standard 90.1-2010 update
DESCRIPTION
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Standard 90.1-2010 Update](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051412/54b6a00f4a795922708b457a/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
ASHRAE Standard 90.1-
2010
Hugh Crowther P. EngHugh Crowther P. Eng
Director at Large
![Page 2: Standard 90.1-2010 Update](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051412/54b6a00f4a795922708b457a/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Agenda• ASHRAE Standards
Development
– Jargon
• Std 90.1 layout• Std 90.1 layout
• Review of changes to each section
• How Improvements are evaluated
• Questions
![Page 3: Standard 90.1-2010 Update](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051412/54b6a00f4a795922708b457a/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Compliance Approaches
Envelope
HVAC
Building SystemsBuilding Systems Compliance OptionsCompliance Options
Prescriptive Option
HVAC
SHW
Power
Lighting
Other
Mandatory Provisions
Trade Off Option
Energy Cost Budget
Simplified
Compliance
![Page 4: Standard 90.1-2010 Update](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051412/54b6a00f4a795922708b457a/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Std 90.1 Sections
• Section 1: Purpose
• Section 2: Scope
• Section 3: Definitions
• Section 7: Service Water Heating
• Section 8: Power
• Section 9: Lighting• Section 3: Definitions
• Section 4: Admin and
Enforcement
• Section 5: Building Envelope
• Section 9: Lighting
• Section 10: Other Equipment
• Section 11: Energy Cost Budget
(ECB) method
• Section 12: Normative References
• Appendices
![Page 5: Standard 90.1-2010 Update](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051412/54b6a00f4a795922708b457a/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Std 90.1 -2010• Significant Savings
over 2004 version
• Site energy savings is in kWh
National Weighted Energy
With Receptacle Loads
Without Receptacle Loads
in kWh
• Site energy cost savings is in $
– Std 90.1 evaluates itself
on energy cost
• How did they do that?
Energy Savings
Loads Loads
Site Energy
25.5% 32.6%
Energy Cost
24.0% 30.1%
![Page 6: Standard 90.1-2010 Update](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051412/54b6a00f4a795922708b457a/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
How did they do that?
30% Improvement
109 AddendaTPS Change
Lets talk about changes from 2007 version to the 2010 version
2004 20102007
![Page 7: Standard 90.1-2010 Update](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051412/54b6a00f4a795922708b457a/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
17%
9%
3%
14%
11%Lighting 17%
Cooling 9%
Heating 21%
Ventilation 5%
Water Heating 9%
Refrigeration 3%
Change in Scope• Process (plug) loads
can now be included
• The TPS change allows the committee to write rules on plug loads if they deem it necessary
64%
Regulated
Section 2
21%
5%9%
3%
5%
3%
3%Electronics 5%
Computers 3%
Cooking 3%
Other 14%
Adjust to SEDS 11%
necessary
• If the Std does not specifically address a process load, then it is unregulated
Source: Building Energy Data Book 2009, Table 3.1.4
25%
Unregulated
A 30% total site reduction would require a 47% reduction in regulated loads
A 50% total site reduction would require a 78% reduction in regulated loads
![Page 8: Standard 90.1-2010 Update](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051412/54b6a00f4a795922708b457a/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Building Envelope• Building envelope
requirements change based on location
• Approximately 20 changes between
Section 5
changes between 2007 and 2010 versions
• Informative Appendix F lists changes by addenda
![Page 9: Standard 90.1-2010 Update](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051412/54b6a00f4a795922708b457a/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Building Envelope• Continuous air barrier
for most buildings
– 5.4.3.1
– Material leakage rate
under 0.004 cfm/ft² @
Section 5
under 0.004 cfm/ft² @
0.3 in. w.c.
– Assembly leakage rate
under 0.04 cfm/ft² @ 0.3
in. w.c.
Goal: Minimize infiltration by 83% and HVAC energy usage by 40% - NIST
![Page 10: Standard 90.1-2010 Update](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051412/54b6a00f4a795922708b457a/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Building Envelope• Tightened air leakage
rates for fenestration and doors
– 5.4.3.2
Section 5
– 1 cfm/ft² @ 1.57 PSF for
doors
– 0.06 cfm/ft² @ 1.57 PSF
for curtain wall
Goal: Minimize infiltration
![Page 11: Standard 90.1-2010 Update](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051412/54b6a00f4a795922708b457a/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Building Envelope• Vestibule
Requirements changed
– 5.4.3.4
Section 5
• Insulation requirements for metal buildings more stringent
– 5.5.3.1 and 5.5.3.2
![Page 12: Standard 90.1-2010 Update](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051412/54b6a00f4a795922708b457a/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Building Envelope• Cool roofs required in
some climate zones
– 5.5.3.1.1
– Zones 1,2 and3
Section 5
– Solar reflectance = 0.55
– SRI = 64 (ASTM E1980)
Goal: Minimize roof loads
![Page 13: Standard 90.1-2010 Update](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051412/54b6a00f4a795922708b457a/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Building Envelope• Vertical fenestration must
have more area on south side than on either east or west side– 5.5.4.5
Section 5
– 5.5.4.5
• Large spaces with tall ceilings must have minimum skylight area and automatic daylighting controls– 5.5.4.2.3
![Page 14: Standard 90.1-2010 Update](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051412/54b6a00f4a795922708b457a/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Building Envelope• Exceptions are
provided to SHGC requirements for dynamic glazing
5.5.4.4.1
Section 5
– 5.5.4.4.1
![Page 15: Standard 90.1-2010 Update](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051412/54b6a00f4a795922708b457a/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
HVAC Systems• Process cooling can now be
included– Scope change
• New data center requirements– Added CRAC units based on ASHRAE
Section 6
– Added CRAC units based on ASHRAE
Std 127
– Introduced sensible Coefficient of
Performance (SCOP)
– 6.4.1.1, 6.5.1, Table 6.8.1k
– A/C equipment primarily serving
computer rooms must meet Table
6.8.1kExample of process loads now being
considered
![Page 16: Standard 90.1-2010 Update](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051412/54b6a00f4a795922708b457a/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
HVAC Systems• Upgraded efficiencies
to most HVAC equipment categories
– 6.8.1 tables
Section 6
• New term for Unitary equipment
– Integrated Energy
Efficiency Ratio (IEER)
– Brings focus to part load
efficiency rather than just
full load performance Goal: Promote Part load performance
![Page 17: Standard 90.1-2010 Update](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051412/54b6a00f4a795922708b457a/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
HVAC Systems• Increased efficiency for water-
cooled and evaporatively cooled air conditioners/heatpumps
– 3 to 5% more stringent as of June 2011
Section 6
– IEER increase from 5 to 13%
– Two position valves required on water
cooled unitary equipment (WSHPs)
– Pumps larger than 5 hp serving W/C
unitary equipment need VFD
![Page 18: Standard 90.1-2010 Update](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051412/54b6a00f4a795922708b457a/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
HVAC Systems• Water to water heat pumps
– Added to standard
– Efficiencies based on application
(Watersource, ground water, ground
source)
Section 6
source)
![Page 19: Standard 90.1-2010 Update](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051412/54b6a00f4a795922708b457a/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
HVAC Systems• Increased efficiency for PTACs
and PTHPs as of Oct 2012
– Created standard (16 x 42 size) and non
standard efficiency tables
– Standard size for new construction
Section 6
– Standard size for new construction
– Non standard size for replacement
(existing wall sleeves)
Standard
Non -standard
![Page 20: Standard 90.1-2010 Update](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051412/54b6a00f4a795922708b457a/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
HVAC Systems• Two path compliance for
chillers (addendum M)– Both paths have a full and part
load target
– Path A targets high full load
Section 6
– Path A targets high full load performance
– Path B targets high part load performance
– Chillers with glycol now under Std 90.1
– Glycol chiller performance criteria based on just water when checking with 90.1 Goal: Promote full operating range
performance
![Page 21: Standard 90.1-2010 Update](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051412/54b6a00f4a795922708b457a/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
HVAC Systems• Recent Chiller Interpretations
– Where customers request more
strict conditions than required in
AHRI 550/590, the chillers will be
compared to Std 90.1 at standard
Section 6
compared to Std 90.1 at standard
rating conditions.
– Power usage shall be measured at
the line side of starter or VFD.
– Starter and VFD losses must be
included in chiller performance
![Page 22: Standard 90.1-2010 Update](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051412/54b6a00f4a795922708b457a/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
HVAC Systems• Chiller scope expansion
– Air and water cooled positive
displacement chillers now included
in Std 90.1 with LFT > 32 °F
• Non standard chiller equation
Section 6
• Non standard chiller equation
– 6.4.1.2.1
– Covers chillers with LFT ≥ 36 °F
– Covers chillers with CWT ≤ 115 °F
– 20 °F to 80 °F of lift
• About 98% of centrifugal chillers now covered by Std 90.1
Goal: Avoid gaming by picking 85.1 °F CWT
![Page 23: Standard 90.1-2010 Update](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051412/54b6a00f4a795922708b457a/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
HVAC Systems• VRF systems added
– Based on new AHRI 1230 test standard
– The IEER levels will increase in 2012
Section 6
in 2012
• New rating system for water to water HX– 6.4.1.4
– Encouraging manufacturers to certify their products
– No performance targets yet
![Page 24: Standard 90.1-2010 Update](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051412/54b6a00f4a795922708b457a/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
HVAC Systems• Restrictions on pump
head sizing and pipe sizing
– 6.4.2.2
Section 6
– Need to calculate the
pressure drop through
piping and components
for critical path
• Pipe sizing as per table 6.5.4.5
– Flow rate by Dia. And
hours operation
Goal: Make sure pumps are not oversized
![Page 25: Standard 90.1-2010 Update](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051412/54b6a00f4a795922708b457a/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
HVAC Systems• Pump differential
pressure flow control shall
– Not exceed pressure
required for 110% of
Section 6
required for 110% of
design flow through heat
exchanger
– Shall reset down during
part load until one
control valve is nearly
open.
– 6.5.4.1
![Page 26: Standard 90.1-2010 Update](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051412/54b6a00f4a795922708b457a/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
HVAC Systems• Hydronic systems
other than unitary systems must have VFD over 10 hp
6.5.4.1
Section 6
– 6.5.4.1
– No caveats any more
– No pump curve riding etc
Goal: Promote Variable flow systems
![Page 27: Standard 90.1-2010 Update](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051412/54b6a00f4a795922708b457a/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
HVAC Systems• VAV requirement for DX and
chilled water systems that serve single zone– 6.4.3.10
– Chilled water systems ≥ 5 hp fan
Section 6
– Chilled water systems ≥ 5 hp fan
motors must be variable flow
– 2 spd or VFD
– As of Jan. 1, 2012 DX systems >
110kBtu/h must be able to reduce
fan speed 2/3 or less at 50% load
– 2 spd or VFD
• Fan power ratings based on constant volume power limits
Goal: Promote fan power savings
![Page 28: Standard 90.1-2010 Update](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051412/54b6a00f4a795922708b457a/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
HVAC Systems• Increased insulation
requirements for pipes and ducts
– 6.4.4
Section 6
• New requirements for radiant panel systems
– 6.4.4
– Ineffective panel areas
shall have r-3.5
![Page 29: Standard 90.1-2010 Update](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051412/54b6a00f4a795922708b457a/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
HVAC Systems• Limitations on centrifugal
fan cooling towers– 6.5.5.3
– 1100 gpm or greater, must meet axial fan efficiency
Section 6
axial fan efficiency
– 38.2 USgpm per fan hp
– Exempt if they are ducted
• New tower category for closed circuit cooling towers– Avoid confusion with Fluid
coolers
Goal: Promote fan power savings
![Page 30: Standard 90.1-2010 Update](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051412/54b6a00f4a795922708b457a/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
HVAC Systems• Economizer changes
– 6.5.1
• With more stringent envelopes and higher internals loads,
Section 6
internals loads, cooling required at lower ambients– Promotes economizers
• Economically justified in all but Zones 1a and ab.
Goal: Promote economizers. The improvements in building envelopes make economizers economically justified in more climate zones
![Page 31: Standard 90.1-2010 Update](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051412/54b6a00f4a795922708b457a/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
HVAC Systems• Sizes 54 kBtu/h and larger
require economizers
– Individual unit (not system)
– Air or water economizers
Section 6
– Economizer is 1st stage cooling
– 2nd stage mechanical cooling
– Economizer goes to minimum
when high limit reached
– High limit settings by region
• 12 exceptions
![Page 32: Standard 90.1-2010 Update](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051412/54b6a00f4a795922708b457a/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
HVAC Systems• Economizer exception for
computer rooms– 6.5.1j
– Total design below 3,000 kBtu/h and not served by
Section 6
kBtu/h and not served by chiller plant
– Total design below 600 kBtu/h and is served by chiller plant
– Local authority prohibits cooling towers
– Less than 600 kBtu/h computer load being added to existing building
![Page 33: Standard 90.1-2010 Update](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051412/54b6a00f4a795922708b457a/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
HVAC Systems• Water economizer sizing
for computer rooms
– 6.5.1.2
– Load must be met at 40 °F db/
35°F wb with evaporative type
Section 6
35°F wb with evaporative type
water economizers
– Load must be met at 35 °F db
with dry type water
economizers
![Page 34: Standard 90.1-2010 Update](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051412/54b6a00f4a795922708b457a/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
HVAC Systems• Changes to damper
leakage requirements
– 6.5.1.1.4
– Comply with changes to
Section 6
– Comply with changes to
controls section
– Motorized intake and
exhaust dampers in most
climate zones
Goal: Limit infiltration during off hours and slow down heat up or cool down
![Page 35: Standard 90.1-2010 Update](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051412/54b6a00f4a795922708b457a/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
HVAC Systems• Dynamic ventilation
control for multi zone VAV systems following Std 62.1 Appendix A
Section 6
Appendix A– 6.5.3.3
– VAV systems with DDC controls shall lower ventilation air below design rate in response to ventilation efficiency
![Page 36: Standard 90.1-2010 Update](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051412/54b6a00f4a795922708b457a/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
HVAC Systems• Supply air reset
– Removed from 1999
version
– Back in 2010 version
– 6.5.3.4
Section 6
– 6.5.3.4
• Goal is to reset SAT up to max level when boxes at minimum flow
– Fan penalty should be
offset by reheat savings
– Can be based on outdoor
air reset
Goal: Mechanical cooling savings that more than offset additional fan work
![Page 37: Standard 90.1-2010 Update](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051412/54b6a00f4a795922708b457a/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
HVAC Systems• SAT Reset exceptions
– Climate zones 1a, 2a,3a
– Systems that prevent
reheating, re-cooling or
mixing
Section 6
mixing
– Systems where 75% of
reheat comes from recovery
or solar.
![Page 38: Standard 90.1-2010 Update](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051412/54b6a00f4a795922708b457a/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
HVAC Systems• Additional requirements
for reheat/re-cool minimums– 20% zone design peak supply
rate during deadband and
Section 6
rate during deadband and 50% zone peak design rate for full heating
– Meant to help with stratification in heating from ceiling diffusers
• Overheat heating SAT limited to 20 °F above temperature set point
Goal: Reduce heating air flow to minimum level where overhead distribution is still effective
![Page 39: Standard 90.1-2010 Update](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051412/54b6a00f4a795922708b457a/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
HVAC Systems• Climatic based
requirement for energy recovery– 6.5.6
– Based on climate zone, size and % outdoor air
Section 6
and % outdoor air
• New requirements for garage and kitchen hood ventilation– 6.4.3.4.5 and 6.5.7
– Garage systems shall modulate to 50% based on contaminants Goal: Fan power savings in garages and
kitchen exhaust systems
![Page 40: Standard 90.1-2010 Update](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051412/54b6a00f4a795922708b457a/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
HVAC Systems• New requirements for
lab exhaust
– 6.5.7.2
– Need to be VAV above
5000 cfm
Section 6
5000 cfm
![Page 41: Standard 90.1-2010 Update](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051412/54b6a00f4a795922708b457a/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
Service Water Heating• No changes from
2007 version
Section 7
![Page 42: Standard 90.1-2010 Update](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051412/54b6a00f4a795922708b457a/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
Power• Half of all convenience
power outlets shall be controlled such that power is turned off when space is not occupied
Section 8
not occupied– 8.4.2
• Efficiency requirements added for dry type transformers– 8.1.2
– Reflect 2005 Federal requirements Goal: Std 90.1 in line with Federal codes
![Page 43: Standard 90.1-2010 Update](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051412/54b6a00f4a795922708b457a/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
Lighting• Increased documentation
requirements– 9.7
• Lighting alteration requirements now– Take effect at 10%
Section 9
– Take effect at 10% replacement
– Include exterior areas
– Include renovations even when it is just lamp/ballast replacement
– Require compliance with auto shut requirements
– 9.1.2
![Page 44: Standard 90.1-2010 Update](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051412/54b6a00f4a795922708b457a/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
Lighting• Changes to lighting
power density (LPD) values – tables 9.5.1 and 9.6.1
• Adjustment Factor added
Section 9
• Adjustment Factor added for tall spaces– 9.6.3
• Additional LPD allowed when using certain non mandatory controls– 9.6.2c
![Page 45: Standard 90.1-2010 Update](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051412/54b6a00f4a795922708b457a/html5/thumbnails/45.jpg)
Lighting• Allowances for retail
lighting have been reduced
– 9.6.2b
Section 9
• Multi-use spaces now use multiple LPD valves
– 9.6.1
![Page 46: Standard 90.1-2010 Update](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051412/54b6a00f4a795922708b457a/html5/thumbnails/46.jpg)
Lighting• Exterior lighting now
broken into 5 zones based on ambient light levels
9.6.1
Section 9
– 9.6.1
– Undeveloped park area
to high traffic
commercial zone
![Page 47: Standard 90.1-2010 Update](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051412/54b6a00f4a795922708b457a/html5/thumbnails/47.jpg)
Lighting• Light control changes include
(9.4)– Bi level control
– Auto shut off based on occupancy required in more spaces
– Certain required controls must be
Section 9
– Certain required controls must be manual/auto on to no more than 50% power
– Deleted 5000 ft² threshold for auto shutoff
– Functional testing of some lighting controls now required (9.4.4)
– Daylight harvesting required in certain situations 5.5.4.2.3
![Page 48: Standard 90.1-2010 Update](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051412/54b6a00f4a795922708b457a/html5/thumbnails/48.jpg)
Other Equipment• Control requirements
for water pressure booster pump systems
10.4.2
Section 10
– 10.4.2
– Variable flow design
– Don’t dead head a pump
Goal: Avoid pump work during low or no flow requirement periods
![Page 49: Standard 90.1-2010 Update](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051412/54b6a00f4a795922708b457a/html5/thumbnails/49.jpg)
Other Equipment• Requirements added
to limit lighting and fan power in elevator cabs and de-energize during stand by mode
Section 10
during stand by mode– 10.4.3
• Motor efficiency tables changed for motors built after 12/19/2010– Table 10.8a,b,c
Goal: Keep Std 90.1 in line with Federal motor requirements
![Page 50: Standard 90.1-2010 Update](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051412/54b6a00f4a795922708b457a/html5/thumbnails/50.jpg)
ECB Method• No changes to 2010
version
• Case sample provided in previous
Section 11
Large Office
provided in previous Users manual has been deleted
– Can be downloaded
from ASHRAE
Secondary School
![Page 51: Standard 90.1-2010 Update](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051412/54b6a00f4a795922708b457a/html5/thumbnails/51.jpg)
Performance Rating Method• Can use Appendix G to rate
buildings for other than compliance with Std 90.1– LEED
– Appendix G is nota compliance path
• A building complies with Std
Appendix G
High-rise Apartment
• A building complies with Std 90.1 (section 11) if the proposed design energy cost ≤ energy cost budget
• In Appendix G Proposed building performance ≥ baseline building performance
Hospital
![Page 52: Standard 90.1-2010 Update](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051412/54b6a00f4a795922708b457a/html5/thumbnails/52.jpg)
Performance Rating Method• Now normative part of the
Standard whereas it was informative
• Heated only storage spaces have been added
Appendix G
High-rise Apartment
spaces have been added– G3.1.1
• 2 rules added to ventilation rules for baseline HVAC systems– G3.1.2.6
Hospital
![Page 53: Standard 90.1-2010 Update](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051412/54b6a00f4a795922708b457a/html5/thumbnails/53.jpg)
Questions?