statcon chapters 1 and 2 cases

7/25/2019 StatCon Chapters 1 and 2 Cases

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G.R. No. L-63915 April 24, 1985

LORENZO M. TAADA, ABRAHAM . !ARM"ENTO, #$% MO&EMENT O ATTORNE'! OR BROTHERHOOD,"NTEGR"T' AND NAT"ONAL"!M, "N(. )MAB"N"*, petitioners,vs.HON. +AN (. T&ERA, i$ i /#p#/i0 # E/0i Ai0#$0 0o 0 ri%$0, HON. +OA7"N &EN!, i$i /#p#/i0 # Dp0 E/0i Ai0#$0 0o 0 ri%$0 , MEL7"ADE! . DE LA (RZ, i$ i /#p#/i0

# Dir/0or, M#l#/##$ R/or% O::i/, #$% LORENDO !. ABLO, i$ i /#p#/i0 # Dir/0or, Br# o:ri$0i$, respondents.

E!(OL"N, J.;

!'LLAB!

1. CONSTITUTIONAL LAW; STATUTES; PUBLICATION IN THE OFFICIAL GAETTE; LEGAL PE!SONALIT" OFPETITIONE!S TO FILE #AN$A#US TO CO#PEL PUBLICATION, !ECOGNIE$. % T&e s'()e*t o+ t&e petition ito *ope- t&e per+orn*e o+ p'(-i* d't/ nd petitioners intin t&e/ need not s&o0 n/ spe*i+i* interest +ot&eir petition to (e iven d'e *o'rse. T&e ri&t so'&t to (e en+or*ed (/ petitioners is p'(-i* ri&t re*oni2ed (/ no

-ess t&n t&e +'ndent- -0 o+ t&e -nd. I+ petitioners 0ere not --o0ed to instit'te t&is pro*eedin, it 0o'-d indeed(e di++i*'-t to *on*eive o+ n/ ot&er person to initite t&e se, *onsiderin t&t t&e So-i*itor Gener-, t&overnent o++i*er ener--/ epo0ered to represent t&e peop-e, &s entered &is ppern*e +or respondents it&is *se

3. I$.; I$.; I$.; A!TICLE 3 CI4IL CO$E $OES NOT P!ECLU$E PUBLICATION IN THE OFFICIAL GAETTEE4EN IF THE LAW ITSELF P!O4I$ES FO! $ATE OF ITS EFFECTI4IT". % T&t p'(-i*tion in t&e O++i*iG2ette is not sine 5' non re5'ireent +or t&e e++e*tivit/ o+ -0s 0&ere t&e -0s t&ese-ves provide +or t&eir o0e++e*tivit/ dtes is *orre*t on-/ inso+r s it e5'tes t&e e++e*tivit/ o+ -0s 0it& t&e +*t o+ p'(-i*tion. Considered it&e -i&t o+ ot&er stt'tes pp-i*(-e to t&e iss'e t &nd, t&e *on*-'sion is esi-/ re*&ed t&t sid Arti*-e 3 doesnot pre*-'de t&e re5'ireent o+ p'(-i*tion in t&e O++i*i- G2ette, even i+ t&e -0 itse-+ provides +or t&e dte o+ ite++e*tivit/.

6. I$.; I$.; I$.; !ATIONALE. % T&e *-er o()e*t o+ Arti*-e 3 o+ t&e Civi- Code is to ive t&e ener- p'(-i* de5'tnoti*e o+ t&e vrio's -0s 0&i*& re to re'-te t&eir *tions nd *ond'*t s *iti2ens. Wit&o't s'*& noti*e np'(-i*tion, t&ere 0o'-d (e no (sis +or t&e pp-i*tion o+ t&e 7i 8inornti -eis non e7*'st.8 It 0o'-d (e t&&ei&t o+ in)'sti*e to p'nis& or ot&er0ise ('rden *iti2en +or t&e trnsression o+ -0 o+ 0&i*& &e &d no noti*e0&tsoever, not even *onstr'*tive one

9. I$.; I$.; I$.; PUBLICATION OF P!ESI$ENTIAL ISSUANCES 8OF A PUBLIC NATU!E8 O! 8OF GENE!AAPPLICABILIT",8 A !E:UI!E#ENT OF $UE P!OCESS; UNPUBLISHE$ P!ESI$ENTIAL ISSUANCESWITHOUT FO!CE AN$ EFFECT. % T&e p'(-i*tion o+ -- presidentiiss'n*es 8o+ p'(-i* nt're8 or 8o+ enerpp-i*(i-it/8 is ndted (/ -0. O(vio's-/, presidenti- de*rees t&t provide +or +ines, +or+eit'res or pen-ties +ot&eir vio-tion or ot&er0ise ipose ('rden on t&e peop-e, s'*& s t7 nd reven'e es'res, +-- 0it&in t&is*teor/. Ot&er presidentiiss'n*es 0&i*& pp-/ on-/ to prti*'-r persons s'*& s dinistrtive nd e7e*'tive

orders need not (e p'(-is&ed on t&e ss'ption t&t t&e/ &ve (een *ir*'-ri2ed to -- *on*erned. Peop-e v. :'ePo L/, ; B-('en, Et. A-. v. Se*retr/ o+ Ed'*tion, Et A-., 11> P&i-. 1?>@ It is need-ess to dd t&t t&p'(-i*tion o+ presidentiiss'n*es 8o+ p'(-i* nt're8 or 8o+ enerpp-i*(i-it/8 is re5'ireent o+ d'e pro*essIt is r'-e o+ -0 t&t (e+ore person / (e (o'nd (/ -0, &e 'st +irst (e o++i*i--/ nd spe*i+i*--/ in+ored o+ it*ontents. T&e Co'rt t&ere+ore de*-res t&t presidentiiss'n*es o+ enerpp-i*tion, 0&i*& &ve not (eenp'(-is&ed, s&-- &ve no +or*e nd e++e*t

?. I$.; I$.; I$.; $ECLA!ATION OF IN4ALI$IT" OF UNPUBLISHE$ P!ESI$ENTIAL $EC!EES $OES NOTAFFECT THOSE WHICH HA4E BEEN ENFO!CE$ O! I#PLE#ENTE$ P!IO! TO THEI! PUBLICATION. % T&eip-eenttionen+or*eent o+ presidenti- de*rees prior to t&eir p'(-i*tion in t&e O++i*i- G2ette is 8n opertiv+*t 0&i*& / &ve *onse5'en*es 0&i*& *nnot (e )'st-/ inored. T&e pst *nnot -0/s (e ersed (/ ne0)'di*i- de*-rtion . . .t&t n -- in*-'sive stteent o+ prin*ip-e o+ (so-'te retro*tive inv-idit/ *nnot (


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)'sti+ied.8

FE!NAN$O, C.J., *on*'rrin 0it& 5'-i+i*tion1. CONSTITUTIONAL LAW; STATUTES; PUBLICATION !E:UI!E#ENT NEE$ NOT BE CONFINE$ TO THEOFFICIAL GAETTE. % It is o+ *o'rse tr'e t&t 0it&o't t&e re5'isite p'(-i*tion, d'e pro*ess 5'estion 0o'-rise i+ de to pp-/ dverse-/ to prt/ 0&o is not even 0re o+ t&e e7isten*e o+ n/ -eis-tive or e7e*'tive *&vin t&e +or*e nd e++e*t o+ -0. B't s'*& p'(-i*tion re5'ired need not (e *on+ined to t&e O++i*i- G2ette. Frot&e prti* stndpoint, t&ere is n dvnte to (e ined. It *ond'*es to *ertint/. T&t is to (e ditted. It doenot +o--o0, &o0ever, t&t +i-'re to do so 0o'-d in -- *ses nd 'nder -- *ir*'stn*es res'-t in stt'te

presidenti- de*ree, or n/ ot&er e7e*'tive *t o+ t&e se *teor/ (ein (ere+t o+ n/ (indin +or*e nd e++e*t. Toso &o-d 0o'-d rise *onstit'tion- 5'estion. S'*& prono'n*eent 0o'-d -end itse-+ to t&e interprettion t&t s'* -eis-tive or presidenti- *t is (ere+t o+ t&e ttri('te o+ e++e*tivit/ 'n-ess p'(-is&ed in t&e O++i*i- G2ette. T&ere ino s'*& re5'ireent in t&e Constit'tion

3. I$.; I$.; I$.; I$.; !E:UI!E#ENT IN A!T. 3 CI4IL CO$E $OES NOT HA4E THE U$ICIAL FO!CE OF ACONSTITUTIONAL CO##AN$. % T&e C&ie+ 'sti*eDs 5'-i+ied *on*'rren*e oes no +'rt&er t&n to ++ir t&p'(-i*tion is essenti- to t&e e++e*tivit/ o+ -eis-tive or e7e*'tive *t o+ enerpp-i*tion. He is not ireeent 0it& t&e vie0 t&t s'*& p'(-i*tion 'st (e in t&e O++i*i- G2ette. T&e Civi- Code itse-+ in its Arti*-e 3e7press-/ re*oni2es t&t t&e r'-e s to -0s tin e++e*t +ter +i+teen d/s +o--o0in t&e *op-etion o+ t&ep'(-i*tion in t&e O++i*i- G2ette is s'()e*t to t&is e7*eption, 8'n-ess it is ot&er0ise provided.8 #oreover, t&e CivCode is itse-+ on-/ -eis-tive en*tent, !ep'(-i* A*t No. 6=. It does not nd *nnot &ve t&e )'ridi*- +or*e o+ *onstit'tion- *ond. A -ter -eis-tive or e7e*'tive *t 0&i*& &s t&e +or*e nd e++e*t o+ -0 *n -e--/ provide

+or di++erent r'-e

6. I$.; I$.; I$.; TO $ECLA!E UNPUBLISHE$ P!ESI$ENTIAL ISSUANCES WITHOUT LEGAL FO!CE AN$EFFECT WOUL$ !ESULT IN UN$ESI!ABLE CONSE:UENCES. % Nor does t&e C&ie+ 'sti*e ree 0it& t&ert&er s0eepin *on*-'sion in t&e opinion o+ 'sti*e Es*o-in t&t presidenti- de*rees nd e7e*'tive *ts not t&'previo's-/ p'(-is&ed in t&e O++i*i- G2ette 0o'-d (e devoid o+ n/ -e- *&r*ter. T&t 0o'-d (e, in &is opinion, too too +r. It / (e +r'&t, s er-ier noted, 0it& 'ndesir(-e *onse5'en*es. He +inds &ise-+ t&ere+ore 'n(-e t/ie-d ssent to s'*& prono'n*eent

TEEHANEE, J., *on*'rrin1. CONSTITUTIONAL LAW; STATUTES, PUBLICATION IN THE OFFICIAL GAETTE; NECESSA!" PU!SUANTTO THE BASIC CONSTITUTIONAL !E:UI!E#ENTS OF $UE P!OCESS. % T&e !'-e o+ L0 *onnotes (od/ o

nors nd -0s p'(-is&ed nd s*ertin(-e nd o+ e5'- pp-i*tion to -- sii-r-/ *ir*'stn*ed nd not s'()e*to r(itrr/ *&ne ('t on-/ 'nder *ertin set pro*ed're. T&e Co'rt &d *onsistent-/ stressed t&t 8it is ne-eentr/ r'-e o+ +ir p-/ nd )'sti*e t&t reson(-e opport'nit/ to (e in+ored 'st (e ++orded to t&e peop-e0&o re *onded to o(e/ (e+ore t&e/ *n (e p'nis&ed +or its vio-tion,8 Peop-e v. de $ios, G.!. No. L11>>6A''st 61, 1


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CONSTITUTIONAL LAW; STATUTES; PUBLICATION IN THE OFFICIAL GAETTE; !ET!OACTI4IT" INEFFECTI4IT" $ATE NOT ALLOWE$ WHE!E IT WILL !UN COUNTE! TO CONSTITUTIONAL !IGHTS O!$EST!O" 4ESTE$ !IGHTS. % T&ere *nnot (e n/ 5'estion ('t t&t even i+ de*ree provides +or dte oe++e*tivit/, it &s to (e p'(-is&ed. W&en dte e++e*tivit/ is entioned in t&e de*ree ('t t&e de*ree (e*oee++e*tive on-/ +i+teen 1?@ d/s +ter its p'(-i*tion in t&e O++i*i- G2ette, it 0i-- not en t&t t&e de*ree *n &vretro*tive e++e*t to t&e dte o+ e++e*tivit/ entioned in t&e de*ree itse-+. T&ere s&o'-d (e no retro*tivit/ i+ t&retro*tivit/ 0i-- r'n *o'nter to *onstit'tion- ri&ts or s&-- destro/ vested ri&ts.

PLANA, J., seprte opinion1. CONSTITUTIONAL LAW; STATUTES; PUBLICATION IN THE OFFICIAL GAETTE NOT ESSENTIAL FO!EFFECTI4IT" FO! EFFECTI4IT" OF LAWS. % T&e P&i-ippine Constit'tion does not re5'ire t&e p'(-i*tion o-0s s prere5'isite +or t&eir e++e*tivit/, 'n-ie soe Constit'tions e-se0&ere. It / (e sid t&o'& t&t t&e'rntee o+ d'e pro*ess re5'ires noti*e o+ -0s to ++e*ted prties (e+ore t&e/ *n (e (o'nd t&ere(/; ('t s'*noti*e is not ne*essri-/ (/ p'(-i*tion in t&e O++i*i- G2ette. T&e d'e pro*ess *-'se is not t&t pre*ise. Neit&er it&e p'(-i*tion in t&e O++i*i- G2ette re5'ired (/ n/ stt'te s prere5'isite +or t&eir e++e*tivit/, i+ sid -0s -redprovide +or t&eir e++e*tivit/ dte

3. I$.; I$.; PUBLICATION #A" BE #A$E ELSEWHE!E THAN IN THE OFFICIAL GAETTE. % Arti*-e 3 o+ t&Civi- Code provides t&t 8-0s s&-- te e++e*t +ter +i+teen d/s +o--o0in t&e *op-etion o+ t&eir p'(-i*tion in t&eO++i*i- G2ette, 'n-ess it is ot&er0ise provided.8 T0o t&ins / (e sid o+ t&is provision First-/, it o(vio's-/ doenot pp-/ to -0 0it& ('i-tin provision s to 0&en it 0i-- te e++e*t. Se*ond-/, it *-er-/ re*oni2es t&t e*& -0

/ provide not on-/ di++erent period +or re*onin its e++e*tivit/ dte ('t -so di++erent ode o+ noti*e. T&'s, -0 / pres*ri(e t&t it s&-- (e p'(-is&ed e-se0&ere t&n in t&e O++i*i- G2ette.

6. I$.; I$.; CO##ONWEALTH ACT =6 CANNOT NULLIF" O! !EST!ICT OPE!ATION OF A STATUTE WITH AP!O4ISION AS TO ITS EFFECTI4IT". % Not -- -eis-tive *ts re re5'ired to (e p'(-is&ed in t&e O++i*i- G2ette('t on-/ 8iportnt8 ones 8o+ p'(-i* nt're.8 #oreover, Coon0e-t& A*t No. =6 does not provide t&p'(-i*tion in t&e O++i*i- G2ette is essenti- +or t&e e++e*tivit/ o+ -0s. T&is is s it s&o'-d (e, +or -- stt'tes re5'- nd stnd on t&e se +ootin. A -0, espe*i--/ n er-ier one o+ enerpp-i*tion s'*& s Coon0e-t&A*t No. =6, *nnot n'--i+/ or restri*t t&e opertion o+ s'(se5'ent stt'te t&t &s provision o+ its o0n s t0&en nd &o0 it 0i-- te e++e*t. On-/ &i&er -0, 0&i*& is t&e Constit'tion, *n ss'e t&e ro-e.

DE("!"ON

Invoin t&e peop-es ri&t to (e in+ored on tters o+ p'(-i* *on*ern, ri&t re*oni2ed in Se*tion =, Arti*-e I4 ot&e 1


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t&e petitioner, nd to p/ t&e des s'stined (/ t&e petitioner (/ reson o+ t&e 0ron+'- *ts ot&e de+endnt.

Upon t&e ot&er &nd, petitioners intin t&t sin*e t&e s'()e*t o+ t&e petition *on*erns p'(-i* ri&t nd its o()e*is to *ope- t&e per+orn*e o+ p'(-i* d't/, t&e/ need not s&o0 n/ spe*i+i* interest +or t&eir petition to (e ived'e *o'rse.

T&e iss'e posed is not one o+ +irst ipression. As er-/ s t&e 1 *se o+Severino vs. Governor General, 3t&is

Co'rt &e-d t&t 0&i-e t&e ener- r'-e is t&t 8 0rit o+ nd's 0o'-d (e rnted to privte individ'- on-/ it&ose *ses 0&ere &e &s soe privte or prti*'-r interest to (e s'(served, or soe prti*'-r ri&t to (eprote*ted, independent o+ t&t 0&i*& &e &o-ds 0it& t&e p'(-i* t -re,8 nd 8it is +or t&e p'(-i* o++i*ers e7*-'sive-/ topp-/ +or t&e 0rit 0&en p'(-i* ri&ts re to (e s'(served K#it&*&e-- vs. Borden, J< #.e., 9=


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T&e interprettion iven (/ respondent is in **ord 0it& t&is Co'rts *onstr'*tion o+ sid rti*-e. In -on -ine ode*isions,4 t&is Co'rt &s r'-ed t&t p'(-i*tion in t&e O++i*i- G2ette is ne*essr/ in t&ose *ses 0&ere t&e-eis-tion itse-+ does not provide +or its e++e*tivit/ dte+or t&en t&e dte o+ p'(-i*tion is teri- +or deterinin itdte o+ e++e*tivit/, 0&i*& is t&e +i+teent& d/ +o--o0in its p'(-i*tion('t not 0&en t&e -0 itse-+ provides +or t&e dt0&en it oes into e++e*t.

!espondents r'ent, &o0ever, is -oi*--/ *orre*t on-/ inso+r s it e5'tes t&e e++e*tivit/ o+ -0s 0it& t&e +*t op'(-i*tion. Considered in t&e -i&t o+ ot&er stt'tes pp-i*(-e to t&e iss'e t &nd, t&e *on*-'sion is esi-/ re*&e

t&t sid Arti*-e 3 does not pre*-'de t&e re5'ireent o+ p'(-i*tion in t&e O++i*i- G2ette, even i+ t&e -0 itseprovides +or t&e dte o+ its e++e*tivit/. T&'s, Se*tion 1 o+ Coon0e-t& A*t =6 provides s +o--o0s

Se*tion 1. T&ere s&-- (e p'(-is&ed in t&e O++i*i- G2ette K1 -- iportnt -eisitive *ts ndreso-'tions o+ p'(-i* nt're o+ t&e, Conress o+ t&e P&i-ippines; K3 -- e7e*'tive nd dinistrtiveorders nd pro*-tions, e7*ept s'*& s &ve no enerpp-i*(i-it/; K6 de*isions or (str*ts ode*isions o+ t&e S'pree Co'rt nd t&e Co'rt o+ Appe-s s / (e deeed (/ sid *o'rts os'++i*ient iportn*e to (e so p'(-is&ed; K9 s'*& do*'ents or *-sses o+ do*'ents s / (ere5'ired so to (e p'(-is&ed (/ -0; nd K? s'*& do*'ents or *-sses o+ do*'ents s t&ePresident o+ t&e P&i-ippines s&-- deterine +ro tie to tie to &ve enerpp-i*(i-it/ nd -ee++e*t, or 0&i*& &e / 't&ori2e so to (e p'(-is&ed. ...

T&e *-er o()e*t o+ t&e (ove5'oted provision is to ive t&e ener- p'(-i* de5'te noti*e o+ t&e vrio's -0s0&i*& re to re'-te t&eir *tions nd *ond'*t s *iti2ens. Wit&o't s'*& noti*e nd p'(-i*tion, t&ere 0o'-d (e no(sis +or t&e pp-i*tion o+ t&e 7i 8inornti -eis non e7*'st.8 It 0o'-d (e t&e &ei&t o+ in)'sti*e to p'nis& oot&er0ise ('rden *iti2en +or t&e trnsression o+ -0 o+ 0&i*& &e &d no noti*e 0&tsoever, not even *onstr'*tive one.

Per&ps t no tie sin*e t&e est(-is&ent o+ t&e P&i-ippine !ep'(-i* &s t&e p'(-i*tion o+ -0s ten so vitsini+i*n*e t&t t t&is tie 0&en t&e peop-e &ve (esto0ed 'pon t&e President po0er &ereto+ore en)o/ed so-e-/(/ t&e -eis-t're. W&i-e t&e peop-e re ept (rest (/ t&e ss edi o+ t&e de(tes nd de-i(ertions in t&eBtsn P(ns%nd +or t&e di-ient ones, red/ **ess to t&e -eis-tive re*ords%no s'*& p'(-i*it

**opnies t&e -0in pro*ess o+ t&e President. T&'s, 0it&o't p'(-i*tion, t&e peop-e &ve no ens ono0in 0&t presidenti- de*rees &ve *t'--/ (een pro'-ted, '*& -ess de+inite 0/ o+ in+orint&ese-ves o+ t&e spe*i+i* *ontents nd te7ts o+ s'*& de*rees. As t&e S'pree Co'rt o+ Spin r'-ed 8B)o -denoin*ion eneri* de -e/es, se *oprenden t(ien -os re-entos, !e-es de*retos, Instr'**ionesCir*'-res / !e-es ordines di*tds de *on+oridd *on -s iss por e- Go(ierno en 'so de s' potestd.5

T&e ver/ +irst *-'se o+ Se*tion I o+ Coon0e-t& A*t =6 reds 8T&ere s&-- (e p'(-is&ed in t&e O++i*iG2ette ... .8 T&e 0ord 8s&--8 'sed t&erein iposes 'pon respondent o++i*i-s n ipertive d't/. T&t d't/ 'st (en+or*ed i+ t&e Constit'tion- ri&t o+ t&e peop-e to (e in+ored on tters o+ p'(-i* *on*ern is to (e ives'(stn*e nd re-it/. T&e -0 itse-+ es -ist o+ 0&t s&o'-d (e p'(-is&ed in t&e O++i*i- G2ette. S'*& -istin, to'r ind, -eves respondents 0it& no dis*retion 0&tsoever s to 0&t 'st (e in*-'ded or e7*-'ded +ro s'*&

p'(-i*tion.

T&e p'(-i*tion o+ -- presidentiiss'n*es 8o+ p'(-i* nt're8 or 8o+ enerpp-i*(i-it/8 is ndted (/ -0O(vio's-/, presidenti- de*rees t&t provide +or +ines, +or+eit'res or pen-ties +or t&eir vio-tion or ot&er0ise ipose ('rden or. t&e peop-e, s'*& s t7 nd reven'e es'res, +-- 0it&in t&is *teor/. Ot&er presidentiiss'n*e0&i*& pp-/ on-/ to prti*'-r persons or *-ss o+ persons s'*& s dinistrtive nd e7e*'tive orders need not (ep'(-is&ed on t&e ss'ption t&t t&e/ &ve (een *ir*'-ri2ed to -- *on*erned. 6


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It is need-ess to dd t&t t&e p'(-i*tion o+ presidentiiss'n*es 8o+ p'(-i* nt're8 or 8o+ enerpp-i*(i-it/8 is re5'ireent o+ d'e pro*ess. It is r'-e o+ -0 t&t (e+ore person / (e (o'nd (/ -0, &e 'st +irst (e o++i*i-nd spe*i+i*--/ in+ored o+ its *ontents. As 'sti*e C-'dio Tee&nee sid inPeralta vs. COMELEC


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(een p'(-is&ed in t&e O++i*i- G2ette or in soe ot&er p'(-i*tion, even t&o'& soe *riin- -0s provide t&t&e/ s&-- te e++e*t iedite-/.

WHE!EFO!E, t&e Co'rt &ere(/ orders respondents to p'(-is& in t&e O++i*i- G2ette -- 'np'(-is&ed presidentiiss'n*es 0&i*& re o+ enerpp-i*tion, nd 'n-ess so p'(-is&ed, t&e/ s&-- &ve no (indin +or*e nd e++e*t.

SO O!$E!E$.

Cse $iest Td vs. T'verG.R. No. L-63915 >146 !(RA 446? April 24, 1985T##%# . Tr#A(T!;Petitioners so'&t 0rit o+ nd's to *ope- respondent p'(-i* o++i*i-s to p'(-is&, ndor *'se t&e p'(-i*tioin t&e O++i*i- G2ette o+ vrio's presidenti- de*rees, -etters o+ instr'*tions, ener- orders, pro*-tionse7e*'tive orders, -etter o+ ip-eenttion nd dinistrtive orders, invoin t&e ri&t to (e in+ored on tters op'(-i* *on*ern s re*oni2ed (/ t&e 1


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G. R. No. 18


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On 1 Septe(er 3>>>, petitioner Western Bi*'tn Lot O0ners Asso*ition, In*. WBLOAI@ +i-ed PetitioninIntervention s'(stnti--/ pr/in +or t&e se re-ie+s s t&ose pr/ed +or (/ N#S#I 0it& rerd to t&e re t&+orer t&en o**'pied *overin Lot J o+ SWO>>>>16>3 in Western Bi*'tn.?

T&'s, on 1 Septe(er 3>>=, COSLAP iss'ed !eso-'tion=rntin t&e Petition nd de*-rin t&e portions o+ -ndin 5'estion -ien(-e nd dispos(-e, 0it& Asso*ite Coissioner Lin A'i-rGener- dissentin.J

T&e COSLAP r'-ed t&t t&e &nd0ritten ddend' o+ President #r*os 0s n inter- prt o+ Pro*-tion No39J=, nd 0s t&ere+ore, *ontro--in. T&e intention o+ t&e President *o'-d not (e de+eted (/ t&e ne-ien*e oindverten*e o+ ot&ers. F'rt&er, *onsiderin t&t Pro*-tion No. 39J= 0s done 0&i-e t&e +orer President 0

e7er*isin -eis-tive po0ers, it *o'-d not (e ended, repe-ed or s'perseded, (/ ere e7e*'tive en*tentT&'s, Pro*-tion No. 1J3 *o'-d not &ve s'perseded '*& -ess disp-*ed Pro*-tion No. 39J=, s t&e -tte0s iss'ed on O*to(er 1=, 1>J.

T&'s, on 3< Apri- 3>>>= nd n'r/ 39, 3>>J iss'ed (/ t&e Coission on t&e Sett-eent o+ Lnd Pro(-es in COSLAP Cse No


11/24

Bot& Petitions (oi- do0n to t&e prin*ip- iss'e o+ 0&et&er t&e Co'rt o+ Appe-s erred in r'-in t&t t&e s'()e*t -ot0ere not -ien(-e nd dispos(-e (/ virt'e o+ Pro*-tion No. 39J= on t&e ro'nd t&t t&e &nd0ritten ddend'o+ President #r*os 0s not in*-'ded in t&e p'(-i*tion o+ t&e sid -0.THE (ORT! RL"NG

We den/ t&e Petitions +or -* o+ erit.Considerin t&t petitioners 0ere o**'p/in Lots 6 nd J o+ Western Bi*'tn s'()e*t -ots@, t&eir *-is 0eren*&ored on t&e &nd0ritten ddend' o+ President #r*os to Pro*-tion No. 39J=. T&e/ --ee t&t t&e +orePresident intended to in*-'de -- Western Bi*'tn in t&e re*-ssi+i*tion o+ portions o+ Fort Boni+*io s dispos(-e

p'(-i* -nd 0&en &e de nottion )'st (e-o0 t&e printed version o+ Pro*-tion No. 39J=.

Ho0ever, it is 'ndisp'ted t&t t&e &nd0ritten ddend' 0s not in*-'ded 0&en Pro*-tion No. 39J= 0p'(-is&ed in t&e O++i*i- G2ette.T&e reso-'tion o+ 0&et&er t&e s'()e*t -ots 0ere de*-red s re*-ssi+ied nd dispos(-e -ies in t&e deterintion o0&et&er t&e &nd0ritten ddend' o+ President #r*os &s t&e +or*e nd e++e*t o+ -0. In re-tion t&ereto, Arti*-e o+ t&e Civi- Code e7press-/ providesA!T. 3. L0s s&-- te e++e*t +ter +i+ teen d/s +o--o0in t&e *op-etion o+ t&eir p'(-i*tion in t&e O++i*i- G2ette'n-ess it is ot&er0ise provided. T&is Code s&-- te e++e*t one /er +ter s'*& p'(-i*tion.Under t&e (ove provision, t&e re5'ireent o+ p'(-i*tion is indispens(-e to ive e++e*t to t&e -0, 'n-ess t&e -0itse-+ &s ot&er0ise provided. T&e p&rse 'n-ess ot&er0ise provided re+ers to di++erent e++e*tivit/ dte ot&er t&+ter +i+teen d/s +o--o0in t&e *op-etion o+ t&e -0Ds p'(-i*tion in t&e O++i*i- G2ette, ('t does not ip-/ t&t t&re5'ireent o+ p'(-i*tion / (e dispensed 0it&. T&e iss'e o+ t&e re5'ireent o+ p'(-i*tion 0s -red/ sett-ed in

t&e -ndr *se )a*ada v. +on. )uvera'1=in 0&i*& 0e &d t&e o**sion to r'-e t&'s*r-vvon-ine-0-i(rr/li/#0io$ i i$%ip$#l i$ r /#, 0 0 lil#0r F# i$ i0 %i/r0io$ proi% 0#0 0 #l:i:0$-%# prio% #ll or0$% or 0$%%.An e7p-e, s pointed o't (/ t&e present C&ie+ 'sti*e in &isseprte *on*'rren*e in t&e oriin- de*ision, is t&e Civi- Code 0&i*& did not (e*oe e++e*tive +ter +i+teen d/+ro its p'(-i*tion in t&e O++i*i- G2ette ('t one /er +ter s'*& p'(-i*tion. T&e ener- r'-e did not pp-(e*'se it 0s ot&er0ise provided.

It is not *orre*t to s/ t&t 'nder t&e disp'ted *-'se p'(-i*tion / (e dispensed 0it& -toet&er. T&e reson it&t s'*& oission 0o'-d o++end d'e pro*ess inso+r s it 0o'-d den/ t&e p'(-i* no0-ede o+ t&e -0s t&t rs'pposed to overn it. S're-/, i+ t&e -eis-t're *o'-d v-id-/ provide t&t -0 s&-- (e*oe e++e*tive iedite-'pon its pprov- not0it&stndin t&e -* o+ p'(-i*tion or +ter n 'nreson(-/ s&ort period +ter p'(-i*tion@, is not 'n-ie-/ t&t persons not 0re o+ it 0o'-d (e pre)'di*ed s res'-t; nd t&e/ 0o'-d (e so not (e*'se o+

+i-'re to *op-/ 0it& it ('t sip-/ (e*'se t&e/ did not no0 o+ its e7isten*e. Sini+i*nt-/, t&is is not tr'e on-/ open- -0s s is *oon-/ s'pposed. One *n t&in o+ n/ nonpen- es'res, -ie -0 on pres*ription, 0&i*&'st -so (e *o'ni*ted to t&e persons t&e/ / ++e*t (e+ore t&e/ *n (ein to operte.

T&e ter 8-0s8 s&o'-d re+er to -- -0s nd not on-/ to t&ose o+ enerpp-i*tion, +or stri*t-/ spein -- -0sre-te to t&e peop-e in ener- -(eit t&ere re soe t&t do not pp-/ to t&e dire*t-/. An e7p-e is -0 rntin*iti2ens&ip to prti*'-r individ'-, -ie re-tive o+ President #r*os 0&o 0s de*reed instnt nt'r-i2tion. Is're-/ *nnot (e sid t&t s'*& -0 does not ++e*t t&e p'(-i* -t&o'& it 'n5'estion(-/ does not pp-/ dire*t-/ to-- t&e peop-e. T /0 o: / l# i # F#00r o: pli/ i$0r0 i/ #$ FFr o: 0 o% poli0i/F# I0io$ i$ 0 poli0i/#l :orF or, i: i # propr p#r0, $ i$ 0 /or0 o: 0i/. In +*t, -00it&o't n/ (erin on t&e p'(-i* 0o'-d (e inv-id s n intr'sion o+ priv*/ or s *-ss -eis-tion or s n '-trvires *t o+ t&e -eis-t're. To (e v-id, t&e -0 'st invri(-/ ++e*t t&e p'(-i* interest even i+ it i&t (e dire*t-pp-i*(-e on-/ to one individ'-, or soe o+ t&e peop-e on-/, nd not to t&e p'(-i* s 0&o-e.

We &o-d t&ere+ore t&t #ll 0#00, i$/l%i$ 0o o: lo/#l #ppli/#0io$ #$% pri#0 l#, #ll pli% ## /o$%i0io$ :or 0ir ::/0ii0, i/ #ll i$ :i:0$ %# #:0r pli/#0io$ $l # %i::r$0 ::/0ii0%#0 i :i% 0 lil#0r.

(or% 0i rl #r pri%$0i#l %/r #$% /0i or%r proFl#0% 0 ri%$0 i$ 0r/i o: lil#0i por0&enever t&e se re v-id-/ de-eted (/ t&e -eis-t're or, t present, dire*t-*on+erred (/ t&e Constit'tion. Adinistrtive r'-es nd re'-tions 'st -so (e p'(-is&ed i+ t&eir p'rpose is toen+or*e or ip-eent e7istin -0 p'rs'nt -so to v-id de-etion

7 7 7 7


12/24

A**ordin-/, even t&e *&rter o+ *it/ 'st (e p'(-is&ed not0it&stndin t&t it pp-ies to on-/ portion o+ t&ntion- territor/ nd dire*t-/ ++e*ts on-/ t&e in&(itnts o+ t&t p-*e.All pri%$0i#l %/r F0 pli%,in*-'din even, s/, t&ose nin p'(-i* p-*e +ter +vored individ'- or e7eptin &i +ro *ertipro&i(itions or re5'ireents. T&e *ir*'-rs iss'ed (/ t&e #onetr/ Bord 'st (e p'(-is&ed i+ t&e/ re ent noere-/ to interpret ('t to 8+i-- in t&e deti-s8 o+ t&e Centr- Bn A*t 0&i*& t&t (od/ is s'pposed to en+or*e

7 7 7 7

C #r 0#0 0 pli/#0io$ F0 i$ :ll or i0 i $o pli/#0io$ #0 #ll i$/ i0 prpo i 0o i$:orF 0

pli/ o: 0 /o$0$0 o: 0 l#.As *orre*t-/ pointed o't (/ t&e petitioners, t&e ere ention o+ t&e n'(er ot&e presidenti- de*ree, t&e tit-e o+ s'*& de*ree, its 0&ere(o'ts e.., 80it& Se*retr/ T'ver8@, t&e s'pposed dto+ e++e*tivit/, nd in ere s'pp-eent o+ t&e O++i*i- G2ette *nnot stis+/ t&e p'(-i*tion re5'ireent. T&is is noeven s'(stnti- *op-in*e. T&is 0s t&e nner, in*ident--/, in 0&i*& t&e Gener- Appropritions A*t +or F"1


13/24

It 0s 'ndisp'ted t&t t&e &nd0ritten ddend' 0s not in*-'ded 0&en Pro*-tion No. 39J= 0s p'(-is&ed int&e O++i*i- G2ette. T&e SC, &o0ever, noted t&t t&e iss'e o+ 0&et&er President #r*os intended to in*-'deWestern Bi*'tn in Pro*-tion No. 39J= 0s not on-/ irre-evnt ('t spe*'-tive. Co'rts *nnot spe*'-te on t&epro((-e intent o+ t&e -eis-t're prt +ro t&e 0ords pperin in t&e -0.

Citin Td v. Hon. T'ver, t&e SC -so reiterted t&t re5'ireent o+ p'(-i*tion is indispens(-e in order to ivee++e*t to t&e -0, 'n-ess t&e -0 itse-+ &s ot&er0ise provided. T&e p&rse 'n-ess ot&er0ise provided re+ers to di++erent e++e*tivit/ dte ot&er t&n +ter +i+teen d/s +o--o0in t&e *op-etion o+ t&e -0Ds p'(-i*tion in t&e O++i*i

G2ette. Nevert&e-ess, t&is does not ip-/ t&t t&e re5'ireent o+ p'(-i*tion / (e dispensed 0it&

P'(-i*tion is indispens(-e in ever/ *se, ('t t&e -eis-t're / in its dis*retion provide t&t t&e 's'- +i+teendperiod s&-- (e s&ortened or e7tended . . . It is not *orre*t to s/ t&t 'nder t&e disp'ted *-'se p'(-i*tion / (dispensed 0it& -toet&er. T&e reson is t&t s'*& oission 0o'-d o++end d'e pro*ess inso+r s it 0o'-d den/ t&ep'(-i* no0-ede o+ t&e -0s t&t re s'pposed to overn it.

T&e Co'rt -so *ited t&ose *overed 'nder t&e indispensi(-e r'-e o+ p'(-i*tion

K-- stt'tes, in*-'din t&ose o+ -o*- pp-i*tion nd privte -0s, s&-- (e p'(-is&ed s *ondition +or t&ee++e*tivit/, 0&i*& s&-- (ein +i+teen d/s +ter p'(-i*tion 'n-ess di++erent e++e*tivit/ dte is +i7ed (/ t&e -eis-t're

Covered (/ t&is r'-e re presidenti- de*rees nd e7e*'tive orders pro'-ted (/ t&e President in t&e e7er*ise o-eis-tive po0ers.

It is iportnt to note t&t p'(-i*tion 'st (e in +'-- or it is no p'(-i*tion t -- sin*e its p'rpose is to in+or t&p'(-i* o+ t&e *ontents o+ t&e -0s >N#K#K#i#$ M#r#li0# $ !i0io M#i#i . Mili0#r !ri$ !ri/, G.RNo. 18


14/24

G.R. No. L-1965= !p0Fr 29, 1966

(ALTE >H"L""NE!?, "N(.,petitionerppe--ee,

vs.ENR"(O ALOMAR, i$ i /#p#/i0 # THE O!TMA!TER GENERAL,respondentppe--nt.

Office of the Solicitor General for res&ondent and a&&ellant."oss' Sel&h and Carrascoso for &etitioner and a&&ellee.

S"LLABUS

6. STATUTO!" CONST!UCTION; CONST!UCTION $EFINE$; CASE AT BA!. % Constr'*tion is t&e rt opro*ess o+ dis*overin nd e7po'ndin t&e enin nd intention o+ t&e 't&ors o+ t&e -0 0it& respe*t to itspp-i*tion to iven *se, 0&ere t&t intention is rendered do'(t+'-, on ot&ers, (/ reson o+ t&e +*t t&t t&iven *se is not e7p-i*it-/ provided +or in t&e -0 B-*, Interprettion o+ L0s, p. 1@. In t&e present *se, t&5'estion o+ 0&et&er or not t&e s*&ee proposed (/ t&e ppe--ee is 0it&in t&e *overe o+ t&e pro&i(itive provisiono+ t&e Post- L0 ines*p(-/ re5'ires n in5'ir/ into t&e intended enin o+ t&e 0ords 'sed t&erein. T&is is

'*& 5'estion o+ *onstr'*tion or interprettion s n/ ot&er.

(A!TRO, J.

In t&e /er 1 t&e C-te7 P&i-ippines@ In*. &erein+ter re+erred to s C-te7@ *on*eived nd -id t&e ro'nd0or+or prootion- s*&ee *-*'-ted to dr' 'p ptrone +or its oi- prod'*ts. $enointed 8C-te7 Hooded P'pContest8, it *--s +or prti*ipnts t&erein to estite t&e *t'- n'(er o+ -iters &ooded s p'p t e*& C-testtion 0i-- dispense d'rin spe*i+ied period. Ep-o/ees o+ t&e C-te7 P&i-ippines@ In*., its de-ers nd itsdvertisin en*/, nd t&eir iedite +i-ies e7*epted, prti*iption is to (e open indis*riinte-/ to -- 8otove&i*-e o0ners ndor -i*ensed drivers8. For t&e privi-ee to prti*ipte, no +ee or *onsidertion is re5'ired to (epid, no p'r*&se o+ C-te7 prod'*ts re5'ired to (e de. Entr/ +ors re to (e de vi-(-e 'pon re5'est

e*& C-te7 sttion 0&ere se-ed *n 0i-- (e provided +or t&e deposit o+ **op-is&ed entr/ st'(s.

A t&reested 0inner se-e*tion s/ste is envisioned. At t&e sttion -eve-, *--ed 8$e-er Contest8, t&e *ontestn0&ose estite is *-osest to t&e *t'- n'(er o+ -iters dispensed (/ t&e &ooded p'p t&eret is to (e 0rded t&+irst pri2e; t&e ne7t *-osest, t&e se*ond; nd t&e ne7t, t&e t&ird. Pri2es t t&is -eve- *onsist o+ 6('rner erosenstove +or +irst; t&eros (ott-e nd !/O4* &'nter -ntern +or se*ond; nd n Everred/ #net-ite +-s&-i&0it& (tteries nd s*re0driver set +or t&ird. T&e +irstpri2e 0inner in e*& sttion 0i-- t&en (e 5'-i+ied to )oin in t&8!eion- Contest8 in seven di++erent reions. T&e 0innin st'(s o+ t&e 5'-i+ied *ontestnts in e*& reion 0i-- (deposited in se-ed *n +ro 0&i*& t&e +irstpri2e, se*ondpri2e nd t&irdpri2e 0inners o+ t&t reion 0i-- (edr0n. T&e reion- +irstpri2e 0inners 0i-- (e entit-ed to e t&reed/ --e7pensespid ro'nd trip to #ni-**opnied (/ t&eir respe*tive C-te7 de-ers, in order to te prt in t&e 8Ntion- Contest8. T&e reion- se*ond

pri2e nd t&irdpri2e 0inners 0i-- re*eive *s& pri2es o+ P?>> nd P6>>, respe*tive-/. At t&e ntion- -eve-, t&e st'(so+ t&e seven reion- +irstpri2e 0inners 0i-- (e p-*ed inside se-ed *n +ro 0&i*& t&e dr0in +or t&e +in- +irstpri2e, se*ondpri2e nd t&irdpri2e 0inners 0i-- (e de. Cs& pri2es in store +or 0inners t t&is +in- ste reP6,>>> +or +irst; P3,>>> +or se*ond; P-,?>> +or t&ird; nd P=?> s *onso-tion pri2e +or e*& o+ t&e reinin +o'prti*ipnts.

Foreseein t&e e7tensive 'se o+ t&e i-s not on-/ s onst t&e edi +or p'(-i*i2in t&e *ontest ('t -so +or t&etrnsission o+ *o'ni*tions re-tive t&ereto, representtions 0ere de (/ C-te7 0it& t&e post- 't&orities +ot&e *ontest to (e *-ered in dvn*e +or i-in, &vin in vie0 se*tions 1


15/24

SECTION 1


16/24

In vie0 o+ t&e +oreoin *onsidertions, t&e Co'rt &o-ds t&t t&e proposed C-te7 Hooded P'p Contestnno'n*ed to (e *ond'*ted (/ t&e petitioner 'nder t&e r'-es red s Anne7 B o+ t&e petitioner does novio-te t&e Post- L0 nd t&e respondent &s no ri&t to (r t&e p'(-i* distri('tion o+ sid r'-es (/ t&ei-s.

T&e respondent ppe-ed.

T&e prties re no0 (e+ore 's, rr/ed inst e*& ot&er 'pon t0o (si* iss'esfirst, 0&et&er t&e petition sttes

s'++i*ient *'se o+ *tion +or de*-rtor/ re-ie+; ndsecond, 0&et&er t&e proposed 8C-te7 Hooded P'p Contestvio-tes t&e Post- L0. We s&-- te t&ese 'p in seriatim.

1. B/ e7press ndte o+ se*tion 1 o+ !'-e == o+ t&e o-d !'-es o+ Co'rt, 0&i*& 0s t&e pp-i*(-e -e- (sis +or t&ereed/ t t&e tie it 0s invoed, de*-rtor/ re-ie+ is vi-(-e to n/ person 80&ose ri&ts re ++e*ted (/ stt'te . . . to deterine n/ 5'estion o+ *onstr'*tion or v-idit/ risin 'nder t&e . . . stt'te nd +or de*-rtion o&is ri&ts t&ere'nder8 no0 se*tion 1, !'-e =9, !evised !'-es o+ Co'rt@. In p-i+i*tion, t&is Co'rt, *on+or(-/ test(-is&ed )'rispr'den*e on t&e tter, -id do0n *ertin *onditionssine 0ua non t&ere+or, to 0it 1@ t&ere 'st (e )'sti*i(-e *ontrovers/; 3@ t&e *ontrovers/ 'st (e (et0een persons 0&ose interests re dverse; 6@ t&e prtseein de*-rtor/ re-ie+ 'st &ve -e- interest in t&e *ontrovers/; nd 9@ t&e iss'e invo-ved 'st (e ripe +o)'di*i- deterintion To-entino vs. T&e Bord o+ A**o'ntn*/,et al., G.!. No. L6>=3, Septe(er 3, 1


17/24

L==, Apri- 6>, 1


18/24

dvertisin 0s dvised (/ t&e *o'nt/ prose*'tor t&t its proposed s-es prootion p-n &d t&e *&r*teristi*s o+ -otter/, nd t&t i+ s'*& s-es prootion 0ere *ond'*ted, t&e *orportion 0o'-d (e s'()e*t to *riin- prose*'tion, i0s &e-d t&t t&e *orportion 0s entit-ed to intin de*-rtor/ re-ie+ *tion inst t&e *o'nt/ prose*'tor tdeterine t&e -e-it/ o+ its s-es prootion p-n. ,n &ari materia, see -so Bunis vs. Con%ay, 1J App. $iv. 3d., 3>J369 N.".S. 3d., 96?; 1eitlin vs. $rne#ergh' su&ra; )hrillo' ,nc. vs. Scott, 1? N.. S'per. 139, 3 A. 3d., 6.

In +ine, 0e &o-d t&t t&e ppe--ee &s de o't *se +or de*-rtor/ re-ie+.

3. T&e Post- L0, *&pter ?3 o+ t&e !evised Adinistrtive Code, 'sin -ost identi*- terino-o/ in se*tion1


19/24

e7terior, to t&e s'(stn*e, in order to 'ns t&e re- e-eent nd perni*io's tenden*ies 0&i*& t&e -0 is seeinto prevent8 8E- $e(te8, In*. vs. Top*io,su&ra, p. 3


20/24

Stte e rel. St++ord vs. Fo7Gret F--s T&eter Corportion, 163 P. 3d., =


21/24

1. $e+initionBrie+ Cse Tit-e, Cittion nd "er o+ $e*isionC-te7 v. P-or, 1 SC!A 39J 1


22/24

G.R. No. 151424 +l 31, 2==9

EAGLE REALT' (ORORAT"ON,Petitioner,vs.REBL"( O THE H"L""NE! Rpr$0% 0 A%Fi$i0r#0or o: 0 L#$% Ri0r#0io$ A0ori0,NAT"ONAL TREA!RER O THE H"L""NE!, HE"R! O (A!"ANO DE LEON #$% MAR"A !O(ORRO DELEON,!espondents.

! E S O L U T I O N

NA(HRA, J.

Petitioner E-e !e-t/ Corportion sees t&e re*onsidertion o+ t&is Co'rtDs $e*ision dted '-/ 9, 3>>, 0&i*++ired t&e Co'rt o+ Appe-s $e*ision dted n'r/ 33, 3>>1 nd !eso-'tion dted n'r/ , 3>>3, nd 'p&e-t&e *n*e--tion o+ petitionerDs *erti+i*te o+ tit-e (sed on +indin t&t it is not p'r*&ser in ood +it& nd +ov-'e.

In t&e ssi-ed de*ision, t&e Co'rt &e-d t&t 8 *orportion ened in t&e ('/in nd se--in o+ re- estte i

e7pe*ted to e7er*ise &i&er stndrd o+ *re nd di-ien*e in s*ertinin t&e stt's nd *ondition o+ t&e propert/s'()e*t o+ its ('siness trns*tion.8 Citin S'ns&ine Finn*e nd Investent Corportion v. Interedite Appe--teCo'rt,1t&e Co'rt de*-red t&t, sii-r to investent nd +inn*in *orportions, s'*& *orportion 8*nnot sip-re-/ on n e7intion o+ Torrens *erti+i*te to deterine 0&t t&e s'()e*t propert/ -oos -ie s its *ondition is nopprent in t&e do*'ent.8

PetitionerDs #otion +or !e*onsidertion *enters on t&e pp-i*tion o+ S'ns&ine Finn*e to t&e present *sePetitioner r'es t&erein t&t t&e r'-in in S'ns&ine Finn*e is re*ent innovtion, est(-is&ed -on +ter t&es'()e*t propert/ 0s trns+erred in petitionerDs ne in 1


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t&erein petitioner sever- /ers (e+ore t&e sid de*ision 0s pro'-ted, 0e note t&t t&e r'-e 0s iedite-/pp-ied to t&t *se.

O'r &erein ssi-ed r'-in e7pnds t&e r'-in in S'ns&ine Finn*e to *over re-t/ *orportions, 0&i*&, (e*'se ot&e nt're o+ t&eir ('siness, re, -ie0ise, e7pe*ted to e7er*ise &i&er stndrd o+ di-ien*e in s*ertinin t&estt's o+ t&e propert/, not ere-/ re-/ on 0&t ppers on t&e +*e o+ *erti+i*te o+ tit-e. In -ie nner, o'r r'-ins&o'-d (e pp-ied to t&e present *se; ot&er0ise, it 0o'-d (e red'*ed to 8 ere *dei* e7er*ise 0it& t&e res'-t&t t&e do*trine -id do0n 0o'-d (e no ore t&n di*t', nd 0o'-d deprive t&e &o-din in t&e *se o+ n

+or*e.8 ?

T&e ot&er r'ents dvn*ed (/ petitioner re ere re&s& o+ t&e r'ents in its previo's p-edins, 0&i*&&d -red/ (een pssed 'pon de5'te-/ (/ t&e Co'rt in t&e ssi-ed de*ision.

IN LIGHT OF THE FO!EGOING, t&e #otion +or !e*onsidertion is $ENIE$ WITH FINALIT" +or -* o+ erit.

SO O!$E!E$.

E-e !e-t/ Corportion, *opn/ ened in t&e re- estte ('siness, (o'&t pr*e- o+ -nd +ro *ertin !e/es in 1


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HELD; "es. T&e *se -0 is not in t&e nt're o+ stt'te t&t *nnot (e retro*tive-/ pp-ied. Hen*e, t&ede*ision rendered (/ t&e SC in 3>> is ere-/ (sed on *onteporneo's -eis-tive intent t&t t&einterpreted -0 *rried into e++e*t. T&e SC 0s +o--o0in 0it& *onsisten*/ its *onstr'*tion. F'rt&er, t&er'-in in t&e S'ns&ine Finn*e *se s&o'-d (e pp-ied to t&is -tter *se ot&er0ise it 0o'-d (e red'*ed to ere *dei* e7er*ise 0it& t&e res'-t t&t t&e do*trine -id do0n 0o'-d (e no ore t&n di*t',nd 0o'-d deprive t&e &o-din in t&e *se o+ n/ +or*e.

statcon chapters 1 and 2 cases

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