How did the New Nation Grow?

Standard 6Ch 3,4,5

States claim to western land

Land Ordinance, 1785

Northwest Ordinance of 1787

• Outlines steps in which territories become states.– Once area has pop. of

5000 – can elect legislature

– When pop. Reaches 60,000- elect state const. convention and apply for statehood

Revolution of 1800

• Jefferson defeats Adams, but ties Aaron Burr for President

• Decision goes to House of Reps

• Jefferson becomes Pres after tie is broken– Peaceful transition of

power– New political party

Judicial System

• Judiciary Act 1801- created new fed districts• John Marshall- Chief Justice (Federalist)• Marbury v Madison (1803) – brought about

“judicial review”

Jefferson’s actions

• Got rid of Alien and Sedition Acts for most part

• Repealed Excise Tax (whiskey)• Still able to reduce debt

Louisiana

• French gained Spanish land and revoked Pinckney Treaty

• Jefferson sent Livingston to France to buy small piece of LA

• France offers all of LA for $15mil– 3 cents per acre– Doubles size of US

• Why did France make this offer?

Louisiana Purchase

Exploration

• Lewis and Clark- explored for 2 ½ years (Sacagawea)

• Zebulon Pike- Spanish owned Southwest

Foreign problems…again

• Napoleon/France at war in Europe• Good for US at first• Orders in Council– Leopold/Chesapeake incident

Jefferson’s Response

• Embargo Act (1807)- no exports to any nation– Hurt US (mainly North)– Repealed in 1809

• Non-Intercourse Act- outlawed shipping to England and France only

• These acts did more harm than good

James Madison

• 4th President- 1808• Macon’s Bill #2– Allow trade with GB and

France if they dropped restrictions

– Napoleon had a plan

Confrontation in South and West

• “War Hawks”- wanted to rid Indians of Ohio Valley

• Opposition led by Tecumseh and Prophet• William Henry Harrison & Battle of

Tippecanoe

Madison’s War

• Madison asks congress to go to war against Britain because:– Impressment of soldiers (Leopard/Chesapeake)– British still in Northwest Territory (getting indians

to attack Americans)– British blockade of US ports (Order in Council)

War of 1812

• Some key battles:• Battle of York- hoping Canada would help us-

they didn’t• Defeated British on Lake Erie• British invade DC and burn White House and

Capitol (Madison and Congress barely escape)• Neither Britain or US gain territory- war is

basically a tie

War of 1812

Battle of Fort McHenry

Treaty of Ghent

• Dec 1814- ended the war

• Ended in stalemate-neither side gained land

• Treaty did not talk about impressment, it died out on its own

Battle of New Orleans

• Fought after Treaty• Important b/c US got

help from pirates and frontiersmen

• Made Andrew Jackson become national hero

• Ensured treaty would be ratified

“Era of Good Feelings”

• After War of 1812- nationalism swept through country

• James Monroe is elected President

Era of Good Feelings

The American System

• Cheap imports coming into USA

• Tariff of 16• Henry Clay’s “American

System”– Strong bank– Tariff– Transportation network

(National Road and Erie Canal) led to growth of major cities (NYC)

National Road

The American System

John Quincy Adams

Adams’s Treaties

• Treaty of 1818– Set border of Canada and USA at 49th parallel

• Adams-Onis Treaty (1819) “Florida Purchase Treaty”– USA got Florida and set southern border of

Oregon at 42 o latitude

Jackson takes Florida

Monroe Doctrine (1823)

• America’s Self Defense Doctrine• Put in place to tell Europe to stay out or US

affairs– No European colonization in Americas– Don’t interfere with US dealings– Russo-American Treaty 1824

• Was America’s guideline for foreign policy