expansion of the Blue Halo Initiative in the Caribbean
Barbuda y Otras Islas:
Implementacion y Expansion de la Iniciativa del Halo Azul en el Caribe
Barbuda et Au-delà :
Mise en Place et L'expansion de L'initiative de Halo Bleu des Caraïbes
AYANA JOHNSON1, ANDREW ESTEP
1, and ROBIN RAMDEEN
2
1Waitt Institute, 1875 Connecticut Avenue NW, Floor 10, Washington, D.C. 20009 USA.
*[email protected]. 2Blue Halo Intiative – Monserrat, Brades, Montserrat.
ABSTRACT
Barbuda and Beyond: Implementation and Expansion of the Blue Halo Initiative. How can effective,
comprehensive, lasting, science-based, community-driven ocean management be achieved? The Waitt
Institute‟s answer is the Blue Halo Initiative, piloted in Barbuda and now expanded to Montserrat and
Curaçao. The approach centers on building open and collaborative relationships between the Institute,
island Governments, and local communities. Governments provide political will to improve the
sustainability of ocean use. The Institute provides technical expertise in marine ecology, policy,
mapping, law, socioeconomics, enforcement, and communication. Communities provide their valuable
local knowledge, concerns, priorities, and ideas to shape decisions about the ocean that affect their
livelihoods and cultures.The objective is to envision, design, and implement new ocean management
policies that enable people to use the ocean in a way that is simultaneously sustainable, profitable, and
enjoyable. This talk provides an update on Blue Halo Barbuda, now that implementation has been
underway for a year. Work beginning at the two new sites Montserrat and Curaçao will be introduced
along with the site selection criteria, as well as a discussion of challenges and benefits of working on
ocean conservation in each location. Lastly, there will be a discussion of the overall goal of the Blue
Halo Initiative: to create compelling, replicable case studies for how to achieve comprehensive, science-
based, community-driven sustainable ocean management.
KEYWORDS: Science, community, government, ocean conservation, collaboration
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
133
Lionfish Control and Management in the Cayman Islands:
Seven Years On, Lessons Learned
Control y Manejo del Pez León en las Cayman Islands:
Lecciones Aprendidas Siete Años Después
Contrôle Et Gestion Du Poisson-Lion Aux Iles Cayman : Sept Ans Après, Les Leçons
Apprises
BRADLEY JOHNSON*and CROY McCOY
Department of Environment, P.O. Box 10202, Grand Cayman, KY1-1002 Cayman Islands.
ABSTRACT
The first lionfish (LF) was sighted in the Cayman Islands in February 2008. Thereafter, the management
strategy for the Department of Environment (DOE), has been primarily concentrated on removal efforts
and public education. Having restrictive local marine conservation laws, training and licensing programs
had to be developed before the public was allowed to participate in removal efforts. In March 2009, with
public participation and assistance from Reef Environmental Education Foundation (REEF), the DOE
launched its LF control program. Initially, cullers were licensed to use nets, however, in late 2010
specific DOE issued spears were issued to some participants in the removal program. Additionally,
cullers were required to report catch. To date, over 400 individuals and 30 dive companies have been
licensed to use spears across the three Cayman Islands. In September 2010, LF tournaments were started
to further engage the public in removal efforts. Furthermore, in 2014, LF removal efforts were
commercialized, with a company being licensed to harvest the invasive LF for export.
KEYWORDS: Lionfish, management, licensing, Cayman Islands, program
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
134
Reef Fish in the Northern Gulf of Mexico and Decadal Circulation Patterns
Peces de Arrecife en el Norte del Golfo de México y Los Patrones de Circulación Decadal
Poissons de Récif dans le Nord du Golfe du Mexique
et Les Régimes de Circulation Décennale
DONALD JOHNSON
1, PAULA MORENO
1, HARRIET PERRY
1,
MARK GRACE2, and GUILLERMO SANCHEZ-RUBIO
1
1Gulf Coast Research Laboratory, University of Southern Mississippi, 703 E. Beach Drive,
Ocean Springs, Mississippi 39564 USA. *[email protected]. 2NOAA/NMFS, 3209 Frederic Street, Pascagoula, Mississippi 39567 USA.
ABSTRACT
In the northern Gulf of Mexico, large energetic eddies spin off the intruding Loop Current and migrate
westward along the continental slope region, with sporadic exchanges of water between the nutrient rich
shelf and the more oligotrophic deep basin. These exchanges enrich surface waters over the deep basin,
enhancing the spawning grounds of bluefin tuna (Thunnus thynnus) and other important big game fish,
but may be deleterious for reef fish which spawn and settle as juveniles on the shelf. Many reef fish are
broadcast spawners with eggs and larvae susceptible to entrainment in this large-scale, water exchange
process. Subsequent dispersal over the deep basin reduces potential larval success for species that tend
to settle in shallow water after a planktonic stage, and ultimately may influence cohort abundance. In
this study, we use adult female red snapper (Lutjanus campechanus) distribution and an operational
ocean model to investigate egg/larvae loss from natal populations via Loop Current spin-off eddies.
During the heavy spawning season (summer) between 2003 and 2014, eddy energy over the upper slope
decreased substantially and egg/larvae retention on the continental shelf increased by about 50%. It
appears that Loop Current spin off eddies occurred at lower latitudes with reduced water exchanges
along the outer shelf. As a result, retention for settlement in favorable habitat was increased. Ability to
broadcast larvae over broad areas, however, was weakened, and larval dispersal from dense (western
Gulf of Mexico) to depauperate (eastern Gulf of Mexico) red snapper populations was diminished.
KEYWORDS: Reef fish, Loop Current, larvae, circulation, decadal
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
135
Recent Advances Regarding the Role of Corticosteroids
in the Elasmobranch Stress Response
Los Recientes Avances en Cuanto al Papel de los Corticosteroides
en la Respuesta al Estrés de Elasmobranquios
Les Progrès Récents Concernant le Rôle des Corticostéroïdes
dans la Réponse au Stress Élasmobranches
ELIZABETH JONES*
1, ANDREW EVANS
1, and B. SCOTT NUNEZ
2
1University of Southern Mississippi, Gulf Coast Research Lab, 703 East Beach Drive,
Ocean Springs, Mississippi USA. *[email protected]. 2Wake Technical Community College, Raleigh, North Carolina 27603 USA.
ABSTRACT
A critical component of fisheries management is knowledge regarding the impact of capture stress on the
short-term condition of released individuals as well as longer-term impacts on fish populations. The
elasmobranch physiological response to stress is poorly understood, particularly with regard to activation
of the endocrine stress axis and production of corticosteroid hormones. Corticosteroids facilitate
survival of stressors by mobilizing energy reserves and directing energy away from other systems
including reproduction and immunity. Therefore long-term activation of the endocrine stress axis is
deleterious and may affect survival and/or reproductive fitness.
Impediments to understanding the stress response include the unique structure of the elasmobranch
corticosteroid, 1alpha-hydroxycorticosterone, and a paucity of molecular tools for examining
corticosteroid actions. Here we discuss the current state of knowledge regarding the regulation and
actions of corticosteroids in the elasmobranch fishes, including recent advances from our research group.
We serially sampled Atlantic stingrays and, using a modified assay, demonstrate (for the first time in
elasmobranchs) an increase in plasma corticosteroids within individuals following capture. Significant
effects of stress on plasma osmolytes were also observed, perhaps due to the dual actions of
corticosteroids in mediating both energy availability and osmoregulatory function. To facilitate
additional study of the actions of 1alpha-hydroxycorticosterone, we also isolated mRNAs encoding the
elasmobranch corticosteroid receptors and demonstrate expression of these mRNAs in tissues involved
in both osmoregulation and energy mobilization. These advances will facilitate further studies examining
the elasmobranch endocrine stress response, addressing a significant gap in elasmobranch research,
management and ultimately conservation efforts.
KEYWORDS: Elasmobranch, corticosteroid, stress, osmoregulation, receptor
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
136
Mesophotic Reef Fish Communities of Two South Texas Relic Coral-algal Banks:
North Hospital and Hospital
Comunidades de Peces de Arrecifes Mesofóticos en los Vestigios de Dos Bancos Coralinos-
algales al Sur de Texas: North Hospital y Hospital
Communautés de Poissons de Récifs Mésophotiques de Deux reliques de bancs algo-
coralliens au Sud du Texas: North Hospital et Hospital
LINDA JORDAN*, DAVID HICKS, KLINE RICHARD, and COOKSEY MARIA
University of Texas – Rio Grande Valley, Marine and Coastal Sciences,
One West University Boulevard, Brownsville, Texas 78520 USA. *[email protected].
ABSTRACT
Mesophotic ecosystems (30 - 150 m depths) are poorly understood due to the inherent difficulties
associated with working below recreational SCUBA diving limits. Thus, baseline studies of the
community structure, biodiversity and, geographic connectivity of mesophotic reef habitats are essential
with increasing threats from climate change, ocean acidification, and invasive species. Multibeam sonar,
side-scan sonar, and ROV technologies were used to examine the fish communities of two mesophotic
ecosystems in Northwestern Gulf of Mexico: North Hospital (27°34'30”N, 96°28'30”W) and Hospital
(27°32'30”N, 96°28'30”W) banks. These banks are remnants of a relict coral reef that stretched between
the Rio Grande and Brazos-Colorado shelf-edge fans. Reef fish were identified and enumerated from
ROV video footage. The sizes (biomass) of game fishes (snappers, groupers, and jacks) were estimated
from mutibeam sonar data. Side scan sonar was used to collect habitat characteristics and detect water
column fish aggregations along the same ROV transects. Collectively, thirty nine species in 19 families
were identified including invasive Pterois volitans. North Hospital‟s reef fish community had higher
species richness (36) and lower evenness (0.61) anddominance (0.75) compared to corresponding
metrics of (18), (0.81) and(0.87) at Hospital. The reef fish communities were 48% similar. The three
most common species at North Hospital were Chromis insolata (47%), Chaetodon sedentarius (7.4%),
and Lutjanus campechanus (7%). The three most common species at Hospital were Lutjanus
campechanus (28%), Coryphopterus sp. (21.3%), and Lutjanus griseus (8.2%). Aggregations of larger
fish were most often identified from the side scan data on the slopes of the banks.
KEYWORDS: Mesophotic, reef, Gulf of Mexico, ROV, Lutjanus
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
137
NGO Leadership in Developing a Transboundary Zoning Plan for the Grenada Bank
Liderazgo de la ONG en el Desarrollo de un Plan
Transfronterizo de Zonificación Para el Banco de Granada
Le Leadership des ONG a Elaborer un
Plan de Zonage Transfrontière pour la Banque Grenade
ORISHA JOSEPH and MARTIN BARRITEAU
Sustainable Grenadines Inc., Union Island, St. Vincent and the Grenadines.
ABSTRACT
Marine and coastal resources are a central component of people‟s lives in the Grenada Bank (GB).
Unfortunately, these important resources are threatened by increased and often conflicting human uses.
Unplanned development of our marine and coastal space and resources threatens the services that these
ecosystems provide like food security, coastal protection, tourist attractions and biodiversity protection.
As a result, SusGren decided to engage in a project to develop a Marine Multi-use Zoning Plan (MMZP)
for the entire Bank using the Marine Spatial Planning model. The process involved holding a key
visioning workshop and then follow-up workshops, community meetings throughout the 11 inhabited
Grenadine Islands involving as many marine resource users, MPA‟s, government, community etc. The
purpose was to ensure we develop a regionally appropriate framework for a comprehensive MMZP.
This resulted in the development of a draft zoning plan, a Charter for the Management of the Grenada
Bank, MMZP Policy Paper and Communication materials.
What is significant to date is that the MMZP plan has been incorporated into the St. Vincent and the
Grenadines National Oceans Policy which has been tabled before Cabinet for approval.
The main challenge in moving forward is to have the planed enacted into policy in both countries and
implementation is carried out effectively.
KEYWORDS: Marine spatial planning, zoning, Grenadines
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
138
Movement Patterns of Tiger Grouper (Mycteroperca tigris) at Spawning Aggregation Sites
in the US Virgin Islands and Puerto Rico
Patrones de Movimiento de Mero Tigre (Mycteroperca tigris) en Sitios de Agregación de
Desove en las Islas Virgenes de los Estados Unidos y Puerto Rico
Mouvements du mérou tigré (Mycteroperca trigis) sur les sites d'aggrégation de frai dans
les Îles Vierges Americaines et Porto Rico
ELIZABETH KADISON*, RICHARD NEMETH, and JON JOSSART
University of the Virgin Islands, 2 John Brewers Bay, St. Thomas, US Virgin Islands 00803 USA.
ABSTRACT
Annual spawning aggregations (FSA) of large groupers at predictable times and locations make them
vulnerable to over-fishing. Seasonal or permanent closures can provide effective protection, but defining
biologically relevant boundaries is difficult due to limited knowlege of the movement and migration
associated with spawning. The aim of this study was to determine the spatial and temporal pattern of
movement and migration associated with spawning aggregations of tiger grouper (Myteroperca tigris).
The study was conducted along the southern edge of the northern US Virgin Islands and Vieques, one of
the eastern islands of Puerto Rico. Male and female tiger groupers were acoustically tagged and released
at three spawning aggregation sites: Grammanik Bank, the Marine Conservation District (MCD) and El
Seco. Two arrays of acoustic receivers were stategically placed, one in an overlapping curtain around
and between the Grammanik Bank and the MCD, and another around El Seco. Data indicate that this
species commonly moved 1 to 3 km in a few hours and could cover 15 km in a 24 hr time period.
Movements of tagged groupers at the spawning sites carried them outside of the existing closure
boundaries of the Grammanim Bank and MCD protected areas and exposed them to fishing mortality on
a daily basis. Moreover, tiger groupers from each spawning site also visited the other spawning sites
suggestinig reduced spawning site fidelity in the species.
KEYWORDS: FSA, tiger grouper, hydroacoustic, MPA, Virgin Islands
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
139
Incentivising Lionfish Removals Through Development of Markets for Jewelry:
Preliminary Experiences from Belize, the Bahamas and St. Vincent and the Grenadines
Incentivando la Eliminación del Pez León a través del Desarrollo de los Mercados
para la Joyería: Experiencias Preliminares de Belice, las Islas Bahamas,
San Vicente y Las Granadinas
Inciter Suppression de Poisson Lions à travers le Développement de Marchés
pour les Bijoux: Les Expériences Préliminairesde Belize, aux Bahamas
et Saint Vincent et les Grenadines
PHILIP KARP*
1, JENNIFER CHAPMAN
2, MARC FRUITEMA
2, JOCELYN CURTIS-QUICK
3,
NANCY SAUL-DEMERS4, and ERIN SPENCER
18304 Twin Forks Lane, Washington, D.C. 20815 USA. *[email protected].
2Blue Ventures Conservation, Level 2 Annex, Omnibus Business Centre,
39-41 North Roadm London, United Kingdom. 3Cape Eleuthera Institute, P.O. Box EL-26029, Rock Sound, Eleuthera, The Bahamas.
4Mayreau Regatta and Sporting Committee, Mayreau VCO 460, Southern Grenadines.
ABSTRACT
The Indo-Pacific lionfish (Pterois volitans/miles) invasion poses a unique threat to Caribbean marine
ecosystems and as such requires an innovative approach to control. Due to rapid re-colonisation rates,
commercially incentivising removals presents the most feasible option for sustained population
suppression, conferring long-term benefits to coral reefs and their associated fisheries. Across the
Caribbean, efforts to develop markets for lionfish meat face a significant barrier; the high opportunity
cost faced by fishers targeting lionfish in place of traditionally-caught species. Value addition along the
market chain can help overcome this barrier, and emerging markets for jewellery made from previously
discarded parts of the fish – spines and fins – can increase the value of fishers‟ landed catch by up to
40%. Through comparing experiences from three Caribbean countries with different socioeconomic
contexts and fishing cultures, we discuss the relative success of interventions, such as jewellery-making
workshops and marketing assistance, used to jump-start these markets, as well as associated
socioeconomic benefits. Semi-structured interviews and questionnaires with jewellers in Belize and The
Bahamas captured perceived improvements in personal, social and economic wellbeing, and were used
to monitor contribution to household income and to identify challenges. Lionfish jewellery markets
provide an opportunity for women‟s economic empowerment, livelihood diversification in small-scale
fishing communities, and a new platform for outreach, increasing awareness, and engagement in lionfish
control. We conclude by discussing opportunities for expanding the benefits of this integrated approach
to lionfish management to other countries through developing regional guidelines, standards and a
possible common brand.
KEYWORDS: Lionfish, Belize, Bahamas, Grenadines, jewelry
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
140
Acquiring and Retaining Active Participation
Within a Constituent-based Tagging Program
Adquiriendo y Conservando la Participación Activa Dentro
de un Programa de Marcaje Comunitario
Acquisition et Rétention de la Participation Active dans un
Programme de Marquage
ADRIENNE KATZ*, DANIEL DINICOLA, PETER CHAIBONGSAI, and NATHAN BENDRIEM
The Billfish Foundation, 5100 North Federal Highway, Suite 200,
Fort Lauderdale, Florida 33308-3842 USA. *[email protected].
ABSTRACT
Constituent-based tagging programs (CBTPs) such as The Billfish Foundation (TBF) provide data
essential to learning more about the billfish (Istiophoridae) species. We examined portions of TBF\'s Tag
and Release Database to better understand what causes angler participation to waver over time.
Maintaining consistent data flow is necessary to advise best management practices for these fisheries,
which provide significant economic gain to the communities that depend on them. TBF and other CBTPs
aim to achieve this by collecting data through the actions of volunteer captains and anglers. By
examining the data generated by TBF constituents, we gain a more comprehensive view of the users, and
can anticipate their level of engagement. As TBF continues to grow, the number of supporters will
naturally experience fluctuations, thus it is critical to learn how to best target future participants who will
eventually replace early adopters of TBF\'s tag and release program. To understand why anglers remain
active, or what extrinsic factors influence their reporting activity, a 12-question survey was distributed to
TBF\'s U.S.-based anglers. Additionally, we reviewed data from other CBTPs: Southeast Fisheries
Science Center (SEFSC), and Dolphinfish Research Program (DRP), to determine if similar trends exist
across different species and programs. The results and recommendations can be used by other CBTPs,
empowering them to stimulate growth rate in the face of an inherently dynamic membership base.
KEYWORDS: Recreational sportfishing, constituent-based tagging programs, acquisition and retention
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
141
Lemon Shark (Negaprion brevirostris) Catch per Unit Effort (CPUE)
Trends over Three Decades of Longlining in Bimini, Bahamas
Captura por Unidad de Esfuerzo del Tiburon Limón (Negaprion brevirostris)
a lo Largo de Tres Décadas de Pesca de Línea en Bimini, Bahamas
Tendances dans les Prises par Unités D'effort (indice CPUE) de Requin Jaune
(Negaprion brevirostris) au Cours de Trois Décennies de Palangre à Bimini, Bahamas
STEVEN KESSEL*1, ALEX HANSELL
2, SAMUEL GRUBER
1, TRISTAN GUTTRIDGE
1,
NIGEL HUSSEY3, and RUPERT PERKINS
4
1Bimini Biological Field Station Foundation, 9300 SW 99th Street, Miami, Florida 33176 USA.
*[email protected] 2School for Marine Science and Technology, University of Massachusetts,
Fairhaven, Massachusetts 02719 USA. 3Great Lakes Institute for Environmental Research, University of Windsor,
401 Sunset Avenue, Windsor, Ontario N9B 3P4 Canada. 4Department of Earth and Ocean Sciences, Cardiff University,
Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3AT United Kingdom.
ABSTRACT
Long-term population assessments are necessary to determine species specific trends and inform
management decisions. The waters surrounding the Bimini Islands, Bahamas, are rich in elasmobranch
fauna. This study assessed three shallow water longline research campaigns at this location, 1982 –
1992, 1993 – 2003 and 2004 – 2014, with the aim to determine annual catch per unit effort (CPUE)
trends for an IUCN listed near threatened species, the lemon shark (Negaprion brevirostris). A general
additive model (GAM) was used to analyse the non-linear annual CPUE values over the entire 32 year
research period. The GAM displayed high variability of annual CPUE, with a peak value of 0.026 in
2000. The 1982-1992 campaign saw highest portion of mature individuals (19.8%) and the smallest
average pre-caudal length [PCL] (198 cm). The 1993 - 2003 campaign had the highest average annual
CPUE (0.018) and percentage of total capture (32.3%). The 2004 – 2014 research period saw largest
average PCL size (134.8 cm) and the lowest average CPUE values (0.009) of the entire research period.
Long-term trends of this study highlight annual variability, and provide a baseline for future assessment
of the Bahamas shark sanctuary relative to lemon shark abundance.
KEYWORDS: CPUE, lemon shark, population trend, general additive model, longline
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
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Differential Habitat Use and Reef-fish Community Organization Among the Reef-top and
Slope Morphology Within a Single Shelf-edge Ecotone in La Parguera, Puerto Rico
El Uso Diferencial del Hábitat y la Organización Comunitaria de Peces Arrecifales Entre
la Morfología de la Cima del Arrecife y el Pared dentro de un Ecotono en La Parguera,
Puerto Rico
Utilisation Différentielle de L‟habitat et Structuration de la Communauté Ichtyologique
Récifale entre Pente Externe et Crête Récifale au Sein D‟un Écotone
de la Marge Continentale de La Parguera, Puerto Rico
JOSHUA KILBORN*1, ORIAN TZADIK
1, and RICHARD APPLEDOORN
2
University of South Florida, College of Marine Science, 140 7th Avenue South,
St. Petersburg, Florida 33701 USA. *[email protected]. 2University of Puerto Rico – Mayagüez, Department of Marine Science,
P.O. Box 9000, Mayagüez Puerto Rico 00681 USA.
ABSTRACT
Ecotones are often habitats with high diversity and heterogeneous characteristics which can occur across
a wide range of spatial extents and dynamic features. Differential habitat use is a common occurrence in
many ecotones, but has typically been recorded in those with larger spatial scales. However, here we
present evidence for differential habitat use by reef fishes within a spatially narrow shelf-edge ecotone
that abruptly delineates a continuous fringing-reef from the adjacent mesophotic-reef off the
southwestern corner of Puerto Rico. The observed organization of fish communities along the shelf-edge
reef and slope exhibits a strong link to trophic structure within the greater ecotone. Differences in
community structure are apparent between reef-top and slope locations and community indicator species
are identified to highlight trophic relationships. Differences in benthic characteristics between the reef-
top and slope habitats are also evident and strong correlations between fish community composition and
benthic habitat are observed. These results suggest that when taking management action or undergoing
ecosystem based assessments for fishes within a shelf-edge ecotone, it is best to consider the unique
combination of species and habitats present in order to account for the potential impacts of management.
This work represents a framework for identifying community organization and ecological preferences
within a high-diversity ecotone.
KEYWORDS: Ecotone, differential habitat usage, reef fishes
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
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Fishery-Independent Baseline Assessment of the Northern Florida Reef Tract
Determinación de una Línea Base Independiente de la Pesquería en el Tramo Arrecifal
Norte de La Florida
Evaluation D‟une Ligne De Base Indépendante De La Pêche Dans Les Récifs Du Nord De
La Floride
KIRK KILFOYLE*1, BRIAN WALKER
2, KURTIS GREGG
3, and RICHARD SPIELER
1
1Nova Southeastern University, Oceanographic Center,
8000 North Ocean Drive, Dania Beach, Florida 33004 USA. *[email protected]. 2NOAA Fisheries Service, 400 North Congress Avenue, Suite 110, West Palm Beach, Florida 33401
USA.
ABSTRACT
Reef fishes are important biologic, ecologic, and economic resources which must be managed for
sustainability. Until recently, there was no long-term monitoring program in place to assess the condition
of reef fish resources of the northern end of the Florida Reef Tract (NFRT), between St. Lucie Inlet and
the Miami River. A three-year statistically robust, habitat-based, fishery-independent sampling protocol
was designed and implemented through a joint cooperative effort of Federal, Florida State, and
university scientists. The sampling design is map-based and incorporates simultaneous non-destructive
assessment of abiotic and biotic variables. The resulting dataset provides detailed habitat-associated
insight into fish assemblage structure. Thus, from both management and ecological-sciences
perspectives, these data are a valuable resource.
To date, three years of data collection (2012 - 2014) from 864 sites have been acquired and > 560,000
individual fish of 289 species were recorded. There are significant differences in the geographic
distribution of reef fishes at local and regional scales. Comparing data from the NFRT (this study) with
previously published data shows a pattern of increasing percent occurrence and density for most, but not
all, target species from the NFRT down through the Florida Keys and into the Dry Tortugas. This leads
to the conclusion that many species of fisheries interest are overfished in the NFRT as they are in the
Florida Keys. The dataset provides a picture of an environment that has already experienced substantial
anthropogenic impact; it provides a critical baseline for management strategies aimed at improvement.
KEYWORDS: Reef fish, Florida, coral reef, stock assessment, visual survey
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
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Consumptive and Non-consumptive Effects of Invasive Lionfish on Native Herbivores
Efectos del Consumo y No Consumo de Herbívoros Nativos por el Pez León Invasor:
Posibles Consecuencias para la Capacidad de Recuperación Ecológica
de los Arrecifes de Coral
Effets De La Rascasse Volante Invasive Suite A Sa Consommation Et Non Consommation
D‟herbivores Indigènes : Conséquences Potentielles Pour La Résilience Ecologique Des
Récifs Coralliens
TYE KINDINGER*
1, MARK ALBINS
2, and MARK HIXON
3
1Oregon State University, 3029 Cordley Hall, Corvallis, Oregon 97331 USA.
*[email protected]. 2Auburn University, Gulf Coast Research and Extension Center,
8300 State Highway 104, Fairhope, Alabama 36532 USA. 3University of Hawai'I, 2538 McCarthy Mall, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822 USA.
ABSTRACT
On Caribbean reefs, herbivorous fishes (especially parrotfishes) foster coral dominance by reducing the
deleterious effects of benthic algae on corals. The voracious invasive lionfish (Pterois volitans) could
reduce fish grazing via direct predation (i.e., “consumptive effects” or CEs) on native herbivorous fish
populations, as well as by inhibiting native fish grazing behavior (i.e., “non-consumptive effects” or
NCEs). We tested for lionfish CEs and NCEs on native herbivorous fishes in the Bahamas. In June 2009,
we manipulated lionfish density (low and high) on 10 paired large reefs. We surveyed fish populations
and maintained lionfish treatments every 3 - 5 months thereafter. In July 2011, we quantified fish
grazing behavior (visitation and bite rates) on algal-covered substrata placed in microhabitats differing in
lionfish presence at the reef (low and high lionfish density) and within-reef scales (lionfish presence-
absence in microhabitat). Lionfish significantly reduced the density of small herbivorous fishes by the
end of the 2010 recruitment season (lionfish × time interaction: LRT p = 0.002). Lionfish also
significantly decreased grazing behavior of small and large herbivorous fishes (all variables: LRT p <
0.001). As a result, lionfish indirectly reduced algal loss of substrata by 66 - 80%. Parrotfishes were
driving the overall herbivorous fish community response. This study provides clear evidence of invasive
lionfish having both CEs and NCEs on native herbivorous fishes, and strongly suggests lionfish NCEs
are capable of diminishing the functional role of algal-removal via grazing by large herbivorous fishes.
KEYWORDS: Predator-prey interactions, non-lethal effects, antipredator behavior, trait-mediated
effects, trophic cascade
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
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Refuges and the Control of Invasive Species
Refugios y el Control de las Especies Invasoras
Zones de Refuge et Contrôle des Espèces Invasives
DAVID KLING
Department of Applied Economics, Oregon State University, 307E Ballard Extension Hall,
Corvallis, Oregon 97331 USA. *[email protected].
ABSTRACT
Many harmful invasive species colonize large spatial areas that include a diverse range of habitats.
While a large bioeconomic literature addresses spatial-dynamics of invasive species management,
limited attention is given to spatial heterogeneity of an invasion and its implications for the design of
cost-effective control design. Potential sources of spatial heterogeneity include natural factors such as
the local assemblage of native species. Other sources are socioeconomic, for example the distance of an
area from the nearest population center. Of particular concern for management is when spatial
heterogeneity leads to a refuge effect: partial or complete protection from one or more methods of
control. This paper introduces a stylized spatial-dynamic bioeconomic model of invasive species
management in the presence of a refuge effect. A decision maker minimizes the net present value of
invasion damage and management costs by specifying control across space and time. The model is
tailored to the case of invasive lionfish (Pterois spp.), predatory marine species known to infest deep
water areas beyond the reach of control by divers. Other control techniques than can access lionfish in
these depth refuges are likely to generate damage in the form of native species bycatch. Analytical
results from control theory characterize the influence of economic and biological model parameters on
the optimal policy. Numerical results explore the influence the refuge effect when only one control
method is available, and the trade-off between invasion damage avoided and bycatch when a second
non-selective control method is introduced.
KEYWORDS: Bioeconomic, invasive species, spatial dynamic, depth refuge, lionfish
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
146
Marine Habitat Mapping For Barbados: Development of a Habitat Classification Scheme
and Application of Remote Sensing and Ground-truthing Video-surveys
Mapeo de Hábitats Marinos en Barbados: Desarrollo de un Sistema de Clasificación
de Hábitat, y la Aplicación de la Teledetección y la Verificación de Campo sobre el
Terreno Mediante Video-estudios
La Cartographie des Habitats Marins pour la Barbade: Développement d'un Sysème
de Classification de L'habitat et de L'application de la Télédétection
et de la Vidéo-enquêtes de Vérification au Sol
LINDY KNOWLES*, KIMBERLY BALDWIN,
RENATA GOODRIDGE, and HAZEL OXENFORD
CERMES – The University of the West Indies (Cave Hill), Bridgetown, BB 11000 Barbados.
ABSTRACT
Marine habitat maps are fundamental for the management of marine resources, but are not routinely
available in the small island states of the Caribbean. Furthermore, existing habitat maps are rarely
compatible since they have been created with different habitat schemes and different methods. However
the application of modern remote sensing technologies together with a geographical information system
(GIS) and strategic ground-truthing means that marine habitat maps can now be produced with better
accuracy and lower budgets than previously possible. In this study we describe the development of a
locally-relevant habitat classification scheme and application of GIS to use high resolution LiDAR,
satellite imagery and ground-truthing marine video surveys to derive the first comprehensive marine
habitat map for Barbados. Anticipated benefits of this research include support for ecosystem-based
marine management and decision-making, marine spatial planning, and further research and education in
Barbados. The described methods also have broad application for marine mapping across other
Caribbean states.
KEYWORDS: Remote sensing, Barbados, marine habitat mapping, benthic habitat classification,
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
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Individual Responses to Stress in the Atlantic Stingray Including Potential
Long-term Effects on Recovery and Fitness
Las Respuestas Individuales al Estrés en la Raya del Atlántico Incluyendo los Posibles
Efectos a Largo Plazo sobre la Recuperación y la Aptitude
Réponses individuelles de la raie de l'Atlantique au stress, y compris les effets potentiels à
long terme sur la récupération et la remise en forme
FAITH LAMBERT*
1, JASON TREBERG
2, GARY ANDERSON
2, and ANDREW EVANS
1
1University of Southern Mississippi, Gulf Coast Research Laboratory, 703 East Beach Drive,
Ocean Springs, Mississippi 39564 USA. * [email protected]. 2University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, R3T 2N2 Canada.
ABSTRACT
While the immediate impacts of fishing stressors on elasmobranch physiology have been well described,
gaps remain in our understanding of individual responses over time and the potential for recovery. Using
air exposure of Atlantic stingrays as a consistent and fisheries-relevant stressor, we examined multiple
stress-related parameters and plasma levels of several metabolic fuels including the ketone body β-
hydroxybutyrate. Multiple studies have demonstrated that elasmobranchs are unusually reliant on ketone
bodies, whereas glucose is almost exclusively quantified in studies regarding elasmobranch stress
physiology. Plasma osmolality, urea, trimethylamine-N-oxide, and a suite of ions were also measured to
characterize departures from homeostasis due to air exposure.
Individual stingrays were serially sampled after 0, 15 and 30 minutes of air exposure, and also 48 hours
later to assess recovery. Blood lactate, pCO2, and acidosis increased significantly throughout the stressor,
but returned to baseline levels within 48 hours. Stress did not affect plasma β-hydroxybutyrate,
suggesting that ketone bodies may not be a major fuel source used during acute stress, at least in the
timeframe examined. Conversely, glucose values were affected by air exposure with the highest values
obtained at 48 hours, suggesting that animals were not fully recovered as initially indicated by other
metrics. Analysis of the plasma metabolome supports this conclusion, as metabolites significantly altered
by stress depart even further from baseline values 48 hours later. The results of this study suggest that
fishing stressors may result in long-term departures from homeostasis that are not adequately understood
nor appropriately assessed using conventional physiological endpoints.
KEYWORDS: Elasmobranch, stress, physiology, mortality, fitness
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
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Evidence of Nitrogen-fueled Blooms of Pelagic Sargassum in the Gulf of Mexico
Evidencia de Afloraciones de Sargassum Pelágico Alimentados por Nitrógeno
en el Golfo de México
Présence D'efflorescences de L'algue Pélagique Sargassum Alimentées
par des Flux D'azote dans le Golf du Mexique
BRIAN LAPOINTE*
1, CHUANMIN HU
2, LAURA HERREN
3, and ALISON FEIBEL
1
1Florida Atlantic University - Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institute,
5600 US 1 North Fort Pierce, Florida 34946 USA. *[email protected]. 2College of Marine Science, University of South Florida,
140 Seventh Avenue South, St. Petersburg, Florida 33701 USA.
ABSTRACT
Since 2011, unprecedented strandings of pelagic Sargassum, commonly known as “gulf weed,” have
been occurring over broad areas of the western North Atlantic Ocean and Caribbean Sea. These
strandings, characterized by excessive biomass, are considered harmful algal blooms as they have a
detrimental impact on both the environment and the economies of these coastal areas. Previous
ecophysiological and remote sensing research suggests that a Sargassum “growth continuum” begins in
the Gulf of Mexico (GOM) and follows the Loop Current around the Florida Keys and then north to the
Gulf Stream and ultimately the Sargasso Sea and Caribbean region. Ecophysiological studies of
Sargassum fluitans in the GOM between 2010 and 2012 showed significantly higher tissue %N, N:P
ratios and productivity compared to region-wide baseline measurements in the mid-1980s. Remote
sensing measurements also showed that extensive pelagic Sargassum biomass accumulated in the NW
GOM in the winter/spring between 2010 and 2012, which was subsequently advected by the Loop
Current and Gulf Stream into the Atlantic Ocean and Sargasso Sea following the breakdown of the
Franklin Eddy in late fall of 2010. These studies point to the importance of the GOM as a bioreactor for
nutrient-enriched growth and productivity of Sargassum, and could be a significant factor in triggering
these unprecedented Sargassum strandings.
KEYWORDS: Sargassum, nitrogen-enrichment, ecophysiology, biomass, HAB
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
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Temporal Dynamics of Lipid and Fatty Acid Characteristics of Gulf Menhaden,
Brevoortia patronus, in the Northern Gulf of Mexico
Dinámicas Temporales en las Características de Lípidos y Ácidos Grasos de la Sardina
Lacha, Brevoortia patronus, en el Norte del Golfo de México
Dynamique Temporelle des Caractéristiques de Lipides et Acides Gras du Golfe
Menhaden, Brevoortia patronus, dans le Nord du Golfe de Mexico
ROBERT LEAF*1, NANCY BROWN-PETERSON
1, MICHAEL ANDRES
1,
JESSE TRUSCHENSKI2, and ALEXIS BERGMAN
2
1University of Southern Mississippi, Gulf Coast Research Lab, 703 East Beach Drive
Ocean Springs, Mississippi 39564 USA. *[email protected]. 2Department of Zoology, Southern Illinois University,
1263 Lincoln Drive, Carbondale, Illinois 62901 USA.
ABSTRACT
Gulf menhaden, Brevoortia patronus, are considered an important forage fish and support a large
commercial fishery in the northern Gulf of Mexico (GOM). Although modeling work supports the
premise that Gulf Menhaden is a critical component of the trophic web, the effects of inter- and intra-
annual variability of the stock are not well-understood. In this study, we perform an analysis of the long-
term (37 y) trends in inter-annual lipid yield (L/kg) of the Gulf Menhaden stock derived from the
commercial fishery. In addition, we analyzed the fatty acid composition of Gulf Menhaden collected
from the commercial fishery and fishery-independent samples during 2014 and 2015. We find that there
is considerable inter-annual variation in lipid content, and that the contrast in oil yield is strongly
correlated to the magnitude of regional river discharge. We found no significant differences in mean
muscle lipid density between males or females, but immature fish have significantly lower (p < 0.001)
lipid density than sexually mature females. Fatty acid analyses suggests the presence of more long-chain
polyunsaturated fats (LC-PUFA) during the winter spawning period indicative of homeoviscous
adaptation for maintenance of cell membrane flexibility and the provisioning of oocytes. In contrast, we
found decreased LC-PUFA during spring, consistent with the reduced availability of LC-PUFA in the
algal food source. The inter- and intra-annual variations in fatty acid and lipid content may have
implications related to the trophic web in the northern GOM.
KEYWORDS: Fatty acid, Brevoortia patronus, Gulf menhaden, trophic, ecosystem
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
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Identifying Biodiversity Hotspots of Threatened Endemic Bony Shorefishes in the Greater
Caribbean to Inform Area-specific Conservation Planning Priorities
Identificando Puntos Críticos de Biodiversidad para Peces Óseos Costeros Endémicos en
Peligro en el Gran Caribe para Informar sobre las Prioridades de Conservación en la
Planificación de Áreas Específicas
Identifier les hotspot de biodiversité des poissons osseux endémiques menacés dans la
région Caraïbe pour éclairer les priorités spécifiques de planification de la conservation
CHRISTI LINARDICH*
1 and KENT E. CARPENTER
2
1IUCN – Marine Biodiversity Unit, Global Marine Species Assessment,
Old Dominion University. Norfolk, Virginia 23529 USA. *[email protected]. 2Global Marine Species Assessment, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529 USA.
ABSTRACT
The lack of comprehensive datasets on marine species distributions and threats often restricts our ability
to address conservation goals that emphasize preserving biodiversity. Identifying those species at an
elevated risk for extinction via the objective, but adaptable, methods developed by the IUCN Red List is
a stepping stone that can be used to systematically inform conservation priorities. The recent IUCN Red
List assessments of the nearly 1,400 marine bony shorefishes of the greater Caribbean allows, for the
first time, comprehensive analyses of the impact of pervasive region-wide threats on this ecologically
and economically important group. This study used the expert-vetted polygonal distribution maps to
identify biodiversity hotspots as well as potential gaps in protection for the 45 threatened endemic
shorefishes. Species richness was determined by overlaying the distribution maps in a GIS analysis.
Results show that the top three hotspots are located in Belize (17 species), central Panama (13), and the
Cayman Islands (13). The majority of these species (89%) are small-bodied with highly restricted ranges
and are susceptible to habitat degradation and/or predation by the invasive lionfish. The existence of
potential protective measures in these areas was identified by overlaying polygons of established marine
protected areas. Off Belize, all 17 species distributions intersect with the South Water Caye Marine
Reserve. A review of the capacity of this area‟s management plan to mitigate threats to these species
would identify opportunities to fill specific gaps in protection.
KEYWORDS: Conservation planning, endangered species, bony shorefishes, marine protected areas,
biodiversity
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
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Sargassum Early Advisory System Organizational Biography:
Account of Accomplishments
Biografía Organizacional como Sistema de Asesoramiento Temprano sobre el Sargazo:
Recuento de Logros
Système Organisationnel De Prévisions Des Sargasses : Etats Des Réalisations
THOMAS LINTON*, ROBERT WEBSTER, THOMAS ROBERTSON, and BRANDON HILL
Texas A&M University at Galveston, 200 Seawolf Parkway,
Galveston, Texas 77553 USA. *[email protected].
ABSTRACT
This Organizational Biography will function as the account of the Sargassum Early Advisory System
(SEAS) Team‟s accomplishments from establishment until present day. This collection of projects,
publications and plans serves to outline the contribution the SEAS Team has made to the scientific
community at large. Established in December of 2009 the SEAS Team began as a low-funded National
Aeronautics and Space Administration Gulf of Mexico Initiative Research Opportunities in Space and
Earth Sciences (NASA GOMI ROSES) project. The Primary Investigator, Dr. Thomas Linton, and his
PhD. student Robert Webster spearheaded the project with the intent of mentoring undergraduate and
graduate students just getting started in research. With a goal of understanding Sargassum‟s life cycle
and creating a way of forecasting its arrivals the SEAS Team grew within a few years to include students
in every phase of their education. By 2012 the SEAS Team had a means of manually forecasting the
arrival of Sargassum on the Texas Coastline reaching 98% accuracy in the first season. Now forecasting
the Sargassum arrival for eleven countries in the Caribbean and five of the Gulf states SEAS has become
a staple for those responsible for maintaining the functionality of affected coastlines. Other ongoing
projects include the Sargassum growth rate project, the development of the SEAS web application, many
student directed studies. Moving forward SEAS intends to continue to grow its reach both domestically
and globally with expanded research efforts realized in the form of several study abroad programs
through Texas A&M University at Galveston.
KEYWORDS: Sargassum, seaweed, remote sensing, NASA, Texas A&M
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
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Modelamiento de las Relaciones Biométricas de las Jaibas Azul (Callinectes sapidus) y
Jaiba Roja (Callinectes bocourti) Precedentes de la Pesquería Artesanal en la Zona
Noroccidental de la Ciénaga Grande de Santa Marta, Caribe Colombiano
Modeling of Biometrics Relations of Blue Crab (Callinectes sapidus) and Blunttooth
Swimcrab (Callinectes bocourti) from the Artisanal Fisheries in the Northwest Area of the
Ciénaga Grande de Santa Marta, Colombian Caribbean
Modélisation Des Relations Biométriques Du Crabe Bleu (Callinectes sapidus) Et Du
Crabe Chancre (Callinectes bocourti) Issus De La Pêche Artisanale Dans La Région Du
Nord-Ouest De La Ciénaga Grande De Santa Marta, Caraïbes Colombiennes
GERMAN LOZANO*, ERICK OROZCO, LILIANA PACHECO, and PAMELA REATIGA
Universidad Simón Bolívar, Carrera 54 58-28, Barranquilla, Atlantico 080002 Colombia.
RESUMEN
Con el propósito de proveer información biológica para la adopción de medidas de aprovechamiento,
regulación y manejo sostenible de la pesquería, se determinaron aspectos poblacionales de las jaibas roja
(Callinectes bocourti) y azul (Callinectes sapidus) procedentes de la zona noroccidental de la Ciénaga
Grande de Santa Marta, Caribe colombiano, durante el periodo comprendido entre marzo del 2013 a
enero del 2014. En total se registraron 375 ejemplares, 340 de C. bocourti y 35 C. sapidus, a los cuales
se les tomó los siguientes parámetros biométricos: Abertura de la Base de las Espinas Laterales ABEL
(cm), Longitud del Cefalotórax - Lca (cm), Peso Total (gr), Sexo y Madurez sexual (Maduro e
Inmaduro). Para C. bocourti, los intervalos de ABEL oscilaron entre 5,51 11,00 cm, los intervalos de
Lca entre 2,95 y 6,94 cm y el peso total entre 27,1 y 198,5 g, la proporción machos:hembras fue de
1:3,82. Para C. sapidus, los intervalos de ABEL oscilaron entre 6,58 y 11,37 cm, los Lca entre 3,54 y
6,54 cm y los de peso total entre 30,9 y 195,0 g, la proporción machos:hembras fue de 1:1. En relación
con la maduración sexual, para C. bocourti, en hembras, el 66,4% corresponde a maduras, 31%
madurando y 2,6% inmaduras y en machos el 69 % a adultos y 31,0% juveniles. En C. sapidus, el 73,7%
de las hembras eran maduras, el 15,80% estaban madurando y un 10,50% estaban inmaduras, así mismo
el 75,0% de los machos eran adultos y un 25,0% juveniles.
PALABRAS CLAVES: Callinectes, jaiba, modelación, madurez, población
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
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Identificación de las Señales de Premuda en la Jaiba Roja
(Callinectes bocourti, Milne, Eduarws, 1879)
Identification Signals Molting in Blunttooth Swimcrab
(Callinectes bocourti, Milne, Eduarws, 1879)
Signaux D'identification Mue en Blunttooth Swimcrab
(Callinectes bocourti, Milne, Eduarws, 1879)
GERMAN LOZANO, PAMELA REATIGA, IRIS ALARCÓN, and LILIANA PACHECO
Universidad Simón Bolívar, Carrera 54 58-28, Barranquilla, Atlantico 080002 Colombia.
RESUMEN
Se identificaron, preliminarmente, las señales de premuda de la jaiba roja (Callinectes bocourti), de
individuos procedentes de la zona noroccidental de la Ciénaga Grande de Santa Marta, Caribe
colombiano; con el objeto de proporcionar información para la producción y obtención de jaiba suave
(soft shell). Fueron colectados y analizados 472 ejemplares, de los cuales se registró la siguiente
información biométrica: Abertura de la Base de las Espinas Laterales ABEL con intervalos de 3.9 a 11.0
cm, Longitud del Cefalotórax 1.8 a 6.94 cm y Peso Total 18 a 198.5 g, Sexo y Madurez sexual. Mediante
la observación de la morfología externa de la especie fue posible identificar las señales de premuda,
tomando como referencia las descritas para Callinectes sapidus. De las cinco señales descritas para la
jaiba azul, solo se identificaron dos de forma exacta en la jaiba roja, como son el último segmento de la
pata natatoria adquiere una consistencia acolchonada identificable al ejercer una leve presión y cambios
en la coloración del abdomen de blanco a purpura, mientras que el cambio del color del reborde del
tercer par de maxilipedos se identifica de forma diferente tomando una tonalidad gris. Además se
encontraron cuatro señales de identificación de premuda avanzada. que no han sido descritas para
ninguna especie del género Callinectes: líneas de sutura ventrales marcadas; pliegue interno de la
articulación merus-carpus dividido en los quelipedos; tejido de la base del quinto par de pereiópodos de
color gris y línea subtraqueal marcada y quebradiza.
PALABRAS CLAVES: Premuda, señales, Callinectes, muda
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
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Estimating the Vulnerability of Endemic Brazilian Reef Fishes to Lionfish Predation
Estimación de la Vulnerabilidad de los Peces Arrecifales Brasileños Endémicos
a la Depredación del Pez León
Estimation De La Vulnérabilité Des Poissons Récifaux Endémiques Du Brésil Face A La
Prédation Du Poisson-Lion
OSMAR LUIZ*
1, LAIS CHAVES
2, CARLOS FERREIRA
2, and STEPHANIE GREEN
3
1Macquarie University, Balaclava Road, North Ryde,
Sydney, NSW 2066 Australia. *[email protected]. 2Universidad Federal Fluminense, Campos Valonguinho, Niteroi, RJ Brazil.
3Department of Zoology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331 USA.
ABSTRACT
As invasive lionfish populations continue to expand in the Western Atlantic and Caribbean, concerns
have raised in other parts of the Atlantic that may be under the reach of the invasion. For many years, the
tropical southwest Atlantic was lionfish free, likely because of the prominent northward direction of
ocean currents in that region. However, recent records of lionfish individuals on the Brazilian coast
suggest that its range expansion to the south Atlantic is occurring. The lionfish is a voracious predator
that can severely affect populations of Caribbean native fishes. Species with specific traits that make
them more prone to lionfish predation are particularly vulnerable. In this study, we evaluate the traits of
Brazilian endemic reef fishes to estimate their potential vulnerability to predation by invasive lionfish.
Few Brazilian endemics have traits that reduce predation risk, like cleaning behaviour. The large
majority of endemic species, however, are small, shallow-bodied, solitary fishes found resting on or just
above reefs, being the most vulnerable to predation by lionfish. By mapping the distribution of trait-
combinations along the Brazilian coast and islands, we found that the Brazilian oceanic islands have a
higher proportion of predation-sensitive endemic species than the continental coast, which associated
with their inherently small geographic range and total population size, put these species under a high risk
of global extinction. Our analysis highlights the importance of prioritizing insular environments for
monitoring the lionfish invasion in the south Atlantic.
Funding statement: This work is partly funded by CAPES Science Without Borders Fellowship (LC).
KEYWORDS: Endemic species, reef fishes, oceanic islands, extinction risk, lionfish
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
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Distribution of Larval Lionfish (Pterois volitans) in the Western Caribbean Sea
Distribución de Larvas del Pez Leon (Pterois volitans) en el Caribe Occidental
Répartition Des Larves De Poisson-Lion (Pterois volitans) Dans L‟ouest De La Mer Des
Caraïbes
ESTRELLA MALCA*
1, FELIPE ELOY SOSA
2, LOURDES VASQUEZ YEOMANS
2,
LAURA CARRILLO2, SELENE MORALES
2, TRIKA GERARD
3, and JAMES MORRIS
4
1University of Miami – RSMAS, 4600 Rickenbacker Causeway, Miami, Florida 33149 USA.
*[email protected]. 2El Colegio de la Frontera Sur, Av. Centenario km 5.5, CP 77014, Chetumal, Quintana Roo, Mexico.
3NOAA Fisheries – SEFSC, 75 Virginia Beach Drive, Miami, Florida 33149 USA.
4 NOAA – National Ocean Service, 101 Pivers Island Road, Beaufort, North Carolina 28516 USA.
ABSTRACT
Little is known regarding the larval ecology of the invasive red lionfish (Pterois volitans) that has
disturbed the Western Caribbean ecosystem for twenty years. We present an overview of our extensive
collection of lionfish larvae (1.5 - 15.0 mm total length) of the Atlantic from intermittent oceanographic
surveys starting in November 2009 through June 2015, using MOCNESS, S10 and neuston nets. Our
geographic coverage includes larval collections as far east as Haiti, and south including the
Mesoamerican Reef to Cozumel, the northern Bahamas and the Gulf of Mexico. Temporal variation was
observed with only three lionfish larvae collected in 2010; however in the subsequent 2011 and 2012
surveys, over 100 larvae were collected in each year. Gear similarities were found in 2011 between nets
sampled with mean density for S10 net tows 2.871 ± 1.887 larvae/1000 m3 while MOCNESS tows 2.421
± 3.128 larvae/1000 m3. Depth stratification analysis indicated that no lionfish larvae were found below
40 m; and the highest density of larvae occurred in the 20 - 30 m depth stratum. Additionally,
genotyping using mtDNA COI assigned three different haplotypes mixed throughout the 2011 sampling
area. Preliminary ageing results will be presented to ascertain larval age at length. Ours results confirm
that this species has become fully established in the Caribbean basin and will continue to present a threat
to the native fish assemblages in this region.
KEYWORDS: Lionfish, early life history, Pterois volitans, distribution, pez leon
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
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What Drives the Success of Lionfish Derbies? A Regional Analysis
Qué Factores Producen el Éxito en los Torneos de Pez León? Un Análisis Regional
Quels sont les Moteurs du Succès des Concours de Pêche pour le Poisson-lion Invasive?
Une Analyse Régionale
LUIS MALPICA CRUZ*, LAÍS CHAVES, and ISABELLE CÔTÉ
Simon Fraser University, Department of Biological Sciences,
8888 University Drive, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6 Canada. *[email protected].
ABSTRACT
One of the most common lionfish control strategies is the implementation of “acute” lionfish culls in the
form of tournaments or derbies. During derbies, diving and fishing enthusiasts are encouraged to kill as
many lionfish as possible over a specific time period to win prizes and gain the satisfaction of
contributing to coral reef conservation. Most lionfish derbies are organized by or held in developed
countries and engage mainly the recreational diving community. More recently, the strategy has been
replicated in developing countries, generally with artisanal fishermen being invited to participate in the
culling efforts, thus promoting lionfish as an alternative fishery resource. We compiled information on
69lionfish derbies from the tropical North Western Atlantic, Gulf of Mexico and Caribbean, with the
goal of identifying the factors that drive derby success, in terms of total lionfish catch (TC), catch per
unit effort (CPUE), and effort (E).We find that the type of participants invited, the economic level of the
country (GDP per capita) and the number of dive shops in the area where the tournament is held all
affect the three metrics of success. Most importantly, derbies that enlist fishermen, and those held in
developing countries, are more successful by all three measures. We discuss the importance of including
fishermen in derbies as an effective means to manage this invasion, and emphasize the need to monitor
lionfish populations to assess the impacts and effectiveness of derbies as tools to control the lionfish
invasion.
KEYWORDS: Lionfish, invasion, derbies, socioeconomic, fisheries
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
157
Bringing Together the Knowledge of Small-scale Fishers and the Scientific Knowledge for
Size-based Management Purposes
Integrando el Conocimiento de los Pescadores de Pequeña Escala y el Conocimiento
Científico para Propósito de Manejo Basado en Tallas
Intégration du Savoir des Pêcheurs à Petite Échelle et des Connaissances Scientifiques à
des Fins de Gestion Basées sur la Taille
LUIS MANJARRES MARTINEZ*, LUIS ORLANDO DUARTE,
JAIRO ENRIQUE ALTAMAR, and FELIX CUELLO LINA SAAVEDRA
Universidad del Magdalena, Calle 21A 22-52 Casa 30, Santa Marta, Magdalena, Colombia.
ABSTRACT
Under data-limited situations, size-based biological reference points are useful to monitor the status of
fish stocks. One of the most useful of these points is the size at maturity (L50%), the optimal catch
length and the size to which almost all the specimens of the species are mature, referenced as L90-100.
Based on these reference points, we developed an innovative and low-cost methodology to transfer this
information to small-scale fishermen of the northern Colombian Caribbean in a pedagogical and simple
way, in order to achieve two basic objectives: 1) to sensitize them about the importance of responsible
fishing, and 2) establish the biological and/or socio-economic criteria which they prioritize to define and
meet management measures based on catch sizes control. The transfer of scientific information into the
fishermen was made by graphical techniques, illustrative of current and ideal state of the resources,
while the priority criteria were obtained through analysis of sensitivity of perceptions to scientific
information, contrasted with the information on optimum catch sizes of each species from an economic
point of view. Our results indicate that small-scale fishermen are sensitive to the supply of scientific
information only in the case of small-sized species. Indeed, when local ecological knowledge-based
minimum catch sizes for these species were lower than the respective scientific-based minimum catch
sizes, the fishermen agree to adopt the latter sizes. In contrast, for large-sizes species they were reluctant
to raise the minimum size, due to the lower economic value of the larger specimens of these species.
KEYWORDS: Co-management, size, maturity, LEK, small-scale fisheries
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
158
Primera Evaluación de la Megafauna en el Caribe Mexicano:
Indicador Clave de la Recuperación de la Biodiversidad en Refugios Pesqueros
Baseline Evaluation of Megafauna in the Mexican Caribbean:
Key Indicator of the Recovery of Biodiversity in Community Marine Reserves
Première Évaluation de la Mégafaune dans les Caraïbes Mexicains : Indicateurs
de la résilience de la Biodiversité dans les Aires Interdites à la Pêche
SERGIO ALEJANDRO MARCOS CAMACHO
1and START FULTON
2
1Comunidad y Biodiversidad A.C., Carey SM10 MZ24 LT10,
Puerto Morelos, Quintana Roo 77580 Mexico. *[email protected].
RESUMEN
Los tiburones y rayas son los grandes animales marinos de la megafauna que mantienen en equilibrio los
ecosistemas marinos, y son componentes clave en la salud de los ecosistemas marinos y se encuentran en
el ápice de la cadena trófica. La evaluación de sus poblaciones, ligada a una iniciativa para el
establecimiento de zonas de refugio pesquero (áreas de no pesca) en Quintana Roo, es indispensable el
levantamiento de la línea base ya que permite evaluar los cambios que ocurren durante la vida de los
refugios pesqueros. El proyecto pretende determinar la abundancia relativa de la megafauna en Quintana
Roo, reforzar la evaluación de los refugios pesqueros e identificar nuevas áreas prioritarias de
conservaciones identificación de zonas de crianza de tiburones y rayas. Se está implementando un
programa de monitoreo comunitario para determinar abundancia, diversidad, distribución espacio-
temporal de megafauna (tiburones, rayas y tortugas marinas) en los refugios pesqueros y zonas aledañas
de la, Reserva de la Biosfera Sian Ka´an se involucró y se capacitó a 20 pescadores de dos cooperativas
pesqueras en el marcaje-liberación de tiburones y rayas en el muestreo con palangre, transectos acuáticos
y video subacuático con carnada (BRUVs). Se han realizado tres monitoreos, contamos con 45 registros
de transectos acuáticos y 33 videos subacuáticos con carnada. Se cuenta con 173 registros de rayas, 21
registros de tiburones y 39 registros de tortugas marinas y más de 300 individuos de diferentes especies
de peces comerciales. Los datos presentados representan el primer año de una línea base. Sin embargo, el
proyecto contempla un monitoreo continuo y la generación de recomendaciones para la gestión para la
los refugios pesqueros y áreas prioritarias de conservación
PALABRAS CLAVES: Megafauna, refugios pesqueros, conservación
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
159
A Modified Fyke Net for Sampling Juvenile Fish Communities
in Turbid Mangrove Forests
Un Cesto Modificado para el Muestreo de Comunidades de Peces Juveniles en Bosques
Turbios de Manglar
Un Filet Verveux Modifié pour Échantillonner les Poissons Juvéniles
dans les Eaux Turbides des Mangroves
GUY MARLEY
University of the West Indies, PH2 Phase 3 Pommerose Gardens,
Hollow Road, Cascade, Port of Spain, Trinidad and Tobago. [email protected].
ABSTRACT
Mangrove fish studies are often conducted in clear waters with visual survey techniques, or where seines
can be pulled with access to banks and minimal submerged debris, or where drop and pop-up nets can be
set in shallow waters. I present field trials of a modified fyke net for use in flowing mangrove creeks that
are littered with submerged vegetation. The net was extended from a traditional 3 or 4 ft, to 10 ft tall for
use in deep channels, with a ceiling added to minimise escapes. The result was effectively a funnel with
10 ft high, 25 ft long wings, descending into a 3.5 ft high, 5-hoop cod end. The net sampled the entire
water column, which was not previously possible with bottom-set fyke nets, and was equally suitable for
sampling mudflats and fringing mangroves. We developed a rapid and secure system for deploying the
nets in strong currents where leaf litter added drag that could lead to net failure. More than 20,000 fish
were sampled over 18 months, recording 80 species from 29 families. Half of the species had never been
recorded in the Caroni Swamp, Trinidad and Tobago, where only hand lines and cast nets had previously
been attempted. The net still appeared selective for small, highly mobile demersal fishes, but pelagics
and large adults were sampled regularly. The modifications we describe increase reliability, reduce
selectivity, and improve the overall representation of the fish community in the waterways of turbid
mangrove forests that are often ignored due to the difficulty of sampling.
KEYWORDS: Fish, mangrove, nursery, fyke, sampling
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
160
Tamaño Óptimo de Malla para la Captura Artesanal de
Cojinoa Negra Caranx crysos con Redes de Enmalle
Optimal Mesh Size for the Artisanal Capture of Blue Runner Caranx crysos with Gillnets
Grandeur Optimal de L‟ouverture Des Maille du Filet pour la
Capture Artisanal de Carangue Coubali Caranx crysos
CRISTHIAN EDUARDO MARRUGO MARMOLEJO,
JAIRO ALTAMAR, and LUIS ORLANDO DUARTE
Universidad del Magdalena, Laboratorio de Investigaciones Pesqueras Tropica, Carrera 32 #22-08
Carrera 32 #22-08. Santa Marta, Magdalena 470003 Colombia. *[email protected].
RESUMEN
La cojinoa negra es la principal especie íctica desembarcada con redes de enmalle artesanales en el área
norte del mar Caribe de Colombia. A pesar de su alto régimen de explotación no existen medidas de
ordenamiento orientadas la regulación de los artes de pesca que la capturan. A partir de los desembarcos
pesqueros provenientes de diferentes artes de pesca se determinó la relación morfométrica entre la
circunferencia máxima o circunferencia perimetral (Gmax) vs la longitud total (Lt) y la longitud estándar
(Ls), con la cual se estimó el tamaño óptimo de malla a partir de la formula empírica de Baranov. Los
puntos de referencia biológicos utilizados para la estimación fueron L50 y L90-100 (34.5 – 39.3 cm).
Las ecuaciones que determinaron la relación entre Gmax vs Lt y Ls fueron: Gmax = 0.6107 (Lt) + 0.4713
y Gmax = 0.6986 (Ls) + 1.905 (n = 244, R2 = 0.9501 y R
2 = 0.8114). El tamaño de malla optimo estimado
para L50 fue 8.4 cm que comercialmente equivale a 3.5 pulgadas y para el L90-100 9.4 cm que
comercialmente equivale a 4 pulgadas. Actualmente el 86.29% de las redes utilizan tamaños de mallas
inferiores a los estimados, con lo cual capturan 61% de individuos inmaduros. Las pesquerías artesanales
con redes de enmalle son multiespecíficas, por lo tanto se requieren las estimaciones de este tipo de
insumos para las principales especies capturadas. La estimación de un tamaño de malla óptimo que
encuentre un equilibrio entre criterios ecológicos y económicos permitirá la implementación de medidas
de manejo orientadas al control de la selectividad del arte de pesca.
PALABRAS CLAVES: Relaciones morfométricas, red de enmalle, tamaño de malla, Caranx crysos,
mar Caribe de Colombia
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
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Conocimiento del Comportamiento del Pargo Rayado (Lutjanus synagris) como una
Herramienta para Mejorar la Selectividad de Nasas e Implementar Ventanas de Escape
para Disminuir el By-catch y la Pesca Fantasma
Knowledge of Behavior of Lane Snapper (Lutjanus synagris) as a
Tool to Improve the Selectivity of Traps and Implement Escape Windows
to Reduce By-catch and Ghost Fishing
Connaissance du Comporment de Vivaneau Gazou (Lutjanus synagris) comme un Outil
pour Améliorer la Sélectivité de Nasse et D'intégrer des Fenêtres D'échappement pour
Réduire les Captures Accessoires et la Pêche Fantôme
ARLED MARTINEZ*1, JAIRO ALTAMAR
1, and KARIM ERZINI
2
1Universidad del Magdalena, Laboratorio de Investigaciones Pesqueras Tropica,
Carrera 32 #22-08 Santa Marta, Magdalena 470003 Colombia. *[email protected]. 2Universidad do Algarve, 8005-139 Centro de Ciências do Mar – CCMAR, Faro Algarve 8005 Portugal.
RESUMEN
En el Caribe colombiano la pesca artesanal ha venido experimentando cambios en los aspectos
tecnológicos de las artes de pesca, uno de ellos la incorporación de nasas en las faenas de lanchas
pargueras. Tanto el diseño como las medidas del arte se basan en la construcción empírica del
conocimiento, que casi siempre riñe con un enfoque precautorio en el manejo y aprovechamiento de los
recursos pesqueros. A partir del comportamiento de nado del pargo rayado (Lutjanus synagris) y de los
parámetros corporales se diseñó una nasa ecológica. Se llevaron a cabo ensayos de etología con una
cámara de video fija a la nasa para determinar la zona de nado preferente y ubicar el sitio más apropiado
para instalar las ventanas. Información de tallas fue colectada en muestreos a bordo y sitios de
desembarco. Para determinar el tamaño y forma de la ventana de escape se estableció la relación
circunferencia máxima o longitud perimetral (Gmax) vs longitud total (Lt), determinada por una relación
lineal que responde a: Gmax = 0,7116Lt + 0,7063. Gmax a la talla de madurez (L50) se estimó en 17,7
cm, con una altura del cuerpo (Ac) de 7,3 cm. Una nasa fue diseñada con características orientadas a
disminuir el impacto del by-catch y la pesca fantasma. Se instalaron tres pares de ventanas circulares con
diámetro de 7,6 cm igual a 1,05 veces Ac, ubicadas en la parte inferior del lado contrario a la entrada de
la nasa. La puerta para despescar se diseñó con bisagras en el fondo, en ángulo de 30° y amarres en la
parte superior de una fibra vegetal biodegradable, que facilita la apertura de la puerta en caso de pérdida.
PALABRAS CLAVES: Nasa, ventana de escape, pesca fantasma, by-catch, Lutjanus synagris
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
162
Marine Spatial Planning with Marxan Software:
Lessons Learned from Puerto Rico and Spain Case Studies
Planificacion Espacial Marina con Marxan:
Lecciones Aprendidas en los Casos de Estudio de Puerto Rico y España
Planification Spatial Marine avec Marxan:
Leçons Tirées Des Études De Cas À Puerto Rico et Espagne
DANIEL MATEOS*
1,2, DAN DORFMAN
3,4, CHARLES MENZA
3,
and JOSE ANTONIO GARCIA-CHARTON1
1Departamento de Ecología e Hidrología, Universid Campus de Espinardo, 30100 Murcia, Spain.
*[email protected]. 2UBICA s.r.l., Via S. Siro 6/1, I-16124 Genova, Italy
2NOAA – National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science, Center for Coastal Monitoring and Assessment,
Biogeography Branch. 3NOAA Coral Reef Conservation Program, Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, England.
4CSS-Dynamac 10301 Democracy Lane, Suite 300 Fairfax, Virginia 22030 USA.
ABSTRACT
Marine conservation planning is required to direct limited funding resources to where actions are most
urgently needed and most likely to produce effective conservation outcomes. In recent years, an effort to
advance the protection of threatened marine biodiversity has promoted multiple spatial conservation
initiatives of stakeholders, ecologists or policy makers; however the lack of proficient spatial
conservation tools has complicated the success of these efforts. Decision-support tools, such as Marxan,
have been developed along with conservation planning to increase the efficiency of newly developed
management areas. Decision support tools are used to achieve more realistic protection goals while
overcoming the difficulty of obtaining efficient networks of management areas that represent a suite of
biological targets for a minimal socioeconomic "cost". Here, we include the lessons learned with Marxan
as a tool for multi-objective planning (MPAs area extension, identification of ecologically important
areas) and similitudes/ differences in marine spatial planning process in ecologically different areas
(Puerto Rico and Spain). The missing links of land-based sources of pollution, runoff impact and the
inclusion of cumulative human impact in coastal spatial planning are discussed with the case studies.
Also both technical and good-practice considerations (e.g., target setting, socio-economic inclusion or
the essential stakeholder input) from these two case studies are discussed to solve common and unusual
systematic conservation and marine spatial planning problems.
KEYWORDS: Conservation planning, Marxan, targets, multi-objective planning, MPAs
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
163
Marxan as a Key Conservation Tool to Support the Management Plan
of the New Puerto Rico Marine Corridor of the Northeast
Marxan como Herramienta Clave para Apoyar el Plan de Manejo
del Nuevo Corredor Marino del Noreste en Puerto Rico
Marxan: Un Outil Clé pour Porter le Plan de Gestion
du Nouveau Corridor Marin du Nordes au Puerto Cico
DANIEL MATEOS-MOLINA*
1,2, DAN DORFMAN
3,4, CHRISTOPHER F.G. JEFFREY
3,4,
CHARLES MENZA3, SIMON J. PITTMAN
3, ANTARES RAMOS-ALVAREZ
5,6,
and ANGELA ORTHMEYER3 , and GUSTAV KAGESTEN
3
1Departamento de Ecología e Hidrología, Universidad de Murcia,
Campus de Espinardo, 30100 Murcia, Spain. *[email protected]. 2UBICA s.r.l., Via S. Siro 6/1, I-16124 Genova, Italy.
3NOAA – National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science,
Center for Coastal Monitoring and Assessment, Biogeography Branch. 4CSS-Dynamac, 10301 Democracy Lane, Suite 300 Fairfax, Virginia 22030 USA.
5NOAA – Coral Reef Conservation Program, Puerto Rico.
6Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford, England.
ABSTRACT
Marxan is the most widely used software in conservation planning around the world providing spatially
explicit decision support for a range of conservation planning problems. This systematic conservation
approach provides objective, transparent and repeatable results that allow spatial visualizations of areas
being considered conservation and facilitates the negotiation process with stakeholders. This case study
describes the process followed to identify major biodiversity hotspots and define a network of marine
priorities areas in order to minimize the main threats affecting the new Puerto Rico Marine Corridor of
the Northeast. Our conservation objectives included the representation of endangered and vulnerable
species and habitats. Data collected in the area from different regional and federal agencies and
academic institutions was incorporated and analyzed following expert-defined criteria. In order to
achieve feasible and efficient conservation outcomes, a detailed analysis of multiple threats and stressors
was also incorporated. Scenarios were mapped showing networks of priority areas and biodiversity
hotspots based on a range of different conservation targets. These scenarios will guide resource
managers tasked with developing an integrated management plan for the Marine Corridor of The
Northeast.
KEYWORDS: Marxan, conservation planning, biodiversity hotspot, threats, stressors
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
164
Portrait of the Queen Conch (Lobatus gigas) Fishery in Puerto Rico During 1998 - 2013
Semblanza de la Pesquería de Carrucho (Lobatus gigas) en Puerto Rico Durante 1998-
2013
Portrait de la Pêche au Lambi ( Lobatus gigas) à Porto Rico au Cours de 1998 - 2013
DANIEL MATOS-CARABALLO
1, MARTHA RICAURTE-CHICA
2, JESÚS LEÓN
3,
LUIS A. RIVERA-PADILLA3, LUCÍA T. VARGAS
3, MYKOL SOTO
3, WILSON G. SANTIAGO
3
1Fisheries Research Laboratory – PRDNER, P.O. Box 3665, Mayaguez, Puerto Rico 00681 USA.
*[email protected]. 2Department of Marine Sciences, University of Puerto Rico, 321 Pirineo Street,
Miradero Hills, Mayaguez, Puerto Rico 00681-9000 USA. 3Commercial Fisheries Statistics Program, PRDNER, Mayaguez, Puerto Rico 00681 USA.
ABSTRACT
The queen conch (Lobatus gigas) has been a very important fishery in Puerto Rico since 1980\'s. Since
the middle of 1980s the SCUBA divers fishers shown an increase in their number of active fishers and
pounds landed. Currently they are most of the full time commercial fishers. The SCUBA divers primary
target is the queen conch and lobsters, thus both species have been in the top five landed in Puerto Rico
since 1988. The Puerto Rico Department of Natural and Environmental Resources (DNER) has the
responsibility of manage the fisheries resources in the Island. The DNER Commercial Fisheries
Statistics Program has been collected landings, biostatistical and census data from commercial fisheries
since 1968. During 1998 - 2013, an average of 201,325 pounds/year was reported in Puerto Rico by
commercial fishers. The wholesale price represented an average of $681,173 yearly. The retail sales of
queen conch would be estimated in an average of $2 millions/year. The fishing pressure resulted in an
overfishing resource. The DNER and NOAA fisheries established fishing measures to avoid the collapse
of the fishery. Closed season was established for all Puerto Rico in 1996. Later since 2005, NOAA
Fisheries established a total closure of queen conch on the USA Exclusive Economic Zone around the
Island. Currently the fishery of queen conch is limited at the Puerto Rico's territorial waters. This paper
will show the landings (pounds), effort, price and marketing of queen conch during 1998 - 2013.
KEYWORDS: Puerto Rico, queen conch, commercial landings, management, socioeconomics
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
165
Portrait of the Spiny Lobster (Panulirus argus) Fishery in Puerto Rico During 1998-2013
Semblanza de la Pesquería de Langosta Espinosa (Panulirus argus)
en Puerto Rico Durante 1998-2013
Portrait de la Pêcherie de Langouste (Panulirus argus)
à Porto Rico au Cours de 1998 à 2013
DANIEL MATOS-CARABALLO
1, MARTHA RICAURTE-CHICO
2,
LUIS A. RIVERA-PADILLA1, and JESÚS LEON
1
1Fisheries Research Laboratory – PRDNER, P.O. Box 3665, Mayaguez, Puerto Rico 00681 USA.
*[email protected]. 2Department of Marine Sciences, University of Puerto Rico, 321 Pirineo Street,
Miradero Hills, Mayaguez, Puerto Rico 00681 USA.
ABSTRACT
The spiny lobster (Panulirus argus) has been a very important fishery in Puerto Rico since 1970s.
However, during the 1950 and early 1960s this species was used as bait in the fish traps. In Puerto rico
the spiny lobster has been caugh mostly by fish trap, trammel net and SCUBA divers. Currently most of
the full time commercial fishers in Puerto Rico are SCUBA divers. Their primary target is the queen
conch and lobsters, thus both species have been in the top five landed in Puerto Rico since 1988.
The Puerto Rico‟s Department of Natural and Environmental Resources (DNER) has the responsibility
of manage the fisheries resources in the Island. The DNER Commercial Fisheries Statistics Program
(CFSP) has been collected landings, biostatistical and census data from commercial fisheries since 1968.
During 1998 - 2013, an average of 217,441 pounds/year of spiny lobster was reported in Puerto Rico by
commercial fishers. The wholesale price represented an average of $1.28 million/yearly. The retail
sales of spiny lobster would be estimated in an average of $3.9 million/yearly. The fishing pressure
resulted in an overfishing resource. The DNER and NOAA fisheries established fishing measures to
avoid the collapse of the fishery. Since 1985, was established a minimum legal size of 3.5 imches
carapace length. This paper will show the landings (pounds), effort, price and marketing of spiny lobster
during 1998 - 2013.
KEYWORDS: Puerto Rico, spiny lobster, commercial landings, management, socioeconomic
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
166
Challenging Collective Action
Acción Colectiva Desafiante
Action Collective Difficile
PATRICK McCONNEY
CERMES – University of the West Indies, Cave Hill Campus, Bridgetown BB11000 Barbados.
ABSTRACT
Collective action is a term used to describe the pursuit of a shared goal by a group of people, typically
under the guidance of an identifiable leader. It usually occurs when the desired goal cannot be reached
by any of the individuals acting alone, so they have little choice but to collaborate. Few fisherfolk use
the term, and not many are able to achieve it, but most believe deeply in it as reflected in the popular
saying among them that “unity is strength”. What then is the challenge? Experience with fisherfolk
formal and informal organising, and leadership, points to several, often linked, challenges. These
challenges are both internal to the fishing industry and generated by external actors. Fundamental is low
capacity for leadership and the propensity to react to crisis rather than be more proactive and prepared.
Capable fisherfolk leaders may also be challenged by the high levels of free-ridership in the industry
(internal) and the undermining of social capital by state agencies (external) such as through individual-
oriented incentives and services. Understanding the factors challenging collective actions offers
information that can be used to design and implement better institutional arrangements for fisheries
governance.
KEYWORDS: Collective, action, fisherfolk, governance, organisation
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
167
How Does Lake Pontchartrain Support a Recreational Fishery for Spotted Seatrout,
Cynoscion nebulosus?
¿Cómo Apoya el Lago Pontchartrain a la Pesquería Recreativa de la Corvina Pinta,
Cynoscion nebulosus?
Comment Le Lac Pontchartrain Prend-Il En Charge La Pêche Récréative A La Truite De
Mer Tachetée, Cynoscion nebulosus?
JACKIE McCOOL* and JAMES COWAN, JR.
1Louisiana State University, Department of Oceanography and Coastal Sciences,
2193 ECE Bldg., Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803 USA. * [email protected].
ABSTRACT
Lake Pontchartrain is a large mesohaline lake covering 1,630 km2 of an ecologically significant estuarine
basin located north of New Orleans in southeast Louisiana. It receives freshwater from the Amite River
and Lake Maurepas in the west, as well as several smaller river systems along the north shore, and then
connects to the Gulf of Mexico in the east via Lake Borgne. Due to such large freshwater inputs, Lake
Pontchartrain persists at low salinity levels, averaging less than 5 ppt throughout the year. Spotted
seatrout, Cynoscion nebulosus, are found all along the northern Gulf of Mexico, often in waterways that
are consistently much higher in salinity. To better understand why Spotted Seatrout also thrive in Lake
Pontchartrain, I have examined fisheries independent nekton and salinity data from the Louisiana
Department of Wildlife and Fisheries in conjunction with telemetry and high resolution water quality
data from Lake Pontchartrain to see if the observed distributions of spotted seatrout in the lake can be
reproduced using the modeling suite Ecopath with Ecosim. Lake Pontchartrain serves as a crucial habitat
for all life stages of several species vital to both recreational and commercial fisheries, one of the more
sustainable being spotted seatrout. With proper understanding and management of the spotted seatrout
within this lake and surrounding estuaries, there is great potential to enhance productivity of the
wetlands and maintain their contribution to the recreational fishery.
KEYWORDS: Fishery, spotted seatrout, Pontchartrain, model
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
168
Status of the Red Lion Fish (Pterois volitans) in the Cayman Islands: Density, Biomass,
Diets, and Size Classes across Six Different Habitats
Estadodel Pez León Rojo (Pterois volitans) en las Islas Caimán: Densidad, Biomasa,
Dietas, y Clases de Tamaño a través de Seis Hábitats Diferentes
Statut Du Poisson-Lion (Pterois volitans) Dans Les Iles Caïmans : Densité, Biomasse,
Régimes Alimentaires Et Classes De Taille A Travers Six Différents Habitats
CROY McCOY1, MICHELA LEVER
2, JOHN TURNER
2, and BRADLEY JOHNSON
1
1Department of Environment, Georgetown KY1-1002 Cayman Islands. *[email protected].
2School of Ocean Sciences, Bangor University, Menai Bridge,
Anglesey Wales, Bangor LL59 5AB United Kingdom
ABSTRACT
The invasive red lionfish (Pterois volitans) was first sighted in the Cayman Islands February 2008.
Lionfish (LF) have been documented to indiscriminately consume large quantities of prey thereby
reducing abundance of various fish species on coral reefs and its associated habitats. 105 sites were
surveyed across the three island archipelago in summer 2014, in which their density, biomass, size, prey
availability and prey consumed (diet) were assessed. In this study, mangroves, sea-grass beds, patch
reefs; shallow terrace reefs, deep terrace reefs and deep walls of the Cayman Islands were surveyed and
compared to previous years. Furthermore, density of LF in areas subjected to culling effort was assessed.
LF density among islands differed, with Little Cayman (LC) having the lowest value (46.89 ± 9.41
ind./ha), followed by Grand Cayman (GC) and Cayman Brac (CB) (54.04 ± 10.01 and 83.88 ± 22.93
ind./ha, respectively). Comparisons between years 2012 and 2014 demonstrated a decreasing trend in LF
density across habitats, whilst recording the presence of LF in mangroves in GC and LC for the first
time. GC had the lowest biomass, followed by LC, with CB showing a value threefold of GC. LF mean
total length for the Cayman Islands was 25.76 ± 0.43 with largest recorded in GC of 36.2 cm. Stomach
content analysis showed that teleost fishes were the preferred food across islands, diet data showed a
significant preference of prey eaten among the three islands; additionally prey availability did not appear
to influence density of LF in any habitat.
KEYWORDS: Lionfish, invasive species, culling, Cayman Islands, coral reefs
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
169
Same Site, Many Species: A Yearlong Study of a Fish Spawning Aggregation Site in Little
Cayman, Cayman Islands, and the Ocean Currents that Precedes Spawning Activity,
Including Night of Spawn for 40 Days Using Lagranian Drifters
Mismo Sitio, Muchas Especies: Estudio de un Año de un Sitio de Agregación
Reproductiva de Peces en Little Caimán, Islas Caimán, y de las Corrientes Oceánicas que
Preceden a la Actividad Reproductiva, Incluyendo la Noche de Desove Durante 40 Días
Utilizando Derivadores Lagranian
Etude D'un An Sur Un Site D'aggrégation De Frai De Nombreuses Espèces A Little
Cayman, Îles Caïmans, Et Les Courants Océaniques Qui Précèdent Les Activités De Frai,
Y Compris La Nuit De Frai Pendant 40 Jours En Utilisant Des Dériveurs Lagranian
CROY McCOY1, JOHN TURNER
2, LAURA RICHARDSON
2, BRICE SEMMENS
3,
GUY HARVEY4, PHIL BUSH
1, and CODY PANTON
1
1Department of Environment, Georgetown, Cayman Islands. *[email protected].
2Bangor University, School of Ocean Sciences, Menai Bridge, Anglesey Wales, United Kingdom.
3Scripps Institute of Oceanography, UC – San Diego,
9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093 USA. 4Guy Harvey Ocean Foundation, 10408 West State Road 8, Suite 104, Davie, Florida 33324 USA.
ABSTRACT
Fish spawning aggregation (FSA) sites are important breeding locations for ecologically and
commercially important reef fish species. In the Cayman Islands, research at these sites has traditionally
been focused on Epinephelus striatus during their winter spawning season. However, there is mounting
evidence that many species use these sites throughout the year for reproduction. This study aimed to
understand the potential larval dispersal patterns at a spawning aggregation site on Little Cayman and
assess its importance as a multi-species FSA throughout the year. We expected that the hydrodynamic
regime at the FSA would lead to local larval retention and that many different species would aggregate
to spawn at this reef site across seasons. We collected multi-species data February 2013 to March 2014
using 30 minute visual surveys on scuba at sunset starting on the night of full moon and continuing for 6
days thereafter. Lagrangian drifters (40 day tracks) were released on the 5th night after full moon or when
we observed spawning of commercially important species. In total, we documented reproductive
activity in 27 fish species at the FSA throughout the study period with gamete release observed in 12 of
those species. Drifters released during observed spawning events showed a mixed pattern with some
grounding in Cayman waters. Our findings suggest that FSAs are essentially year-round “maternity
wards” for reef fish, and are thus critically important in the sustainability of commercially important reef
fish species and marine biodiversity.
KEYWORDS: Fish spawning aggregation, Cayman Islands, multi-species, Lagrangian drfiters
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
170
Conservation of the Costa Rican, South Caribbean Sea:
Balancing a Sustainable Artisanal Trap Fishery with Invasive Lionfish Control
Conservacion de la Vida Marina del Caribe Sur Costarricense:
Utilizando Trapas Artesanales para la Controlar la Invasion del Pez Leon
Costa Rica, La Mer Des Caraïbes Du Sud : Equilibrage De La Pêche Artisanale Durable
Avec Le Contrôle Du Poisson-Lion Envahissant
HECTOR MCDONALD HERRERA SR.*1., HECTOR MCDONALD CHARLES JR.
2, JULIO
UGALDE2, ANDRES HERNANDEZ
1, JACKSON GROSS
2, and CARLOS ESPINOZA**
3
1Asociacion de Pescadores Artesanales del Caribe, Puerto Viejo Talamana Limon, 70403 Costa Rica.
*[email protected]. 2Smith-Root Inc., 14014 NE Salmon Creek Avenue, Vancouver, Washington 98686 USA.
2Trichechus Foundation, Costa Rica. **[email protected].
ABSTRACT
The Costa Rica, Southern Caribbean (CRSC) coastline is a mélange of tropical and marine ecosystems
with varied cultures and indigenous people. These ecosystems – many in marine protected areas –
include poorly studied coastal lagoons, mangroves, tidal flats, coral reefs, and sea grass communities that
are threatened by stressors such as raw sewage, agrochemicals, sedimentation, hydrocarbons and fishing
pressure by artisanal fishing communities. The lionfish (Pterois volitans and miles), an invasive reef
predator was discovered in the CRSC region in 2009. Lionfish invasions can reduce marine biodiversity
and negatively affect coastal economies. The effects of lionfish on the CRSC region are currently
unknown. Local natural resource agencies primarily rely on local knowledge – reinforcing the
importance of local communities in ecosystem conservation. In 2011, the Association of Artisanal
Fishers of South Caribbean was formed to protect the local trap fishery, improve local living conditions,
and establish unified decision-making. This paper will discuss the Association‟s goals and methods to
reduce the population of lionfish and establish a local lionfish export fishery to complement
revenues generated primarily through lobster and red snapper sales, while protecting native fish stocks.
KEYWORDS: Lionfish , artisanal, trap, Costa Rica, Caribbean
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
171
Telemetry Estimates of Site Fidelity and Residency for Gray Triggerfish,
Balistes capriscus, Around Artificial Reefs in the Northern Gulf of Mexico
Estimaciones de Fidelidad de Sitio y Residencia para el Pejepuerco Blanco, Balistes
capriscus, Utilizando Telemetría Alrededor de Arrecifes Artificiales en el Norte del Golfo
de México
Estimations de Télémétrie de Fidélité au Site et Résidence pour Gris Balistes,
Balistes capriscus, Autour des Récifs Artificiels dans le Nord du Golfe du Mexique
MEGAN MCKINZIE*, STEPHEN SZEDLMAYER, and JENNY HERBIG
Auburn University, School of Fisheries, Aquaculture and Aquatic Sciences,
8300 State Highway 104, Fairhope, Alabama 36532 USA. *[email protected].
ABSTRACT
Gray triggerfish, Balistes capriscus, are ecologically and economically important in the northern Gulf of
Mexico, yet little is known on their movement patterns, habitat use and residency to artificial reef
structures. In the present study, we successfully tagged and acoustically tracked gray triggerfish (n = 22)
using the Vemco VR2W Positioning System (VPS). Individual fish were remotely tracked for 8 to 622
days from Oct 2012 through Jul 2015. Gray triggerfish showed diel and seasonal movement patterns,
high site fidelity and long term residency to reef sites. Mean ± SD home range (95% KDE) = 3238 ±
3687 m2and core areas (50% KDE) = 278 ± 331 m
2, and were larger during the day than night time
periods. Fall home range (mean ± sd = 4966 ± 4713 m2) was significantly greater than spring home
range (1950 ± 1587 m2). Tracked individuals remained close to reef structures (mean distance from reef
= 46.3 ± 1.3 m) and residency was estimated at 163 d. Several individuals (n = 8) made large-scale
directed movements to other nearby reef sites. Three fish returned to their release site after emigration
periods of 8 to 200 d. Due to high residency and close proximity to reef structures, gray triggerfish may
be highly susceptible to increased fishing mortality.
KEYWORDS: Movement patterns, home range, habitat use, artificial reefs, VPS
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
172
Composición de Batoideos Capturados con Red Agallera Artesanal
en Bahía de La Paz, Baja California Sur, México
Batoids Composition Caught with Artisanal Gillnet in Bahia
de La Paz, Baja California Sur, Mexico
Composition Des Batoïdes Pris Dans Les Filets Maillants Artisanaux,
à Bahia de La Paz, Baja California Sur, Mexique
PAOLA ANDREA MEJIA*1, MARIA ITZIGUERI BURGOS
2, VICTOR CRUZ
2,
XCHEL PEREZ2, and ANDRES NAVIA
1
1Fundación Colombiana para la Investigación y Conservación de Tiburones y Rayas,
Valle deCauca, Cali, Colombia. *[email protected]. 2CICIMAR – IPN, Ave. Playa Palo de Santa Rira, La Paz BCS 03920 Mexico.
RESUMEN
En este estudio se evaluó la composición de batoideos capturados artesanalmente con red agallera en la
Bahía de la Paz, Baja California Sur, México, entre octubre 2014 y julio 2015. Se han registrado 1676
individuos correspondientes a siete familias (Dasyatidae, Gymuridae, Myliobatidae, Narcinidae, Rajidae,
Rhinobatidae, Urotrygonidae) y a al menos 18 especies. La especie más abundante fue Mobula
munkiana (39,3%), seguida por Dasyatis dipterura (25,1%), Narcine entemedor (13,4%) y Rhinoptera
steindachneri (11,7%). De las demás especies se han registrado menos de 60 individuos, representando
el 10,5% de la captura restante. Excluyendo las especies con menos de 15 individuos, se encontró una
proporción sexual 1H:1M para R. steindachneri, M. munkiana y D. longa, mientras D. dipterura, N.
entemedor y M. longirostris presentaron proporción H:M de 1.5:1, 6.7:1 y 3.7:1, respectivamente; Z.
exasperata presentó proporción a favor de los machos (1:6.9). El 58,2% de los individuos fueron
juveniles, el 35.4% adultos, el 1% neonatos y el 5.41% correspondieron a hembras preñadas. La
mayoría de los individuos (> 68%) de D. dipterura, D. longa, M. munkiana y el 100% de M. japanica,
correspondieron a individuos juveniles, mientras todos los urotrygonidos (excepto U. halleri) y los
individuos de R. velezi correspondieron a adultos. Los neonatos fueron registrados para D. longa, M.
munkiana y R. steindachneri, todos en los meses de verano (julio-agosto), mientras hembras preñadas
fueron encontradas para D. dipterura, M. longirostris, N. entemedor, U. halleri, R. galucostigma, R.
productos, R. steindachneri y Z. exasperata.
PALABRAS CLAVES: Riqueza, rayas, proporción sexual, pesquerias, madurez
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
173
Tiburones y Rayas de las Ecoregiones Marinas de Colombia:
Un Monitoreo Participativo para Manejo y Conservación
Sharks and Rays of the Marine Ecoregions Colombia:
Participatory Monitoring for Management and Conservation
Requins et Batoïdes des Marins Écorégions et Colombie:
Un Suivi Participative pour la Gestion et la Conservation
PAOLA A. MEJÍA-FALLA*
1, ANDRÉS FELIPE NAVIA
1, KRUPSKAYA NARVÁEZ
1,
ALEXANDER TOBÓN-LÓPEZ1, TRISHA FORBES
2, and MARÍA CLAUDIA DIAZGRANADOS
3
1Fundación Colombiana para la Investigación y Conservación de Tiburones y Rayas,
Valle deCauca, Cali, Colombia. *[email protected]. 2Secretaría de Agricultura y Pesca, Archipiélago de San Andrés, Providencia y Santa Catalina, San
Avenida Francisco Newball No. 6-30, Edificio Coral Palace, San Andrés, Providencia, Colombia. 3Conservación Internacional – Colombia,Carrera 13 # 71 – 41, Bogotá, Colombia.
RESUMEN
Se analizó la riqueza y la distribución espacial y temporal de los elasmobranquios asociados al buceo
recreativo en los mares colombianos. Entre 1987 y 2015 se obtuvo un total de 3182 reportes de
avistamiento en ocho ecorregiones marinas del Pacífico y Caribe colombiano, correspondientes a 14
familias y 27 especies. El Caribe mostró mayor posibilidad de encuentros con especies costeras y
bentónicas como Dasyatis americana y Ginglymostoma cirratum, mientras que en el Pacífico dominan
las especies pelágicas como Sphyrna lewini, Triaenodon obesus y Manta birostris. La Ecorregión más
diversa fue Gorgona (Pacífico) con 21 especies, seguida de Tayrona y San Andrés (SAN) en el Caribe
con 10 especies cada una. En el Pacífico, las especies con mayor porcentaje de avistamiento fueron T.
obesus y S. lewini, mientras que para el Caribe lo fueron D. americana y G. cirratum. A partir de 2012,
y a raíz de la pesca de pez león, dicho porcentaje ha llegado casi al 100% en Carcharhinus perezi en la
Isla de Providencia. Análisis temporales mostraron estacionalidad en las especies del Pacífico T. obesus,
Rhincodon typus y S. lewini, mientras en el Caribe, el avistamiento de G. cirratum, D. americana y C.
perezi se presentó en todos los meses del año. El análisis de riqueza por ecorregiones indicó dos grupos,
Caribe y Pacífico, con similitudes altas entre las ecorregiones SAN y Arrecifes rocosos coralinos, y
Malpelo y Pacífico Norte, respectivamente. Los resultados de este estudio indican la importancia de
monitoreos participativos, aportando información útil en acciones de manejo y conservación en las Áreas
Marinas Protegidas existentes, y en propuestas de generación de nuevos sitios de conservación para los
elasmobranquios en Colombia.
PALABRAS CLAVES: Elasmobranquios, buceo recreativo, avistamientos, riqueza, distribución
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
174
The Performance of an Acoustic Monitoring Array in a Louisiana Estuarine System
El Rendimiento de una Matriz de Control Acústico en un Sistema Estuarino de Louisiana
La Performance d'un Réseau de Surveillance Acoustique
dans un Système D'estuaire Louisiane
ASHLEY MELANCON* and JAMES H. COWAN, JR.
Louisiana State University, 2193 ECE Bldg., Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803 USA. *[email protected].
ABSTRACT
Acoustic telemetry is an innovative methodology commonly used to assess seasonal distribution and
movement patterns of aquatic species. While this technology has enhanced the understanding of
behavioral characteristics and spatial ecology of many organisms, failure to understand the performance
of acoustic receivers in dynamic environments may lead to biased conclusions. The performance of an
acoustic monitoring array is measured as the detection efficiency (DE) of receivers within an array and is
primarily a factor of acoustic signal loss influenced by environmental conditions. A primary objective
was to determine the influence of various abiotic and biotic factors on the probability of detection by
conducting a range test over a 1-year period in Lake Pontchartrain, Louisiana. Two fixed delay reference
transmitters were deployed at a fixed distance from a line of five stationary acoustic receivers spaced 0,
500, 700, 900, and 1800 m apart. The mean daily DE decreased with receiver distance, with 99% of
transmissions detected at 0 m, 68% at 500 m, 66% at 700 m, 46% at 900 m and 20% at 1800 m. Further,
multivariate logistic regression showed that all environmental variables modeled, including temperature,
turbidity, salinity, precipitation, and environmental noise, are significant factors in the reduction of DE.
Results also indicate that, controlling for environmental influences, distance from receiver strongly
influences DE, with the likelihood of detection decreasing approximately 1% for every 1 m increase.
Future analyses will use the results above as a covariate in predicting seasonal distribution of
acoustically telemetered spotted seatrout, Cynoscion nebulosus.
KEYWORDS: acoustic telemetry, logistic regression, estuary, reference transmitter, detection efficiency
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
175
Pilot Project to Enhance the Capacity of Ecuador to Use Genetic Identification
Techniques to Assist in Implementation of CITES Shark Listings
Proyecto Piloto para la Incrementar la Capacidad de Ecuador para Utilizar Técnicas de
Identificación Genética como Ayuda en la Aplicación de la Lista CITES para Tiburones
Projet Pilote Pour Améliorer La Capacité De l‟Equateur A Utiliser Des Techniques
D'identification Génétique Pour Aider A La Mise En Œuvre De Listes De Requins CITES
WESSLEY MERTEN1, JIMMY MARTíNEZ-ORTIZ
2, DIEGO CARDEÑOSA
3,
SUSANNA CABALLERO4, JENNY GILES
5, LAURA CIMO
1, and JOHN HYDE
6
1NMFS – Office of International Affairs and Seafood, 1315 East-West Highway,
Silver Spring, Maryland 20910 USA. *[email protected]. 2World Wildlife Fund – Ecuador, Los Almendros, Mz K, villa 18.,
P.O. Box 13-01-8993, Guayaquil, Ecuador. 3School of Marine and Atmospheric Science, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794
USA. 4Laboratorio de Ecología Molecular de Vertebrados Acuáticos, Universidad de los Andes,
Carrera 1 No. 18A-10, Bogotá, Columbia. 5National Academy of Sciences, NWFSC Forensic Laboratory,
2725 Montlake Blvd. E., East Bldg, Seattle, Washington 98112 USA. 6NMFS – Southwest Fisheries Science Center, 8901 La Jolla Shores Dr., La Jolla, California 92037
USA.
ABSTRACT
A collaborative pilot project is underway between NOAA Fisheries, the World Wildlife Fund (WWF),
and the Government of Ecuador to train Ecuadorian officials in genetic techniques to identify sharks
incidentally landed and traded from Ecuador that are included in the Convention on International Trade
in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES) Appendix II. Collectively, 30 government
officials from Ecuador‟s Vice-ministry of Aquaculture and Fisheries and Ministry of Environment have
received training on species-specific genetic identification techniques over the course of two workshops.
The hands-on training has been provided to Ecuador to help increase the country's capacity to monitor
shark products in fisheries and trade and to ensure compliance with requirements under CITES.
Furthermore, these trainings along with the provision of the necessary equipment have laid the
foundation for Ecuador to improve their National Plan of Action for the Conservation and Management
of Sharks by implementing new science and policy objectives to identify shark export subproducts to
species level, insert an additional step in the shark product export process, and provide an important tool
for continuous monitoring of shark landings. Improving the capacity of Ecuador to detect CITES
Appendix II species bound for international markets can greatly aid in trade-monitoring and enforcement
efforts to successfully implement CITES shark listings and serve as a model that can be replicated in the
region to improve the conservation and management of global shark populations
KEYWORDS: CITES, Shark conservation, shark management, species-specific PCR, Ecuador
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
176
Preliminary Assessment of the Fishery and Fish Dynamics Surrounding a Stationary Fish
Aggregating Device (FAD) Array off San Juan, Puerto Rico
Evaluación Preliminar de la Pesquería y Dinámica de Peces que Merodean un arreglo de
Dispositivos Agregadores de Peces Estacionarios (EAD) en San Juan, Puerto Rico
Évaluation Préliminaire De La Dynamique Des Pêches Et Des Poisson Entourant Un
Dispositif De Concentration De Poisson (FAD) Au Large de San Juan, Puerto Rico
WESSLEY MERTEN1, NILDA JIMENEZ
2, and ALFREDO TORRUELLA
3
1Independent Contractor to the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, 1110 Fidler Lane #312,
Silver Spring, Maryland 20910 USA. *[email protected]. 2Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, DNER Fish and Wildlife Bureau,
P.O Box 366147, San Juan, Puerto Rico 00936 USA. 3University of Puerto Rico, Physics Department, Industrial Minillas 170,
Carr. 174, Bayamon, Puerto Rico 00959 USA.
ABSTRACT
In June 2015, four stationary fish aggregating devices (FADs) were deployed (8 - 12 km; 8 km apart) off
the northeast coast of Puerto Rico, in approximately 750 - 1050 m of water, with 4 more pending
deployment. To date, a total of 58 fishing reports from 25 separate fishing vessels have been submitted
via an online survey. Preliminary results indicate a higher catch per unit effort near the FADs than
away, with the most abundant species caught at the FADs being dolphinfish (n = 97; 78.2%); blue marlin
were the second most abundant (n = 10; 8.6%) among a total of 9 species reported. Frequency of FAD
use varied between locations with the most activity reported from FAD D (27.5%) and FAD F (20.6%);
a total of 15 reports have been reported from one vessel fishing off of the northeast and east side of the
island which provides a comparison between FAD and non-FAD fishing effort by region. To assess fish
dynamics relative to the FADs, acoustic and pop-up satellite arrival transmitters and in-water visual
surveys will be conducted from August through November. Understanding fishery and fish dynamics
relative to this stationary FAD array will provide valuable socioeconomic information, fishery effort and
landings, and species-specific fish movements and behavior critical for accurate assessments of the FAD
program‟s impact on the local economy, recreational fisheries, and targeted species.
KEYWORDS: Fish aggregating devices, fishery dynamics, fish ecology, fish economics
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
177
A Survey of Global Ecosystem Based Fishery Management Approaches
Used in Promoting Integrated Coastal Management
Una Encuesta de las Pesquerías Globales con un Enfoque Ecosistémico Parar
la Promoción de Manejo Costero Integrado
Une Enquête Sur Les Approches De La Gestion Ecosystémique Mondiale Des Pêcheries
Pour Promouvoir La Gestion Intégrée Des Zones Côtières
WILLIAM MICHAELS*1, MANOJ SHIVLANI
2, DAVID DIE
3,
DAVID SAMPSON4, and ROBERTO KOENEKE
3
1NOAA – National Marine Fisheries Service, Office of Science & Technology, 1315 East West Hwy.,
SSMC3, F/ST4, Rm 12502 Silver Spring, Maryland 20910 USA. *[email protected]. 2NTVI Communications, 7799 Leesburg Pike, Falls Church, Virginia 22043 USA.
3University of Miami – RSMAS, 4600 Rickenbacker Causeway, Miami, Florida 33149 USA.
4Oregon State University, 2030 Marine Science Drive, Newport, Oregon 97563 USA.
ABSTRACT
An important aspect of integrated coastal management (ICM) is the harmonization of disparate ocean
and coastal uses, including commercial and recreational fisheries. Within the fisheries sector,
management decisions have historically relied on the use of single species based science with policy
decisions separated from other relevant ecological and socioeconomic considerations. In recent years,
there is recognition that policy decisions must consider the benefits for multiple stakeholders with
socioeconomic and ecosystem linkages. Forward looking approaches like ecosystem-based fisheries
management (EBFM) provide an integrated means and consistent decision-making on the use and
sustainability of living marine resources. This study investigates how EBFM is used across the world‟s
coastal areas by using a survey to obtain relevant information from fisheries and marine resource
scientists. Respondents (n = 77) to an Internet-based survey, sent to over 180 experts working in
fisheries systems around the world, provided their expert views on the status and future of EBFM based
on a series of questions related to the importance of EBFM, challenges and benefits of the integrated
approach, status of EBFM in their respective regions, and recommendations for advancing EBFM.
Results indicate the need to address data-limited situations with innovative scientific methods, the
alignment of the efforts of scientists, managers, and stakeholders to achieve consistent governance across
jurisdictions for the sustainability of living marine resources and healthy oceans. The increasing efforts
to incorporate the EBFM principles of ecosystem function and human interactions into ICM require an
iterative framework and consensus building to strengthen governance.
KEYWORDS: Fisheries management, ecosystem based management, management strategy evaluation
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
178
Proyecto Piloto de Restauración de Corales como una Herramienta de Manejo
Coral Restoration Pilot Project as a Management Tool
Coral Projet Pilote de Restauration comme un Outil de Gestion
ANGELA MOJICA*1, ANA GIRÓ
2, and SILJA RAMÍREZ
3
1Independant Researcher, Fundaeco 9 calle 14-06, Apt. 3B, Zona 16, La Montana,
Guatemala City 01016 Guatemala. *[email protected]. 2Healthy Reefs for Healthy People Innitiative, Zona 10, Guatemala City 01010 Guatemala.
3Fundaeco, 25 calle 2-39 Zona 1, Guatemala City 01001 Guatemala.
RESUMEN
La restauración de corales es una técnica de manejo activo que se ha implementado a nivel global con el
fin de apoyar y acelerar la recuperación de las especies constructoras del arrecife en sitios degradados,
así como sus funciones ecosistémicas. Este proyecto piloto es el primer esfuerzo que se realiza en
Guatemala para explorar la viabilidad y el potencial de la restauración in situ en los arrecifes del Caribe,
de los cuales dependen las comunidades costeras. El modelo de implementación propone evaluar
técnicas de restauración prácticas y de bajo costo en los arrecifes de Foundara y Cabo Tres Puntas. A
diferencia de muchos proyectos de restauración en el Caribe, las especies seleccionadas para crear los
viveros pertenecen a la familia Agarididae, una de las principales familias constructoras de los arrecifes
en Guatemala, presentando una alta cobertura, dominancia y adaptación a las características del medio.
El desarrollo del proyecto se basa en un modelo inclusivo, a través del cual las comunidades pesqueras y
los manejadores de las áreas protegidas son integrados y capacitados como integrantes claves y activos
de todo el proceso de restauración, fortaleciendo la sostenibilidad del proyecto a mediano y largo plazo.
La participación directa de los usuarios y los manejadores de los recursos marinos, busca generar
oportunidades de diálogo e intercambio de perspectivas, a través de las cuales se fortalezca la adopción
eficaz de prácticas de manejo innovadoras y un aprovechamiento sostenible de los arrecifes.
KEYWORDS: Coral, restoration, Guatemala, Punta Manabique
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
179
Algunas Especies de Pepinos de Mar (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea)
de Zonas Rocosas Intermareales del Pacífico de Panamá
Some Species of Sea Cucumbers (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea)
of Intertidal Rocky Zones from Pacific Panama
Certaines Espèces de Concombres de Mer (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea)
de Zones Rocheuses Intertidales du Pacifique Panama
LAURA MOLINA*1, KATHERINE ROCA
2, YESURI PINO
2,
GIOMAR BORRERO3, and CARLOS VERGARA-CHEN
2
1Universidad Marítima Internacional de Panamá, Autoridad de los Recursos Acuáticos de Panamá,
Campus de La Boca, Panama, 0843-03561 Panamá. *[email protected]. 2INDICASAT-AIP, Calle Rodolfo Benítez, Edif. 219, Ciudad del Saber, Panama 0843-01103 Panamá.
3Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Panama 0843-03092 Panamá.
RESUMEN
Las costas panameñas sobre el Océano Pacífico comprenden 1,700.6 kilómetros de longitud y dentro de
este extenso litoral existe una elevada variedad de hábitats, entre los cuales destacan las playas con
extensiones rocosas habitadas por diversos invertebrados marinos, incluidos los holoturoideos o pepinos
de mar, sin embargo, los estudios sobre la fauna local son escasos. Con el propósito de conocer la
composición de especies de holoturoideos presentes en las zonas rocosas intermareales del Pacífico
panameño se han llevado a cabo recolecciones en cuatro localidades: Isla Taboga, San Carlos, Pedasí y
Santa Catalina. Los organismos se han recolectado manualmente durante marea baja, se fotografían y se
examinan en vivo. Mediante la observación directa de las espículas y el análisis de secuencias del gen
citocromo oxidasa I (COI) del ADN mitocondrial se realiza la identificación taxonómica. Hasta el
momento se han recolectado 38 organismos correspondientes a dos órdenes, tres familias y 11 especies.
El listado de especies registradas incluye a las siguientes: Holothuria inornata, H. languens, H. imitans,
H. kefersteini, H. arenicola, H. hilla, H. portovallartensis, H. fuscocinerea, H. lubrica, Isostichopus
fuscus, Dendrochirotida sp. 1 (Afrocucumis ovulum). A corto plazo, se espera ampliar la recolección de
muestras y el listado de especies a través de la inclusión de otras localidades de estudio. Con la
información generada se entregará una clave diagnóstica que facilitará la identificación de las especies
recolectadas en futuras evaluaciones ecológicas de las poblaciones de holoturoideos tanto en las costas
del Golfo de Panamá como en las del Golfo de Chiriquí.
PALABRAS CLAVES: Equinodermos , holoturias litorales, taxonomía , morfología, código de barras
de ADN
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
180
Caracterización Espacial y Línea Base de la Ictiofauna del
Nuevo Refugio Pesquero en Akumal, Quintana Roo
Spatially Explicit Characterization of Baseline Fish-communities in a
Newly Declared Fishing Refuge in Akumal, Quintana Roo.
Caracérisation Spatiale et Ligne de Base de L'ictyofaune du
Nouveau Refuge de Pêche D'Akumal, Quintana Roo
ANA LILIA MOLINA HERNÁNDEZ1and JOAQUÍN RODRIGO GARZA PÉREZ
2
1Posgrado en Ciencias del Mar y Limnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México,
Circuito Exterior S/N. Ciudad Universitaria, Delegación Coyoacán Distrito Federal, 04510 México.
*[email protected]. 2PIESACOM, UMDI – Sisal, F. CienciasUniversidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Puerto de Abrigo
S/N Sisal, Yucatán 97355 México.
RESUMEN
Akumal, es uno de los arrecifes mejor desarrollados del Caribe mexicano, aunque su actual estado de
condición es crítico, (6.7% decobertura coralina, 35.6% de cobertura de macro-algas). Además el Centro
Ecológico Akumal (CEA) reportó en 2013 una disminución del 50% de la biomasa de peces de interés
comercial desde 1970 y en 2014 una disminución de la densidad de peces del 60%. En abril de 2015, la
Sociedad Cooperativa de Producción Pesquera Pescadores de Tulum (SCPPPT), el CEA y la alianza
Kanan Kay gestionaron y lograron el decreto de una Zona de Refugio Pesquero Parcial Temporal por
seis añosde 988 ha con el objetivo de establecer una herramienta legal complementaria a la conservación
e incrementar la abundancia y biomasa de peces, particularmente de especies económicamente
importantes. Como apoyo a la toma de decisiones para el manejo integral se caracterizó la comunidad de
peces arrecifales del área y zonas aledañas del refugio. Se registraron 120 especies agrupadas en 38
familias, siendo Scaridae (1492 g/100 m2), Acanthuridae (733 g/100 m
2) y Haemulidae (702 g/100 m
2)
las de mayor biomasa. Así mismo, el grupo de herbívoros-detritívoros (2923.5 g/100 m2) y carnívoros
generalistas (1265.4 g/100 m2) registraron las mayores biomasas. Adicionalmente se generaron bases de
datos geo-relacionados y mapas de predicción espacial de biomasa de peces de interés comercial y de
grupos funcionales por dieta, que muestran claros patrones de distribución para ciertos grupos
funcionales y especies de interés. Los mapas abarcan la Zona del Refugio Pesquero y área colindante con
imágenes de satélite de alta resolución espacial WorldView-2 integrados en un Sistema de Información
Geográfica transferido al CEA para su aprovechamiento.
PALABRAS CLAVES: Biomasa de peces, grupos funcionales, SIG, arrecifes coralinos, apoyo a la toma
de desiciones
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
181
Expansion of Lionfish Invasion in Costa Rica:
A Threat Looming Over Eastern Pacific Waters?
Expansión del Invasor Pez Leon en Costa Rica:
Una Amenaza sobre las Aguas del Pacífico Oriental?
Expansion De L'invasion De Poisson-Lion Au Costa Rica : Une Menace Qui Pèse Sur Les
Eaux Du Pacifique Oriental ?
HELENA MOLINA-UREÑA
Escuela de Biología, Universidad de Costa Rica, San José 11501-2060 Costa Rica.
ABSTRACT
The first sighting of lionfish (Pterois volitans) in Costa Rican Caribbean reefs (April 2009), prompted
immediate responses from academia, government, and local communities. Since then, local scientists
have warned decision makers about potential expansions into the Eastern Pacific waters. Large-scale
predictive cellular automaton models suggest that an invasion to this region would not be as successful
as in the Western Atlantic. However, the academia has advised the National Commission on Lionfish
Control to develop preventive and adaptive action plans, given several vulnerabilities, such as: 1) up to
97% of Costa Rican fisheries production comes from its Pacific coast; 2) lionfish ornamental value
remains as high as ever, despite restrictions on import and transport of live specimens; 3) “New
Panamax” canal lock design may allow longer residence and acclimation times; 4) impending
construction of the Nicaragua Canal will open a new pathway for the crossover; 5) tolerance to low
salinity by lionfish subadults may facilitate their survival in coastal and brackish waters; 6) frequency
and intensity of enhanced swell, surge, and wave action arising from Antarctic storms have increased on
Pacific nearshore waters; 7) rocky reef networks along Costa Rican shorelines may provide stepping
stones for colonization; 8) regional decision-makers‟ lack of awareness and management strategies and
plans. Furthermore, the convenience of controlling and extracting lionfish specimens from no-take
marine reserves is still under great controversy among state agencies. Under this scenario, an update on
the state of knowledge and actions taken is provided.
KEYWORDS: Invasive species, Pterois volitans, governance, Tropical Eastern Pacific, Central America
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
182
Lionfish Management in Costa Rica: Evolution of its Governance
Manejo del Pez León en Costa Rica: Evolución de su Gobernanza
Gestion du Poisson Lion au Costa Rica: Évolution de sa Gouvernance
HELENA MOLINA-UREÑA
Escuela de Biología, Universidad de Costa Rica, San José 11501-2060 Costa Rica.
ABSTRACT
The first sighting of lionfish (Pterois volitans) in Costa Rican Caribbean reefs (April 2009), prompted
immediate responses from academia, government, and local communities. Since 2009, five stages of
management have been applied. The first effort, led by the National System of Conservation Areas
(SINAC) of the Environment Ministry (MINAE), established an Inter-institutional Task Force, which
was based on local decision-making by resource managers; there was technical support by academia,
but little to none active collaboration from local communities. The second moment was a 2-year hiatus in
decision-making and action-taking, with no SINAC staff in charge of local efforts and data collection.
Simultaneously, fishing communities started formalizing their standing as an organization, until the
South Caribbean Artisanal Fishers‟ Association (APACS) was created in August 2011. During the third
stage (2013 – August 2015), the Viceministry of Waters and Seas reactivated the task force, as a
National Commission on Lionfish Control (NCLC), a multi-sectorial entity overviewing control,
research, and impact mitigation. National and regional strategic plans were developed. Currently,
control efforts are led by APACS, supported by NGO funding. An ongoing fourth step expands initiative
towards international cooperation, preparations for a potential expansion threatening Central American
Pacific waters, with preventive and early-response management Plan for the Pacific coast. Fifth stage:
starting September 2015, NCLC will be legally formalized and its leadership returned to SINAC. The
three latter phases were possible by the local communities‟ strong drive and improved means of
intersectoral communication.
KEYWORDS: Invasive species, Pterois volitans, reef ecosystems, co-management, Central America
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
183
Estudio Comparativo del Lambí (Lobatus gigas) en Concheros Prehispánicos y Recientes
en Isla Beata y La lomunidad de Trudillé, Parque Nacional Jaragua,
Provincia Pedernales, República Dominicana
Comparative Study of Queen Conch (Lobatus gigas) in Ancient and Recent Shell Middens
in Trudillé Community and Beata Island in National Park Jaragua,
Pedernales Province, Dominican Republic
Etude Comparative De Lambis (Lobatus gigas) Entre Les Anciens Et Les Récents Amas
De Coquillages Dans La Communauté Trudillé Et L'île Beata Dans Le Parc National De
Jaragua, Province De Pedernales, République Dominicaine
ENMANUEL ANTONIO MONTERO FORTUNATO
Consejo Dominicano de Pesca y Acuicultura (CODOP), c/ Los Pioneros #13, Engombe, Herrera,
Santo Domingo Oeste, República Dominicana. *[email protected].
RESUMEN
Se localizaron y caracterizaron los concheros de lambí del Parque Nacional Jaragua, en las localidades
de Trudillé e isla Beata utilizando la clasificación morfológica propuesta por Dupont (2006). Se
procesaron 600 muestras de conchas en total, 200 especímenes por depósito, distribuidas en tres
concheros, dos prehispánico y uno reciente. A todas las muestras que poseyeron labio exterior les fue
medido su grosor (Gl) para determinar su estado de madurez sexual, se midió también la longitud de
concha (Lc) o total, la longitud del labio (Ll) y el ancho (A) de las piezas. La media del tamaño de las
conchas se comparó con la talla mínima de captura. Se estimó la relación entre las diferentes variables
morfométricas utilizando la r de Pearson, enfatizando la relación entre la longitud de concha y el grosor
del labio con especímenes dentro y fuera de la talla mínima de captura. Se determinó que la longitud de
concha y grosor de labio no guardan una correlación significativa. El mayor número de organismos
juveniles y sub adultos se localizaron en el conchero contemporáneo
PALABRAS CLAVES: Lobatus gigas, conchero, prehispanico, grosor de labio, longitud de concha
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
184
The Realities of the Pelagic Sargassum Influx and
Biodiversity Conservation in Grenada, West Indies
Las Realidades de la Afluencia de Sargazo Pelágico y la Conservación
de la Biodiversidad en Granada, Indias Occidentales
Les Afflux De Sargasses Pélagiques Et Conservation De La Biodiversité A Grenade,
Antilles
CLARE MORRALL*1, KATE CHARLES
2, KESTER CHARLES
2, and EMMA DOYLE
3
1St. George's University, P.O. Box 7, St. George's, Grenada. *[email protected].
2Ocean Spirits Inc., P.O. Box 1373, St. George's, Grenada.
3Gulf and Caribbean Fisheries Institute, 6510 Carrizo Falls Court, Houston, Texas 77041 USA.
ABSTRACT
The influx of pelagic sargassum to the Caribbean in 2014 - 2015 has presented a host of challenges to
island nations. It has raised many questions which were often directed towards local academic
institutions. This presentation will examine challenges that were faced by the island nation of Grenada
and the many, varied questions that were directed towards local academics in connection with
sargassum. We will summarize biodiversity impacts experienced locally and the associated coastal
management needs that arose, especially in relation to endangered biodiversity. We set this against a
backdrop of stakeholder participation in coastal management, the critical importance of the fisheries for
local livelihoods, and a long track record of biodiversity monitoring in Grenada. For example, mainland
Grenada hosts a critical population of nesting leatherback sea turtles, the third largest nesting site in the
Caribbean. Grenada has more than 10 years of monitoring data from our index nesting beach and
preliminary 2015 results show that up to 80% of nests on the south side of the index beach were lost due
to impacts of sargassum and beach erosion. We will describe management actions taken by NGOs
together with a number of government ministries including practical measures to reduce mortality, and
outreach/education about sargassum and at the same time to raise awareness of the importance and value
of Grenada‟s marine resources. We will share lessons learned about responding to questions raised by
the sargassum influx that will be useful for other Caribbean nations facing this emerging regional issue.
KEYWORDS: Sargassum, biodiversity, fisheries impacts, ecosystems, sea turtles
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
185
Reproductive Dynamics of the Invasive Lionfishes
Pterois miles and P. volitans in the Western Atlantic
Dinámica Reproductiva de los Peces León Invasores
Pterois miles y P. volitans en el Atlántico Occidental
Reproduction Dynamique Des Poissons Invasifs Pterois miles Et P. volitans Dans
l'Atlantique Ouest
JAMES A. MORRIS, JR.
NOAA – National Ocean Service, 101 Pivers Island Road,
Beaufort, North Carolina 28516 USA. *[email protected].
ABSTRACT
The Indo-Pacific lionfishes, Pterois miles and P. volitans, are now established along the Southeast U.S.
and parts of the Caribbean.. The reproductive mechanisms underlying this unprecedented invasion are
largely unknown. For this reason, the characteristics of lionfish reproduction, including size at maturity,
spawning seasonality, batch frequency, and fecundity were estimated from lionfish collected from the
temperate (the Carolinas U.S.A.) and tropical (Bahamas) regions of their new Atlantic range. Fifty
percent of male lionfish were sexually mature at ~ 100 mm total length (TL), while 50% of female
lionfish were mature at ~180 mm TL. Lionfish spawn throughout the year with peak spawning during
summer. Estimates of lionfish batch frequency were 3.6 d for North Carolina and 4.1 d for the Bahamas.
Fecundity estimates confirmed that lionfish are capable of releasing over two million eggs per year. This
work provides the first comprehensive assessment of reproductive parameters of the pteroines and
valuable insight into the reproductive potential of invasive lionfish.
KEYWORDS: Lionfish, reproduction, fecundity, size at maturigy, spawning seasonality
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
186
Feeding Ecology of Invasive Lionfish (Pterois volitans/miles) in the Cozumel Marine Park
Ecología Alimenticia de los Peces León Invasores
(Pterois volitans/millas) en el Parque Marino de Cozumel
L'écologie Alimentaire des Poissons-lions Invasive
(Pterois volitans/miles) dans le Parc Marin de Cozumel
JASON MOSTOWY1,2
, ABELARDO BITO BERMUDEZ3, CRISTOPHER ARTURO GONZALEZ
3,
JAMES A. MORRIS, JR.2, NALLELY HERNANDEZ PALACIOS
3, JONATHAN PEAKE
1,2,
AND ALEX K. BOGDANOFF2,4
1The University of Miami – RSMAS, 4600 Rickenbacker Causeway,
Miami, Florida 33149 USA. *[email protected]. 2NOAA – National Ocean Service, 101 Pivers Island Road, Beaufort, North Carolina 28516 USA.
3Comision Nacional de Areas Naturales Protegidas, Cancún, Benito Juárez, Quintana Roo, Mexico.
4 North Carolina State University, Department of Applied Ecology, 123 David Clark Labs,
Raleigh, North Carolina 27695 USA.
ABSTRACT
Invasive lionfish were collected (n = 323) from the Cozumel Marine Park and their stomach contents
were analyzed to the lowest possible taxa. The contributions of prey groups to the total weight and the
total number of prey items, and their frequency of occurrence were calculated. The importance of prey
groups was calculated using the indices of Relative Importance, Importance, and Preponderance. In
some aspects, our findings are similar to other studies. Fifteen fish families and four invertebrate families
were identified, several of which are ecologically and/or commercially important. Teleost fish comprised
the majority of the diet by all metrics, followed by crustaceans. Small-bodied demersal fish were the
most important prey. Several novel findings did emerge, however. Crabs were found in over a quarter of
all stomachs, and accounted for the second largest percentage of the overall prey weight. Parrotfish were
the most numerous and frequent prey family, and all indices identified parrotfish as the most important.
Five fish families (Carangidae, Lutjanidae, Mullidae, Sparidae, and Synodontidae) that have not been
recorded in lionfish from the Mexican Caribbean, and one fish family (Pomacanthidae) that has not been
recorded in lionfish diet from the invaded range were identified in this study. Furthermore, several
families which have been found to be highly important to lionfish in the Mexican Caribbean (Gobiidae
and Apogonidae) were nearly or wholly absent from this study. This study provides further evidence of
the breadth of lionfish diet and the potential for significant ecological impacts, and suggests dietary
differences across spatial gradients.
KEYWORDS: Dietary differences, Cozumel, stomach contents
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
187
The Use of Acoustic Sampling to Estimate the Red Snapper,
Lutjanus campechanus, Populations in the Northern Gulf of Mexico
Uso de Muestreo Acústico para Estimar las Poblaciones del Pargo Rojo,
Lutjanus campechanus, en el Norte del Golfo de México
L'utilisation de L'échantillonnage Acoustique pour Estimer le Vivaneau Rouge,
Lutjanus campechanus, les Populations du Nord du Golfe du Mexique
PETER MUDRAK* and STEPHEN SZEDLMAYER
Auburn University, 8300 Highway 104, Fairhope, Alabama 36532 USA. *[email protected].
ABSTRACT
One of the largest artificial reef programs in the world exists in the northern Gulf of Mexico. Red
snapper, Lutjanus campechanus, are one of the dominant species from this system, and extremely
important to both commercial and sport fisheries. This fishery has been subject to strict regulations in
recent years, and an empirical population estimate will help validate population models that are used in
management. The present study examined mid-shelf waters between the 18 m and 40 m depth contours
off coastal Alabama, USA. This area is 4,530 km2 and is characterized by sand and mud substrates with
little natural reef habitat. Within this area there were 925 artificial reefs deployed by the state, but
unknown additional numbers of artificial reefs deployed by private individuals. We used side-scan sonar
transects (n = 42), covering an area of 244 km2, to estimate the abundance of these unknown artificial
reefs. We also applied hydroacoustic methods to estimate red snapper abundance on individual reefs (n =
53). Hydroacoustic surveys included four transect scans across each reef from different directions, while
species compositions on each reef were based on SCUBA diver visual surveys. We estimated 6,548 ±
2,508 privately deployed artificial reefs within the study area. Preliminary results from the hydroacoustic
surveys showed a mean ± SD = 356 ± 296 red snapper per reef that were > 15 cm total length. This mean
combined with the estimate of reef number, provides a total population estimate of 2,660,388 red
snapper within the study area.
KEYWORDS: Red snapper, hydroacoustic, side-scan sonar, artificial reef
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
188
Planning Maritime Space: Implementation of Maritime Spatial Planning European
Directive (2014/89/Eu) in the Adriatic Ionian Region
La Planificación del Espacio Marítimo: Implementando las directrices Europeas (2014/89
/Eu) sobre Ordenamiento Espacial Marino en la Region Adriatico-Jonica
Planification de L'espace Maritime: Mise en Œuvre de la Directive Européenne (2014/89 /
Ue) sur L'aménagement du Territoire Maritime dans la Région Adriatique-Ionienne
FRANCESCO MUSCO*, ELENA GISSI, FEDERICA APPIOTTI, IRENE BIANCHI,
DENIS MARAGNO, and ALBERTO INNOCENTI
Iuav University of Venice, Department of Design and Planning in Complex Environments,
S.Croce 1957, Venice 30135 Italy. *[email protected].
ABSTRACT
Over the last decade, in response to the increasing demand for maritime spaces and resources (UNESCO
2012), a growing attention has been paid to Maritime Spatial Planning, identified as a viable tool for
promoting a rational allocation of maritime uses and for balancing the demand for economic
development of maritime activities with the need to preserve the integrity marine ecosystems (Ehler &
Douvere, 2009). Even if spatial planning is not a formal EU competence, the European legislator has
established the need to develop a common approach to maritime spatial management across all Member
States (COM(2007) 575; COM(2008)791 final). In particular, with the entering in force of the new
Directive on MSP (2014/89/EU) to be ratified within 2016, all Member States will have to identify
competent authorities and to develop trans-boundary maritime spatial management plans within 2021.
As an example, the case of the ADRIPLAN Project (ADRIPLAN.eu) will be discussed. This project,
supported by the European Commission DG Mare - is setting the first example of maritime spatial plan
for the entire Adriatic-Ionian Macroregion (AIR), involving 6 countries in the basin (Italy, Slovenia,
Croatia, Montenegro, Albania, Greece). It is testing a trans-boundary MSP example for the AIR and for
two focus areas starting from a “realistic scenario at 2020” and proceeding with the definition of an
actions portfolio compatible with EU programs 2014-2020, local land and coastal planning, regulative
and legal systems. The trans-boundary planning “test” for AIR will terminate by October 2015.
KEYWORDS: Maritime spatial planning, mediterranean, land-sea interaction, adriatic and ionian sea,
trans-boundary
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
189
The Role of Fisherfolk in Marine Resource Monitoring and Conservation:
The Case of Punta Allen, Mexico
El Papel de los Pescadores en el Monitoreo y Conservación de los Recursos Marinos:
El Caso de Punta Allen, México
Le Rôle Des Pêcheurs Dans Le Monitoring Et La Conservation Des Ressources Marines:
Le Cas De Punta Allen, Mexique
MAGDIEL NAAL KUMUL
1, JACOBO CAAMAL
2, and STUART FULTON*
2
1S.C.P.P Pescadores de Vigía Chico, Javier Rojo Gomez, Punta Allen,
Tulum, Quintana Roo 77580 México. * [email protected]. 2Comunidad y Biodiversidad A.C., Calle Carey, Puerto Morelos, Quintana Roo 77580 México.
ABSTRACT
Healthy fish stocks allow fishers to make long term planning decisions and focus on sustainability. The
fishing community of Punta Allen, Sian Ka´an Biosphere Reserve, Mexico has developed a sustainable
fishing strategy that has allowed the members of the fishing cooperative to diversify activities and reduce
their impact on the marine environment. The Marine Stewardship Council certified lobster fishery has
provided fishers with the financial sustainability to reduce pressure on fish stocks, and the area´s natural
beauty has allowed eco-tourism to provide an alternative source of income. The fishing cooperative
recognises the importance of healthy fish stocks both to the ecosystem and tourism with many fishers
moving between the two activities. Fishers also actively monitor their marine resources, most recently
verifying the presence of two Nassau Grouper spawning sites in their fishing grounds. The forward
thinking cooperative understands the importance of these sites and efforts are underway within the
community to assure their long-term protection.
KEYWORDS: Sustainable fisheries, Mexico, monitoring, citizen science
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
190
Movimientos de Dasyatis americana en la Isla de San Andrés, Caribe Colombiano
Movements of Dasyatis americana in San Andres Island, Colombian Caribbean
Mouvements de Dasyatis americana Île de San Andres, Caraïbes Colombiennes
ANDRÉS FELIPE NAVIA1, PAOLA A. MEJÍA-FALLA
1, JOSE G. PÉREZ-ROJAS
1,
OSCAR SOSA-NISHIZAKI2, CARLOS POLO
3 , and NACOR BOLAÑOS
4
1Fundación Colombiana para la Investigación y Conservación de Tiburones y Rayas,
SQUALUS, Cali, Valle del Cauca, Colombia. 2Centro de Investigaciones Científicas y de Educación Superior de Ensenada, CICESE,
Carretera Ensenada-Tijuana No. 3918, Zona Playitas, C.P. 22860, Ensenada, B.C. Mexico. 3Autoridad Nacional de Acuicultura y Pesca, Avenida Francisco Newball No. 6-30,
Edificio Coral Palace, San Andrés Isla, Colombia. 4Corporación para el Desarrollo Sostenible del Archipiélago de San Andrés, Providencia y Santa
Catalina – CORALINA, Km 26 via San Luis, San Andres Island, Colombia.
RESUMEN
Con el fin de conocer los movimientos de individuos de Dasyatis americana alrededor de la zona de
avistamiento y manipulación conocida como “El Acuario”, en la Isla de San Andrés, Caribe colombiano,
se instalaron 6 receptores acústicos VR2W y se marcaron 14 individuos (13 hembras y 1 macho) con
marcas acústicas V13, entre noviembre 2013 y junio 2015. Se obtuvo un total de 473.436 detecciones.
Los movimientos de todas las hembras fueron similares, sugiriendo un comportamiento grupal. La
mayoría de las detecciones (70%) se obtuvieron de El Acuario y sus inmediaciones, zona donde las
hembras se registraron principalmente entre las 6am y las 6pm. En las mañanas (6am-12m) frecuentaron
las zonas cercanas a los manglares y el canal de navegación, mientras que en las noches y madrugadas
(6pm-6am) se desplazaron hacia el arrecife. El macho presentó un comportamiento similar al de las
hembras; sin embargo, su presencia en la zona de manglares fue muy baja e incluso nula en uno de los
receptores de esta zona; así mismo, el número de detecciones nocturnas fue baja en comparación con la
de las hembras, pero de igual forma se presentaron principalmente hacia la zona del arrecife. El alto
número de detecciones de cada individuo en los diferentes receptores sugiere que este grupo poblacional
es residente en esta zona de la Isla; sin embargo, este comportamiento puede ser condicionado por la
actividad de alimentación que se genera en esta zona. De la misma forma, se requiere evaluar el tiempo
de permanencia en cada una de las áreas aledañas a El Acuario, con miras a definir el uso que hacen de
las mismas.
PALABRAS CLAVES: Stingray, uso de hábitat, telemetría acústica, Seaflower
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
191
Description of Mutton Snapper (Lutjanus analis) Spawning
and Movement in the US Virgin Islands
Descripción del Desove y Movimientos del Pargo Criollo (Lutjanus analis)
en las Islas Vírgenes de los EE.UU
Description de la Viande de Vivaneau sorbe (Lutjanus analis) Frai
et leur Mouvement dans les Îles Vierges Américaines
RICK NEMETH*, BARBARA KOJIS, ASHLEY RUFFO,
CHRIS BIGGS, and ELIZABETH KADISON
University of the Virgin Islands, Center for Marine and Environmental Studies, 2 John Brewer's Bay,
St. Thomas 00802-9990 US Virgin Islands. *[email protected].
ABSTRACT
Mutton snapper (Lutjanus analis) is a very important commercial and recreational species throughout the
Caribbean including Puerto Rico and the U.S. Virgin Islands. Mutton snapper form fish spawning
aggregations (FSA) that are vulnerable to recreational and commercial fishing during the spawning
season. L. analis spawning aggregations in the USVI are known to occur along the shelf edge within a
large area along the southwest corner of St. Croix and at a site located south of St. John. The St. Croix
location is included in a seasonally closed area, which was established in 1993. Due to continued
poaching in the seasonally closed area the spawning population remains at risk. Despite their important
commercial status, little information exists of the population status and almost nothing is known about
their movement and migration patterns around the spawning aggregation site. An acoustic telemetry
study was conducted around the St. Croix and St. John FSA sites and preliminary data and observations
of spawning will be presented. Preliminary analysis suggests that spawning occurs between 12:30 and
17:00 outside the closed area. Alternative management scenarios are presented.
KEYWORDS: Spawning aggregations, fishery protected area, migration pathway, acoustic telemetry
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
192
Patrón de Distribución de los Ovocitos en las Gónadas de Doncella de Pluma
Lachnolaimus maximus (Perciformes: Labridae).
Distribution Pattern of Oocytes in Gonads of Hogfish
Lachnolaimus maximus (Perciformes: Labridae).
Mode De Répartition Des Ovocytes Dans Les Gonades Des Jeunes Femelles De Labres
Capitaine Lachnolaimus maximus (Perciformes: Labridae)
VIRGINIA NÓH-QUIÑONES*1, JULIÁN RENÉ TORRES-VILLEGAS
2,
URIEL VALDEZ-MONTIEL2, and THIERRY BRULÉ
1
1CINVESTAV-IPN – Unidad Mérida, Antigua Carretera a Progreso Km. 6, Mérida, Yucatán 97310
México. *[email protected]. 2CICIMAR – IPN, Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional, s/n La Paz, Baja California Sur 23096 México.
RESUMEN Para los estudios de reproducción de peces que involucran unas observaciones microscópicas de las
gónadas, es recomendable caracterizar de manera preliminar el patrón de distribución de los ovocitos en
diferentes etapas de desarrollo en los ovarios. Si la distribución es heterogénea en los ovarios, una falta
de estandarización en el lugar de toma de la muestra gonadal destinada al estudio microscópico puede
inducir importantes sesgos en los resultados obtenidos, por ejemplo en las estimaciones de fecundidad.
El presente estudio tiene como propósito comparar la distribución de los ovocitos en varios estadios de
desarrollo, entre diferentes zonas de un mismo ovario y entre los dos ovarios de la doncella de pluma
Lachnolaimus maximus, el único lábrido de importancia comercial en el Golfo de México. Seis muestras
de tejido ovárico obtenidas de las zonas anterior, media y posterior de cada ovario (izquierdo y derecho)
de 23 hembras maduras procedentes del Banco de Campeche (sur del Golfo de México), fueron
analizadas a través del uso de técnicas de histología clásica. La densidad (número de células por unidad
de área) de cada tipo de ovocitos presentes en cada zona ovárica fue estimada mediante el procesamiento
digital de imágenes (programas AxioVision e Image ProPlus). La mayoría de las hembras analizadas
presentó una homogeneidad en el patrón de distribución de los diferentes tipos de ovocitos, cualquier sea
la zona ovárica o el ovario considerado. En particular, este patrón fue observado para todas las hembras
clasificadas en fase reproductiva de desove activo, las cuales son elegidas para realizar las estimaciones
de fecundidad por lote en las especies de peces que presentan una ovogénesis asincrónica como es el
caso de L. maximus.
PALABRAS CLAVES: Gónadas, ovocitos, Lachnolaimus maximus, Golfo de México
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
193
Les Différentes Méthodes et Techniques pour Améliorer les Connaissances
sur les Requins et les Raies dans les Antilles Françaises
Various Methods to Improve the Knowledge of Sharks
and Rays in the French West Indies
Diferentes Métodos para Mejorar el Conocimiento sobre los
Tiburones y las Rayas en las Antillas Francesas
BEAUFORT OCEANE
Kap Natirel, 18 Rue des Tulipes, St. Claude, 97120 France. [email protected].
RESUMÉ
Dans les Antilles françaises, peu d‟informations sont disponibles sur les requins et les raies présents dans
les eaux territoriales. Pourtant, les observations en mer sont régulières et la consommation de ces
animaux est courante.
Depuis fin 2013, le ReGuaR (Réseau requins des Antilles françaises), basé en Guadeloupe et coordonné
par l‟association Kap Natirel, développe des actions pour répondre à deux objectifs principaux (et
complémentaires) : améliorer les connaissances sur les chondrichtyens, et informer/sensibiliser le public.
Plusieurs méthodes et techniques sont employées pour apporter de nouvelles informations : des sessions
de suivi (depuis la terre, en mer ou aérien) aux enquêtes auprès des acteurs de la mer, en passant par
l‟utilisation des sciences participatives.
Certaines techniques sont innovantes (tel que le suivi depuis le rivage), d‟autres sont utilisées depuis
plusieurs années à travers le monde mais peuvent comporter des adaptations pour répondre à des
objectifs ciblés dans un contexte bien défini. Chaque méthode possède des avantages ainsi que des
inconvénients qui seront présentés.
MOTS CLÉS: Tiburones, rayas, Antilles Françaises, surveiller
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
194
Observaciones Biológicas Preliminares de Rhinoptera steindachneri
(Evermann & Jenkins, 1891) en la Bahía de La Paz, Baja California Sur, México
Preliminar Biological Observations of Rhinoptera steindachneri
(Evermann & Jenkins, 1891) in Bahía de La Paz, Baja California Sur, Mexico
Observations Biologiques Préliminaires De Rhinoptera steindachneri
(Evermann & Jenkins, 1891) à Bahia de La Paz, Baja California Sur, Mexique
KAREN PABON-ALDANA*1, XCHEL PÉREZ-PALAFOX
1, NICOLÁS EHEMANN
1,
PAOLA A. MEJÍA-FALLA2, ANDRÉS NAVIA
2,
VÍCTOR CRUZ-ESCALONA1, and FELIPE NERI MELO-BARRERA
1
1CICIMAR – IPN, Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional, s/n Col. Playa, Palo de Santa Rita,
La Paz, BCS 23096 México. *[email protected]. 2Fundación Squalus, Carrera 60A #11-39, Cali, Valle del Cauca 760001 Colombia.
RESUMEN
Rhinoptera steindachneri es un recurso importante en la pesca artesanal a lo largo del Golfo de
California; y al igual que la mayoría de condrictios, presenta características de historia de vida que
incrementan su susceptibilidad en condiciones de explotación. Aspectos como la distribución, estructura
de tallas, proporción sexual, relaciones talla-peso, entre otros, proveen información de base para
posteriores estudios de historia de vida de las especies. La colecta de ejemplares de R. steindachneri se
realizó mensualmente a partir de pesca ribereña, entre octubre de 2013 y julio de 2015, capturando un
total de 193 ejemplares, a los cuales se les realizó biometría y colecta de muestras biológicas. El
intervalo de tallas para machos (n = 107) fue de 43 - 89 cm de ancho de disco (AD) y para hembras (n =
86) fue de 40.1 - 91.6 cm AD, y no se encontraron diferencias en la talla entre sexos. La proporción
sexual fue de 1H: 1M. La mayor captura de R. steindachneri en el área de estudio se presentó en los
meses de enero, febrero, mayo y julio. Las hembras preñadas se encontraron en mayo (2014 y 2015) y
julio (2015), los dos neonatos se registraron en julio (2014 y 2015). Preliminarmente se sugiere que la
banda de nacimiento en esta especie se forma en los meses posteriores al nacimiento. Observaciones
relacionadas a la fecundidad, talla de nacimiento y meses de parto, coinciden con otros estudios
reproductivos de la especie para el Golfo de California.
PALABRAS CLAVES: Batoidea, raya tecolote, estructura de tallas, banda de nacimiento, proporción
sexual
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
195
Ordenamiento Espacial Marino: Evaluación de Cierres Espacio-temporales a través del
Análisis del Cociente Entre las Capturas Incidentales y las Capturas Comerciales
Marine Spatial Planning: Evaluation of Spatio-temporal Closures
by Analyzing the Quotient of Bycatches and Commercial Catches
Planification De L‟espace Maritime : Evaluation Des Fermetures Spatio-Temporelles En
Analysant Le Rapport Des Prises Accessoires Et Les Captures Commerciales
LUCAS PACHECO ROVIRA
EcopacÃfico + FishSpektrum, casa 10, Hato pintado, Panamá 08160-7168 Panamá
RESUMEN
Numerosos expertos, organizaciones gubernamentales, no gubernamentales y organizaciones regionales
de ordenación de la pesca, están haciendo llamados a las Autoridades Nacionales para adoptar medidas
de reducción de las capturas incidentales en sus pesquerías. Las capturas incidentales representan un
componente crítico en la evolución de las prácticas de pesca responsable. En las aguas jurisdiccionales
de Panamá las tortugas marinas son las capturas incidentales no comerciables más frecuentes en las
operaciones de pesca con palangre pelágico. Un alto porcentaje (> 98.5 %) son recuperadas con vida en
la operación de virada del arte de pesca (Andraka et al., 2013; Pacheco, 2013). El cierre de áreas o
temporadas como medida complementaria, es en sí mismo una reducción del esfuerzo de pesca, a menos
que se compense el cierre con aumentos de las operaciones pesqueras en otras áreas o duración de las
temporadas. La aplicación de cierres debe estar tomada en base a la observación y análisis minucioso de
cómo se comporta la pesquería, y como se espera que reaccione al cierre. Hall (1996), propone una
metodología para identificar y evaluar la utilización de un enfoque espacio-temporal para el manejo de
las capturas incidentales, este análisis permite explorar posibles escenarios de cierres para la actividad
pesquera. Esta presentación expone de forma didáctica una herramienta o forma de analizar los datos de
CPUE según la metodología propuesta, sin embargo para tomar medidas que tengan que ver con cierres
de áreas o periodos, es fundamental contar con suficiente información sobre la operación y las capturas
de la flota con el nivel de detalle en cuanto a su distribución espacial y temporal, de otra manera estos
ejercicios no cumplirían con su función.
PALABRAS CLAVES: Palangre, cierres, espacio, temporada, tortugas
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
196
El Pez León en Cuba: Composición de la Dieta y Competencia Trófica
Lionfish in Cuba: Diet Composition and Trophic Competition
Poissons-Lions A Cuba : Composition Du Régime Alimentaire Et Concurrence Trophique
LAURA PANTOJA*, PEDRO CHEVALIER, RAUL IGOR CORRADA,
DELMIS CABRERA. ALEXIS FERNÁNDEZ, and HANSEL CABALLERO
Acuario Nacional Cuba, Calle 60 y 1ra La Habana, La Habana 11300 Cuba
RESUMEN
El pez león (Pterois volitans/miles) es originario del Indo-Pacífico y ha invadido el Atlántico occidental.
Sus poblaciones causan afectaciones en las comunidades de arrecife de coral mediante depredación
directa de peces e invertebrados nativos. Con la finalidad de estudiar la composición de la dieta del pez
león y su competencia con peces nativos de nivel trófico similar se capturaron 229 peces león y 72
individuos de 14 especies competidoras en tres localidades de Cuba. Se analizó el contenido de sus
estómagos mediante los métodos numérico, frecuencial, volumétrico e índice de importancia relativa. Se
identificaron 49 entidades alimentarias distribuidas entres grupos principales: peces, crustáceos y
moluscos, en este orden de abundancia, excepto en la localidad de Guanahacabibes donde las especies
competidoras mostraron preferencia por los crustáceos. Se calculó el índice de Morisita-Horm para
determinar el grado de solapamiento entre la dieta del pez león y las especies competidoras. Este índice
varió según el biotopo marino (seibadal y arrecife) ya que tanto el pez león como los competidores son
considerados depredadores especialistas-oportunistas, de acuerdo al índice de Levin, dado que se
alimentan del as presas disponibles y más abundantes en su hábitat. Todo lo anterior justifica que no
exista una competencia ecológicamente significativa entre el pez león y los peces nativos de nivel trófico
similar.
KEYWORDS: Pez león, dieta, competencia interespecífica
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
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Not All Reef Fish Are Built the Same, when it Comes to Surviving Release After Capture
No Todos los Pesces Arrecigales son Iguales, Cuando se Trata de
Sobrevivir a la Liberación Después de la Captura
Tous Les Poissons De Récif Ne Sont Pas Les Mêmes Quant À Leur Survie Lors De Leur
Libération Après Capture
DARYL PARKYN* and DEBRA MURIE
Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, University of Florida, 7922 NW 71st Street,
Gainesville, Florida 32653 USA. *[email protected].
ABSTRACT
Sources of fisheries mortality contributes greatly to uncertainty in fisheries management. As one source
of fishing mortality, release mortality of undersized, seasonally closed, and non-consumed sporting
species contribute additional uncertainty to this issue. The present study addresses the contributing
factors to catch and release mortality in warm temperate and tropical reef associated species, and the
additional challenges fishers and fish face in warm waters. To date we have focused our work on a large
Carangid, Greater Amberjack, a Mycteropercan grouper, Gag, and the Epinephaline red grouper.
Differences in swimbladder anatomy, physiology, as well as capture factors such as bait type, hook type,
temperature and ascent rate will be presented.
KEYWORDS: Amberjack, grouper, barotrauma, hook, swimbladder
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
198
Trophic Context of Invasive Lionfish in the Northern Gulf of Mexico Inferred
from Reef Fish Diet and Muscle Stable Isotope Analyses
Contexto Trófico del Pez León Invasor en el Norte del Golfo De México Inferido
a Partir de la Dieta de Peces Arrecifales e Isótopos Estables en los Músculos
Contexte Trophique Des Poissons-Lions Envahissants Dans Le Nord Du Golfe Du
Mexique A Partir Du Régime Alimentaire Des Poissons Et Des Analyses Des Isotopes
Stables
WILLIAM PATTERSON*, KRISTEN DAHL, and JOSEPH TARNECKI
University of South Alabama, Dauphin Island Sea Lab, 101 Bienville Blvd.,
Dauphin Island, Alabama 36528 USA. *[email protected].
ABSTRACT
Invasive red lionfish, Pterois volitans, have increased exponentially since first being observed in the
northern Gulf of Mexico (nGOM) in summer 2010. They have become a numerically dominant species
on artificial reefs in the region, although their density is much lower on natural reefs. To examine both
direct and indirect lionfish effects on native nGOM fishes, we tested for diet overlap via stomach content
analyses (n = 6,286 among 20 species). Species-specific trophic position and estimates of pelagic versus
benthic production sources also were examined via analysis of white muscle d13
C, d15
N, and d34
S values.
Results indicate that native reef fishes in the system tend to be generalist mesopredators, as are invasive
lionfish. The ability of native fishes such as snappers and grunts to switch among potential prey items
likely provides resistance to competition from lionfish, but this may be diminished somewhat given that
lionfish also switch among available prey. There was substantial diet overlap between lionfish and
snappers, grunts, and seabasses, but less overlap with non-reef benthic fishes. Results from stable isotope
analysis indicate that a mix of pelagic and benthic production fuels reef and adjacent benthic food webs.
Lionfish trophic position was similar to that of bank seabass, gray triggerfish, and tomtate, while being
significantly lower than most snappers, groupers, and jacks. Overall, study results place red lionfish in
the trophic context of native nGOM fish communities, as well as provide valuable data to model direct
and indirect effects of lionfish on native fishes in this region.
KEYWORDS: Red lionfish, diet analysis, stable isotopes
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
199
A Meta-analysis of Invasive Lionfish Diet Throughout
the Temperate and Tropical Western Atlantic
Un Meta-análisis de la Dieta del Pez León Invasor en Zonas
Templadas y Tropicales del Atlántico Occidental
Méta-Analyse Du Régime Alimentaire Du Poisson-Lion Envahissant Dans Toute La Zone
Tempérée Et Tropicale De l'Atlantique Ouest
JONATHAN PEAKE*1, ALEX K. BOGDANOFF
2,3, and JAMES A. MORRIS, JR.
2
1The University of Miami – RSMAS, 4600 Rickenbacker Causeway,
Miami, Florida 33149 USA. [email protected]. 2NOAA – National Ocean Service, 101 Pivers Island Road,
Beaufort, North Carolina 28516 USA. 3North Carolina State University, Department of Applied Ecology,
123 David Clark Labs, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695 USA.
ABSTRACT
Invasive lionfish (Pterois volitans/miles) have become one of the most abundant top reef
predators in the temperate and tropical western Atlantic. The impact of their invasion is not yet fully
understood, but current research efforts are documenting their ecological and economic impacts through
lionfish diet studies. The goal of this project is to characterize and compare lionfish feeding ecology
throughout the invaded range. Our meta-analysis will help identify potential diet trends and prey
preferences, as well as help determine relative ecological and commercial impacts of lionfish across
space. Lionfish diet data collected throughout the invaded range was obtained from over twenty
researchers for inclusion in a Microsoft Access database, and an Access-based analysis tool was created
to perform analyses across datasets. Preliminary analyses have been performed on existing datasets to
establish the feasibility and reliability of our analysis methods, and preliminary results do indicate
distinct differences between lionfish diet in the northern reaches of the invaded range to those of the
more tropical regions. As the invasion continues, having a better understanding of lionfish dietary trends
will help managers triage control and management strategies.
KEYWORDS: Longitudinal diet trends, economic impacts
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
200
The Effect of Lionfish Removal on Caribbean
Coral Reef Communities at Roatan, Honduras
El efecto de la Remoción del Pez León en las Comunidades
Arrecifales de Roatán, Caribe de Honduras
L'effet de L'élimination de la Rascasse Volante Sur Les Communautés
de Récifs Coralliens Caraïbes à Roatan, Honduras
FRIEDERIKE PEIFFER*1, SONIA BEJARANO
2,
GIACOMO PALAVICINI3, and CHRISTIAN WILD
1
1University of Bremen, Bibliothekstraße 1, Bremen 28359 Germany. *[email protected].
2Leibniz Center for Tropical Marine Ecology, Fahrenheitstraße 6, Bremen 28359 Germany.
3Roatan Marine Park, Roatan, Honduras.
ABSTRACT
A pressing concern in the Caribbean is the invasion of the Indo-Pacific lionfish, Pterois sp. This invasive
species poses a threat to native coral reef communities by competing with other predators and feeding on
fish and invertebrates, some of which are commercially or ecologically important. The aim of this study
was to assess the efficiency of removal efforts on Roatan, Honduras, in controlling lionfish populations
and its impact on fish and benthic communities using a combination of stakeholder interviews and reef
surveys. Removals were opportunistic and voluntarily performed by dive instructors and tourists, thus
frequency of removals varied across dive sites. Frequent removals significantly reduced lionfish
abundance to 20 fish/ha compared to 100 fish/ha at control sites and shifted size frequency distribution
towards smaller individuals. On sites with no extractions, lionfish abundance was higher than snapper
and grouper abundance, indicating intense competition. The abundance of prey-sized fishes, particularly
from the families of pomacentride, grammatide and tetraodontidae, was positively and significantly
affected by extractions. Invertivores and cleaners as functional groups showed significantly higher
abundances on sites with frequent extractions. Herbivore density was similar among sites, however
species richness in scaridae was also higher, and turfalgae cover was slightly lower on sites with
extractions. Functional diversity indices also indicate higher functional richness related to trophic traits.
Therefore, this study shows that local management efforts can control the impact of lionfish and thereby
may contribute to protect ecosystem functioning. Consequently, removal efforts should be focused on
sites of high ecological value.
KEYWORDS: Biological invasion, lionfish, removal effort, ecological benefits, functional richness
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
201
Análisis de Contaminantes Orgánicos en Sedimentos Marinos y en
Biota en la Bahía de Panamá, Panamá
Analysis of Organic Pollutants in Marine Sediments and Biota
in the Bay of Panama, Panama
Analyse des Polluants Organiques dans les Sédiments et les Biotes Marins
dans la Baie de Panama, Panama
ALEXIS PEÑA* and THELMA QUINTERO
Autoridad de los Recursos Acuáticos de Panamá, Dirección Nacional de Investigación y Desarrollo,
Departamento de Estaciones Experimentales, Calle 45 Este y Justo Arosemena,
Panamá, Panamá. *alexisp @arap.gob.pa.
RESUMEN
Este proyecto desarrollado por la Autoridad de los Recursos Acuáticos de Panamá (ARAP) y con el
auspicio del Organismo internacional de Energía Atómica (OIEA), incluyó el procesamiento y análisis
de muestras de sedimentos marinos y biota (moluscos bivalvos de las especies Anadara sp. y Protothaca
asperrima), de muestras colectadas durante los años 2010 y 2011 en la Bahía de Panamá, para la
determinación de concentraciones de contaminantes orgánicos como hidrocarburos aromáticos
polinucleares (HAP´s) y pesticidas órganoclorados (OC´s). Estos contaminantes orgánicos fueron
extraidos de las muestras por columnas Soxhlet, purificadas por columnas cromatográficas y analizadas
por cromatografía de gases acoplada a espectrometría de masas por selección de iones (GC / MS-SIM)
por medio de un detector de captura de electrones (ECD). Los resultados preliminares de los HAP´s
totales muestran mayores concentraciones en la parte central de la bahía donde se encuentra la ciudad y
el Canal de Panamá. Estos valores de concentración son tan altos como 15 veces las concentraciones
basales detectadas en el sector este de la Bahía. Las estaciones de muestreo ubicadas en el sector oeste
disminuyen su concentración de HAP´s conforme se alejan de la influencia del sector central de la Bahía
y en la dirección de la circulación de las corrientes marinas, dominante de este a oeste, alcanzando
valores similares al sector este, poblado principalmente por comunidades rurales.
PALABRAS CLAVES: ARAP, Bahía de Panamá, contaminación, hidrocarburos, pesticidas
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
202
Evaluación del Estado de los Arrecifes de Coral en dos Áreas Marinas Protegidas
en el Caribe Bajo Diferentes Regímenes de Uso
Assessment of the Condition of Coral Reefs in Two Marine Protected Areas
in the Caribbean Under Different Regimes of Use
Évaluation de L'état des Récifs Coralliens dans Deux Aires Marines Protégées
dans les Caraïbes Sous Différents Régimes D'utilisation
SUSANA PERERA VALDERRAMA*1, HECTOR HERNÁNDEZ ARANA
1,
MIGUEL ÁNGEL RUIZ ZÁRATE1, PEDRO ALCOLADO
1, HANSEL CABALLERO ARAGÓN
2,
JAIME GONZÁLEZ CANO3, and DORKA COBIÁN ROJAS
4
1El Colegio de la Frontera Sur, Centenario Km 5,5 Pacto Obrero Calle 18ª, no. 4114,
Playa Chetumal, Quintana Roo, México. *[email protected]. 2Acuario Nacional Cuba, Calle 60 y 1ra La Habana, La Habana 11300 Cuba.
3Comisión Nacional de Áreas Naturales Protegidas de México, México.
4Parque Nacional Península Guanahacabibes, Cuba.
RESUMEN
Se evaluó el estado de arrecifes de dos áreas marinas protegidas del Caribe: Parque Nacional
Guanahacabibes (GNP), Cuba y Parque Nacional Costa Occidental de Isla Mujeres - Punta Cancún -
Punta Nizuc (CNP), México. Los arrecifes (Yemayá y Laberinto en GNP y Cuevones y Manchones en
CNP) están sujetos a diferentes intensidades de buceo. Se midieron en el 2014 indicadores de corales
pétreos, macroalgas y erizo negro, con transectos lineales de 10 m, cuadrantes de 1m2 y de 25 x 25 cm
respectivamente. Según los resultados, ubicamos los arrecifes estudiados en tres estadíos de cambio.
Cuevones, CNP parece permanecer en un estado dominado por corales, con una cobertura coralina alta
(33,36%) pero un predominio de especies (encabezado por Porites astreoides) diferente a lo observado
en arrecifes del Caribe décadas atrás. Este arrecife ha permanecido cerrado al turismo por 15 años. Los
arrecifes de GNP, sujetos a una baja intensidad buceo, parecen estar experimentando el comienzo del
cambio de fase hacia un estado dominado por macroalgas. Sin embargo, la cobertura de coral de estos
sitios se mantiene similar a reportes anteriores (18,3% Yemaya y 12,1% Laberinto) y la riqueza de
especies (17) y densidad de reclutas (5.02, Yemayá y 4,67, Laberinto) son típicos de arrecifes saludables.
Manchones, CNP mostró la peor situación con la cobertura de coral (11,49%) y la densidad de reclutas
(0,6) más bajas. Esto parece deberse a la sinergia entre las presiones naturales y la gran afluencia de
visitantes que recibe este arrecife. Al parecer, estas AMPs están contribuyendo a la conservación de las
comunidades de corales, pero el monto de esta contribución parece depender de la intensidad de uso de
los arrecifes.
PALABRAS CLAVES: Coral , áreas marinas protegidas, buceo, Guanahacabibes, Cancun
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
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Aplicación de un Enfoque Ecosistémico en el Manejo de Áreas Protegidas Marinas
en los Archipiélagos del Sur de Cuba
Application of an Ecosystem-based Approach to the Management of
Marine Protected Areas in the Southern Archipelagos of Cuba
Application D'une Approche Basée sur L'écosystème pour la Gestion des
Aires Marines Protégées dans les Archipels du Sud de Cuba
SUSANA PERERA VALDERRAMA*1, ENRIQUE HERNÁNDEZ HERNÁNDEZ
1, AYLEM
HERNÁNDEZ ÁVILA1, MARITZA GARCÍA GARCÍA
1, DORKA COBIÁN ROJAS
2, ZAIMIURI
HERNÁNDEZ GONZÁLEZ3, and ELENA DE LA GUARDIA
4
1Centro Nacional de Áreas Protegida,s Calle 18A No. 4114 e/ 41 y 47, Playa La Habana,
La Habana Cuba. *[email protected]. 2Parque Nacional Guanahacabibes, Cuba.
3Parque Nacional Cayos de San Felipe, Cuba.
4CINVESTAV-IPN – Unidad Mérida, Antigua Carretera a Progreso Km. 6,
Mérida, Yucatán 97310 México.
RESUMEN
Se presentan los principales resultados y lecciones aprendidas del proyecto Aplicación de un enfoque
regional al manejo de áreas marinas protegidas (AMPs) en los Archipiélagos del Sur de Cuba,
desarrollado entre 2009 y 2014. Se contribuyó a incrementar la cobertura de ecosistemas prioritarios
(arrecifes de coral, pastos marinos y manglares) en el Sistema Nacional de Áreas Protegidas (SNAP).
Actualmente existen 40 áreas marinas protegidas en la zona del proyecto (12 más que al inicio del
proyecto), de estas 26 están legalmente aprobadas, 17 como resultado del proyecto. También existen 14
Zonas de Manejo Integrado Costero y dos nuevas reservas de pesca. Se actualizaron los inventarios y
estudios de biodiversidad marina involucrando numerosas instituciones científicas. Se elaboró una
estrategia nacional de vigilancia cooperada entre todos los actores. Las AMPs se fortalecieron con
capacitación y equipamiento para actividades de gestión, vigilancia y monitoreo. Se elaboraron y/o
actualizaron los planes de manejo de las AMPs. Se elaboraron e implementaron 12 protocolos de
monitoreo para especies clave y ecosistemas de la región del proyecto. Se desarrollaron numerosos
materiales divulgativos, audiovisuales, etc. Se logró un gran acercamiento con el Ministerio de Turismo,
las comunidades locales y otros actores públicos y privados en la planificación y toma de decisiones
sobre el desarrollo del turismo en la zona. Fueron diseñados e implementados 10 productos de turismo
de naturaleza sostenible en AMPs. Se realizaron estudios de valoración económica de servicios
ecosistémicos en varias AMPs del proyecto y se evaluó su incidencia en el bienestar humano. Se
implementaron alternativas económicas en comunidades locales, dirigidas al cambio de artes de pesca
nocivas al medio ambiente, entre otros. Se desarrolló una propuesta de mecanismos financieros para el
SNAP.
PALABRAS CLAVES: Áreas marinas protegidas, proyecto, turismo sostenible, monitoreo,
Archipiélagos del Sur de Cuba
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
204
Public-Private Partnerships for Environmental Monitoring
in the Offshore Gulf of Mexico
Asociaciones Público-Privadas para el Monitoreo Ambiental
en la Costa Afuera del Golfo de México
Partenariats Public-Privé Pour La Surveillance Environnementale Au Large Du Golfe Du
Mexique
RUTH PERRY* and STEVE TRUCHON
Shell Exploration & Production Company, 150 N. Dairy Ashford, A460-H Houston, Texas 77079 USA.
ABSTRACT
To meet the many challenges associated with exploring and operating in the offshore, Shell is working
with academic, non-profit, community, and government stakeholders to develop and implement long-
term environmental monitoring programs in the Gulf of Mexico. These programs, or public-private
partnerships (PPPs), help Shell to operate safely and responsibly in the marine offshore environment.
Working collaboratively leverages and integrates complementary strengths of each partner to better
address critical science priorities, such as impact of ocean acidification on Gulf coral reefs, tropical
storm and hurricane forecasting and prediction modeling, and evaluating ecosystem services provided by
Rigs-to-Reefs. Furthermore, collaborative and integrated PPPs outreach to the marine community
through the collection of long-term data to improve resource management. PPPs range from OCS
baseline data acquisition and characterizing ecosystem services, long term monitoring of ocean
processes, and ocean observing technology development. In the Gulf, PPPs provide a multi-purpose
mechanism for helping meet the resource management needs of the communities and regulators,
identifying potential knowledge gaps, meeting industry regulatory requirements, supporting operational
planning, and supporting industry‟s license to operate through collection of baseline and long term
(multi-year) data where needed. We will present the framework and data from these PPPs and how
fisheries communities are integrated into the different programs.
KEYWORDS: Gulf of Mexico, environmental monitoring, ecosystem services, biodiversity, public-
private partnerships
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
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54 Years in the Making: Gulf and Caribbean Research Now Online and Open Access
54 Años en la Fabricación:
¡Gulf and Caribbean Research Ahora nn Línea y Acceso Abierto
54 Années De Mise En Œuvre :
Gulf And Caribbean Research Est Maintenant Ouvert Et Accessible En Ligne
MARK PETERSON* and NANCY BROWN-PETERSON
Department of Coastal Sciences, University of Southern Mississippi, 703 East Beach Drive,
Ocean Springs, Mississippi 39564 USA. *[email protected].
ABSTRACT
Gulf and Caribbean Research has migrated to a fully online delivery platform with the publication of
Volume 26. The peer-reviewed, scientific journal was originally founded in 1961 by Gordon Gunter as a
publication of the Gulf Coast Research Laboratory and was titled Gulf Research Reports; that name
persisted through 1999. Starting in 2000, the name was changed to Gulf and Caribbean Research to
better reflect the scope of manuscripts, and the journal was published in traditional hard-copy format
through 2013. The new fully online delivery format, sponsored by University Libraries and the Gulf
Coast Research Laboratory, started production in April 2015 and is published
(http://aquila.usm.edu/gcr/) by the University of Southern Mississippi. Full text of all papers published
since 1961 are uploaded on the site; papers from the most recent five years of publication are available
for a nominal charge of $5 each, while all earlier papers are Open Access. Additionally, all papers in
Volume 26 are Open Access. Beginning with Volume 27, the journal will offer a hybrid publication
format: 1) Open Access for a $500 fee; or 2) the abstract only available online for no fee. A PDF of the
non-Open Access papers is available to authors for a $90 fee. We anticipate that more papers will be
published per year with a shorter turn-around time with the online format.Gulf and Caribbean Research,
now in its 54th year of publication, continues to provide an important outlet for peer-reviewed
publications from the Gulf of Mexico and Caribbean Sea regions.
KEYWORDS: Journal, Gulf and Caribbean Research, open access
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
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Monitoring of a Transboundary Network of Marine Protected Areas on the Grenada
Bank
Monitoreo de la Red Transfronteriza de Áreas Marinas Protegidas en el Banco de
Grenada
Suivi d'un Réseau Transfrontalier D'aires Marines Protégées dur la Banque Grenade
MYLES PHILLIPS*1, EMMA DOYLE
2, and PATRICIA KRAMER
3
1Sustainable Grenadines Inc., Clifton Union Island , St Vincent and the Grenadines.
*[email protected]. 2Gulf and Caribbean Fisheries Institute, 6510 Carrizo Fall Court, Houston, Texas 77041 USA.
3Healthy Reefs for Healthy People Initiative, Belize City, Belize.
ABSTRACT
The Grenada Bank supports the most extensive coral reefs and related habitats in the south-eastern
Caribbean, but its biodiversity is at risk from increasing tourism, uncontrolled coastal development and
overfishing. The Grenadines Network of Marine Protected Areas is an initiative to promotecollaborative
capacity building for MPA management in the Grenada Bank. In 2014, NFWF sponsored an AGRRA
coral reef monitoring training workshop and an expedition to the six MPAs to establish long-term
monitoring sites and complete underwater surveys. The goal was to strengthen coral reef management
and coordination of the network and to provide an initial baseline to help the managers track the state of
the reef over time. The long-term monitoring sites were strategically selected to fill existing data gaps,
coincide with historical data, and/or address specific site management information needs.
We present findings about the condition of coral reefs across two countries and six biologically-
connected MPAs and highlight lessons learned for MPA management in this and other locations in the
Caribbean. All except one site exhibited high coral cover and low fleshy macro algal cover relative to the
Caribbean averages reported by AGRRA. Diadema were abundant at several sites.Several MPAs have
the potential to tip the balance back to coral dominated reefs if herbivore populations are restored. Fish
biomass, particularly commercially important species, was found to be lower than Caribbean regional
averages, indicating strategic directions for education and outreach, enforcement and ongoing
monitoring. We explain how thistransboundary science data helps to refine MPA management actions.
KEYWORDS: MPA, monitoring, transboundary, AGRRA, biomass
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
207
Red Snapper: Success Through Strong Governance in the US Gulf Of Mexico
Pargo Rojo: Éxito a través de una Gobernanza Firme en el
Golfo de México de los Estados Unidos
Vivaneau Rouge: Succès Grâce A Une Solide Gouvernance Dans Le Golfe Du Mexique
TODD PHILLIPS* and JON PAUL BROOKER
Ocean Conservancy, 106 East 6th Street, Austin, Texas 78727 USA.
ABSTRACT
Red Snapper (Lutjanus campechanus) is an iconic species in the United States Gulf of Mexico. It is also
the source of great frustration for fishery managers, anglers and scientists. This species had been
considered overfished and undergoing overfishing for decades and, as a result, was placed into a
population rebuilding plan. Through multiple regulatory actions by the Gulf of Mexico Fisheries
Management Council, the species is now on a track to be rebuilt by 2032. We describe the process
through which managers using tools such as the Magnuson–Stevens Fishery Conservation and
Management Act (MSA) and the Sustainable Fisheries Act (SFA) were able to move a failing fishery to
a successful fishery. Additionally, we describe how actions from a combined and mixed stakeholder
group of recreational and commercial anglers have allowed increased opportunity for recreational
anglers to fish for red snapper. While tools like the MSA and SFA may not be applicable to all nations in
the Caribbean, the process of an inclusionary fishery governance system can lead to a durable and
disciplined fishery. We provide discussion on how elements of these laws can be used to achieve a
sustainable fishery
KEYWORDS: Red snapper, Magnuson–Stevens, recreational fishery, commercial fishery, governance
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
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Electronic Monitoring:
A Methodological Approach to Design a Monitoring Program Foundation
Monitoreo Electrónico: Un Enfoque Metodológico para el Diseño
de un Programa de Monitoreo de la Fundación
Surveillance Électronique : Une Approche Méthodologique Pour Concevoir
une Base de Programme de Surveillance
TODD PHILLIPS* and JON PAUL BROOKER
Ocean Conservancy, 106 East 6th Street, Austin, Texas 78727 USA.
ABSTRACT
Use of electronic monitoring (EM) technology to collect fishery dependent data is widely assumed to be
the next stage in the evolution of fishery monitoring. These tools may offer more efficient and cost
effective methods to provide a robust fishery data set in a timely manner for managers to use in their
decision-making processes. We completed an exhaustive review of existing EM technologies inside and
outside of the fisheries space in order to identify areas of opportunity moving forward for increased
inclusion and integration of EM tools into the United States‟ Gulf of Mexico commercial and
recreational fishery monitoring programs. Overall, we found technology, like cameras and electronic
logbooks, to be sufficiently developed and ready for use in monitoring programs. Yet, despite the direct
applicability of EM technology to fishery monitoring, very few programs have embraced technology as a
means to gather data. This reticence to integrate EM is not related to technology, but yet due to the
interface between technology and current long-term monitoring program procedures and protocols.
Nations in the Gulf of Mexico and Caribbean may not have the same limiting factors as US monitoring
programs and their monitoring systems may be ripe for change. The key to inclusion of EM tools is a
three-step process, which we provide here. We describe how a multi-faceted team of science, managers
and stakeholders will be needed to design a prototype monitoring system blueprint serve as the
foundation of a successful EM program.
KEYWORDS: Electronic monitoring, technology , fishery monitoring , recreational fishery
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Characterization of Shark Assemblages in Cuba‟s Jardines de la Reina
Archipelago and the Contiguous Golfo de Ana Maria
Caracterización de la Composición de Tiburones en el Archipiélago
Jardines de la Reina y su Vecino Golfo de Ana María, Cuba
Caractérisation des Assemblages de Requins dans L'archipel des Jardins de la Reine
et du Golfe de Ana Maria, Cuba
FABIAN PINA AMARGOS*1, TAMARA FIGUEREDO
1, NOEL LOPEZ
2,
JORGE ANGULO VALDES3, and RACHEL GRAHAM
4
1Centro de Ecosistemas Costeros, Cayo Coco, Cuba. *[email protected].
2Avalon Dive Centers, Jucaro Ciego de Avila, Cuba.
3Centro de Investigaciones Marinas, Universidad de la Habana, La Habana, Cuba.
4MarAlliance, 32 Coconut Drive, San Pedro, Ambergris Caye, Belize.
ABSTRACT
The status of coastal and reef-associated sharks in Cuba is poorly known. To facilitate long-term
monitoring of sharks and assess effectiveness of the regionally-important Jardines de la Reina Marine
Protected Area, we conducted the country‟s first fisheries-independent baseline survey for sharks. A total
of 43 sampling days (19 February 2012 to 20 May 2013) were spent conducting fisheries-independent
demersal longline surveys for sharks in the JDLR MPA and contiguous Golfo de Ana Maria. A stratified
random-sampling design underpinned a total of 62 stations (n = 21 inside JDLR MPA; n = 41 outside).
A total of 112 sets and 5,402 hooks captured a total of 74 elasmobranchs. Captures in fore-reef areas
were dominated by Caribbean reef sharks (Carcharhinus perezi) that ranged from 74.5 cm to 222 cm
TL, followed by juvenile blacktip sharks (Carcharhinus limbatus, n = 4). Fourteen female Caribbean
reef sharks over 190 cm TL observed at provisioning sites suggests that larger fed animals are unlikely to
take hooks providing a bias in our longline surveys. To compensate, an Avalon dive guide shark
observation program was initiated in October 2013 that has generated over 92 observations at
provisioning sites in JDLR. This non-invasive monitoring technique both complements longline surveys
and has yielded information on the total number of sharks present at each provisioning event, sex ratios,
and site fidelity of tagged Caribbean reef sharks and silky sharks (C. falciformis). These results are being
integrated into the developing National Plan of Action (NPOA) and a proposal to expand the protected
area's boundaries.
KEYWORDS: Standardized longline survey, Elasmobranch, Caribbean, marine protected area, national
plan of action/CITES
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
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Aproximación Metodológica para la Evaluación de Stocks de Recursos Hidrobiológicos
en Entornos Marinos de la Costa Caribe Colombiana a través del
Seguimiento de Desembarques Pesqueros Artesanales
Methodological Approach for the Evaluation of Hydro-biological Resources
in Marine Environments of the Colombian Caribbean Coast through the
Monitoring of Artisanal Fisheries Landings
Approche Méthodologique pour L‟évaluation des Stocks de Ressources Hydrobiologiques
dans les Environnements Marins de la Côte Caraïbe Colombienne à travers
le Suivi des Débarquements de Pêche Artisanale
FRANCISCO PINILLA1, MARTHA PEÑUELA
2, ANNY GUTIERREZ
2,
and ANA CRISTINA MARROQUIM*3
1Environmental Resources Management (ERM) Peru , Calle las Orquideas 675,
Oficina 402, San Isidro, Lima 27 Peru. 2Environmental Resources Management (ERM) Colombia ltda,
Carrera 16, No. 93A-36, 6th Floor, Bogotá D.C. Colombia.
3Shell Exploration and Production, 150 N. Dairy Ashford Rd – A474-E,
Houston, Texas 77079 USA. *[email protected].
RESUMEN
La población de pescadores artesanales activos para el caribe colombiano, se estima en 13429 personas,
distribuida en 28 municipios a lo largo de la zona costera. El departamento del Magdalena registra 4379
pescadores, siendo uno de los departamentos con mayor capacidad de organización, con 37
agremiaciones de pesca artesanal registradas (Rueda et al., 2010 - 2011). Dado que el comportamiento
del pescador artesanal se basa en decisiones a corto plazo, no hay certeza sobre las tendencias de
capturas, los ingresos y los costos de los diferentes artes de pesca a lo largo de las costas colombianas.
De ahí , la importancia de avanzar en la obtención de datos en poco tiempo, para poder buscar
alternativas metodológicas, obtener información adicional y complementaria, a la registrada en las
fuentes oficiales del país1.
Entre Agosto y Diciembre de 2014, se evaluaron diversos sitios reconocidos de desembarque pesqueros
en los departamentos del Atlántico, Bolívar y Magdalena. Adicionalmente, se realizó un ejercicio de
cartografía marina y aplicación de encuestas semi-estructuradas con los pescadores que frecuentan los
sitios de desembarco, con el fin de caracterizar y situar con coordenadas aproximadas los caladeros de
pesca más visitados por los pescadores artesanales, sus artes de pesca, registros de flota, capturas y
principales problemáticas, preocupaciones y percepciones en estos sitios más representativos de
desembarques pesqueros aledaños a las ciudades de Barranquilla, Santa Marta y Cartagena.
1 En Colombia la Unidad Administrativa Especial encargada de toda la actividad piscícola del país, es la Autoridad Nacional de Acuicultura y Pesca AUNAP. INCODER (Instituto Colombiano de Desarrollo Rural) ejerce competencias relacionadas con el fomento de la pesca industrial; SEPEC es el Sistema de Servicio Estadístico Pesquero Colombiano, el cual es la herramienta principal de la AUNAP, para generar la estadística pesquera nacional. El Instituto de Investigaciones marinas y Costeras “Jose Benito Vives de Andréis” INVEMAR, aporta al conocimiento científico de los recursos hidrobiológicos y pesqueros del país.
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
211
A Lionfish Trap for Use in Bermuda, with Potential Applications Elsewhere
Una Trampa para la Captura de Pez León en Las Bermudas,
con Aplicaciones Potentiales en Otros Lugares
Un Casier à Poisson-lion Developé pour les Bermudes,
avec Application Potentielle en D'autres Zones Marines
JOANNA PITT* and TAMMY TROTT
Department of Environmental Protection, Bermuda Government,
3 Coney Island Road, St. Georges, CR04 Bermuda. *[email protected].
ABSTRACT
In Bermuda, invasive lionfish are concentrated in deeper waters (30 – 60 m) inaccessible to most cullers,
but are regularly caught as bycatch in commercial lobster traps at these depths. Bermuda does not allow
'fish pots', so the Department of Environmental Protection has been working to modify the standard
lobster traps to increase lionfish catch and reduce the catch of spiny lobster, while maintaining low levels
of finfish bycatch. Over several iterations, eight funnel types, various baiting strategies, and the effects
of shading the traps were tested. Shading the traps increased lobster catch while decreasing lionfish
catch. Use of dead bait increased bycatch of all types but, for a given trap design, lionfish catch was
similar across baiting strategies. In the low-relief habitat at 60m, the structure of the trap alone appears
sufficient to attract lionfish. The presence of escape gaps significantly reduced finfish bycatch, while
lionfish were retained. Optimal soak time was 7 - 14 days. Lionfish 'hot spots' influenced catch rates,
emphasizing the importance of understanding lionfish distribution. Traps with wire funnels terminating
in a black 20cm ring and traps with two top-loading funnels produced the best trade-off between lionfish
catch and bycatch, and are being tested by commercial fishers. With lobster bycatch reduced, a lionfish
trap fishery could operating during the summer closed season, targeting 'hot spots' to be cost-effective.
The low rates of bycatch mean that these traps may be useful elsewhere for controlling lionfish in areas
where fishing is not permitted, such as MPAs and contaminated areas.
KEYWORDS: Lionfish, traps, Bermuda
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
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Las Pescadoras de Teacapán, Sinaloa y su Papel en la Cadena Productiva
Teacapan, Sinaloa Fisherwomen and its Role in the Production Chain
Teacapan, Femmes Pecheurs De Sinaloa Et Leur Role Dans La Chaine De Production
SANDRA POMPA MANSILLA1, BÁRBARA NAVA CRISTOBAL
2,
and IVO GARCÍA GUTIÉRREZ3
1Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, Constitucion 207-2 Col. Centro,
Mazatlan, Sinaloa 82000 Mexico. *[email protected]. 2Escuela Nacional de Antropología e Historia, Periférico Sur y Zapote s/n. Colonia Isidro Fabela,
Mexico City D.F. 14030 Mexico.
3Instituto de Geografía, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito exterior s/n, Ciudad
Universitaria, Mexico City D.F. 04510 Mexico.
RESUMEN
La perspectiva de género resalta la importancia del empoderamiento y el papel de la mujer en el
desarrollo, ya que son parte fundamental dentro de la gestión y uso de los recursos naturales a nivel
mundial, y su participación es clave para lograr la seguridad alimentaria. Aún con el creciente
reconocimiento de la pesca femenina, sigue siendo imperante analizar el sentido y relevancia de su papel
para mejorar el enfoque socio-ecológico de la gestión de la pesca. El objetivo de este trabajo fue conocer
las actividades pesqueras que realizan las mujeres y de qué manera influyen en su percepción como
sujetas productivas en Teacapán, Sinaloa, México. Se emplearon técnicas cuanti y cualitativas para
recabar información sobre su estructura socioeconómica, ocupación y tiempo libre; así como preguntas
para investigar el conocimiento de las mujeres sobre los productos y actividades pesqueras, la
sobreexplotación y su participación en este rubro. Encontramos que un 73% de las mujeres encuestadas
participa en la pesca, pero sólo el 3% se considera pescadora. Las mujeres desconocen completamente de
los apoyos gubernamentales dirigidos a este sector de la población y a ésta actividad económica. El 86%
de las encuestadas está dispuesta a participar en un grupo organizado que involucre mujeres para pescar
o comercializar productos pesqueros, y 7 de cada 10 cree que las mujeres deben participar en la pesca. El
involucramiento del gobierno, la academia y las ONGs tienen mucho que aportar al sector femenino de
la pesca en Sinaloa ávido de oportunidades de desarrollo.
KEYWORDS: Empoderamiento, género, pesquerías, México
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
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Progress in the Regional Queen Conch Fisheries Management and Conservation
Avances en el Ordenamiento y Conservación Regional del Caracol Rosado
Progrès dans la Gestion des Pêches Régionale au Lambi et Conservation
MARTHA PRADA*
1, RICHARD APPELDOORN
2, RAYMON VAN ANROOY
3,
MIGUEL ROLON4, JOSEF VAN EIJS, and MANUEL PEREZ
1Blue Dream Ltd., Avenida 20 de Julio 5-92, San Andres Island, Colombia. *[email protected].
2Universidad Puerto Rico, 321 Pirineo Street, Miradero Hills, Mayaguez, Puerto Rico 00681-9000 USA.
3FAOSLC – WECAF, Bridgetown, Barbados.
4Carribean Fisheries Managment Council, 270 Muñoz Rivera Ave.,
Suite 401, San Juan Puerto Rico 00918 USA.
ABSTRACT
With the support of the Western Central Atlantic Fishery Commission, the Caribbean Fisheries
Management Council, The CITES Secretariat, the Caribbean Fisheries Management Council and the
Central American Fisheries and Aquaculture Organization, the Regional Queen Conch Fishery
Management and Conservation Plan has been produced for further revision and formal adoption. The
Plan presents a set of 14 management measures that can be applied at the regional or sub-regional level
for the sustainability of queen conch populations, the maintenance of a healthy fishery and the
sustenance of fishers and fishers‟ communities. These measures were supported by experts and managers
members of the WECAFC/CFMC/OSPESCA/CRFM Working Group. Concerns about the status of this
Caribbean resource and the need to implement a common regional management began nearly 20 years
ago, but unfortunately, until now, tangible results of regional and sub-regional initiatives have been
scarce due to the lack of cooperation and political support across the region. Given the ecosystem-based
management approach recommended in this regional plan, it is expected that partnership and
collaboration throughout the Wider Caribbean region would be enhance and lead to improvements in the
long-term governance of queen conch fisheries. Considering that queen conch is already a relatively
highly regulated fishery, the harmonized regional measures presented in this document will require
minor adjustment only to achieve the broader objectives envisioned in the regional plan. This
presentation is being made to build regional support among scientists, fisherfolk, and educators, all part
of the GCFI community.
KEYWORDS: Queen conch, regional management, governance
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
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Diseño Participativo de Refugios Pesqueros como una Herramienta de Manejo y
Conectividad de Ecosistemas y Recursos Marino Costeros
Participatory Design of Fish Refuges as a Tool of Management and
Connectivity of Coastal Marine Resources and Ecosystems
Conception Participative des Refuges de Peche comme un Outil de Gestion
et de la Connectivité des Resources Marines Cotiëres et des Écosystémes
SILJA RAMIREZ* and GUILLERMO GáLVEZ
Fundaeco, 25 street 2-39 zone 1, Guatemala 01001 Guatemala. *[email protected].
RESUMEN
El área de Uso Múltiple Río Sarstún (AUMRS) es considerada como un sitio representativo de alta
riqueza biológica, dónde la participación de las comunidades en la conservación y manejo de los
recursos marino costeros ha sido relevante. Con el objetivo de apoyar e incrementar la red de refugios
pesqueros en el Caribe de Guatemala, para recobrar y sostener las pesquerias comerciales de la región se
diseñó participativamente con las comunidades locales del AUMRS un nuevo refugio pesquero, se
desarrolló un plan de manejo y se implémentó un monitoreo biológico constante para analizar la
funcionalidad del refugios como herramienta de manejo y conservación. Para llevar a cabo este proceso
en conjunto con los pescadores y autoridades locales se delimitó el área, se priorizaron lineamientos de
manejo y se desarrolló un plan de manejo identificando los principales objetos de conservación, sus
amenazas y se diseñaron estrategias de manejo. Como parte del análisis de funcionalidad del refugio
pesquero como una herramienta de manejo se diseñó un protocolo de monitoreo para poder analizar el
aumento de ciertas especies tanto dentro como fuera del refugio. Es así como nueve pescadores que
tienen una incidencia directa en el área fueron certificados en buceo, aí como también en técnicas de
investigación y colecta de datos, formando actualmente parte del equipo ténico los informes biólógicos
finales indican que actualmente existe un aumento en la abundancia de dos especies de peces de tipo
comercial Vieja maculicauda y Mugil curema dentro y fuera del nuevo refugio pesquero diseñado
(Refugio Pesquero de Barra Sarstún).
PALABRAS CLAVES: Refugio pesquero, monitoreo biológico, especies de peces de tipo comercial
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
215
Tiburones y Rayas del Caribe Guatemalteco
Sharks and Rays of the Guatemalan Caribbean
Requins et Raies des Caraibe du Guatemala
SILJA RAMIREZ
1, MANUEL IXQUIAC
1, GUILLERMO GALVEZ
1, and MARIO SALAZAR
2
1Fundaeco, 25 calle 2-39 zona 1, Guatemala, 01001 Guatemala. *[email protected].
2Cema, Ciudad Universitaria zona 12, Guatemala 01001 Guatemala.
RESUMEN
Se realizó una revisión de las especies de tiburones y rayas registradas para aguas marinas del Caribe de
Guatemala, encontrando un total de 32 especies (20 especies de tiburones y 12 especies de rayas). De
éstas, 16 especies de tiburones y 10 especies de rayas han sido confirmadas a través de fotografías y las
restantes han sido registradas en referencias bibliográficas. Este inventario se encuentra representado por
21 géneros (11 de tiburones y 10 de rayas), en 15 familias (6 de tiburones y 9 de rayas) y en 7 órdenes (5
y 2 ) respectivamente. Se destacan tres especies de tiburones de profundidad para el Caribe
Guatemalteco. Se generó un registro fotográfico de las especies reportadas por la pesca artesanal, siendo
casi todas las especies capturadas con fines comerciales para su consumo (> 71% de especies). Respecto
a las espcies pesqueras incluidas en los apéndices de la Convención Internacional para el Tráfico de
Especies Silvestres -CITES- y de la Lista de Especies Amenazadas -LEA- del Consejo Nacional de
Áreas Protegidas -CONAP-, se reporta la presencia de seis especies estando la mayoría de estas especies
en las categorías de vulnerable, en peligro y peligro crítico según los listados de la UICN. De este listado
de espcies, las especies tiburón martillo Sphyrna lewini, tiburón martillo gigante Sphyrna mokarran son
las que mayor presión de pesca reciben en e Caribe de Guatemala.
PALABRAS CLAVES: sistematica, especies, amanezadas, pesca,
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
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Socio-economic Impacts of Sargassum on the Fishery Sector of Barbados
Impactos Socioeconómicos de Sargazo en el Sector Pesquero de Barbados
Impacts Socio-économiques de Sargasses dans le Secteur de la Pêche de la Barbade
NEEMA RAMLOGAN*1, PATRICK McCONNEY
2, and HAZEL OXENFORD
2
1Centre for Resource Management and Environmental Science, 184 Indian Trail,
Village Couva, Trinidad and Tobago. *[email protected]. 2Centre for Resource Management and Environmental Science,
University of the West Indies University, Cave Hill, Bridgetown, Barbados.
ABSTRACT
Barbados, like other Eastern Caribbean islands, has been impacted by several events of high Sargassum
abundance, with 2015 being the most recent and most impactful. One of the major stakeholder groups
affected by these events are the fisherfolk and other actors within the fishery sector in Barbados. The
paper examines and analyses the socio-economic impacts of Sargassum on the fishery value chain, and
the corresponding coping or adaptive mechanisms developing as a result of these impacts. The ability of
fish landing data to capture trends directly related to the Sargassum events, between the years 2010-
2015, is also examined. Adaptive responses and recommendations for improved monitoring and policy
measures, for future occurrences, are set out based on qualitative data. Data were collected through semi-
structured and informal interviews, and discussions at landing sites on the east, west and south coasts of
Barbados. A group interview with the Fisheries Division was conducted; as well as key informant
interviews, and a series of focus groups in which scenarios were considered by participants from various
groups along the value chain. Stakeholder groups‟ adaptive capacity and resilience to environmental
issues, such as those presented by the influx of Sargassum, are reported on.
KEYWORDS: Barbados, fishery, impact, Sargassum, socio-economic
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
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Integrated Management Framework for Puerto Rico‟s Marine Corridor of the Northeast
Esquema de Manejo Integrativo para el Corredor Marino del Noreste de Puerto Rico
Système De Gestion Pour Le Corridor Marin Du Nord-Est De Porto Rico : Une
Approche Intégrative
ANTARES RAMOS ALVAREZ*1, CHRIS F.G. JEFFREY
2,
SIMON J. PITTMAN3, and MIGUEL F. CANALS
4
1NOAA's Coral Reef Conservation Program, University of Oxford, Department of Zoology,
654 Muñoz Rivera. Ave Suite 604, San Juan, Puerto Rico 00918USA. *[email protected]. 2NOAA – NCCOSCSS - Dynamac, 1305 East-West Hwy. SSMC-4,
#9213, Silver Spring, Maryland 20910-3281 USA. 3NOAA – NCCOS, Sea Scape Analytics, 13 Haddington Road, Plymouth PL2 1RP United Kingdom.
4UPRM – Center for Applied Ocean Science and Engineering, Caribbean Coastal Ocean Observing
System, Call Box 900, Mayaguez, Puerto Rico 00680 USA.
ABSTRACT
A network of five marine protected areas along with adjacent waters in northern Puerto Rico has been
aggregated into a single reserve named the Marine Corridor of the Northeast. This marine corridor
covering an area of around 265 km2
is the first of its kind on this Caribbean island. A management
framework for this protected area is being designed using an integrative land-sea approach for
synthesizing data and information collected over four years. A multi-disciplinary team have compiled
comprehensive spatial data and applied conservation prioritization tools to inform the management plan.
Five components formed the data synthesis framework. 1) Hydrodynamic studies revealed complex
coastal currents and circulatory patterns, as well as potential connectivity among habitats. 2) Ecological
studies characterized spatial patterns in the distribution fishes, benthic organisms, and endangered corals;
and are being used to prioritize coral reefs for conservation. 3) Social science studies provided
information on human uses, the perspective of stakeholders and resource users, as well as expert local
knowledge on stressors and natural resource conditions. 4) Intergovernmental watershed management
efforts are also occurring to reduce downstream impacts on marine resources within the marine corridor.
5) Finally, spatial data on current patterns, coral reef resource distributions, habitats, human uses, user
perspectives, and expert local knowledge, are being integrated into a decision support framework that
will be used to inform, coordinate and streamline local and federal management activities for the
reserve. This integrative approach can be applicable to other regions in the Caribbean.
KEYWORDS: Coral reefs, MPA network, marine corridor, integrated management, connectivity
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
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Long-term Changes in Fish Assemblage Structure and Function
of Terminos Lagoon, Campeche, Mexico
Cambios a Largo Plazo de la Estructura y la Función de las Comunidades
de Peces en la Laguna de Términos, Campeche, México
Changements A Long Terme De La Structure Et Du Fonctionnement Des
Groupements De Poissons Dans La Términos, Campeche, Mexique
JULIA RAMOS MIRANDA*, DOMINGO FLORES HERNÁNDEZ,
ATAHUALPA SOSA LÓPEZ, and EDSON F. FLORES RAMOS
Instituto Epomex, Universidad Autónoma de Campeche, Av. Héroe de Nacozari No- 480,
Campeche 24029 México. *[email protected].
RESUMEN
La Laguna de Términos ha sido impactada desde la década los 50‟s. El efecto sinérgico del desarrollo
urbano, extracción de petróleo, tala de manglar, desarrollo agrícola y actividad pesquera incluyendo
impactos naturales extremos y el cambio climático, han modificado las características hidrológicas y la
composición y estructura de los ensambles de peces. En este trabajo, la riqueza de esta comunidad, fue
estudiada en un periodo discontinuo de 30 años (1980, 1998 y 2011). En cada período, se analizaron los
cambios hidrológicos (temperatura, salinidad, profundidad y transparencia), por medio de ANOVAS y se
utilizaron rasgos funcionales (biomasa, nivel trófico, hábitat y biometrías) de las especies más
abundantes en los tres períodos, para observar patrones de ensamblaje de la comunidad por ACP. Se
observaron incrementos en salinidad y transparencia desde 1980 a 2011 (25 y 28 UPS; 35 a 37%
respectivamente) y disminución de la biomasa de 2.3 veces la observada en 1980s. El ACP muestra que
en 2011 en la estructura lagunar predominan especies con niveles tróficos ≥ 3.5 y con preferencia de
hábitat marino y tolerancia estuarina. Así mismo, durante 1980 y 2011 el bagre Ariposis felis y pez globo
Sphoeroides testudineus, fueron especies muy abundantes en la comunidad, contrariamente al bagre
Cathorops melanopus cuya biomasa disminuyó en 97%. Se concluye que la laguna de Términos tiende a
la homogenización ambiental tornándose principalmente marino, provocando que las especies estuarinas
y de agua dulce probablemente migren hacía áreas más favorables, manifestándose cada vez más en una
disminución de la biomasa.
KEYWORDS: Terminos lagoon, Gulf of Mexico, hydrological changes, shift fish assemblage, structure
an function
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
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Improving Fishermen Awareness and Reducing the Impacts of Lobster Traps
on MPAs in the Florida Keys
Mejorando el Conocimiento de los Pescadores y Reduciendo el Impacto de las
Nasas de Langosta en las AMP de los Cayos de la Florida
Améliorer la Sensibilisation des Pêcheurs et de Ráduire les Impacts de Casiers à Homard
dans les AMP des Florida Keys
GABRIELLE RENCHEN* and THOMAS MATTHEWS
Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission, Fish and Wildlife Research Institute,
2796 Overseas Hwy., Suite 119, Marathon, Florida 33050 USA. *[email protected].
ABSTRACT
Trap fishing has been identified as one of the many sources of coral loss in the Florida Keys. To better
protect corals, State of Florida and Federal agencies have established Marine Protected Areas (MPAs)
that among other things, prohibit trap use within their borders. Some of the MPA boundaries are
delineated by buoys; some are not. Some are identified on nautical charts; some are not. We conducted
this study to determine if these different management approaches influenced the ability of trap fishermen
to recognize and avoid placing their traps within MPAs. We surveyed three types of MPAs to determine
the number of traps within them during September 2014, near the beginning and height of the lobster
fishing season. The vast majority of traps were found in MPAs that did not have physically marked
boundaries or information on nautical charts. We attached a courtesy notice to each trap buoy to inform
fishermen that their trap was inside a no-trap area. We quickly learned that many of the fishermen were
unaware that their traps were within a restricted area. Consequently, we mailed all lobster trap fishermen
information identifying these areas. Licensing and trap marking requirements in Florida facilitated our
educational efforts. We will repeat the same surveys during September 2015 to evaluate if our education
effort reduced the number of traps in the MPAs. Our research highlights the challenges of managing
MPAs and the value of having a licensing system for not only managing marine resources but also
bolstering communication with stakeholders.
KEYWORDS: MPAs, traps, spiny lobster, Panulirus argus, fisheries
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
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Information Gaps in the Trophic Roles of Caribbean Reef Fishes
Vacíos de Información en los Roles Tróficos de Peces Arrecifales del Caribe
Manque D'Information sur les Rôles Trophiques des Poissons Récifaux dans les Caraïbes
MARTHA PATRICIA RINCÓN-DÍAZ*1, SIMON PITTMAN
2, IVAN ARISMENDI
1,
MARK HIXON3, and SELINA HEPPELL
1
1Department of Fisheries and Wildlife, 104 Nash Hall, Oregon State University,
Corvallis, Oregpm 97331 USA. *[email protected]. 2NOAA – Biogeography Branch, 1305 East West Highway, Silver Spring, Maryland 20910 USA.
3Department of Biology, University of Hawaii at Manoa, 2538 McCarthy Mall,
Edmondson Hall, Room 216. Honolulu, Hawaii 96822 USA.
ABSTRACT
Understanding the ecological roles that fishes play in trophic relationships of coral reef systems depends
on our knowledge of fish trophic ecology and ability to detect changes in community composition and
function. The functional redundancy of fishes in different habitats is highly influenced by species
composition, ontogenic shifts in diets, and species-specific feeding behavior as demonstrated by
different patterns of habitat use across life stages. To better understand trophic structure in fish
communities associated to coral reefs, we conducted an extensive literature review of trophic functional
traits of 274 fish species in the U.S. Caribbean. Fish traits were extracted for juvenile and adult stages
separately and selected based on: ontogenic diet shifts, habitat use for feeding, vertical habitat
association, social feeding behavior, and trophic location in the food web. These traits were applied to
fish community data collected by NOAA‟s Coral Reef Ecosystem Monitoring and Assessment project
(2001 and 2013). Presence and absence of functional traits were recorded because differences in trait
measurements among studies were expected. Our findings showed that adult stages had a better
description of traits than juveniles. Vertical habitat association for adults (92%) and diet shifts for
juveniles (9%) were the best recorded traits. Habitat use for adults (61%) and feeding behavior of
juveniles (1%) were the poorest ones. Significant gaps in knowledge of trophic roles of juvenile fishes
represent an urge to increase research on their function. We provide recommendations for research to
address these gaps and to use this dataset for functional diversity analysis.
KEYWORDS: Gaps, trophic roles, fish life stages, functional redundancy, functional traits
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
221
Spatial Changes in Fish Functional Diversity in the U.S. Caribbean
Cambios Espaciales de la Diversidad Funcional Íctica en el Caribe Estadounidese
Changement de la Distribution Spatiale de la Diversité Fonctionnelle
des Poissons dans les Caraïbes (U.S.)
MARTHA PATRICIA RINCÓN-DÍAZ*1, SIMON PITTMAN
2, IVAN ARISMENDI
1,
MARK HIXON3, and SELINA HEPPELL
1
1Department of Fisheries and Wildlife,104 Nash Hall, Oregon State University,
Corvallis, Oregon 97331 USA. *[email protected]. 2NOAA – Biogeography Branch, 1305 East West Highway, Silver Spring, Maryland 20910 USA.
3Department of Biology, University of Hawaii at Manoa, 2538 McCarthy Mall,
Edmondson Hall, Room 216. Honolulu, Hawaii 96822 USA.
ABSTRACT
Studies on fish functional diversity have rarely considered the ecological roles of reef fishes during
different life stages, which are influenced by ontogenic shifts in diet, habitat use, and distribution. Here,
we investigate functional diversity as an ecological response metric to understand spatiotemporal
patterns and processes that influence the functional organization of fish assemblages on U.S Caribbean
coral reefs. We focused on the different roles that fishes play as juveniles and adults. Functional
diversity quantifies the relative magnitude of similarities and differences among species based on the
value and range of their functional, morphological and behavioral traits. This metric allows us to identify
the niche space for each species by considering both trait redundancy and relative species abundance.
Functional diversity does not clump species within a guild, as species richness of trophic groups do, but
instead captures the variability in species traits. We considered the spatial ontogenic shifts of both
juvenile and adult fishes and their traits related to use of habitat-specific food resources. We evaluated
changes in fish functional diversity inside the Marine Protected Area Buck Island Reef National
Monument in the U.S. Virgin Islands. We provide insights about the variability in functional diversity
analysis by considering fish life stages and quality of functional trait information. Our approach is
transferable and it can be applied to similar assessments elsewhere in the Caribbean.
KEYWORDS: Functional diversity, trophic function, life stages, traits, marine protected areas
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
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Fishery-dependent Data Collection: Options for Every Fishery Manager
Recolección de Datos Dependiente de la Pesca: Opciones para cada Gerente de Pesca
Collecte des Données Dépendant de la Pêche: Options pour Chaque Gestionnaire de Pêche
RYAN RINDONE*1, GREG STUNZ
2, and CHARLES STEINBACK
3
1Gulf of Mexico Fishery Management Council, 2203 North Lois Avenue, Suite 1100,
Tampa, Florida 33607 USA. *[email protected]. 2Harte Research Institute for Gulf of Mexico Studies, Texas A&M University at Corpus Christi,
6300 Ocean Drive, Corpus Christi, Texas 78412 USA. 3Point 97– An Ecotrust Company, 721 NW 9th Avenue, Suite 200, Portland, Oregon 97209 USA.
ABSTRACT
For those fisheries managers with limited resources (financial, human, and/or others), managing costs
against data needs is a continuing struggle. Fishery-dependent data collection programs can often be
much more affordable than fishery-independent data collection programs. Though fishery-dependent
data require validation, and are typically associated with high coefficients of variance, they can still
provide plenty of useful information for making informed management decisions. Presented are a
variety of methods and resources available based on the capabilities of the fishery management body,
such as a governmental entity. These methods are grouped into three categories: low, medium, and high
cost; with the “cost” metric referring to the qualitative amount of resources necessary to successfully
implement a method. The purpose of this information is to highlight options available to fishery
managers for informing fisheries management decisions.
KEYWORDS: Management, data, efficiency, fisheries
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
223
Filling Critical Information Gaps in Data-poor Fisheries:
Preliminary Age, Growth, and Reproduction in Queen Triggerfish
Llenando Vacíos de Información Críticos en la Pesquería con Poca Cantidad de Datos:
Información Preliminar sobre la Edad, el Crecimiento y la Reproducción en el Peje Puerco Reina
Combler Les Lacunes Dans L'information De Pêche : Âge Préliminaire, Croissance Et
Reproduction Du Baliste Royal
JESÚS RIVERA-HERNÁNDEZ*1, VIRGINIA SHERVETTE
2,
NOEMI PEÑA1, and RICHARD APPELDOORN
1
1Department of Marine Sciences, University of Puerto Rico, Mayagüez Campus, P.O. Box 9000
Mayaguez, Puerto Rico 00681 USA. *[email protected]. 2Fish/Fisheries Conservation LabUniversity of South Carolina – Aiken,
472 University Parkway, Aiken, South Carolina 29801 USA. 3Puerto Rico Department of Natural and Environmental Resources,
P.O. Box 3665, Mayaguez, Puerto Rico 00681 USA. USA
ABSTRACT
Queen Triggerfish Balistes vetula has been utilized as an important foodfish in the Caribbean for more
than a century. Based the most currently available landings data (total pounds landed), Queen
Triggerfish ranks 2nd in importance for the St. Thomas/St. John commercial fisheries, 7th for St. Croix,
and 9th for Puerto Rico. A recent stock assessment for Queen Triggerfish in U.S. Caribbean waters
determined that due to data limitations (including the lack of current species-specific life history
information) projections for future stock status could not be constructed. The purpose of our study is to
provide this critical life history information for this fisheries species. To-date, we have collected and
processed 335 Queen Triggerfish samples from fisheries-dependent and -independent sources ranging in
size from 175-433 mm fork length (FL). The overall female-to-male ratio is 1:0.9 and the mean sizes of
females and males were 280 and 298 mm FL, respectively. Currently, the accepted structure for aging
Balistes species is the first dorsal spine due to a past mis-identification of which otoliths were the sagittal
pair and the moderate difficulty in obtaining triggerfish otoliths. However, in our study, we have had
success in collecting sagittal otoliths for this species and estimating ages using otoliths in order to
compare with the estimates from the dorsal spines.
KEYWORDS: Life history, triggerfish, batch spawning, data-poor fisheries
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
224
A Species Distribution Model of the Invasive Lionfish Population (Pterois spp.) in Bermuda
Modelo de la Distribución de las Poblaciones de las Especies Invasoras
de Peces León (Pterois spp.) en Las Bermudas
Un Modèle De Ditribution De La Population De Poissons-Lions Invasifs (Pterois
Spp.) Aux Bermudes
STUART ROBERTSON*1 and TIMOTHY NOYES
2
1Environment Department, University of York, University Road,
York, Yorkshire YO10 5DD United Kingdom. *[email protected]. 2Bermuda Institute of Ocean Sciences, 17 Biological Station, Ferry Reach, St. Georges GE01 Bermuda.
ABSTRACT
The Pacific lionfish (Pterois spp.) invaded the Western Atlantic through an anthropogenic introduction
off the coast of Florida in the mid 1980s. It is widely regarded as having the potential to become one of
the most ecologically and economically harmful marine invasions to date. Lionfish were first observed in
Bermuda‟s waters in 1999. Despite this, the true distribution of the lionfish population across Bermuda‟s
reef systems is still unknown. This information is vital for effective management programs. This
research attempts to address this lack of knowledge through the generation of a species distribution
model (SDM) based on known lionfish presence locations and various environmental predictors.
Approximately 330 presence-only lionfish observations were generated from a wider fish community
census of Bermuda‟s mesophotic coral ecosystems (MCEs) and the Bermuda Government‟s lionfish
catch data. Environmental predictor layers (depth, temperature, benthic habitat and slope) were
generated using ESRI ArcGIS 10.3.1. The lionfish SDM was generated using MaxEnt software 3.3.3.
MaxEnt is a software package primarily used for species distribution and environmental niche
modelling. The R Project dismo package 1.0-12 provided an interface between ArcGIS and MaxEnt.
Evaluation of the model consistently returns an AUC (Area Under Curve) score above 0.75. This model
is the first of its kind for Bermuda and not only has the capability to model lionfish but serves as a
platform for future species distribution models. It is anticipated these preliminary efforts will become a
vital tool for more effective marine spatial management and Pterois spp. eradication programs.
KEYWORDS: Lionfish, modeling, Bermuda, MaxEnt
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
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Fish and Fisher Behaviour Influence the Vulnerability of Groupers (Epinephelidae)
to Fishing at a Multispecies Spawning Aggregation Site
Influencia del Comportamiento del Pez y del Pescador en la Vulnerabilidad de los Meros
(Epinephelidae) Capturados en un Sitio de Agregación Reproductivo Multiespecífico
Comportement des Poissons et Pêcheur Influent sur la Vulnérabilité des Mérous
(Epinephelidae) à la Pêche sur un Site D‟agrégation de Frai Multiespèces
JAN ROBINSON*, NICHOLAS GRAHAM, JOSHUA CINNER, and PETER WALDIE
ARC Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies,James Cook University, 1 James Cook Drive,
Townsville, Queensland 4811 Australia. *[email protected].
ABSTRACT
Exploitation of spawning aggregations is a major contributor to extinction risk in numerous species of
grouper (Epinephelidae). Where the protection of multispecies spawning sites using marine reserves is
socioeconomically or culturally unviable, effective management requires an understanding of how
species vary in their vulnerability to fishing gears and respond to changes in fishing effort. Using an
example from a multispecies aggregation site in the Indo-Pacific, we demonstrate that, despite having
similar aggregation abundances, species of grouper may vary several fold in their vulnerability to capture
by hook-and-line gear due to different competitive capabilities for bait. Contrasting with the common
assumption of a proportional relationship, CPUE is typically unrelated to aggregation size. However,
CPUE was inversely related to the density of fishing effort at the site, with gear saturation identified as
the likely mechanism for this effect. The sources of variation in CPUE that we identify therefore have
implications for gear-based management, which must be based on understanding of gear selectivity for
aggregating species, and fishing effort controls, which must consider the potential for effort-dependent
patterns in catchability. Our results are interpreted in relation to multispecies spawning aggregation sites
in the tropical western Atlantic.
KEYWORDS: Spawning aggregations, CPUE, catchability, fisheries management, conservation
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
226
Sustainable Seaweed: Could This be the Next Big Thing?
Alga Marina Sostenible: ¿Podría ser la Próxima Gran Cosa?
Sustainable Algues : Peut-être la Prochaine Grande Chose?
JULIANNE ROBINSON* and SELENI CRUZ
The Nature Conservancy, 13 Garden City Plaza, Belmopan City, Belize. *[email protected].
ABSTRACT
Beliz\'s fisheries, like so many around the world, are in decline. The cumulative impacts of climate
change, coastal development and unsustainable fishing practices threatens the viability of the isheries
industry and the livelihoods of people who depend on it. Fishers are finding it harder to secure stable
incomes, resulting in increased fishing pressure, and thus, further aggravating the situation. The Nature
Conservancy has been working closely with the Placencia Producers Cooperative Society Limited
(PPCSL), a fishing cooperative, in piloting sustainable seaweed farming that employs fishers and women
in the community. Sustainable seaweed farming has the potential of being a part of the solution for
fishers and fish alike. Belizean fishers have traditionally harvested seaweed while fishing as
supplemental income to the traditional catch of lobster, conch and finfish. In addition to providing
additional income for fishers, sustainable seaweed farms provide habitat for coral, conch and lobster
recruitment and may promote replenishment and restoration. Through an agreement with the
Government of Belize, seaweed farms are set aside as no-fishing (no-take) areas with the exception of
harvesting seaweed allowing for protection of nursery sites for conch and lobster. The scheme has
proven to have the potential for scaling up, providing sustainable livelihoods while also aiding in
restoring commercially important species. This model protects biodiversity, promotes food security and
diminishes climate vulnerability of fishing communities
KEYWORDS: Sustainable seaweed, seaweed aquculture, sustainable livelihoods, Belize, replenishment
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
227
Characterization of Shark Fishing in Panama
Caracterización de la Pesca de Tiburones en Panamá
Caractérisation de la Pêche au Requin à Panama
YEHUDI NAFISA RODRÍGUEZ ARRIATTI* and SAYMIRETH ALVARADO
Universidad de Panamá, La Boca, Panama. *[email protected].
ABSTRACT
Artisanal shark and ray fisheries in Panama have expanded rapidly in the past 20 years while co-
occurring with a dearth in taxa-specific biological and fisheries information. In the year 2000 fisheries
increasingly targeted neonate and juvenile sharks, notably following a shortage of fin-fish in 2007 that
led fishermen to translate their fishing effort to sharks. Studies on the status of shark resources in the
Caribbean are increasingly necessary due to the lack of information on shark fishing compounded by the
migration of shark fishermen from the Pacific to the Caribbean coast. Panama‟s national Law No. 9 that
bans shark finning from 2006 has been ineffective. From 2009 to 2011 landings from artisanal boats in
seven different fishing communities were sampled to characterize the scope and species-specific targets
of shark fishing. Data on fishing gear and methods as well as catch composition were recorded. Gillnets
and handlines were considered gears of choice with bottom gillnets as gear used in 80% of catches, and
surface gillnets accounted for 17% of catches. A total of 3,049 sharks belonging to least 21 species and
one ray species were recorded. Catch composition was dominated by Sphyrna lewini (68% of catch),
followed by Rhizoprionodon longurio (15%), Mustelus henlei (6%) and Dasyatis longa (3%). The over
representation of neonate and juvenile sharks in catches, notably of Sphyrna lewini, suggests that
fisheries target nursery areas. The trajectory and management of shark fisheries along the Panama‟s
Caribbean coast will be discussed in relation to regional agreements and international conventions.
KEYWORDS: Sharks, artisanal fisheries, neonates and juveniles, bycatch
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
228
La Pesca del Pepino de Mar en Yucatan, Mexico y el Analisis del Recurso Desde su
Captura hasta su Comercializacion en Dos Cooperativas Pesqueras
Fishing in Yucatan, Mexico Sea Cucumber and Analysis of the Resource
From Capture to Marketing in Two Fishing Cooperatives
Pêche Des Holothuries Dans Le Yucatan, Mexique Et Analyse De La Ressource De La
Capture À La Commercialisation De Deux Coopératives De Pêche
LUIS ALFONSO RODRIGUEZ GIL*, CARLOS FRANCISCO REYES-SOSA,
JOSÉ LUIS GIORGANA-FIGUEROA, SARA NAHUAT-DZIB,
OCTAVIO ALEJANDRO MOLINA-DURAN, and ITURIEL ALBERTO PÉREZ-LÓPEZ
Instituto Tecnológico de Mérida, Km. 5 Carretera a Progreso, Mérida, Yucatán 97118 México.
RESUMEN
La pesca del pepino de mar Isostichopus badionotus en el estado de Yucatán se inició con pesca de
fomento y en la actualidad es una pesquería comercial. Los primeros permisos de pesca de fomento se
otorgaron en el 2000 y los de pesca comercial se otorgaron a partir del 2013 con vigencia de dos años,
mismos que fueron renovados en el año 2015. Estos permisos están sujetos a la Carta Nacional Pesquera
2012, donde se mencionan las generalidades, indicadores de la pesquería, esfuerzo pesquero,
lineamientos y estrategias de manejo del recurso; así como a la Norma NOM-009-PESC-1993 para
determinar las épocas y zonas de veda. Sin embargo, aun teniendo los permisos de pesca, los períodos de
pesca y vedas se establecen cada año, de acuerdo a la disponibilidad del recurso conforme a la opinión
técnica del INAPESCA. Se analizaron los períodos de pesca de fomento y comercial para la costa de
Yucatán, en cuanto a cuotas de captura del año 2006 al 2014 y se observa la disminución desde el año
2010 de 1675 T a 860 T en el 2012 en la pesca de fomento y en la pesca comercial de 2498 T en el 2013
a 612 T en el 2015 en la primera temporada y ampliación del periodo de pesca. El número de
embarcaciones aumentó hasta estabilizarse en 429 embarcaciones en el 2014. Estos datos indican que el
recurso ha disminuido a pesar de los esfuerzos de las autoridades pesqueras, por lo que, para utilizar el
recurso de una manera eficiente y sustentable se analizaron las capturas de dos cooperativas pesqueras
enfocando cuatros aspectos: insumos, técnicas de cosecha, transformación y comercialización.
PALABRAS CLAVES: Pepino de mar, Isostichopus badionotus, cuotas de captura, pesca de fomento ,
pesca comercial
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
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Estado Actual de la Pesqueria del Mero en el Estado de Yucatan, Mexico
y Estrategia para la Recoleccion de Datos con Particpacion de Usuarios
Current Status of the Fishery of the Grouper in the State of Yucatan, Mexico,
and Strategy for the Collection of Data with Participation of Users
État Actuel de la Pêche de la Mérou dans L'état du Yucatan, au Mexique
et Stratégie pour la Collecte de Données avec la Participation des Utilisateurs
LUIS ALFONSO RODRIGUEZ GIL*, CARLOS FRANCISCO REYES-SOSA, JOSÉ LUIS
GIORGANA-FIGUEROA, SARA NAHUAT-DZIB, and ALEJANDRO ISAIAS TREJO-RAMOS
Instituto Tecnológico de Mérida, Km. 5 Carretera a Progreso, Mérida, Yucatán 97118 México
RESUMEN
El recurso mero es una de las principales pesquerías del estado de Yucatán que ha sido sustento
económico de los pescadores. Actualmente, existe una gran preocupación, porque, las capturas han
disminuido drásticamente, al tal grado que el 80 % de los barcos de la flota de mediana altura no salen a
la pesca y se requiere como mínimo de 1.5 T de captura para no tener pérdidas.De los arribos oficiales se
realizó un análisis de las tendencias anuales de las capturas en toneladas y de los precios/kg, así como la
captura por unidad de esfuerzo (CPUE). No se encuentra recuperación del mero y los precios debido a la
escases van en aumento ejerciendo más presión sobre el recurso al no respetar las medidas de manejo,
principalmente la talla minina.A pesar de que se ha efectuado un gran esfuerzo de parte de las
autoridades por recuperar la pesquería, está se encuentra en deterioro y el stock sobre-explotado. Se
recomienda antes de que la pesquería colapse lo siguiente: veda de tres meses en lugar de uno del 15 de
Enero al 15 de Abril, respetar talla mínima, moratoria para la pesca deportiva, realizar ordenamiento
sobre las embarcaciones e implementar un programa de retiro de embarcaciones. Existe también un
problema en el registro de las capturas en donde todas las especies de mero de la familia Serranidae
están incluidas en los reportes oficiales como mero. Es difícil saber la tendencia de las capturas por
especie. Por lo que, se propone es este trabajo un compromiso de participación con los usuarios de llenar
un formato de registro de captura por especie de la Familia Serranidae.
PALABRAS CLAVES: Pesquería, capturas de mero, formato de registro
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
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Characterization of the Coral Reef Community at Mahahual, Mexico
Caracterización de la Comunidad del Arrecife de Mahahual, México
Caractérisation de la Communauté dans le Récif de Corail Mahahual, Mexique
DIANA RODRÍGUEZ-BAQUERO, ERNESTO A. CHÁVEZ*,
AND ALEJANDRA CHÁVEZ-HIDALGO
CICIMAR-IPN Ave. IPN s/n Col.Playa Palo Sta. Rita La Paz,
Baja California 23096 Mexico. * [email protected]
ABSTRACT
The coral reef community of the Mahahual reef in the Mexican Caribbean was studied in the years 2005
to 2008. Result shows there was a change in the macrobenthic community, due to the impact of the
hurricane Dean in august 2007. In 2005 hexacorals and octocorals were the dominant groups, with
relative coverage 19% and 13%, respectively, when 69 species were recorded, highlighting hexacorals
with 25 species, 11 families and 14 genus, where Montastraea faveolata, Agaricia agaricites, M.
cavernosa, M. franksi, D. labyrynthiformis and Porites astreoides were dominant. Amongst octocorals,
15 species were recorded, where Pseudopterogorgia bipinnata, P. Americana, and Gorgonia ventalina
were dominant. In 2008 there was a reduction in the coverage of octocorals and hexacorals, while
sponges increased to 15%. Changes in macrobenthic coverage at the shallow reef were evident, revealing
a considerable decline of the biotic component due to abrasion, breaking dragging colonies and
fragments generated by hurricanes. The reef substrate was characterized by macro algae, which are
highly abundant in this reef due to multiple factors like coral mortality, increased nutrients and reduction
of herbivores. However, barren ground and coral recently dead increased their coverage in this reef and
constitute evidence of the strong impact of Hurricane Dean on this reef.
KEYWORDS: Mahahual reef, Hurricane Dean, hexacorals, octocorals, hexacorals
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
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Dinámica de la Pesquería Artesanal en el Archipiélago de San Andrés, Providencia
y Santa Catalina, Reserva de Biósfera Seaflower
Dinamic of the Artesanal Fishery in the Archipelago of San Andrés, Providence
and Santa Catalina, Biosphere Reserve Seaflower
Dynamique de la pêche artisanale dans l'archipel de San Andrés, Providence et Santa
Catalina, la Réserve de Biosphère de Seaflower
ANTHONY ROJAS*, CLARITZA LLANOS, SILVIA MONTOYA,
MALEGNE GARCIA, and FLOR SJOGREEN
Secretaria de Agricultura y Pesca, Av. Francisco Newball, Edif. Coral Palace,
San Andres Isla, San Andres, Colombia, *[email protected].
RESUMEN
El comportamiento de la captura total de peces, estimada en el período de 2004 a 2015 en San Andrés,
muestra que los volúmenes más altos, se presentaron entre el período 2007 - 2010, con valores
superiores a 200 t/año y el período 2008 - 2010, con volúmenes superiores a 100 t/año. El año en que se
registró la menor captura total, fue 2012, probablemente a causa de factores logísticos para el monitoreo,
ya que la captura promedio mensual, no estuvo por debajo de la captura promedio interanual. Durante el
año 2013, siguiente al fallo de la Corte Internacional de Justicia de la Haya, la captura promedio en San
Andrés, se redujo levemente, sin embargo para 2014, hubo un incremento, alcanzando valores superiores
a los estimados desde 2011. Las áreas de mayor captura corresponden a San Andrés (54,59%), Bolívar
(29,89%), Albuquerque (6,94%) y Meridiano 82 (6,73%). Dentro de estas áreas, Bolívar ha registrado
menores capturas a través de los años. A nivel general, se han registrado peces que pertenecen en
promedio a 56 especies, con un intervalo de 44 a 82 especies. El grupo de peces que registró la mayor
captura estimada interanual fue pelágico grande oceánico (37,32%), seguido por demersal somero
(23,94%). Los mayores volúmenes de captura corresponden a peces de la especie Black bonito Thunnus
atlanticus (34,36%), seguida por saltona roja Ocyurus chrysurus (10,63%), King fish Acanthocybium
solandri (9,26%), barracuda Sphyraena barracuda (9,02%). Se destaca el hecho de que a partir de 2012,
se han reducido significativamente las capturas de saltona roja.
PALABRAS CLAVES: Pesquería artesanal , captura total estimada, pelágicos, demersales,
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
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Working on Australia's Marine Protected Areas
Trabajando en las Areas Marinas Protegidas de Australia
Travailler sur les Aires Marines Protégées de L'Australie
MARTIN RUSSELL
Science & Conservation of Fish Aggregations (SCRFA), 212/88 Macquarie Street,
Teneriffe, Queensland 4005 Australia. [email protected]
ABSTRACT
Australia has an extensive network of marine protected areas including the iconic Great Barrier Reef
Marine Park and the Coral Sea Marine Reserve. I have been working on MPA management and
science for almost 20 years, including the rezoning of the Great Barrier Reef Marine Park and now
developing management for 40 new reserves in Australia's network of MPAs. From stakeholder liaison
to political negotiating, its a challenging area to work. As more emphasis is being placed on ways to help
maintain or restore the world's oceans, this presentation will provide some insights into MPA design,
issues, problems and solutions, helping to bridge the gap between the Pacific Ocean and the Gulf and
Caribbean region.
KEYWORDS: MPA, marine reserve, conservation, ocean
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
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Fish Spawning Aggregations: Let's Compare Pacific Ocean to the Gulf and Caribbean
Agregaciones Reproductivas de Peces:
Comparando el Océano Pacífico con el Golfo y el Caribe
Agrégations de Frai des Poissons:
Comparaisons Entre L'océan Pacifique Et Le Golfe Et Les Caraïbes
MARTIN RUSSELL
Science & Conservation of Fish Aggregations (SCRFA), 212/88 Macquarie Street,
Teneriffe, Queensland 4005 Australia. [email protected]
ABSTRACT
Are there differences or similarities between the Pacific Ocean and the Gulf and Caribbean region? We
know that fish spawning aggregations occur throughout the worlds oceans and there seems to be
variations between species and regions. Science and Conservation of Fish Aggregations (SCRFA) is
compiling information on these aggregations in a global database, which now holds over 1000
records. Through analysis of records in the Pacific Ocean and the Gulf and Caribbean region, we can
now compare what fish spawn where and how.
KEYWORDS: Fish, spawn, aggregation
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
234
Equivalent Management Challenges from Caribbean and
Pacific Colombian Small-Scale Fishing Communities
Equivalentes Retos de Manejo Pesquero en Comunidades de
Pescadores Artesanales del Caribe y Pacifico Colombiano
Défis De Gestion Des Pêches Équivalents Entre Les Communautés Des Pêcheurs
Artisanaux Dans La Caraïbe Et Le Pacifique Colombien
LINA M. SAAVEDRA-DÍAZ*1, ANDREW ROSENBERG
2, and ROBERT POMEROY
3
1Universidad del Magdalena, Carrera 32 No. 22 – 08, Santa Marta, Magdalena 470006 Colombia.
*[email protected]. 2Center for Science & Democracy, Union of Concerned Scientists,
2 Brattle Square, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138 USA. 3University of Connecticut-Avery Point – Agricultural and Resource, Room 380 - Marine Science
Building, 1080 Shennecossett Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340-6048 USA.
ABSTRACT
This is a first approach to understanding commonalities and variations found among small-scale coastal
and marine fishing communities in Colombia from the Caribbean and Pacific coasts. Here are presented
features of nine examples of fishing communities that directly affect or indirectly influence the outcome
of fisheries management, organized in terms of: 1. Geographical, political, and demographic features; 2.
Environmental and territorial features; 3. Fishing methods and equipment; 4. Living conditions; and 5.
Marketing and economic relationships. A synthetic overview of a sector that was little known from a
national perspective, this research makes possible a close understanding of the social, economic, cultural
and environmental factors shaping Colombian marine Fishermen. These nine communities illustrate the
wide range of conditions characteristic of each eco-region. Taken together creates an exceptionally rich
general picture of artisanal fishing at the national level (with the exception of communities located in
marine protected areas and on islands). This high variety supports a regional categorization, although
differences and similarities across Caribbean and Pacific communities do not always break down
geographically. The wide variety of fishing activities and social conditions presented in this study
enhance the need of taking local, regional, coastal and national perspectives into account, rather than
continuing to craft management plans based on a single sector with general features.
KEYWORDS: Fishery management, small-scale fisheries, fishing communities
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
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The Last Quota of Queen Conch (Strombus gigas), Prior to the Decree of Ban for Five
Years in the Biosphere Reserve Banco Chinchorro (RBBCH) Mexican Caribbean
Ùltima Cuota de Caracol Rosado (Strombus gigas), Previo al Decreto de Veda por Cinco
Años en la Reserva de la Biosfera Banco Chinchorro (RBBCh), Caribe Mexicano
Dernier quota de lambi (Strombus gigas) avant le décret de fermeture pendant cinq ans
dans la Réserve de Biosphère de Banco Chinchorro (RBBCH), Caraïbes Mexicaine
MIGUEL MATEO SABIDO-ITZÁ* and ALEJANDRO MEDINA-QUEJ
Instituto Tecnológico de Chetumal, Av. Insurgentes N° 303, Chetumal, Quintana Roo 77086 México.
ABSTRACT
The queen conch (Strombus gigas), is one of the most important and high ecological and cultural value
in the Caribbean fisheries. However, due to their biological characteristics and high market demand, has
been affected by overfishing. In Mexico until 2012 the only place where the extraction of this resource is
allowed by quotas was in Banco Chinchorro. On 20 November the same year, by impulse the fishermen
to protect their resources, was published in the Official Gazette, the temporary ban for 5 years. In the
present study an analysis of the catches of queen conch in RBBCH was performed during the last season
2011-2012, registering a total sample of 4021 organisms whose sizes ranged from 100 mm to 308 mm
LS; (Mean ± SD = 213.9 ± 21.7 mm LS). The main modal group found in the size distribution was of
200 - 229 mm LS. It should be mentioned that 23% of the organisms were below the minimum landing
size (< 21 cm). Through CPUE, 10 major catchment areas were identified. Finally it was observed that
on average each boat used four fishermen for 4.43 hours a day, consuming 27.7 liters of gasoline for
77.6 kg of queen conch pulp. The results presented here contribute to the knowledge of this fishery for
sustainable resource management.
KEYWORDS: Banco Chinchorro, queen conch, sustainable management, CPUE
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
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The Fisheries Sector, an Important Ally in Shares of Control and Monitoring of the
Invasive Lionfish (Pterois volitans) in Marine Protected Areas in the Mexican Caribbean
El Sector Pesquero, un Importante Aliado en las Acciones de Control y Monitoreo del Pez
León Invasor (Pterois volitans) en Áreas Marinas Protegidas del Caribe Mexicano
Le Secteur de la Pêche, un Allié Important dans des Actions de Contrôle
et de Surveillance du Poisson-Lion Envahissantes (Pterois volitans)
dans les Aires Protégées Marines Caraïbes Mexicaines
MIGUEL MATEO SABIDO-ITZÁ*1, ALEJANDRO MEDINA-QUEJ
1,
CARMEN AMELIA VILLEGAS-SÁNCHEZ1, and JORGE MANUEL GÓMEZ-POOT
2
1Instituto Tecnológico de Chetumal, Av. Insurgentes N° 303, Chetumal, Quintana Roo 77013 México.
*[email protected]. 2Comisión Nacional de Areas Naturales Protegidas – Reserva de la Biosfera Banco Chinchorro,
Av. Insurgentes N° 445, Chetumal, Quintana Roo 77039 México.
ABSTRACT
The first record of lionfish (Pterois volitans) in the Biosphere Reserve Banco Chinchorro (RBBCH) as
well as in Xcalak Reef National Park was in 2009. Since then the density and distribution of this species
have been increasing. However, due to the extension and remoteness of the mentioned reefs, large
financial investment and human resources are required for the control and monitoring of lionfish. This
study analyzed the importance of the fisheries sector in such activities. Between 2009 and 2014, a 14x
increase in catch per unit effort (CPUE) was recorded, from 0.10 to 1.47 fish/fisher/hour, by means of
freediving. Additionally, in the RBBCH a group of fishermen was trained for the catch using scuba
diving; thus in 2012 and 2013 CPUE was 23.2 and 18.6 fish/diver/hour, respectively. These efforts were
focused on areas related to higher abundances. Furthermore, this collaboration allowed the analysis of
594 stomachs, with an emptiness ratio of 19%; 13 fish families were identified, which constituted 62%
of the diet, while 37% of it were crustaceans and 0.2% mollusks. Finally, interviews with fishers showed
that everyone knows the problem and contribute to the catches during daily work, besides, a high
percentage also use this product for consumption and lobster food, although do not rule out the
possibility of marketing it to local restaurants. Our results demonstrate the active participation of the
fisheries sector and hence the need for their inclusion in the monitoring and control strategies at the local
level.
KEYWORDS: Lionfish, fisheries sector, CPUE, Mexican Caribbean, Marine Protected Area
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
237
Pattern of Recovery in a Multi-species Grouper Spawning Aggregation:
Lessons Learned and Implications for Monitoring and Management
Restablecimiento de una Agregacion Reproductiva de Tres Especies de Mero:
Lecciones y Implicaciones para Manejo y Monitoreo
Retablissement d'un Rassemblement de Frai de Trois Especes de Merou:
Lecons Apprises et les Implications pour la Gestion et Surveillance
YVONNE SADOVY*1and ASAP BUKURROU
2
1University of Hong Kong, Society for the Conservation of Reef Fish Aggregations,
School of Biological Sciences, Pok Fu Lam Road, Hong Kong, 0000 China. *[email protected]. 2Palau Conservation Society, Palau, Palau.
ABSTRACT
A multi-species grouper spawning aggregation located in a protected area in Palau, western Pacific, has
been variously under protection for many years and monitored sporadically since the 1990s. Inconsistent
and inappropriate monitoring protocols, however, made it impossible to meaningfully follow changes in
numbers of groupers aggregating over time while limited enforcement meant that poaching continued.
Not surprisingly, there was little indication of recovery of the once large aggregations of squaretailed
coral grouper (Plectropomus areolatus), camouflage (Epinephelus polyphekadion) and brown-marbled
(E. fuscoguttatus) groupers. The introduction of a robust underwater visual sampling protocol on 2009
and improved monitoring during the aggregation season since that time resulted in clear signs of
recovery in one grouper after 5 years, consistent with differences in the biology among the three species.
Lessons learned for monitoring and management from this case study will be shared and implications for
protection highlighted.
KEYWORDS: Grouper, spawning, aggregation, monitoring, management
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
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Distribución y Abundancia de Larvas Veliger de Strombus gigas
(Linnaeus, 1758) en el Mar Caribe
Distribution and Abundance of Veliger Larvaes of Strombus gigas
(Linnaeus, 1758) in the Caribbean Sea
Distribution et Abondance des Larves Véligères de Strombus gigas
(Linnaeus, 1758) dans la Mer du Caraïbe
MANUEL SANCHEZ*1, HAZEL OXENFORD
2, OLIVIER GROS
3,
JEANNETTE MATEO4, GRACIELA GARCÍA-MOLINER
5 ,
ALBERTO DE JESÚS NAVARRETE6, and DALILA ALDANA1 ARANDA
1
1CINVESTAV IPN – Departamento de Recursos del Mar, Antigua carretera a Progreso KM.6,
Mérida, Yucatan 97310 Mexico. *[email protected]. 2CERMES – University of of the West Indies, Cave Hill Campus, Bridgetown, Barbados.
3Université des Antilles et de la Guyane, BP 250, Pointe-à-Pitre, Guadeloupe 97159 France.
4Consejo Dominicano de Pesca y Acuicultura, Grupo Jaragua, Inc., Edif. Secretaría de Agricultura,
Los Jardines del Norte c/el Vergel # 33 El Vergel,
Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic. 5Caribbean Fishery Management Council, 268 Muñoz Rivera Avenue, Suite 1108,
San Juan, Puerto Rico 00918-1920 USA. 6El Colegio de la Frontera Sur, Av. Centenario km 5.5, Chetumal, Quintana Roo 79000 México.
ABSTRACT
To determine the distribution and abundance of veliger larvae of queen conch, Strombus gigas
(Linnaeus, 1758) around the Caribbean sea, larvae were sampled in Banco Chinchorro (Mexico), Puerto
Morelos (Mexico), Florida and Puerto Rico (USA), Dominic Republic, French West Indies and
Barbados from July to September 2014. The surface plankton samples were collected by oblique hauls
with a conical net of 30-cm diameter, and 200 µm of mesh size in six sites for each locality. The samples
were analyzed following the methodology of Davis et al., (1993), and the Kruskal Wallis tests was used
to assess the statistical significance among the sampling periods. We found a total of 155 larvae of S.
gigas. The major abundance was observed in Barbados during July (18.88 larvae 10/m3). Maximum
average size of larvae was 510.33 µm in September and the minimum average size was 329.35 µm, in
July. Abundance of larvae was significant different among months. However, no significant difference
was found between average sizes and months.
KEYWORDS: Abundance, larvae, veliger, Strombus, gigas
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
239
Dieta del Pez León (Pterois volitans) en la Isla de Providencia, Caribe Colombia
Lionfish (Pterois volitans) Diet in Old Providence Island, Colombian Caribbean
Régime Alimentaire de la Rascase Volante (Pterois volitans)
sur L'île de la Providencia, Caraïbes Colombien
MIRLA SÁNCHEZ*1, LUIS ORLANDO DUARTE
1, ERICK CASTRO
2, and ANTHONY ROJAS
2
1Universidad del Magdalena, Carrera 32 #22-08, Santa Marta, Colombia. *[email protected].
2Gobernación de San Andrés, Providencia y Santa Catalina, Secretaría de Agricultura y Pesca,
San Avenida Francisco Newball No. 6-30, Edificio Coral Palace, San Andrés, Providencia, Colombia.
RESUMEN
El pez león (Pterois volitans) se ha dispersado a lo largo del Caribe colombiano debido a su rápido
crecimiento poblacional trayendo como resultado una reducción drástica en la abundancia de peces
arrecifales. Es un depredador muy activo y voraz que se alimenta desde organismos pequeños hasta
algunos considerados grandes en relación con su tamaño. Esta circunstancia representa una gran
preocupación para aquellos sectores que utilizan los recursos marinos, debido a que es una amenaza para
la biodiversidad íctica. Con el fin de evaluar cualitativa y cuantitativamente la dieta del pez león (Pterois
volitans) en la isla de Providencia (Caribe de Colombia) y explorar el efecto que este pez invasor puede
tener sobre los recursos nativos de importancia comercial se analizaron los contenidos estomacales de
163 individuos. En los estómagos del pez león se cuantifico un total de 391 presas, siendo identificados
seis grupos de presas: decápodos, peces, crustáceos, moluscos, cnidarios y huevos. Entre los peces se
encontraron nueve familias: Engraulidae, Apogonidae, Grammatidae, Labridae, Pomacentridae,
Serranidae, Paralichthyidae, Monacanthidae y Gobiidae, siendo esta última familia la de mayor índice de
importancia relativa. Coryphopterus sp. (Gobiidae) representó la mayor cantidad de individuos en una
muestra. Se encontraron algunas presas en periodo de reproducción como Thalassoma bifasciatum
(Labridae). Se hallaron 142 decápodos correspondientes a cinco familias: Palaemonidae, Penaeidae,
Portunidae, Sergestidae y Solenoceridae; 2 estomatopodos, dentro de los que se destaca la familia
Gonodactylidae, 1 poecilostomatoida, 3 cnidarios de la clase Anthozoa, 8 moluscos de las clases
Bivalvia, Gastropoda y Polyplacophora.
PALABRAS CLAVES: Pterois volitans, ecología trófica, biodiversidad íctica, invasión biológica,
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
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Acoustic Patterns of Black Grouper, Mycteroperca bonaci,
Spawning Aggregations in South Florida and Puerto Rico
Patrones Acusticos de la Agregación de Desove del Mero Negro,
Mycteroperca bonaci, en Puerto Rico y el Sur de Florida
Modèles Acoustiques de Mérou Noir, Mycteroperca bonaci, Aggrégations
de Reproducteurs dans Puerto Rico et la Sud de la Florida
PHILLIP SANCHEZ
University of Puerto Rico – Mayaguez, 4404 SW 20th Lane,
Gainesville, Florida 32607 USA. [email protected].
ABSTRACT
Black grouper, Mycteroperca bonaci, are large protogynous hermaphrodites in the Family
Epinephelidae. In the Caribbean, Gulf of Mexico and South Florida they form transient seasonal
spawning aggregations in the winter and spring, with spawning timing influenced by lunar and solar
periodicities. Considered shallow water species throughout their range, black groupers are exclusively
found in mesophotic reefs around the island of Puerto Rico. Two small aggregations have recently been
identified off the west coast of Puerto Rico, one at Bajo de Sico, an isolated seamount, and a second off
the southwest coast of Mona Island. Passive acoustic recorders were set at the two sites, over multiple
years, to quantify black grouper courtship associated calls (CAS) and compare them to lunar and solar
periodicities, water temperature, and tidal stage. A third spawning aggregation was monitored at Riley‟s
Hump in the Dry Tortugas South Ecological Reserve, geographically isolated from the Puerto Rican
shelf. The populations showed similar patterns across the three aggregations. Potential differences in
local calls were identified at the Dry Tortugas population. The formation of small, deep aggregations
combined with the moderately high frequency of sightings along deeper shelf areas suggest potential for
numerous undiscovered black grouper aggregations. Similar geomorphologies of the three sites indicate
specific physical characteristics can be used to help in aggregation identification.
KEYWORDS: Spawning aggregation, passive acoustics, grouper
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
241
Blood Biochemistry of the Wild Population of Red Snapper Lutjanus peru
(Nichols and Murphy, 1922) in the South Pacific of Mexico
Bioquímica Sanguínea de la Población Silvestre del Huachinango Lutjanus peru
(Nichols y Murphy, 1922) en el Pacífico sur de México
Biochimie du Sang de la Population Sauvage de Vivaneau Rouge Lutjanus peru
(Nichols et Murphy, 1922) dans le Pacifique Sud du Mexique
APOLINAR SANTAMARIA*1, MARTIN A. ROMAN-VEGA
1,
JUAN PABLO APUN-MOLINA1, and URFILA V. PELAEZ-ESTRADA
2
1Instituto Politecnico – Nacional CIIDIR, Sinaloa, Blvd. Luan De Dios Datiz Paredes No. 250,
Guasave, Sinaloa 81101 Mexico. *[email protected]. 2Instituto Tecnológico S/N Col. Dispensario C.P. 71600, Santiago Pinotepa Nacional, Oaxaca, Mexico.
ABSTRACT
The red snapper Lutjanus peru, is considered one of the most important species for both capture volumes
and its commercial and nutritional value. This study was to determine the haematological blood values
of red snapper in the Pacific south of Mexico. We captured 240 organisms during an annual cycle, by
sampling a pristine area and a non-pristine, capturing 30 organisms per sampling site and season.
Proteins were analyzed (Bradford method), cholesterol, triglycerides and glucose (Randox kit)
hematocrit (microhematocrit), and red blood cell count (RBC), white blood cells (WBC) and
thrombocytes (TBC) using a Neubauer camera the leukocyte was used Natt and Herrick solution. Were
calculated, gastric repletion index (GRI), hepatosomatic index (HI) and condition factor (K2). The result
of the fish of Pristine was: RBC 3.79 ± 0.88 x 106/mm • cells, WBC 10.6 ± 6.55 cells x 103/mm and
4.90 ± 3.84 cells TBC x 104/mm , Ht 37.96 ± 8.76%, glucose 60.06 ± 2.70 mg/dL, triglycerides 105.87 ±
6.85 mg/dL, cholesterol 215.13 ± 9.17 mg/dL, and protein 2.20 ± 1.04 g/dL. No Pristine was: RBC 3.53
± 1.33 x 106/mm• cells, WBC 3.20 ± 1.25 cells x 103/mm and 9.53 ± 5.16 cells TBC x 104/mm, Ht of
35.35 ± 13.5%, glucose 50.13 ± 2.84 mg/dL, triglycerides 76.40 ± 4.19 mg/dL, cholesterol 69.06 ± 4.17
mg/dL and protein 2.29 ± 0.18 g/dL. The hematological values of the species studied have variations
over an annual cycle, blood biochemical parameters showed large fluctuations, both between capture
sites and between seasons. It is that the analyzed fish at both sites in are an apparently healthy condition.
KEYWORDS: Blood , biochemistry, fish, Mexico
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
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Nuevas Contribuciones sobre la Reproducción y Desove del Caracol Strombus gigas
New Knowledge about Reproduction of Queen Conch Strombus gigas
Nouvelles Connaissances sur la Reproduction du Lambi, Strombus gigas
PABLO SANTANA* and DALILA ALDANA ARANDA
CINVESTAV – IPN, km 6 antigua Carretera a Progreso, Mèrida, Yucatan, Mèxico.
RESUMEN
La actividad reproductiva de S. gigas ha sido estudiada con el desarrollo gonádico con histología, con la
observación de hembras ovigeras y a través del numero de masas de huevos en el medio. Así algunos
autores han señalado que esta especie durante la época reproductiva puede desovar varias veces. Sin
embrago, Aldana Aranda et al. (2014) señalan que lo más probable es que las hembras tengan un solo
desove durante el periodo reproductivo. Con estos antecedentes, el presente trabajo estudió la actividad
reproductiva de S. gigas de manera directa con organismos vivos, muestreándose quincenalmente
mediante captura-marcaje-recaptura de febrero - diciembre 2013, de 8:00 a 18:00 horas. El desove se
observó de junio a septiembre (424 desoves), con un máximo de 40 desoves/día. El mayor número de
desoves se registró de las 10 – 11 horas (89 y 115 desoves, respectivamente) y un segundo pico por la
tarde. La mayoría de las hembras (63.7%) presentó un solo desove, con una periodicidad entre 1 - 5 días.
Sólo 0.3% de las hembras, tuvo hasta 5 desoves parciales en 32 días. Respecto a la duración del desove,
la media fue 7.2 ± 7.4 h (rango 0.06 - 31.3 horas). Con base en estos resultados, se concluye que las
hembras de S. gigas desovan una sola vez por temporada, siendo éste parcial con preferencia a desovar
por la mañana. Estos hallazgos ponen en evidencia que el esfuerzo reproductivo es menor a lo reportado
en la literatura y servirán para ajustar los modelos de su dinámica población y volumen de captura para
la conservación de esta especie.
KEYWORDS: Reproduction, spawning, queen conch, Strombus
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
243
Priorización de las Acciones de Manejo Sustentable para la Pesquería Artesanal
en la Reserva de Biosfera Seaflower, Caribe Colombiano
Priorization of Sustainable Management Actions of Artisanal Fisheries
in the Colombian Seaflower Biosphere Reserve, Caribbean
Prioriser les Actions pour une Gestion Durable de la Pêche Artisanale
dans la Réserve de Biosphère de Seaflower, Caraïbes Colombienne,
ADRIANA SANTOS-MARTÍNEZ*1, JOSÉ ERNESTO MANCERA PINEDA
2, ERICK CASTRO
GONZÁLEZ3, MARCELA SJOGREEN VELASCO
4, and HEINS CLAYTON BENT HOOKER
5
1Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Sede Caribe - San Luis Free Town,
San Andrés Archipiélago, Colombia. *[email protected]. 2Universidad Nacional de Colombia –Sede Bogotá, Facultad de Cienci,
Ciudad Universitaria, Bogotá, Colombia. 3Corporación para el Desarrollo Sostenible del Archipiélago de la Colombia.
4Departamento Archipiélago de San Andrés, San Andrés, Colombia.
5Ministerio del Medio Ambiente - División Mares, Bogotá, Colombia.
RESUMEN
Se analizaron y priorizaron acciones de manejo sustentable, entre interinstitucional y pescadores
artesanales en San Andrés isla, a partir del año 2012. Se estimó la producción y dinámica de la pesca, a
partir de desembarcos de los últimos ocho años y mediante talleres y técnicas de prospectiva, se
determinaron y valoraron acciones de manejo - importancia y gobernabilidad (IGO). Las capturas
fueron: 90% con línea de mano (Trolling) y 10% buceo a pulmón y los peces representaron el 95,3%,
langosta Panulirus argus el 0,8% y caracol Strombus gigas y Pulpo Octopus el 3,8%. La producción
anual estimada fue 243 toneladas (t/año). El esfuerzo promedio anual del trolling fue 4036 faenas/días y
la CPUE 44 kg/faena, con disminuciones desde 2008, con tendencia a sobrepesca. Ante la problemática
de la pesquería y con la participación de 32 pescadores y 14 funcionarios, se construyó un árbol de 14
problemas: causas y consecuencias, y soluciones: medios y objetivos, involucrando las dimensiones
natural, social, económica, política y sustentabilidad. El análisis IGO indicá que cuatro de 30 acciones
son estratágicas: cumplimiento de planes y compromisos, control de la pesca, creación de programas
para los pescadores y realizar investigaciones y formación a varios niveles. No obstante, los procesos
emergentes logrados con los pescadores e instituciones, cambiaron a raíz de las decisiones limítrofes de
la Corte Internacional de Justicia a favor de Nicaragua, y las acciones pasaron a 56 con prioridades hacia
el orden económico, afectando la gobernanza. Se requiere priorizar el manejo sustentable de Seaflower.
PALABRAS CLAVES: Manejo pesquero, pesca artesanal, priorización de acciones, importancia y
gobernanza, Reserva de Biosfera Seaflower
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
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A Search-matching Model of Fisheries
En la Búsqueda de un Modelo Adecuado para las Pesquerías
Un Modèle de Recherche et de Rencontre pour les Pêcheries
NICOLAS SANZ* and BASSIROU DIOP
Université de Guyane, 2091 route de Baduel Site de Troubiran, BP 792 Cayenne,
Guyane, France. *[email protected].
ABSTRACT
This paper studies the implications of fish search activities on the working of fisheries. We develop a
simple fishery matching model in which firms stochastic search for fish requires specific resources. The
equilibrium level of anthropic pressure (number of empty vessels/conserved fish stock) exerted by firms
on the fish stock is derived from their individual profit maximizing behavior. Anthropic pressure
determines in turn the rate at which vessels find fish i.e. catchability, which is therefore endogenous in
our model, and the stock conservation (uncaught fish) rate, through the dynamic equation of the latter.
We then show that under open access, equilibrium anthropic pressure, fishing effort and the conservation
rate mainly depend on search costs. An empirical study of the French Guiana shrimp fishery confirms
the ability of the model to reproduce empirical data.
KEYWORDS: Fisheries, search costs, bioeconomic matching model
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
245
Culturing the Four-sided Sea Cucumber, Isostichopus badionotus, in Bermuda:
A Tool for Conserving its Natural Populations
El Cultivo del Pepino de Mar, Isostichopus badionotus, en Bermuda:
Herramienta para su Conservación
Elevage du Concombre de Mer, Isostichopus badionotus, aux Bermudes:
Un Outil vers la Conservation des Populations Naturelles
SAMIA SARKIS
Department of Conservation Services, 40 North Shore Road, Flatts, FL04 Bermuda.
ABSTRACT
Increasing fishing pressure on the four-sided sea cucumber, Isostichopus badionotus, in the Wider
Caribbean Region warrants consideration of a more sustainable approach to satisfy export market
demand. Preliminary data on 1) the culture potential of its early life stages and 2) its function within the
coral reef ecosystem were obtained in Bermuda. Adaptation of bivalve larval techniques for rearing of I.
badionotus proved successful, and large scale larval culture techniques were tested using a flow-through
system. Survival and growth rates to the pentactula stage reared in the flow-through system are
compared with those obtained in a static system. In addition, laboratory experiments were conducted to
investigate the contribution of I. badionotus to calcium carbonate dissolution, required for coral growth.
Changes in Total alkalinity, DIC, Total ammonium and pH of surrounding water as a result of
bioturbation by I. badionotus were measured; the implications of these results for the species‟ potential
role in buffering changes in pH associated with increasing atmospheric CO2 are discussed. Culturing sea
cucumbers may well serve the two-fold purpose of supplying an increasing demand and conserving
natural populations and the ecosystem services they may provide.
KEYWORDS: Isostichopus badionotus, culture, Caribbean, bioturbation, conservation
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
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Temporal Variability in a Spawning Aggregation of Nassau Grouper (Epinephelus
striatus)
Variabilidad Temporal en una Agregacion de Desove del
Mero Cherna (Epinephelus striatus)
Variabilité Temporelle Dans Une Aggrégation De Reproducteurs De Mérous Rayés
(Epinephelus striatus)
MICHELLE SCHÄRER-UMPIERRE*1, KIMBERLY CLOUSE
2,
EVAN TUOHY2, and RICHARD APPELDOORN
2
1Caribbean Coral Reef Institute, P.O.Box 1442, Boqueron,
Puerto Rico 00622 USA. *[email protected]. 2Department of Marine Sciences, University of Puerto Rico,
P.O.Box 9000, Mayagüez, Puerto Rico 00680 USA.
ABSTRACT
Nassau grouper (Epinephelus striatus) reproduction occurs within annual spawning aggregations. The
few aggregations currently studied reflect temporal variability relative to monthly and lunar cycles.
Historically, aggregations formed near the full moon during December, January and February.
Biological, ecological and environmental factors may affect the timing and success of mass spawning
events. Measuring the variability of these over time is essential to develop and understand trends in such
short-lived, yet critical events. At Bajo de Sico, Puerto Rico, the temporal variability of spawning
aggregations was investigated with passive acoustics and rebreather-assisted surveys. Over 2013-2014,
temporal patterns of sound production were compared with the maximum abundance of groupers
surveyed. Three major peaks in sound production were observed in 2014, with only two in 2013, and
peaks occurred later than previously thought (none in December). These peaks were slightly distinct in
onset, duration and magnitude, generally occurring later in the lunar cycle in 2014. Positive, though
different correlations were observed for 2013 and 2014 between sound production and maximum
abundance. The shape of the sound production curves was equal during all peaks, with a sharp rise, small
dip and then maximum sound production within three or four days prior to the apparent spawning event,
with an immediate drop in sound production after the peak. Given that the maximum number of Nassau
grouper (100) estimated at the spawning aggregation was similar between years, the dynamics in sound
production at other aggregations of different sizes can now be compared with greater certainty.
KEYWORDS: Spawning , Nassau grouper, reef fish, Puerto Rico, acoustics
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
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Automating Fish Sound Recognition in Spawning Aggregations:
Application of Passive Acoustics in Fisheries
Reconocimiento Automatizado de los Sonidos de los Peces Durante Agregaciones
de Desove: Aplicación de Acústica Pasiva en las Pesquerías
Détection des sons Produits par les Poissons Pendant les Agrégations de frai:
Application de L'acoustique Passive aux Pêcheries
MICHELLE SCHÄRER-UMPIERRE*1, RICHARD APPELDOORN
2, ALI IBRAHIM
3,
NURGUN ERDOL3, HANQI ZHUANG
3, LAURENT CHERUBIN
4, and BING OUYANG
4
1Caribbean Coral Reef Institute, P.O.Box 1442,
Boqueron, Puerto Rico 00622 USA. *[email protected]. 2Department of Marine Sciences, University of Puerto Rico,
P.O. Box 9000, Mayagüez, Puerto Rico 00680 USA. 3Department of Computer and Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Florida Atlantic
University, 777 Glades Road, Boca Raton, Florida 33431 USA. 4Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institute – Florida Atlantic University,
5600 US 1 North, Fort Pierce, Florida 34946 USA.
ABSTRACT
In order to use passive acoustic methods in a greater range of marine fishery research applications the
sound signals produced by fish must be recognized efficiently. Fisheries independent research can
benefit from these techniques in the estimation of spawning stock indices. Recent advances in passive
acoustic methods have allowed monitoring of temporal patterns in the sounds associated with
reproduction after the fact; data become available to researchers once instruments have been recovered.
In order to apply passive acoustics on the large scale for real-time monitoring and to detect spawning
grounds across multiple species, automated species-specific sound recognition is necessary, where the
multiple sources of sound can be classified with confidence and efficiency. Challenges to studying the
soundscape include the biological, environmental and anthropogenic sources of „noise‟, variability in the
signals produced by a target species, probability of detection and transmission as well as the difficulties
associated with deploying electronic instruments at sea. The objective of this project is to develop
automated detection algorithms for sounds associated with the reproductive behaviors of groupers during
spawning aggregations. Two types of approaches have been started; speech recognition and sound
energy detection models. The results will help advance passive acoustics in multiple technological
applications to assess populations of soniferous species that also aggregate to spawn, such as groupers.
KEYWORDS: Acoustics, spawning, grouper, signal recognition,
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
248
Shipboard Observation of Pelagic Sargassum spp. Reveals Proliferation of a
Rare Form and Differences in Associated Mobile Fauna Community Structure
La Observación de de Sargassum a Bordo de una Embarcación Revela la Proliferación de
una Estructura Comunitaria Faunal Movil AsociadaPoco Común y Diferente
Les Observations De Sargassum Spp. Pélagiques Révèlent Une Prolifération D'une Forme
Rare Et Différences Dans La Structure De La Faune Mobile Associée
JEFFREY M. SCHELL*, AMY N.S. SIUDA, and DEBORAH S. GOODWIN
Sea Education Association, P.O. Box 6, Woods Hole, Massachusetts 02543 USA. *[email protected].
ABSTRACT
Here we present the first shipboard observations of the 2014/2015 Sargassum inundation event in the
Caribbean. We conducted twice daily surface net tows from November 2014 to May 2015 during three
SEA Semester® cruises onboard the SSV Corwith Cramer: Canary Islands to the Lesser Antilles,
Grenada to Puerto Rico, and Puerto Rico to New York City. Three morphological forms of pelagic
Sargassum spp. were routinely observed. Each Sargassum form exhibited a distinct geographic
distribution with greatest range overlap occurring among the Leeward Islands. Sargassum natans-I was
most abundant in the Sargasso Sea, while Sargassum fluitans-III showed low abundances across the
entire sample area; most surprising, S.natans-VIII, historically a rare form, constituted the majority of
Sargassum inthe Caribbean region. Dip nets of individual Sargassum clumps revealed significant
differences in mobile fauna abundance, species richness, and community composition among Sargassum
forms. Specifically, examination of the mobile fauna community demonstrated that S.natans-VIII is a
depauperate habitat in comparison to the more familiar forms, S.fluitans-III and S.natans-I. Densities
(#/g of Sargassum) of the crab Portunus sayi and the shrimp Latreutes fucorum and Leander tenuicornis
were significantly greater on S.fluitans-III than S.natans-VIII. The following species were observed on
S.fluitans-III yet noticeably absent from S.natans-VIII: the shrimp Hippolyte zostericola, the amphipods
Ampithoe longimana and Sunampithoe pelagica, the isopod Paradynamene benjamensis and the
flatworm Acerotisa notulata. This revelation has profound implications suggesting negative economic
impacts of the recent Sargassum inundation event may not be balanced by ecological benefits often
attributed to pelagic Sargassum habitat.
KEYWORDS: Sargassum natans I, Sargassum natans VIII, Sargassum fluitans III, mobile fauna
community, inundation event
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
249
Potential for Introduction of the Invasive Lionfish, Pterois volitans,
in the Tropical Eastern Pacific Across the Isthmus of Panama
Potencial para la Introducción del Pez León Invasor, Pterois volitans,
en el Pacifico Oriental a través del Istmo de Panamá
Potentiel pour L'introduction du Poisson Lion Envahissantes, Pterois volitans,
dans le Pacifique Tropical Oriental à travers L'isthme de Panama
ANDREW SELLERS
McGill University, Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute,
7268 Wright Street, Panama, Panama. [email protected].
ABSTRACT
Lionfish (Pterois volitans) have established across the Western Atlantic, and may generate significant
ecological and socio-economic impacts across region. Their impacts and rapid spread across the region
have led to concerns of a secondary introduction in the Tropical Eastern Pacific across Central America.
In this presentation we discuss the potential for spread of lionfish from the Caribbean to the Eastern
Pacific across the Isthmus of Panama, focusing on the Panama Canal as a route of introduction. Lionfish
have established along the Caribbean coast of Panama, and are found in shallow areas near the
Caribbean entrance to the Canal, however, they have not been reported within the waterway or along
Panama's Pacific coast. Their spread through the waterway depends on their ability to overcome a
number of barriers, including three sets of locks and two freshwater lakes. Although lionfish can tolerate
low salinity and have invaded estuaries, their inability to survive in freshwater may prevent the spread of
individuals through the Panama Canal. Lionfish eggs and larvae could also be transported across the
Canal in the ballast water of transiting vessels, however, it is unclear whether ballast water is a vector for
the spread of this species. The Regional Strategy for the Control of Invasive Lionfish in the Wider
Caribbean calls for lionfish monitoring programs across the invaded region. Given the impacts that
lionfish could generate in the Eastern Pacific, however, additional monitoring programs should also be
implemented in areas outside the invaded region that are at risk of secondary introductions.
KEYWORDS: Lionfish, Panama Canal, ballast water, Caribbean
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
250
Assessing Trends in Targeted Marine Fishes in the
Bonaire Marine Park, Netherland Antilles
Evaluación de las Tendencias en los Peces Marinos Objetivo
en el Parque Marino de Bonaire, Netherland Antilles
Évaluer les Tendances Chez les Poissons Marins Ciblées
dans le Parc Marin Bonaire, Netherland Antilles
BRICE SEMMENS*1and CHRISTY PATTENGILL-SEMMENS
2
1Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California – San Diego,
9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093-0202 USA. *[email protected]. 2Reef Environmental Education Foundation (REEF), P.O. Box 246, Key Largo, Florida 33037 USA.
ABSTRACT
The Bonaire Marine Park (BMP), established in 1979 and encompassing the islands of Bonaire and
Kline Bonaire, represents one of the oldest marine parks in the Caribbean. Primary human uses of the
park include recreational diving and snorkeling, and subsistence fishing by local people. The BNP is
comprised of a network of protected areas with differing human-use restrictions; no area in the park is
currently restricted from subsistence fishing. One of the primary goals of the park is to maintain a
regionally and globally significant and successful multi-use marine protected area. It remains unclear,
however, to what extent high-quality opportunities for extractive and non-extractive uses are being
maintained through time. Since 1993, volunteers with the Reef Environmental Education Foundation
(REEF) have conducted reef fish surveys (species-specific presence/absence and relative abundance) at
sites throughout the park. To date, over 21,000 surveys have been conducted, representing ~28,000 hours
of collective survey effort. Using these data, we examined trends in in the presence and abundance of
marine fishes targeted by subsistence fishing (e.g. grouper and snapper) over the last two decades. We
found an ongoing decline in many targeted species, suggesting that extractive uses are decreasing the
quality of non-extractive uses such as wildlife viewing over time. Given the importance of vibrant and
healthy reefs to locals and tourists alike, we suggest that BMP managers take action to reverse trends in
fish populations over time.
KEYWORDS: MPA, targeted fisheries, citizen science
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
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Sharks of Barbados
Tiburones de Barbados
Requins à la Barbade
NIKOLA SIMPSON
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, P.O. Box 631-C, Bridgetown, Barbados.
ABSTRACT
There is limited documented information available regarding the shark fishery and resources of
Barbados. However, it is apparent that these species have ecological, economic and social importance to
the island. This study, in contributing to the development of a National Plan of Action for the
conservation and management of Sharks (NPOA – Sharks) for Barbados assessed the elasmobranch
resources in the island and aimed to improve catch and landings data to a species level. Information was
gathered through initial scoping exercises at major landing sites followed by survey interviews in person
and online to fishers, divers, vendors and consumers of shark. Baited remote underwater video
(BRUVs) were constructed and deployed at different habitats around the island‟s coasts to estimate
relative abundance and diversity of elasmobranchs.
Shark catches were primarily taken as bycatch in the longline fishery but a directed shark fishery does
exist. The top 3 reported species landed were the: short fin mako, the blue peter shark and the oceanic
whitetip shark, of which the latter raises greatest concern due to its listing in Appendix II CITES.
Species are purchased and sold at a range of $2.50 - 5 BBD per pound. The meat and liver is utilized
while the fins and heads are often discarded. There are no regulations or restrictions for shark
conservation and management in Barbados but it is hoped that guided by the NPOA–Sharks, sustainable
utilization of shark resources will be practiced.
KEYWORDS: NPOA, sharks, Barbados, BRUVs, shark conservation and management
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
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Mercury Bioaccumulation in Six Species of Marine Fishes
from Waters of the Southeastern US
Bioacumulación de Mercurio en Seis Especies de Peces de Aguas del Sureste de EE.UU
Accumulation Biotique du Mercure dans Six Espèces de Poissons
dans les Eaux du Sud-Est des États-Unis
WILEY SINKUS*
1, VIRGINIA SHERVETTE
2, and BYRON WHITE
3
1College of Charleston, 205 Fort Johnson Road,
Charleston, South Carolina 29412 USA. *[email protected]. 2University of South Carolina – Aiken, 471 University Parkway, Aiken, South Carolina 29801 USA.
3South Carolina Department of Natural Resources,
217 Fort Johnson Road, Charleston, South Carolina 29422 USA.
ABSTRACT
Mercury is found in fish species world-wide and since a large portion of the world depends on fish for
protein, the concentrations and bioaccumulation rates of mercury in commonly consumed fishes is an
important area of study. Reliable, up-to-date information on health concerns should be considered when
choosing fish species and quantities to consume. Extensive interspecific, intraspecific, temporal and
spatial variation occurs in fish muscle tissue mercury concentrations and rates of mercury accumulation
in fishes. Care must be taken when issuing regional and national advisories to account for
inconsistencies found between water bodies and among similar species due to possible varying levels of
tissue mercury concentrations. The goal of this study is to provide a comprehensive understanding of
mercury bioaccumulation in six species of fishes from Atlantic waters of the Southeastern U.S.
(Mycteroperca microlepis, Mycteroperca phenax, Epinephelus morio, Lutjanus campechanus,
Caulolatilus microps and Seriola dumerili) and compare these findings with published Gulf of Mexico
mercury data from the same species. These species were chosen because of their longevity, feeding
habits, preferred habitat, taxonomic relationships, and wide-ranging presence. Differences in mercury
concentration and accumulation rates exist among species and between the two major waterbodies, with
mean species concentrations ranging between 0.145 - 0.458 ppm. Mercury concentrations tended to
increase in relation to length, weight, and age. This study provides insight into differences in the biology
and ecology of these fishes and provides information that will enhance consumption guidelines for local
and regional areas.
KEYWORDS: Mercury, marine fishes, ecology
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
253
Estimating the Density of Lionfish Pterois volitans in
Six MPAs Along the Mexican Caribbean
Estimaciones de la Densidad de Pez León Pterois volitans
en Seis AMP del Caribe Mexicano
Estimations de la Densité de Poisson-lion Pterois volitans
dans Six AMP Situées dans les Caraïbes Mexicaines
ELOY SOSA-CORDERO*1, ESTRELLA MALCA
2, ELIAS CAAMAL
3,
GIEZI YAM1, LOURDES VÁSQUEZ-YEOMANS
1, NALLELY HERNÁNDEZ
4,
M.C. GARCÍA5, Y. GÓMEZ
6, and
7J. GÓMEZ.
1El Colegio de la Frontera Sur (ECOSUR), Ave. Centenario Km 5.5, Chetumal,
Quintana Roo 77014 Mexico. *[email protected]. 2University of Miami – RSMAS, 4600 Rickenbacker Causeway, Miami, Florida 33149 USA.
3Parque Nacional Isla Contoy – CONANP, Venado No. 71 SM 20 MZ 18 Col. Centro,
Colonia Pacto Obrero Campesino, Cancún, Quintana Roo 77500 México. 4Parque Nacional Isla Cozumel, Quintana Roo 77500 México.
5Reserva de la Biosfera Banco Chinchorro – CONANP,
Venado No. 71 SM 20 MZ 18 Col. Centro, Cancún, Quintana Roo 77500 México. 6Reserva de la Biosfera Sian Ka´an, Quintana Roo 77500 México.
7Parque Nacional Arrecifes de Xcalak-Comisión Nacional de Areas Naturales Protegidas (CONANP),
Dirección Regional Península de Yucatán y Caribe Mexicano, Calle Venado No. 71, SM 20 MZ 18. Col.
Centro, Cancún, Quintana Roo, CP 77500 México.
ABSTRACT
Since the lionfish was reported in the Mexican Caribbean (10/2009, Cozumel), there has been concern
regarding their impacts on coral reefs and their economic consequences. This prompted a regional work-
plan to reduce lionfish abundance through extraction by staff and volunteers, derbies and commercial
fishing. Marine protected areas (MPAs) provide conditions to study ecological processes, given that
anthropic factors are lessened. We present the results of a survey aiming to estimate the lionfish density
in six MPAs along the Mexican Caribbean. From July 2012 to March 2013, using SCUBA and free
diving, a total of 306 sampling plots (25 m x 10 m) were made at Isla Contoy National Park (NP) n = 36,
Arrecifes P. Morelos NP n = 35, Arrecifes Cozumel NP n = 46, Sian Ka´an Biosphere Reserve (BR) n =
62, Banco Chinchorro BR n = 68, and Arrecifes de Xcalak NP n = 59. A total of 333 lionfish were
observed, mostly large (58.9%), and mid-sized (33%); and density across MPAs averaged 43.3 ± 79.4
ind/ha ( ± sd). Among MPAs, lionfish mean density increased southwards with 24.4 ±84.8 ind/ha in
Cozumel and 75.9 ±141.4 ind/ha in Banco Chinchorro. Depth and habitat type also varied between
MPAs. Fish and invertebrates co-occurring with lionfish were recorded. We proposed our estimates of
lionfish densities as the baseline for lionfish density in these MPAs at depths ≤ 20 m. Further monitoring
in deeper waters (> 20 m) is crucial to lionfish management. This methodology can be applied to
evaluate efficacy of the removal efforts in the Caribbean.
KEYWORDS: Invasive marine species, underwater visual censuses, fish abundance, monitoring,
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
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Spatial and Temporal Analysis of the Biscayne National Park
Lionfish Removal Program (2010 - 2015)
Análisis Espacial y Temporal del Programa de Captura de Pez León
en el Parque Nacional Biscayne (2010 - 2015)
Analyse Spatiale et Temporelle du Programme de Suppression de
Poisson-lion du Parc National de Biscayne (2010 - 2015)
CHRISTOPHER STALLINGS*1, MARK ALBINS
2, SHELBY MONEYSMITH
3,
MICHAEL HOFFMAN3, VANESSA MCDONOUGH
3
1University of South Florida, College of Marine Science,
140 7th Avenue South, St. Petersburg, Florida 33701 USA. *[email protected]. 2Auburn University, School of Fisheries Aquaculture and Aquatic Sciences,
8300 State Highway 204, Fairhope, Alabama 36532 USA. 3Biscayne National Park, National Park Service, 9700 SW 328th Street, Homestead, Florida 33033 USA.
ABSTRACT
Government-operated programs to remove invasive lionfish in the western Atlantic are rare, but may be
an effective and necessary approach to reducing local lionfish populations, particularly in areas of
conservation concern such as parks and reserves. Initiated in 2010, the Biscayne National Park Lionfish
Removal Program (BNPLRP) represents one of the most extensive in the world. Between February
2010 and May 2015, Park scientists and volunteers conducted 976 surveys (> 1113 underwater person-
hours) and removed 4220 lionfish with a total biomass of 1070 kg (total length range: 3.2 - 44.4c m;
biomass range: 0.33 - 1420.92 g). We analyzed over five years of catch-per-unit-effort data of biomass
(bCPUE) and abundance (nCPUE) to examine spatial and temporal trends in the BNPLFP. We found
bCPUE to be disproportionately high on continuous and artificial reefs, compared to patch reefs and
channel habitats. There was also a strong zonal effect with highest bCPUE along the offshore Florida
Reef Track (high nCPUE, largest fish) compared to inshore reefs (very low nCPUE, intermediate sizes)
and in Biscayne Bay (high nCPUE, smallest sizes). Across habitats and zones, bCPUE increased 2154%
since the program was initiated. However, these temporal trends were driven by increased bCPUE on
continuous and artificial reefs located offshore, where both nCPUE and the mean size of lionfish
removed has increased significantly over time. Thus, the BNPLRP appears to be keeping pace with the
local lionfish population in some habitats, but increased efforts are required on offshore reefs and
continued efforts across all habitats should be supported.
KEYWORDS: Removal program, spatio-temporal analysis, CPUE, generalised linear mixed model,
mesopredator
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
255
Diversity, Patterns, and Benefits of Lionfish Skin-Associated Bacteria
Diversidad, Patrones y Beneficios de la Flora Bacteriana Cutánea del Pez León
Modèles, Diversités, et Bénéfices des Bactéries Dermatologiques Associées aux Rascasse
JULIA STEVENS*1and JULIE OLSON
2
1North Carolina Museum of Natural Sciences, North Carolina State University,
11 West Jones Street, Raleigh, North Carolina 27601 USA. *[email protected]. 2University of Alabama, Box 870344, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487 USA.
ABSTRACT
Widespread success of lionfish throughout the Western Atlantic, Caribbean Sea, and Gulf of Mexico
resulted in their persistence as an invasive species. Generally, invasive species are released from
pathogen pressure but retain beneficial symbionts. Therefore, we were interested in characterizing the
diversity of bacterial communities associated with the skin surfaces of lionfish throughout their native
and invaded ranges.
Lionfish support a significantly different bacterial community than three fish species native to the
Caribbean Sea, and all fish hosted bacterial communities that were significantly different from the
ambient bacterioplankton. Additionally, lionfish did not host any known opportunistic or pathogenic
bacteria, while the native fish species hosted multiple pathogens. In a biogeographical analysis, bacterial
communities of lionfish in the native and invaded ranges were not significantly different, indicating that
lionfish retained a core bacterial community. However, local-level effects generated significant
differences in bacterial communities based on collection location, but were not reflective of proposed
lionfish population genetic differences. To identify potential roles of these core bacteria, isolates were
cultured from lionfish collected throughout both ranges and their ability to aid in disease resistance was
tested against six known fish pathogen strains. Lionfish host a great diversity of bacteria capable of
producing antibacterial and potentially protective metabolites.
Lionfish retained a core beneficial bacterial community upon introduction to the invaded range and this
community appears capable of withstanding infection by known fish pathogens. Therefore, the bacterial
communities associated with lionfish likely contributed to the invasive success of lionfish over the last
three decades.
KEYWORDS: Lionfish, bacteria, Pterois, pathogen resistance
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
256
Using in situ Length Data to Determine Stock Status of Protected Aggregating Fish
Species: A Case Study of Nassau Grouper (Epinephelus striatus)
El Uso de Datos de Longitud in situ para Determinar el Estado de las Poblaciones de Peces
Protegidos que Forman Agregaciones: El Caso de Estudio del Mero de Nassau
(Epinephelus striatus)
Utilisation Des Données De Longueur In Situ Afin De Déterminer L'état Des Stocks Des
Espèces Protégées De Poissons Qui S‟aggrègent : Etude Du Cas Du Mérou de Nassau
(Epinephelus striatus)
BRIAN STOCK*1, LYNN WATERHOUSE
1, SCOTT HEPPELL
2,
CHRISTY PATTENGILL-SEMMENS3, BRICE SEMMENS
1,
PHILLIPPE BUSH4, and CROY McCOY
4
1Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California – San Diego,
9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093 USA. *[email protected]. 2Oregon State University, Department of Fisheries and Wildlife,
104 Nash Hall, Corvallis, Oregon 97331 USA. 3Reef Environmental Education Foundation (REEF), P.O. Box 246, Key Largo Florida 33037 USA.
4Department of Environment, Cayman Islands Government,
P.O. Box 486GT, Grand Cayman, Cayman Islands.
ABSTRACT
Managing data-limited fisheries can be challenging, particularly for species that form easily exploited
spawning aggregations. Here we use in situ diver-generated length observations from a Nassau grouper
(Epinephelus striatus) aggregation in the Cayman Islands to empirically test a new data-poor stock
assessment method, the length-based spawning potential ratio (LB-SPR) model. We demonstrate that the
LB-SPR method can generate spurious results when applied to data from a non-equilibrium (rebuilding)
population. However, once modified to incorporate a time-series index of abundance, the method
generates appropriate metrics of stock status. We conclude that the LB-SPR methods holds promise as
an assessment technique when length-compositions are available, but caution that care must be exercised
in applications when the population of interest is undergoing increasing pressure from harvest or
ongoing recovery from conservation action.
KEYWORDS: Data-limited, fisheries, stock assessment, spawning potential ratio (SPR), length
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
257
Voluntary Catch Records of Common Snook (Centropomus undecimalis):
Current and Potential Future Uses in Fisheries Management
Registros Voluntarios de Captura del Róbalo Común (Centropomus undecimalis):
Uso Actual y su Futuro Potencial en la Gestión Pesquera
Enregistrements Volontaires des Captures de Snook Communes (Centropomus
undecimalis): Utilisations Actuelles et Potentielles dans la Gestion des Pêches
JULIANE STRUVE*1, KAI LORENZEN
1,
JYNESSA DUTKA-GIANELLI1, and BRETT FITZGERALD
2
1University of Florida, 7922 71st Street, Gainesville, Florida 32653 USA. *[email protected].
2Snook & Gamefish Foundation, 1505 West Terrace Drive, Lake Worth, Florida 33460 USA.
ABSTRACT
The Angler Action Program (AAP) is a voluntary data collection program created by the Snook and
Gamefish Foundation in response to the 2010 winter, when nearly 1/3 of the snook population perished.
Using a mobile app, anglers record time spent fishing, number of anglers, gross location, number of
snook caught, kept, and released, and size relative to legal slot size. We examine catches, discards, size
distributions, user profiles and spatial and temporal trends of caught snook (Centropomus undecimalis)
in the Angler Action data base and compare them to spatial and temporal trends found in the Marine
Recreational Fisheries Statistics Survey and Fisheries Independent Monitoring. A preference to report
non-zero catches and geographically limited participation are possible factors that cause differences
between self-reported data and survey data. Despite these constraints the Angler Action Program has
potential to contribute essential data due to the large number of available participants. We illustrate the
potential contribution of voluntary records to the spatial management of fish populations and their
habitat using a spatially explicit population dynamics model. Our model shows that local depletion is
driven by a combination of local recruitment and movement rates and the effects of the unequal
distribution of fishing effort. However, the model relies on unverified assumptions about the
geographical distribution of recruitment success and habitat suitability. Spatially distributed catch data
reported by AAP volunteers could contribute important information about the spatial dynamics of this
species if reporting bias could be controlled.
KEYWORDS: Voluntary records, common snook , spatial dynamics , population modeling , angler
action
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
258
Seasonal and Life-stage Variation in the Reproductive Ecology of a Marine Apex
Predator, the Tiger Shark (Galeocerdo cuvier), at a Protected Female Aggregation Site
Variación Estacional y de por Vida en la Ecología Reproductiva
de un Major Depredador Marino, el Tiburón Tigre (Galeocerdo cuvier),
en un Sitio Protegido para la Agregación de Hembras
Variation Saisonnière et étape de la Vie dans L'écologie
de la Reproduction D'un Prédateur Marin, le Requin Tigre (Galeocerdo cuvier),
sur un Site Protégé Agrégation Féminine
JAMES SULIKOWSKI*
1, CAROLYN WHEELER
1, AUSTIN GALLAGHER
2,
BIANCA PROHASKA3, JOE LANGAN
1, and NEIL HAMMERSCHLAG
2
1University of New England, 11 Hills Beach Road, Biddeford, Maine 04005 USA. *[email protected].
2University of Miami – RSMAS, 4600 Rickenbacker Causeway, Miami, Florida 33149 USA.
3Florida State University, 319 Stadium Drive, Tallahassee Florida 32306 USA.
ABSTRACT
Advancing our knowledge of the reproductive biology and mating systems of free-ranging apex
predators is inherently challenging, yet has remained a priority among ecologists working in both
terrestrial and marine systems. To our knowledge, no studies exist to date that have found direct
evidence of mating, gestating or parturition aggregation sites in an apex predatory fish. The tiger shark
(Galeocerdo cuvier) is a large, roving, apex predatory shark found in tropical to sub-tropical oceans
throughout the world. Although their nomadic nature is primarily linked to large-scale migrations, these
sharks also display site fidelity. One area of high residency for this shark species is a popular dive
tourism site known as Tiger Beach, located on the northwest side of little Bahama Bank, Bahamas.
Unique to the waters within this area, is the consistent sighting of large females. While the sex-specific
use of this area remains unknown, this shallow and warm environment could represent critical habitats
for reproductive events. In the present study, a total 65 individuals were opportunistically sampled
between 2011 and 2014. Reproductive status of captured females (n = 59) was assessed by measuring
circulating sex steroid hormones (progesterone, testosterone and estradiol) and ultrasonography. Over
the course of sampling, steroid hormone concentrations and ultrasonography measurements suggest that
tiger beach appears to function as a mixed aggregation site for female tiger sharks, serving as both a
habitat to reach maturity as well as a refuge site during pregnancy.
KEYWORDS: Reproduction, non-lethal, apex predator, hormones, ultrasound
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
259
Novel Discoveries of Lionfish (Pterois spp.) Size Structure,
Age and Growth from Northeastern Florida
Nuevos hallasgos en la Estructura de Tamaño, Edad y Crecimiento
de Peces León (Pterois Spp.) en el Noreste de La Florida
Nouvelles Découvertes de Taille Structure, L'âge et la Croissance
des Poissons-lion (Pterois spp.) à Partir du Nord-Est de la Floride
MARYKATE SWENARTON*1, ERIC JOHNSON
1, and LAD AKINS
2
1University of North Florida, 1 UNF Drive,
Jacksonville, Florida 32084 USA. *[email protected]. 2Reef Environmental Education Foundation (REEF),
98300 Overseas Highway, Key Largo, Florida 33037 USA.
ABSTRACT
Lionfish have invaded the Western Atlantic, Caribbean, and Gulf of Mexico at an unprecedented rate,
with documented negative effects on native ecosystems. Scientific investigations on the impacts of
lionfish have been conducted predominantly in tropical ecosystems with comparatively little research
effort focused on temperate ecosystems, such as the South Atlantic Bight. Since life history parameters,
especially growth rates, can vary with a suite of environmental (i.e. temperature), biological (i.e. genetic)
and ecological (i.e. prey availability) factors, life history parameters of lionfish will likely vary
regionally and among ecosystems. To quantify age and growth in a new region, lionfish were collected
in 2013 and 2014 from northeast Florida (n = 3,949) in coordination with multiple derby events
throughout the year. Size structure was analyzed using length frequency analysis and statistical length
based modeling. Length-frequency analysis revealed a clear bimodal population with two distinct
cohorts, and rapid growth during summer. The best model fit 2013 and 2014 data sets independently,
indicating annual differences in growth in that region (K = 0.63, L∞ = 435 mm in 2013; K = 0.47, L∞ =
448 mm in 2014). Overall, these results suggest lionfish in northeastern Florida have an abridged
spawning season, with juveniles recruiting over a smaller timescale than in other regions, and little
variation in growth rates, which has not been reported previously. Since accurate life history modeling
inputs are integral to estimating necessary removal efforts, future population growth and the response of
lionfish populations to management initiatives, information on lionfish life history should be collected at
a finer spatial and temporal scale.
KEYWORDS: Lionfish, age, growth, population structure
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
260
Modeling Lionfish Management Strategies on the West Florida Shelf
Modelando Estrategias para el Manejo del Pez León en la Plataforma Occidental de La
Florida
Modélisation des Stratégies de Gestion des Poissons-lion sur le West Florida Shelf
MARYKATE SWENARTON*1, SAMANTHA BINION-ROCK
2, ALEX BOGDANOFF
3,
KRISTEN DAHL4, JENNIFER GRANNEMAN
5, HOLDEN HARRIS
6, and JOHN MOHAN
7
1University of North Florida, 1 UNF Drive,
Jacksonville, Florida 32084 USA. *[email protected]. 2North Carolina State University, Center for Marine Sciences and Technology,
303 College Circle, Morehead City, North Carolina 28557 USA. 3NOAA – National Ocean Service, 101 Pivers Island Road, Beaufort, North Carolina 28516 USA.
4University of South Alabama, Dauphin Island Sea Lab,
101 Bienville Blvd., Dauphin Island, Alabama 36528 USA. 5University of South Florida, 140 7th Avenue South, St. Petersburg, Florida 33701 USA.
6University of Florida, 7922 71st Street, Gainesville, Florida 32653 USA.
7Texas Marine Science Institute, 750 Channel View Drive, Port Aransas, Texas 78373 USA.
ABSTRACT
Invasive lionfish have well-documented negative impacts on native reef fish communities throughout the
western Atlantic. However, there have been few attempts to model ecosystem-scale lionfish impacts, or
to simulate ecosystem responses to different management strategies such as lionfish removals or
rebuilding depleted fishery stocks. We updated an existing trophic dynamic Ecopath with Ecosim model
(EwE) of the West Florida Shelf (WFS) ecosystem to include the recent lionfish invasion. This allowed
us to explore ecosystem-wide impacts of lionfish and the outcome of various management objectives.
Using 30-year model projections, we evaluated the relative change in reef fish biomass groups in
response to 1) changes in lionfish harvest rates, and 2) changes in harvest rates of key reef fish fisheries
(e.g., snapper and grouper). The EwE model revealed complex trophic interactions that have
implications for management of reef fishes and invasive lionfish, as well as the mitigation of lionfish
impacts. The model demonstrated that under increased lionfish harvest, we could expect relatively higher
biomass of important fishery species than if the lionfish invasion continued unchecked. Decreasing reef
fish harvest rates would translate into lower terminal lionfish biomass, suggesting that under these
conditions, the system will be more resilient to future invasions. As such, combinations of lionfish
removal efforts and reef fish management strategies have the potential to mitigate impacts of lionfish on
reef ecosystems. Overall, the EwE model serves as a valuable tool to simultaneously evaluate different
policies and improves our understanding of the effects of disturbances (e.g., over-fishing) on species
invasions.
KEYWORDS: Lionfish management, fisheries management, ecosystem resilience
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
261
Áreas de Cría de Tiburones de las Islas Oceánicas Tropicales y su Importancia
para la Conservación de sus Poblaciones
Shark Nursery Areas of Tropical Oceanic Islands and its Importance
for the Conservation of Their Populations
Zones de Nourricerie des Requins des îles Océaniques Tropicaux et Importance
de la Conservation des Populations
RAFAEL TAVARES
Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Agricolas, Instituto Venezolano de Invstigaciones Cientific,
Calle Cazorla, Isla de Margarita, Altos de Pipe, San Antonio La Asuncion,
Estado Nueva 6311 Venezuela. [email protected].
RESUMEN
A pesar de la importancia ecológica y comercial de los tiburones, sus poblaciones continúan siendo
profundamente afectadas por la sobrepesca y degradación del hábitat. La protección de los hábitats
esenciales (e.j. áreas de cría) de estas especies, podría constituir una estrategia eficaz para la
conservación de sus poblaciones. En el presente estudio se aplicaron técnicas comunes de biología
pesquera (marcaje-recaptura, análisis de tallas y ajuste de modelos de regresión) para estimar las tasas de
crecimiento de dos especies (Carcharhinus limbatus y Negaprion brevirostris) de tiburones juveniles
dentro de sus áreas de cría en el Archipiélago Los Roques (ALR), Venezuela. Adicionalmente se utilizó
información disponible en la literatura con el propósito de comparar los resultados entre zonas
geográficas. A su vez, las tasas de crecimiento fueron utilizadas como un índice para evaluar la
eficiencia biológica de tiburones juveniles. Las tasas de crecimiento obtenidas para los juveniles de C.
limbatus variaron entre 49,4 y 57,8 cm/año; mientras que para N. brevirostris oscilaron entre 21,19 y
24,2 cm/año. Estos estimados son superiores a los reportados para los juveniles de estas especies en otras
regiones geográficas del Océano Atlántico. Los factores que pueden estar influenciando el rápido
crecimiento de los juveniles en el ALR son: temperatura elevada del agua, abundancia de presas, niveles
bajos de depredación, y relativo buen estado de conservación de los ecosistemas marinos. Los complejos
insulares oceánico-tropicales, como el ALR, podrían desempeñar una función vital para el desarrollo de
los tiburones y mantenimiento de sus poblaciones. Esfuerzos adicionales deberían ser realizados para
continuar generando información ecológica sobre las áreas de cría de tiburones en otras islas netamente
tropicales localizadas en el Mar Caribe.
PALABRAS CLAVES: Caribbean Sea, ecology, fishery, nursery, Venezuela
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
262
Determining Effective Fisheries Monitoring and Assessment Approaches in Data-Limited
Contexts: A Case Study of the Fisheries in Montserrat and Curaçao
La Determinación de un Método Eficaz para Monitorear y Evaluar la Pesca
en un Contexto de Información Limitada:
Un Estudio de Caso de las Pesquerías en Montserrat y Curaçao
La Détermination D'un Suivi Efficace de la Pêche et de L'approche de L'évaluation dans
un Contexte de Données Limitées: Une Étude de la Pêche à Montserrat et Curaçao
LENNON R. THOMAS*1, KATHERINE J. SIEGEL
1, BRANDON OWASHI
1,
ANDREW J. ESTEP2, and SARAH E. LESTER
1
1Bren School of Environmental Science and Management, Marine Science Institute,
University of California – Santa Barbara,California 93106 USA. *[email protected]. 2Waitt Institute of Discovery, P.O Box 1948, La Jolla, California 92038 USA.
ABSTRACT
Science-based fisheries management requires accurate assessments of the status of marine resources,
which depend on appropriate fisheries monitoring strategies. Given that resources are often limited,
identifying the most effective monitoring and assessment approach for a fishery can pose a significant
challenge. There is a growing body of literature on fishery assessment methods for data-limited contexts.
However, there are few published examples of successful applications of these data-limited methods as a
tool for informing small-scale fishery management. We present the first stages of monitoring strategies
and preliminary results of data-limited fisheries analyses on two Caribbean islands: Montserrat and
Curaçao. Although both islands have limited amounts of existing fisheries data, we found that each
island required a different approach to monitoring due to differences in each island\'s fisheries
characteristics. Curaçao is a large and more developed island with dispersed landing sites and no existing
fisheries monitoring, and thus requires a more detailed characterization of the fishery in order to design
an appropriate monitoring plan. On the other hand, Montserrat is a small island with one main landing
site and a long-term catch monitoring program, allowing to analyze existing data and expand the current
monitoring program. We provide preliminary results from length-based analyses for several target coral
reef species on Montserrat. We discuss fishery-dependent and fishery-independent monitoring options
available on each island as well as approaches for integrating both data types. We also review lessons
learned from the two case studies, and discuss factors that will inform the next steps of this project.
KEYWORDS: Fisheries monitoring, data-limited, fishery-dependent data, fisheries management, small-
scale fisheries
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
263
Benefits of Participating in the GCFI Sponsored
Caribbean Fisheries Professional Development Program
Beneficios de Participar en el Programa de Desarrollo de Profesionales de pesca del
Caribe Patrocinado por el GCFI
Avantages De Participer Au Parrainage Du Programme De Développement Des Pêches
Professionnelles De La Caraïbe Du GCFI
RANDEL THOMPSON
Department of Marine Resources, C. A. Paul Southwell Industrial Site,
Basseterre, St.Kitts. [email protected].
ABSTRACT
The Caribbean Fisheries Professional Development Program, being sponsored by Florida Sea Grant,
Puerto Rico Sea Grant, the GCFI, The Billfish Foundation, NOAA and the Caribbean Regional Fisheries
Mechanism, is effectively seeking to develop fisheries management capacity within the Caribbean. The
effectiveness of the program stems from the development of training programs for marine and fisheries
professionals around the needs and capacity shortages present in member countries. The incorporation of
GIS into fisheries management can enhance the way our marine resources are being monitored and
managed. In an effort to achieve sustainable fishing,the use of fish aggregative devices (FADs) within
the Eastern Caribbean is becoming very prevalent through the assistance of the Japanese International
Cooperation Agency (JICA) and MAGDELESA FAD project. My training program during 2013 was
centered on incorporating GIS in the management of FADs. The program consisted of two practical
courses: an introductory GIS course and a Trimble System GPS certified course. The training program
provided an opportunity to explore ways GIS can be used in FAD management, such as the mapping and
analysis of best locations to deploy FADs taking into consideration locations of existing landing sites
and bathymetry, and the storage and analysis of fish catch and effort data using attribute tables.
Participating in the Trimble System GPS course gave me the capacity to assist local fishers who have
difficulties using GPS technology. Furthermore, the knowledge obtained in the use of GIS was able to
encourage the Government of St. Kitts and Nevis to create a GIS job position for fisheries and marine
related research and analysis.
KEYWORDS: Training program, GIS, incorporation, management, FADs
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
264
Invasion, Distribution, and Abundance of the Indo-Pacific Lionfish
in the US Virgin Islands
Invasión, Distribución y Abundancia del Pez León de Indo-Pacífico
en las Islas Vírgenes de EE.UU.
Invasion, Distribution Et Abondance De La Rascasse Volante Indo-Pacifique
Dans Les Îles Vierges Américaines
NIKITA THOMPSON, RICK NEMETH*, TYLER B. SMITH, MARILYN BRANDT,
ELIZABETH KADISON, MARCIA TAYLOR, and LESLIE HENDERSON
University of the Virgin Islands, Center for Marine and Environmental Studies, 2 John Brewer's Bay,
St. Thomas 00802-9990 US Virgin Islands. *[email protected].
ABSTRACT The Indo-Pacific lionfish (P. volitans/P. miles) has rapidly established itself throughout the Atlantic and
Caribbean region over the last decade, inhabiting a range of habitats (i.e. coral reefs, seagrass beds,
mangroves) and depths. We investigated the lionfish invasion in the U.S. Virgin Islands by examining
their rate of invasion, size distribution and abundance at different depths and habitats using data from
USVI‟s long-term Territorial Coral Reef Monitoring Program (TCRMP). Lionfish were first sighted in
2008 on St. Croix and in St. Thomas in 2010 and occurred predominately in coral reef habitats. Lionfish
were first detected on our TCRMP sites in St. Croix and St. Thomas in 2010 and 2011, respectively, and
their presence and abundance has increased rapidly at the majority of monitoring sites. The St. Croix
population seemed to reach its peak in 2011 and has remained relatively stable through 2014 whereas the
lionfish population on St. Thomas and St. John has shown continued exponential growth. The majority
of this population increase has occurred on mesophotic reefs > 30 m depth. Understanding these
different population responses among islands and reef types may help to mitigate their impacts on native
reef fishes.
KEYWORDS: Invasive species, mesophotic reefs, fish abundance, distribution patterns
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
265
Coral Reef Health and Marine Protection in the Dominican Republic
Salud Arrecifal y la Protección Marina en la República Dominicana
Santé des Récifs Coralliens et les Aires Marines Protéges en République Dominicaine
RUBEN TORRES1 and ROBERT STENECK
2
1Reef Check, Prol Fantino Falco #5, Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic. *[email protected].
2School of Marine Sciences, University of Maine, Orono, Maine 04469 USA.
ABSTRACT
The Dominican Republic (DR) is a Contracting Party to Cartagena Convention since 1998, and to its
Specially Protected Areas and Wildlife (SPAW) also since 1998, in this way recognizes the importance
that the DR places on the sustainable management of coastal and marine resources and the need for
regional cooperation. The DR is committed to the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) and more
recently has committed to the Caribbean Challenge to effectively conserve 20% of near shore marine
areas by 2020. The current DR protected area (PA) system is composed of 117 PAs, 33 of these can be
considered marine protected areas (MPAs).. This legal structure gives the DR a clear legal advantage for
the protection of its coastal marine resources, but only if these areas are effectively protected.
During a recent coral reef survey in the DR, we found a remarkable spectrum in the condition of its coral
reefs ranging from seriously degraded to among the best reefs in the Caribbean, but there was little or no
clear pattern that follows the wide range of legal protection. Less than 10% live coral cover and over
30% algae abundance characterized the three most degraded sites. In contrast, those proportions reverse
with over 30% live coral and only 10% seaweed at the three reefs with less tourism development and
more protection. Improved management of the DR fisheries, enforcing existing restrictions on fishing
and the effective implementation of marine protected areas could significantly improve the health of DR
reefs.
KEYWORDS: MPA, Dominican Republic, coral reefs, monitoring, Caribbean
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
266
Fisheries-independent Survey of Sharks and Rays in Banco Chinchorro, Mexico
Estudio Independiente de la Pesca Sobre los Tiburones y las Rayas
en Banco Chinchorro, México
Enquête Indépendant de la Pêche aux Requins et aux Raies
au Banco Chinchorro, Méxique
OLMO TORRES-TALAMANTE*1, RACHEL GRAHAM
2,
IVY BAREMORE2, and SAMANTHA STRINDBERG
3
1RAZONATURA, 68 Luis G de León, Coyoacan Mexico City, 04360 Mexico. *[email protected].
2MarAlliance, 32 Coconut Drive, San Pedro, Belize.
3Wildlife Conservation Society, 2300 Southern Blvd., Bronx, New York 10460 USA.
ABSTRACT
Limited data exist on sharks and rays throughout Mexico‟s Caribbean coastline, notably at Mexico‟s
only Atlantic atoll, Banco Chinchorro declared a Biosphere Reserve by the United Nations. This study
represents first baseline survey for sharks and rays undertaken in June 2015 with trained artisanal fishers
from three fisheries cooperatives using fisheries-independent methods. Sampling took place at 24
permanent stations identified by stratified random sampling that covered three habitat types: fore-reef,
back-reef and lagoon/seagrass. Data were collected on species, total length or disc width, and where
possible on sex using regionally standardized fisheries-independent monitoring methods. These methods
included in-water snorkel-based visual census over 1 km distances (UVC) and baited remote underwater
video (BRUV) with soak times of 60 minutes. UVC observations of sharks were dominated by nurse
sharks (Ginglymostoma cirratum) (11.76/km2) in the lagoon versus (25.2/km
2) in fore-reef sites.
Caribbean reef sharks (Carcharhinus perezi) were recorded only on outer reef UVCs at (6.72 km2).
Catch per unit effort on BRUVs was calculated as MaxN of animals/hour. At least six species of
elasmobranchs were recorded throughout UVC transects whereas BRUVs revealed only three species.
The survey provided a preliminary baseline of the atoll‟s elasmofauna that will underpin the broader
management of the atoll‟s marine resources. This study will be augmented with efforts to broaden the
baseline using longline sampling.
KEYWORDS: Carcharhinus perezi, Narcine bancroftii, critically endangered, elasmobranch
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
267
Regional Cooperation in the Wider Caribbean for Reducing the Transfer of Harmful
Aquatic Organisms and Pathogens in Ship‟s Ballast Water
La Cooperación Regional en el Gran Caribe para Limitar la Transferencia de Organismos
Acuáticos y Agentes Patógenos Indeseados que Pueda Haber en el Agua de Lastre
y en los Sedimentos Descargados por los Buques
La Coopération Régionale dans les Grandes Caraïbes pour Limiter le Transfert
D'organismes Aquatiques et D'agents Pathogènes Indésirables Provenant des Rejets
D'eaux de Ballast et de Sédiments Effectués par les Navires
VASSILIS TSIGOURAKOS
RAC/REMPEITC-CARIBE, eru Mahuma z/n, Aviation & Meteorology Building,
Willemstad, Curaçao. [email protected] .
ABSTRACT
RAC/REMPEITC-Caribe is the Regional Coordinating Organization in the Wider Caribbean Region for
the GEF-UNDP-IMO GloBallast Partnerships Programme that assists developing countries to reduce the
transfer of harmful aquatic organisms and pathogens in ships‟ ballast water and implement the IMO
Ballast Water Management Convention. Several measures were taken to assist these countries with the
implementation of the BWM Convention, as the development of training packages and the publication of
different guidelines. In the Wider Caribbean Region five Lead Partnering Countries (the Bahamas,
Jamaica, Panama, Trinidad and Tobago and Venezuela) have benefited from the funds and expertise of
the project to develop a National Ballast Water Management Strategy and participated in several training
to raise awareness and increase the expertise of national administrators. Additionally, RAC/REMPEITC-
Caribe coordinated the development of a WCR strategic action plan for BWM. This presentation will
cover the successes in the region as well as the latest tool kits developed by the project to increase
collaborations with national institutes, marine biologist and national stakeholders with the result that by
the end of the Project, selected maritime institutes in each region and among the LPCs will be training
maritime experts in key aspects of shipboard BWM. To that end GloBallast developed a free e-learning
training based on the GloBallast Advanced Training Course on Operational Aspects of Ballast Water
Management and also published guidance (Monograph 22) to help in the planning and execution phases
of port biological baseline surveys which can also be very important for Invasive Species Management
(including Lionfish).
KEYWORDS: Ballast water management, GloBallast, HAOP, invasive species management, shipping
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
268
Invasive Lionfish (Pterois volitans) Learn to Avoid a “Spicy” Prey Fish
El Pez León Invasor (Pterois volitans) Aprende Evitar un Pez Presa „Picante‟
La Rascasse Volante Invasive (Pterois volitans) Apprend Eviter une Proie „Épicée‟
LILLIAN TUTTLE*1, ROBERT LAMB
2, and ALLISON STRINGER
3
1Oregon State University, 3029 Cordley Hall, Department of Integrative Biology,
Corvallis, Oregon 97331-2914 USA. *[email protected]. 2Brown University, Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology,
80 Waterman Street, Box G-W, Providence, Rhode Island 02912 USA. 3Montana State University, Department of Ecology, P.O. Box 173460, Bozeman, Montana 59717 USA.
ABSTRACT
Invasive red lionfish (Pterois volitans) are voracious, generalist predators of Atlantic coral-reef fishes.
There is concern that lionfish may consume cleaner gobies (Elacatinus spp.): ubiquitous, conspicuous,
and ecologically important species that clean parasites off of other reef fishes. We conducted two
laboratory experiments to test whether or not (1) juvenile lionfish and native groupers eat E. genie, and
(2) lionfish learn not to eat E. genie, which have a putative skin toxin. Nearly half of invasive lionfish (n
= 14 of 31) and native graysby grouper (Cephalopholis cruentata, n = 11 of 23) ate E. genie, all of which
hyperventilated for several minutes post-consumption. During the second experiment, most lionfish
(n=18 of 24) either successfully ate the goby, or ate it and spit it out immediately, hyperventilating in
either case. After eating E. genie, lionfish experienced elevated ventilation rates over twice as vigorous
(mean ± SEM = 140.7 ± 1.9 vs. 64.3 ± 1.4 opercular beats/minute) and for 6 times as long (mean ± SEM
= 11.8 ± 5.4 vs. 1.6 ± 0.2 minutes) as those experienced after eating similarly sized and shaped non-toxic
prey (bridled goby Coryphopterus glaucofraenum). During subsequent exposures of the same lionfish to
E. genie over the course of two weeks, lionfish would often approach the goby closely, then turn away
without striking. These data are consistent with those of manipulative experiments conducted on coral
patch reefs that found no effect of lionfish on Elacatinus spp. abundance. Due to their distastefulness, E.
genie may be one of the few fishes on Atlantic coral reefs that escapes the jaws of invasive lionfish.
KEYWORDS: Predation, learning, skin toxin, invasive species, cleaning mutualism
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
269
Where Have They Been Hiding? Spatial Distributions and Ontogenetic Movements
of Goliath Grouper (Epinephelus itajara) in the State of Florida
Dónde se Han Estado Escondiendo? Distribución Espacial y Movimientos Ontogenéticos
del Mero Guasa (Epinephelus itajara) en el Estado de La Florida
Où Ont-ils été Cachés? Les Distributions Spatiales et les Mouvements Ontogénétique
de Mérou Géant (Epinephelus itajara) dans L'état de Floride
ORIAN TZADIK*, DAVID JONES, ERNST PEEBLES, and CHRISTOPHER STALLINGS
University of South Florida, College of Marine Science, 140 7th Avenue South,
St. Petersburg, Florida 33701 USA. *[email protected].
ABSTRACT
The goliath grouper (Family Epinephelidae) is considered to be critically endangered throughout its
range, but after a 24-year federal fishing moratorium, stocks have shown recent signs of recovery in
Florida waters. In an effort to assess the population structure of goliath grouper within the state of
Florida, the current study is investigating spatial distribution, nursery habitat, and movement patterns. To
understand these patterns, it is necessary to quantify connectivity between nursery and adult habitats,
which requires description of geographic movement during different life stages. Traditional approaches
to deriving such information have proved valuable, but have limitations: tagging studies often produce
low return rates, and otolith-based studies require sacrificing individuals of a species we seek to protect.
Through non-lethal sampling of fin rays, we have been able to characterize the microchemical
constituents of individual goliath groupers. The results were used to test spatial and temporal variability
in ontogenetic migrations, as well as the degree to which different juvenile habitats contribute to the
adult population. Via trace element analyses, we have been able to identify 'elemental fingerprints' that
are representative of different nursery habitats. We provide evidence that these elemental fingerprints are
conserved within fin rays and thus may contribute to future management strategies for this iconic and
ecologically important species.
KEYWORDS: Fin ray microchemistry, goliath grouper, spatial distributions, nursery habitat, ontogeny
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
270
Fishers´ Knowledge and the Ecosystem Approach
El Conocimiento de los Pecadores y el Enfoque Ecosistémico de la Pesca
Fishers' Connaissances et de L'approche Ecosystémique
JOHN VALBO-JORGENSEN*
1, HELGA JOSUPEIT
2,
DANIELA KALIKOSKI2, and CHRISTINA LUCAS
3
1FAO Sub-regional Office for Mesoamerica, Panama City, Panama. *[email protected].
2FAO, Fisheries and Aquaculture Department, Rome, Italy.
3FAO Consultant, Montevideo, Uruguay.
ABSTRACT
How can an ecosystem approach to fisheries management (EAF) that considers the interactions and
interdependencies between multiple components of the ecosystem and balances ecological, economic
and social benefits, be applied in data poor, multispecies small-scale fisheries?
To answer this question, it is important to understand that while information needs are much broader in
the EAF and analysis may require new skills and multidisciplinary approaches, it does not necessarily
call for new costintensive surveys – on the contrary.
The EAF requires that the elements in an ecosystem and the linkages between them be identified.
Management focuses on governing processes using adaptive management principles and simple
indicators without necessarily requiring high levels of precision.
Further, the lack of “scientific knowledge” does not necessarily imply that knowledge does not exist.
Fishers have a wealth of knowledge and experience that is extremely valuable for fisheries management
- particularly small-scale fisheries.
Fishers and scientists generate knowledge in different ways and in different formats, i.e. scientific
knowledge is the result of systematic sampling over short periods at certain intervals while fishers
generally obtain knowledge through less systematic, frequent, long-term observations. The two
knowledge systems are thus to a large extent complementary.
A recent workshop reviewed case studies from nine Latin American countries and provided guidance on
how to integrate fishers and their knowledge and expertise fishers in the management process, which is
consistent with international framework agreements including the Code of Conduct on Responsible
Fisheries, and The Voluntary Guidelines on Small-scale fisheries.
KEYWORDS: Fisheries management, ecosystem approach, fishers‟ knowledge, scientific knowledge,
Code of Conduct
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
271
A Pilot Study of the Recreational Queen Conch and Lobster Fisheries of Puerto Rico
Proyecto Piloto sobre la Pesca Recreativa de Caracol Rosado y Langosta en Puerto Rico
Etude Pilote Sur La Pêche Récréative Au Lambi Et A La Langouste A Porto Rico
MONICA VALLE-ESQUIVEL*1, ROBERT J. TRUMBLE
1,
DIANA MARCELA BELTRAN-RODRIGUEZ2, and CRAIG LILYESTROM
3
1MRAG Americas, 10051 5th St North, Suite 105,
St Petersburg, Florida 33702 USA. *[email protected]. 2University of Puerto Rico, P.O. Box 9000, Mayaguez, Puerto Rico 00681 USA.
3Puerto Rico Department of Natural and Environmental Resources,
P.O. Box 366147, San Juan, Puerto Rico 00936 USA.
ABSTRACT
Management of the commercial and recreational conch and lobster fisheries of Puerto Rico uses
comprehensive annual catch limits. The recreational sectors require catch estimates so the two sectors
can be managed separately. In 2014 - 2015 MRAG implemented a pilot project for the PR-DNER and
NOAA to characterize the recreational harvest of conch and lobster, aiming at the consideration of these
invertebrates in existing surveys. The main objectives were to test methods to identify the locations,
seasons, and times of recreational conch-lobster activity, to determine if they are target species, the
modes and methods used, to quantify catch and effort, and to assess the proportion of undersized
individuals. The methodology consisted of hiring local samplers to rove the island and visit potential
sites, intercept and interview fishers, and measure individuals, including conchs at shell mounds.
Numerous adaptations in the sampling design occurred throughout the project to maximize efficiency
and effectiveness. Daytime sampling by four interviewers spanned 12 months, with 118 sites visited
around PR, 29 sites in Vieques, and 13 in Culebra, including beaches, ramps, fishing villages, marinas,
nautical clubs, and docks. Sites were stratified according to the presence/absence and intensity of the
activity and revisited periodically. Locating and interviewing the target group was challenging, so we
could not identify clear patterns in the recreational fisheries. A large percentage of juvenile conchs were
observed. Recreational activity appeared elusive or minimal compared to the larger incidence of
unlicensed commercial fishing. More intensive sampling and alternative methods are recommended to
better understand these fisheries.
KEYWORDS: Queen conch, lobster, recreational fisheries, survey, interview
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
272
A Snapshot View of the Fishery on Moored Fish Aggregating Devices (mFAD)
in the South of Haiti
Una Mirada Rápida sobre la Pesca Asociada a Dispositivos de Concentración
de Peces Anclados (DCPa) en el Sur de Haití
Un Coup D‟œil Rapide sur la Pêche à Dispositifs de Concentration
de Poissons Ancrés (DCPa) dans le Sud D‟Haïti
HENRI VALLÈS
Department of Biological and Chemical Sciences, University of the West Indies,
Cave Hill Campus, Bridgetown, BB 11000 Barbados. [email protected].
ABSTRACT
Moored Fish Aggregating Devices (mFADs) are anchored floating objects placed in the sea to aggregate
fishes so as to facilitate their capture. These devices can increase fishers‟ revenues and improve food
security. Over the past three decades, there has been a rapid ad hoc development of a small-scale
artisanal mFAD fishery in some Caribbean states, including Haiti. However, the current state of mFAD
fishery in Haiti is poorly known. Here, I report the results of mFAD fishers interviews and mFAD
fishing trip surveys in January-February 2015 at selected sites along 550 km of coastline in the south of
Haiti - an area containing about 21,700 fishers - so as to provide baseline data on the mFAD fishery. At
that time, a total of 21 semi-heavy mFADs were being used across the area and about 10% of the fisher
population used mFADs. Most fishing vessels were small (< 9 m) and equipped with small outboard
engines (15 hp). Main fishing techniques were drift lines with live bait and trolling. The main species
landed were yellowfin tuna, blue marlin, blackfin tuna and dolphinfish, with landings (all species
combined) being substantial at some locations (≥ 13.6 tonnes/year). Data collection systems were weak,
except where fishers were supported by external aid. Overall, the mFAD fishery contributes tangibly to
support fishers‟ livelihoods and to food security in south Haiti. However, significant catches of highly-
migratory species considered to be overfished indicate the need to improve local data collection systems
and reinforce Haiti‟s integration into regional fishery management bodies.
KEYWORDS: FAD, Haiti, pelagic, artisanal fishery,
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
273
Description of Larval Lionfish Pterois volitans (Scorpaenidae) for the Western Atlantic
Descripción de Larvas de Pez León Pterois volitans
(Scorpaenidae) en el Atlántico Occidental
Description Larvaire des Poisson-lion Pterois volitans
(Scorpaenidae) dans les Atlantique Occidentale
LOURDES VASQUEZ-YEOMANS*1, SELENE MORALES-GUTIERREZ
1, ESTRELLA MALCA
2,
YARELI COTA-VALENTIN1, JAMES MORRIS
3, TOM SCHULTZ
4, and AMANDA LEVINE
5
1El Colegio de la Frontera Sur, Ave. Centenario Km. 5.5 S/N,
Chetumal, Quintana Roo 77014 Mexico. *[email protected]. 2NOAA – National Marine Fisheries Service, 75 Virginia Beach Drive, Miami, Florida 33149 USA
3NOAA – National Center for Coastal Ocean Science,
101 Pivers Island Road, Beaufort, North Carolina 28516 USA. 4Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, 135 Marine Lab Road,
Beaufort, North Carolina 28516 USA.
5Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794 USA.
ABSTRACT
The invasive lionfish Pterois volitans (Linnaeus 1758) is widely distributed in the Western Atlantic and
Caribbean. This invasion was fueled by year-round reproduction, frequent spawning behaviour, dispersal
by ocean currents and lack of major predators. Among the less known aspects of lionfish ecology is
basic information regarding the early life stages. Here we present the first complete series of larval
description for P. volitans based on 109 larvae collected in oceanographic cruise during the spring of
2011 using MOCNESS, S10 and neuston nets. Although larger > 4 mm SL were initially identified
following morphological characters, previously undescribed smaller larval specimens < 4 mm SL were
determined on the basis meticulous observation and expertise. Taxonomic identifications were validated
as P. volitans for 100% larvae, using the mitochondrial DNA (COI). The youngest larvae (1.5 mm SL)
showed a characteristic bar pigment pattern over three quarters of the tail and a high concentration of
pigment on the distal part of the pectoral fin. The largest (> 9 mm SL) had considerable head spination
and large pectoral, dorsal and anal fins. We describe in detail the main characteristics (morphological
and pigmentary) to identify with certainty lionfish larvae. These descriptions can facilitate identification
of lionfish from plankton collections and thus reveal major spawning sites to discover dispersal and
transport of early life stages of lionfish in the region. Accurate identification of larval lionfish in the
Western Atlantic can help prioritize effective actions in control programs and management of this
invasive species.
KEYWORDS: Larval morphology, pigmentary pattern, DNA barcoding, larval taxonomy, Caribbean
Sea
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
274
First Report of Reproductive Aggregations for Pacific Red Snappers Lutjanus peru
(Nicholson y Murphy, 1992) and Spotted Rose Snapper L. guttatus (Steindachner, 1869)
in the Coiba National Park, Pacific of Panama
Primer Reporte de Agregaciones de Desove para los Pargos Seda (Lutjanus peru)
(Nicholson y Murphy, 1992) y Mancha (L. guttatus) (Steindachner, 1869)
en el Parque Nacional Coiba, Pacífico de Panamá
Premier Rapport sur les Agrégations Reproduction desVivaneaux du Pacifique Lutjanus
peru (Nicholson y Murphy, 1992) et des Vivaneau Rose L. guttatus (Steindachner, 1869)
dans le Parc National de Coiba, Pacifique du Panama
ÁNGEL JAVIER VEGA*1, JUAN L. MATÉ
2, and YOLANI A. ROBLES
1
1Universidad de Panamá, Escuela de Biología, Departamento de Biología Marina y Limnología,
Santiago, Veraguas 0923-00173 Panamá. *[email protected]. 2Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Balboa, 0843-03092 Panamá.
ABSTRACT
Through scuba diving, we assessed the existence of reproductive aggregations in the Coiba National
Park, Panamanian Pacific, for Pacific red snapper (Lutjanus peru) and spotted rose snapper (L. guttatus).
For the silky snapper, we documented spawning aggregations, and massive spawning events in the
morning, when the temperature was above 26°C, currents were low, tides were low and during few days
before the full moon. Spawning aggregations exceeded 500 individuals and spawning occurred in small
groups (50 - 60), simultaneously or sequentially within the aggregation. For the spotted rose snapper,
courtship behavior varied as groups of two to three individuals separated from the main aggregation,
chasing each other until spawning. Spawning conditions were similar to that for the silky snapper. With
the exception that occurs around 1600 hours. This represents the first record of this reproductive
behavior for both species of snappers in the region and requires the protection of sites and moments
where the phenomenon occurs. This will contribute to warrant the permanence of the fishery resource.
KEYWORDS: Coiba National Park, spawning aggregations, Lutjanus peru, Lutjanus guttatus, snappers
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
275
Biological and Fisheries Analyses of the Pacific Red Snapper (L. peru),
Spotted Rose Snapper (L. guttatus) and Yellow Tail Snapper (L. argentiventris)
in the Coiba National Park and its Area of Influence
Análisis Biológico y Pesquero de los Pargos Seda (L. peru), Macha (L. guttatus) y
Amarillo (L. argentiventris) en el Parque Nacional Coiba y su Zona de Influencia
Analyses de la Biologie et de la Pêche de la Vivaneau du Pacifique (L. peru),
Repéré le Vivaneau Rose (L. guttatus) et le Vivaneau Queue Jaune (L. argentiventris)
dans le Parc National de Coiba et sa Zone D'influence
ÁNGEL JAVIER VEGA* and YOLANI A. ROBLES
Universidad de Panamá, Escuela de Biología,
Departamento de Biología Marina y Limnología, Santiago, 0923-00173 Panamá.
ABSTRACT
Between January 2011 and January 2012 we sample populations of the silky snapper (Lutjanus peru),
spotted rose snapper (L. guttatus), and the yellow tail snapper (L. argentiventris) at a landing site (Puerto
Remedios) and on board fishing vessels in and around the Coiba National Park (PN Coiba). The
objective of the study was to evaluate biological and fisheries indicators that could be used to determine
the condition of the resource. Historical records resulting from our previous work (2006 - 2010), allowed
us to compare the evolution of the fishery in the past six years, throughout the size structure,
reproductive minimum size (L50), mean lengths of catch and landings, number of active vessels, number
of trips, landing volumes, and catch per unit effort (CPUE). The main results indicate that the snapper
fishery in PN Coiba and its surrounding areas it‟s not done in a sustainable manner. There is a reduction
in catches of approximately 50% associated also with the number of fishing boats used and trips made.
The catch per unit effort showed a reduction of 45 kg between 2006 and 2011. These results are heavily
influenced by the silky snapper which is the main targeted species.
KEYWORDS: Coiba National Park, Lutjanus peru, L. guttatus, L. argentiventris, snappers
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
276
Pesquerías y Biodiversidad Marina en Panamá: Desafíos para la Sostenibilidad
Fisheries and Marine Biodiversity in Panama: Challenges for Sustainability
Pêches et la Biodiversité Marine au Panama: Défis pour la Durabilité
CARLOS VERGARA-CHEN
INDICASAT-AIP, Calle Rodolfo Benítez, Edif 219, Ciudad del Saber, Panama 0843-01103 Panamá.
RESUMEN
La biodiversidad marina de Panamá ofrece una conjunto de recursos biológicos que han permitido el
desarrollo de un industria pesquera próspera, sin embargo, desde el año 2008 la productividad pesquera
ha ido decayendo. Sumado a esto, los planes de gestión no existen o son endebles y la pesca se reduce a
pocas especies, por lo que se hace necesario diversificarla. Ante este panorama, es preciso definir
estrategias y planes de acción para la conservación de la biodiversidad marina y la gestión de los
recursos pesqueros. Entre los desafíos del sector pesquero se incluyen la realización de estudios sobre
estructura y dinámica de las poblaciones explotadas, ejecución de investigaciones oceanográficas que
incluyan el seguimiento de la variabilidad en los parámetros fisicoquímicos del mar, así como trabajos
orientados al desarrollo de productos marinos y tecnologías para la acuicultura. También se deben
realizar análisis económicos y estimaciones de los indicadores de productividad, eficiencia y eficacia de
las embarcaciones y la industria, y la valoración de los bienes y servicios ecosistémicos. Se recomienda
la creación de un centro de excelencia dedicado a la investigación marina y pesquera. Los resultados
alcanzados por esta institución serán fundamentales para asesorar a las autoridades y comunidades
pesqueras en el uso racional de las pesquerías. Además de la investigación de los recursos marinos, la
ejecución de estrategias apropiadas de gestión pesquera con base en la información científica y en los
conocimientos ecológicos tradicionales de las comunidades pesqueras es determinante para adoptar
medidas de mitigación para los efectos negativos de la pesca y la acuicultura, posibilitando la realización
de explotaciones sostenibles y responsables que favorezcan la conservación de la biodiversidad de los
mares costeros panameños.
PALABRAS CLAVES: Recursos marinos, sistemas pesqueros, investigación integrada, gestión
pesquera, conservación
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
277
Open Blue Sea Farms Panamá S.A.:
De Mar Abierto Impactando Nuestras Comunidades en la Costa Arriba de Colón
Open Blue Sea Farms Panama S.A.:
Offshore Aquaculture Impacting Our Communities in Costa Arriba de Colon
Open Blue Sea Farms Panama S.A.:
L‟aquaculture Offshore Impacte Nos Communautés A La Costa Arriba, Colon
JAVIER VISUETTI GONZÁLEZ
Open Blue Sea Farms Panamá, S.A. Calle Morse No. 434, Clayton, Panamá.
RESUMEN
Open Blue Sea Farms Panamá empresa constituida en 2007. Opera en la Costa Arriba de Colón (Distrito
de Santa Isabel). La empresa se dedica al cultivo de peces en mar abierto, poniendo sus jaulas
submarinas a 12 Km de la costa. Por el momento nos dedicamos al cultivo de la Cobia (Rachycentron
canadum), pez nativo de rápido crecimiento y que se acopla a la plataforma que utilizamos para su
crianza. Costa Arriba es un área deprimida, en donde hay muy pocas empresas formalmente establecidas.
Usualmente las personas de estas comunidades deben migrar en busca de oportunidades de trabajo,
creando una desvinculación de las personas con su entorno. Open Blue Sea Farms enfoca su programa de
Responsabilidad Social Empresarial en dos ejes: Educación y Medioambiente. Creamos una fuente de
oportunidades en las áreas donde operamos y se está haciendo la transferencia de tecnología para que los
miembros de nuestras comunidades, quienes tienen prelación en la contratación, se capaciten y se
conviertan en mano de obra calificada, cambiando su perfil profesional. Creemos en el potencial de la
niñez y por ello llevamos un programa de becas a la excelencia, incentivando a los chicos con los
mejores promedios en las nueve escuelas de las comunidades de Santa Isabel, quienes se convertirán en
futuros profesionales. Se ha establecido la Fundación de La Comunidad de Costa Arriba de Open Blue,
cuya finalidad es la de hacer el patrocinio de algunos proyectos de índole cultural y que creen impacto
sobre las comunidades en donde vivimos.
KEYWORDS: Open Blue Sea Farms, Panamá, cobia, Rachycentron canadum, responsabilidad social
empresarial
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
278
The Our Florida Reefs Marine Planner Decision Support Tool:
Helping Southeast Florida to Make Science-Based Recommendations
El Our Florida Reefs Marine Planner Decision Support Tool:
Ayudando al Sudeste de la Florida a Tomar Recomendaciones Basadas en la Ciencia
Le Our Florida Reefs Marine Planner Decision Support Tool:
Aider la Floride du Sud de Faire des Recommandations à Vocation Scientifique
BRIAN WALKER*1, AMANDA COSTAREGNI
1, LAUREN WATERS
2, and DAN CROWTHER
3
1Nova Southeastern University, 8000 North Ocean Drive,
Dania Beach, Florida 33004 USA. *[email protected]. 2Florida Department of Environmental Protection, 2271 79th St. Cswy., Miami, Florida 33141 USA.
3Point 97, 721 NW 9th Avenue, Suite 200, Portland, Oregon 97209 USA.
ABSTRACT
The Our Florida Reefs (OFR) stakeholder-driven community planning process was developed in June
2013 for the southeast Florida region of Miami-Dade, Broward, Palm Beach, and Martin counties to
address previously identified local coral reef management action strategies. Regional reef resource users
participated in Community Working Groups (CWG) representing their respective stakeholder
perspective and developed recommended management actions for the reefs of southeast Florida. The
OFR process identified the need for a mapping and spatial analysis web-based computer application
throughout the decision and recommendation making process. The application needed to facilitate data
visualization and information to all stakeholders, provide a spatial survey of reef users, and allow CWG
members to conduct real-time analyses and planning. The OFR marine planner was developed. It
provides GIS data in an intuitive, easy-to-use platform for novice users to view and evaluate spatial data.
It incorporated a coastal ocean use survey gathered spatial information on reef use through an interactive
map, allowing participants to choose an activity, location, and how many days that location was visited.
The OFR marine planner allows users the flexibility to layer different datasets and create their own
maps; provides decision support functions by allowing users to filter planning units based on
presence/absence or by user-defined values within various data layers; and allows users to delineate
areas and get instant reports on the data parameters of the planning units within the area drawn. The OFR
Marine Planner can be customized to other areas where real-time decision support is needed.
KEYWORDS: Coastal and marine spatial planning, CMSP, web-based program, GIS
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
279
Caracterización de la Flota Pesquera que Opera en el Archipiélago de San Andrés,
Providencia y Santa Catalina, Caribe de Colombia
Characterization of the Fishing Fleet that Operates in the Archipelago of San Andrés,
Providencia, and Santa Catalina, Colombia Caribbean
Caractérisation de la Flotte de Pêche qui Opère dans L'archipel de San Andrés,
Providencia et Santa Catalina, Colombie Caraïbes
HUGO WILSON AGUIRRE
Gobernación Departamental Secretaria de Agricultura y Pesca, Av. Newball, Edificio Coral Palace,
San Andres Isla, Colombia. [email protected].
RESUMEN
La pesca ha sido una actividad tradicional e importante en la economía local y la seguridad alimentaria
para los habitantes del Archipiélago de San Andrés, Providencia y Santa Catalina. Siendo el único
territorio insular y la frontera más norte de Colombia, el manejo de la pesca es así mismo único en el
país, y bajo la responsabilidad de autoridades locales y no nacionales. En cumplimiento de sus
funciones, la Secretaría de Agricultura y Pesca ha inventariado la flota pesquera también conocida como
unidades económicas de pesca (UEPs). Los datos presentados se actualizaron al 2012 e incluyen el
número de embarcaciones, sus característica (tipo, tamaño, método de propulsión), sitios de desembarco
de la faena y artes de pesca. La flota de pesca artesanal se estimó en 212 embarcaciones, de las cuales
solo el 55,97% se mantienen activas en la isla de San Andrés y 57,69% en la isla de Providencia y Santa
Catalina. Son embarcaciones principalmente de fibra de vidrio (88,20%), siendo en la actualidad pocas
las de madera (6,13%) o las que están construidas de madera y fibra (2,83%). Su tamaño es variable,
pudiendo ser pangas o canoas con eslora ente 10 - 14 pies; lanchas con esloras entre 14 - 26 pies; o
lanchas de mayor envergadura llamadas localmente “GO FAST” o lanchas grandes con esloras entre 28 -
33 pies. En su mayoría, las embarcaciones artesanales usan motores fuera de borda de 2T, a gasolina,
aunque poco a poco se hace el cambio a motores 4T. El tamaño de la flota artesanal que opera en el
archipiélago de San Andrés, Providencia y Santa Catalina ha aumentado progresivamente, incluyendo
mejoras en su tecnificación, como el incremento de la potencia de los motores, el cambio de motores
fuera de borda de 2T a 4T para optimizar el consumo de combustible Por su parte, la flota industrial se
estimó en 39 embarcaciones, de las cuales solo el 28,20% están activas. Las mayoría están construida
con acero naval (84,61%), el tamaño de las mismas baria con eslora entre 68- 82 pies. En su totalidad
con motores internos de 350 a 540 HP,
PALABRAS CLAVES: Flota pesquera, embarcaciones artesanales e industriales, inventario de unidades
económicas de pes, Caribe Colombiano
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
280
Developing a Size-structured Stock Assessment Model
for Spiny Lobster in the Southeast United States
Desarrollo de un Modelo de Evaluación Poblacional Basado en la Estructura de Tallas
para la Langosta Espinosa en el Sureste de los Estados Unidos
Développement D'un Modèle D'évaluation de la Taille du Stock-structurée
pour la Langouste dans le Sud-Est des États-Unis
NAN YAO* and YUYING ZHANG
Florida International University, 3000 NE 151st Street, North Miami, Florida 33181 USA.
ABSTRACT
Spiny lobster fishery is one of the most economical important fisheries in the Caribbean. In the past
decade, multiple stock assessment models have been developed to assess the stocks. Traditionally,
Catch-at-age or Delury model is used. However, the complex biology and fisheries of the Caribbean
spiny lobster makes those models inadequate: the spiny lobster lacks calcified structure like otolith,
vertebrae and scales found in the fin fish species, to mark age directly. Therefore, age-structured model
could introduce uncertainty and error associated with the length-age transformation. Also spiny lobster
fisheries include both commercial and recreational methods. The efforts vary between these two fisheries
and display fluctuations within the recreational fishery. Furthermore, in some regions, the information is
limited for the stocks. The objective of this study is to develop a size-structured model for spiny lobster
in Southeast US. This model describes a sex-specific, season-specific population dynamics of the spiny
lobster based on the size structure. The uncertainty of the parameters in the model is estimated using
MCMC. The performance of the model is evaluated by simulating fisheries. The model also provides
biological reference points that would help the establishment of the management strategies. Hopefully,
this model will reduce the uncertainty due to the lack of information, improve the performance of the
stock assessment model and provide advice for the stock assessment of other Caribbean stocks.
KEYWORDS: Spiny lobster, stock assessment, size-structure
Book of Abstracts – 68th GCFI Panamá 2015
281
Incorporación de Nuevos Materiales en las Redes de Arrastre de Camarón en el Golfo
de Morrosquillo, Mar Caribe de Colombia: Una Estrategia para Reducir Combustible
Incorporation of New Materials in Shrimp Trawls Nets in the Gulf of Morrosquillo,
Colombia Caribbean Sea: A Strategy to Save Fuel
Incorporation de Nouveaux Matériaux dans les Chaluts à Crevettes dans le Golfe du
Morrosquillo, Mer des Caraïbes en Colombie: Une Stratégie pour la Réduction de
Carburant
HARLEY ZUÑIGA* and JAIRO ALTAMAR
Universidad del Magdalena, Carrera 32 No 22 – 08, Santa Marta, Magdalena 470004 Colombia.
RESUMEN
Para validar la eficiencia de la incorporación de nuevos materiales desarrollados e incorporados en otras
pesquerías de arrastre del mundo, se utilizaron dos barcos, uno equipado con las redes que
tradicionalmente operan en esta pesquería y otro con redes innovadas construidas con un nuevo diseño y
material, Ultra Cross Spectra. Los parámetros constructivos área ficticia y resistencia al avance fueron
estimados mediante métodos teóricos. El consumo de combustible fue medido directamente utilizando
flujómetros especializados. Para determinar las diferencias entre las tecnologías se aplicó un análisis de
varianza de parcelas divididas y para establecer diferencias entre el consumo de combustible se utilizó
una prueba “t” para muestras dependientes. Para demostrar la apropiación de los beneficios de incorporar
los nuevos materiales, se realizó un seguimiento de los consumos de combustible de la flota de
embarcaciones arrastreras que opera en los alrededores del golfo de Morrosquillo. Los resultados de los
parámetros constructivos referidos al área ficticia de los paños de red para los equipos innovado y
tradicional fueron de 118.86 m2 y 94.63 m
2, respectivamente. La resistencia al avance a una velocidad de
arrastre de 2.8 nudos fueron de 463.96 kgf y 485.91 kgf. Los resultados del consumo de combustible
indicaron una disminución de 2.3 gal/hora de arrastre. En la actualidad toda la flota de barcos arrastreros
que opera en el área de influencia del golfo de Morrosquillo está utilizando Ultra Cross Spectra en la
construcción de sus redes, obteniendo un ahorro de combustible entre el 28 y 30%. La estrategia de
utilizar nuevos materiales contribuyó a la reducción del consumo de combustibles fósiles en esta
pesquería de arrastre.
PALABRAS CLAVES: Redes de arrastre, camarón, combustible, mar Caribe de Colombia