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Standing Strong Together Addressing Vicarious Trauma in Rural Rape Crisis Work
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Learning Objectives
• Participants will be able to identify and understand the particularities of vicarious trauma for rural advocates.
• Participants will be able to create strategies for building personal resiliency in their rural practice.
• Participants will be able to describe the organizational commitment necessary to support and maintain healthy rural advocates.
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VT & Rape Crisis Work
“Workers in rape-crisis programs experience a range of complex emotional, spiritual, and physical reactions to their jobs. Rape crisis work is more than a job; it affects workers’ personal relationships, view of the world, and perceptions of safety and vulnerability as women.” Clemans, 2004
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Vicarious Trauma
•Vicarious • the experience of another human being
affects your own self
• Trauma • the reaction/experience of the worker is
specifically related to the trauma experienced by another
• the reaction is similar to the trauma response of survivors
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Vicarious Trauma
•One outcome of working with survivors of violence
• Effects are cumulative and build upon memories obtained through listening to the experiences of survivors
(Richardson, 2001)
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WHAT DOES VICARIOUS TRAUMA LOOK LIKE?
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Vicarious Trauma
• Creates a permanent, subtle or marked change in the personal, political, spiritual, and professional outlook of the advocate
• Affects the advocate’s view of the world and their relationships and connections to family, friends, and community
(Richardson, 2001)
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Burnout
• Describes a severe state of exhaustion or lack of energy, that is usually brought on by unreasonable work expectations or environmental work related stress.
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WHERE DOES VICARIOUS TRAUMA COME FROM?
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WHAT’S DIFFERENT FOR RURAL ADVOCATES?
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Rural Vicarious Trauma
• Everybody knows everybody
• Fewer resources and colleagues
• More isolation
• Complex trauma and needs
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Vicarious Resilience
• What lessons of strength and hope can we learn from the survivors we serve?
• When have you seen your community come together to do something great?
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“Taking care of ourselves while taking care of others
allows us to contribute to our society with such
impact that we will leave a legacy informed by our
deepest wisdom and greatest gifts instead of
burdened with our struggles and despairs.”
(van Dernoot Lipsky, 2009)
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Areas of Personal Impact
Heart & Mind
Body
Spirit
Professional
Relationships
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Re
fram
ing
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Activism
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Know your place in the work
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Boundaries
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Actually practice self-care
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WHAT ARE SOME ORGANIZATIONAL STRATEGIES?
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Supportive Leadership
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Strong Ethics and Shared Vision
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Training
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Standing Together
Both an individual and organizational
challenge
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Make Safe Spaces
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Empowerment
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References Arches, J. (1997). Burnout and social action. Journal of Progressive Human Services, 8 (2), 51-
63. Bein, K. (2009). Harnessing our collective power: Towards the creation of a feminist
management model. Unpublished manuscript. Bell, H., Kulkarni, S., & Dalton, L. (2003). Organizational prevention of vicarious trauma.
Families in Society, 84 (4), 463-470. Bober, T., and Regehr, C. (2006). Strategies for reducing secondary or vicarious trauma: Do they
work? Brief Treatment and Crisis Intervention 6(1), 1-9. Clemans, S. (2004). Life changing: The experience of rape-crisis work. Affilia 19 (2), 146-159. Pearlman, L.A. & McKay, L. (2008). Understanding and Addressing Vicarious Trauma.
Headington Institute. Richardson, J. I. (2001). Guidebook on vicarious trauma: Recommended solutions for
anti‐violence workers. Schauben, L., and Frazer, P. (1995). Vicarious trauma: The effects on female counselors of
working with sexual violence survivors. Psychology of Women Quarterly 19, 49-64. Trippany, R., White-Kress, V., Wilcoxon, S. (2004). Preventing vicarious trauma: What
counselors should know when working with trauma survivors. Journal of Counseling and Development 82, 31-37.
Van Dernoot Lipsky, L. (2007). Trauma Stewardship: An Everyday Guide to Caring for Self While Caring for Others.
Wasco, S., Campbell, R., and Clark, M. (2002). A multiple case study of rape victim advocates’ self-care routines: The influence of organizational context. American Journal of Community Psychology 30(5), 731-760.