STAGE 34 GRAMMAR REVIEW

GERUNDS

VERBS THAT OPERATE AS NOUNS USE 1STpp + “NDUM” TRANSLATED ___________ING Viz. RUNNING IS MY FAVORITE

SPORT

GERUNDIVES

GRAMMAR CONSTRUCTION USING A GERUND + FORM OF SUM + DATIVE

SUPPLY “NECESSE” E.G. CONSUMANDUM EST NOBIS Lit: EATING IS NECESSARY FOR US OR WE MUST EAT

PARTICIPLES

VERBAL ADJECTIVES HAVE TENSES/VOICES LIKE A VERB MUST MODIFY A NOUN TRANSLATED __________ING i.e. THE RUNNING MAN FELL DOWN PRESENT, PERFECT AND FUTURE TENSES

PRESENT ACTIVE PARTICIPLES

LOOK FOR –NS, -NT___ (3RD DEC.) TRANSLATED ________ING EXAMPLE:

AMANS MATER THE LOVING MOTHER

THERE ARE NO PRESENT PASSIVE PART.

PERFECT PARTICIPLES PASSIVE 4TH PP OF A VERB TRANSLATED

“HAVING BEEN ______ED”

ACTIVE 3RD PP OF DEPONENT

VERB TRANSLATED “HAVING _______ED”

FUTURE PARTICIPLES

4TH PP OF VERB + “UR” AMATUS AMATURUS TRANSLATED: BEING ABOUT TO _____

ABLATIVE ABSOLUTES

ABLATIVE NOUN/PRONOUN + ABLATIVE PARTICIPLE

PARTICIPLE NORMALLY PPP TYPICALLY AT BEGINNING OF

SENTENCE TRANSLATED: WITH _________

HAVING BEEN __________ED

USES OF THE SUBJUNCTIVE

CUM CLAUSES INDIRECT QUESTION INDIRECT COMMAND PURPOSE CLAUSES RESULT CLAUSES

CUM CAUSAL CLAUSES

SUBJUNCTIVE + CUMTRANSLATED “WHEN”

INDIRECT QUESTION

ASKING VERB + QUESTION WORD + SUBJUNCTIVE

EXAMPLE: ROGAVIT UBI IREMUS HE ASKED WHERE WE WERE GOING

INDIRECT COMMAND

VERB OF COMMAND + UT/NE + SUBJUNCTIVE

UT = TO EXAMPLE:

IUBEO SERVUM UT CENAM PARARET I ORDERED THE SLAVE TO PREPARE

DINNER

PURPOSE CLAUSE

UT/NE + SUBJUNCTIVE TRANSLATED: THAT, IN ORDER

THAT, TO EXAMPLE:

CURRO UT FUGEREM MORTUUM I RUN TO ESCAPE DEATH

RESULT CLAUSES

TAM/TANTA/TOT/ADEO + UT/NE + SUBJUNCTIVE

TRANSLATE: SO…THAT EXAMPLE:

TANTAE ERANT UNDAE UT HARENAS VIDERE POSSENT

THE WAVES WERE SO BIG THAT THEY COULD SEE THE SAND