State Protection Order Extension Matrix Revised 2014

National Center on Protection Orders and Full Faith & Credit 1901 North Fort Myer Drive, Suite 1011

Arlington, Virginia 22209 Toll Free: (800) 903-0111, prompt 2

Direct: (703) 312-7922 Fax: (703) 312-7966

Email: ncffc@bwjp.org Website: http://www.fullfaithandcredit.org

State statutes are constantly changing. Please independently verify the information found in this document. If you have a correction or update, please contact us at (800) 903-0111, prompt 2 or via email at ncffc@bwjp.org.

This project is supported by Grant No. 2011-TA-AX-K080 awarded by the Office on Violence Against Women, U.S. Department of Justice.

The opinions, findings, conclusions, and recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the U.S. Department of Justice, Office on Violence Against Women.

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Compiled by the National Center on Protection Orders and Full Faith & Credit

TABLE OF CONTENTS

NOTE: For your convenience, hyperlinks are located on each state name in this Table of Contents.

For faster access, please select the name of the state you would like to view. ALABAMA .................................................................................... 3 ALASKA ....................................................................................... 3 ARIZONA ..................................................................................... 3 ARKANSAS ................................................................................... 3 CALIFORNIA ................................................................................. 3 COLORADO .................................................................................. 3 CONNECTICUT.............................................................................. 3 DELAWARE .................................................................................. 3 DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA ............................................................... 4 FLORIDA ...................................................................................... 4 GEORGIA ..................................................................................... 4 HAWAII ....................................................................................... 4 IDAHO ......................................................................................... 4 ILLINOIS ....................................................................................... 4 INDIANA ...................................................................................... 5 IOWA .......................................................................................... 5 KANSAS ....................................................................................... 5 KENTUCKY ................................................................................... 5 LOUISIANA .................................................................................. 5 MAINE ......................................................................................... 5 MARYLAND .................................................................................. 5 MASSACHUSETTS ......................................................................... 6 MICHIGAN ................................................................................... 7 MINNESOTA ................................................................................ 7 MISSISSIPPI ................................................................................. 8 MISSOURI .................................................................................... 8

MONTANA ................................................................................... 8 NEBRASKA ................................................................................... 8 NEVADA ...................................................................................... 8 NEW HAMPSHIRE......................................................................... 9 NEW JERSEY ................................................................................. 9 NEW MEXICO ............................................................................... 9 NEW YORK ................................................................................... 9 NORTH CAROLINA ...................................................................... 10 NORTH DAKOTA ........................................................................ 10 OHIO ......................................................................................... 10 OKLAHOMA ............................................................................... 10 OREGON .................................................................................... 10 PENNSYLVANIA .......................................................................... 10 RHODE ISLAND .......................................................................... 11 SOUTH CAROLINA ...................................................................... 11 SOUTH DAKOTA ......................................................................... 11 TENNESSEE ................................................................................ 11 TEXAS ........................................................................................ 11 UTAH ......................................................................................... 12 VERMONT.................................................................................. 12 VIRGINIA ................................................................................... 12 WASHINGTON ........................................................................... 12 WEST VIRGINIA .......................................................................... 13 WISCONSIN ............................................................................... 13 WYOMING ................................................................................. 14

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State Petition Hearing Petitioner Request

Guidance Petitioner Statement

Time Limit

ALABAMA Ala. Code 30-5-1

Orders are permanent, unless otherwise specified Ala. Code 30-5-7.

ALASKA Alaska Stat. § 18.66.100 (b)

Orders are permanent if they prohibit domestic violence, stalking or harassment. All other orders are 1 year. Alaska Stat. § 18.66.100 (b).

ARIZONA Law is silent on renewal.

ARKANSAS A.C.A. § 9-15-205 (b)

No Yes No Yes

CALIFORNIA Cal Fam Code § 6345 (a)

No Yes Yes http://www.courts.ca.gov/documents/dv700info.pdf Ritchie v. Konrad (2004, Cal App 2d Dist) 115 Cal App 4th 1275, 10 Cal Rptr 3d 387, 2004 Cal App LEXIS 213. Avalos v. Perez (2011, 1st Dist) 2011 Cal App LEXIS 754. Lister v. Bowen (2013, 1st Dist) 2013 Cal App LEXIS 282.

Yes Must be brought within 3 months before expiration. Renewal is 5 years or permanent.

COLORADO C.R.S. 13-14-108 (2)

No Yes No C.R.S. 13-14-108 (6) Order is permanent. C.R.S. 13-14-106 (1)(A) (2013). Modification of duration may reduce the duration of the order.

Yes, statement as to why PO is no longer needed.

CONNECTICUT Conn. Gen. Stat. § 46b-15 (d)

No Yes Yes Renewal is additional time as the court deems necessary.

File Motion to extend 2-3 weeks before expiration. http://www.jud.ct.gov/Publications/fm142.pdf

DELAWARE No Yes Yes Renewal is 6 months to permanent No, more

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State Petition Hearing Petitioner Request

Guidance Petitioner Statement

Time Limit

10 Del. C. § 1045 (c)

for stay away provisions only.

evidence needed.

DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA D.C. Code § 16-1005 (d)

No Yes Yes 631 A.2d 40; 1993 D.C. App. LEXIS 227

Yes, good cause shown.

FLORIDA Fla. R. Fam. Law R. Proc. 12.610 (4)(B)

Yes Yes Yes Spiegel v. Haas, 697 So. 2d 222, 1997 Fla. App. LEXIS 15172 (Fla. 3rd DCA 1997).

No, no allegation needed.

Permanent or until further order of the court.

GEORGIA Ocga 19-13-4 (C)

No Yes Yes Good cause shown.

HAWAII HRS § 586-5.5

Yes Yes No Yes, can consider abuse prior to the initial protection order and good cause shown.

IDAHO Idaho Code § 39-6306 (5)

No No No No

ILLINOIS 750 ILCS 60/220 (e)

No Yes No Must meet requirements of 750 ILCS 60/219 Stapp v. Jansen, Ill. App. 3d , 370 Ill. Dec. 458, 988 N.E.2d 234, 2013 Ill. App. LEXIS 254 (4 Dist. 2013).

Yes

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State Petition Hearing Petitioner Request

Guidance Petitioner Statement

Time Limit

Lutz v. Lutz, 313 Ill. App. 3d 286, 245 Ill. Dec. 877, 728 N.E.2d 1234, 2000 Ill. App. LEXIS 291 (4 Dist. 2000).

INDIANA Burns Ind. Code Ann. 34-26-5-20

No No Burns Ind. Code Ann. 34-26-5-9 (a)

No

IOWA Iowa Code § 236.5 (2)

No Yes No No, defendant must pose a threat.

KANSAS K.S.A. § 60-3107 (e)(1)

No Yes No Jordan v. Jordan, 47 K.A.2d 300, 274 P.3d 657 (2012).

No

KENTUCKY KRS § 403.750 (2)

No Yes No Three year extension available. No

LOUISIANA La. R.S. 46:2136

No

Yes

In its discretion.

MAINE 19-A M.R.S. § 4007 (1-A) (2)

No

Yes For such additional time as it determines necessary to protect the plaintiff or minor child from abuse.

MARYLAND Md. FAMILY LAW Code Ann. § 4-507

No

Yes

For good cause shown, a judge may extend the term of the protective order for 6 months beyond the period specified in § 4-506(j) of this subtitle, after: Md. FAMILY LAW Code Ann. § 4-507 (a)(2).

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State Petition Hearing Petitioner Request

Guidance Petitioner Statement

Time Limit

In determining the period of extension of a protective order under subparagraph (i) of this paragraph, the judge shall consider the following factors: 1. the nature and severity of the subsequent act of abuse; 2. the history and severity of abuse in the relationship between the respondent and any person eligible for relief named in the protective order; 3. the pendency and type of criminal charges against the respondent; and 4. the nature and extent of the injury or risk of injury caused by the respondent.

MASSACHUSETTS ALM GL ch. 209A, § 3(i)

No

Yes

The court may also extend the order upon motion of the plaintiff, for such additional time as it deems necessary to protect from abuse the plaintiff or any child in the plaintiff's care or custody. The fact that abuse has not occurred during the pendency of an order shall not, in itself, constitute sufficient ground for denying or failing to extend the order, of allowing an order to expire or be vacated, or for refusing to issue a new order. Md. FAMILY LAW Code Ann. § 4-

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State Petition Hearing Petitioner Request

Guidance Petitioner Statement

Time Limit

507 (a)(3).

MICHIGAN MCLS § 600.2950 (13) Silent

MINNESOTA Minn. Stat. § 518B.01, Subd. 6a.

No Yes Yes The court may extend the terms of an existing order or, if an order is no longer in effect, grant a new order upon a showing that: (1) the respondent has violated a prior or existing order for protection; (2) the petitioner is reasonably in fear of physical harm from the respondent; (3) the respondent has engaged in the act of stalking within the meaning of section 609.749, subdivision 2; or (4) the respondent is incarcerated and about to be released, or has recently been released from incarceration. A petitioner does not need to show that physical harm is imminent to obtain an extension or a subsequent order under this subdivision. (b) Relief granted by the order for protection may be for a period of up

The petitioner is reasonably in fear of physical harm from the respondent.

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State Petition Hearing Petitioner Request

Guidance Petitioner Statement

Time Limit

to 50 years, if the court finds: (1) the respondent has violated a prior or existing order for protection on two or more occasions; or (2) the petitioner has had two or more orders for protection in effect against the same respondent.

MISSISSIPPI Miss. Code Ann. § 93-21-15 (g)(c)

No Yes

MISSOURI § 455.040 R.S.Mo (1)

No

Yes Yes For purposes of this subsection, a finding by the court of a subsequent act of domestic violence or stalking is not required for a renewal order of protection.

The court may, upon finding that it is in the best interest of the parties, include a provision that any full order of protection for one year shall automatically renew unless the respondent requests a hearing by thirty days prior to the expiration of the order.

MONTANA 40-15-204, MCA Permanent

NEBRASKA R.R.S. Neb. § 42-925(4) Statute silent

Elstun v. Elstun 8 Neb. App. 97, 589N.W.2d 334 (1999), aff’d in part and rev’d on other grounds, 257 Neb 820, 600 N.W.2d 835 (1999).

NEVADA

No Yes

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State Petition Hearing Petitioner Request

Guidance Petitioner Statement

Time Limit

Nev. Rev. Stat. Ann. § 33.080

NEW HAMPSHIRE RSA 173-B:5

No

Yes

Any order under this section shall be for a fixed period of time not to exceed one year, but may be extended by order of the court upon a motion by the plaintiff, showing good cause, with notice to the defendant, for one year after the expiration of the first order and thereafter each extension may be for up to 5 years, upon the request of the plaintiff and at the discretion of the court.

NEW JERSEY N.J. Stat. § 2C:25-29 (Note: New Jersey’s Orders are Permanent)

NEW MEXICO N.M. Stat. Ann. § 40-13-6(C)

No

NEW YORK NY CLS Family Ct Act § 842

No

Yes The court may also, upon motion, extend the order of protection for a reasonable period of time upon a showing of good cause or consent of the parties. The fact that abuse has not occurred during the pendency of an order shall not, in itself, constitute sufficient ground for denying or failing to extend the

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State Petition Hearing Petitioner Request

Guidance Petitioner Statement

Time Limit

order.

NORTH CAROLINA N.C. Gen. Stat. § 50C-8 (c)

No

Yes

The court may renew the order for good cause. The commission of an act of unlawful conduct by the respondent after entry of the current order is not required for an order to be renewed.

Prior to the expiration of the current order.

NORTH DAKOTA N.D. Cent. Code, § 14-07.1-02 Permanent order

OHIO ORC Ann. 3113.31 (E)(3)(c)

No Yes, unless original order was a consent.

No Renewal of the civil protection order was based not only on past domestic violence but upon such violence coupled with present threats of future violence. A renewal order need not be identical in scope to the original order: Woolum v. Woolum, 131 Ohio App. 3d 818, 723 N.E.2d 1135, 1999 Ohio App. LEXIS 228 (1999).

No immediate and present danger.

No

OKLAHOMA 22 Okl. St. § 60.4(G)(3)

No Yes No No No

OREGON ORS § 107.725

No No Respondent requests hearing

Yes Yes No

PENNSYLVANIA

No Yes No That the defendant committed one or more acts of abuse subsequent to

No No

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State Petition Hearing Petitioner Request

Guidance Petitioner Statement

Time Limit

23 Pa.C.S. § 6108

the entry of the final order or that the defendant engaged in a pattern or practice that indicates continued risk of harm to the plaintiff or minor child.

RHODE ISLAND R.I. Gen. Laws § 15-15-3 (h)(2)

No Yes No No

SOUTH CAROLINA S.C. Code Ann. § 20-4-70(A)

No Yes No 30 days prior to expiration

SOUTH DAKOTA Statute is silent

TENNESSEE Tenn. Code Ann. § 36-3-605

No No-if violated extends to 5 years; second violation extends to 10 years

No If a respondent is properly served and afforded the opportunity for a hearing pursuant to § 36-3-612, and is found to be in violation of the order, the court may extend the order of protection up to five (5) years. If a respondent is properly served and afforded the opportunity for a hearing pursuant to § 36-3-612, and is found to be in a second or subsequent violation of the order, the court may extend the order of protection up to ten (10) years. No new petition is required to be filed in order for a court to modify an order or extend an order pursuant to this subsection (d).

No No

TEXAS No Yes No Determine whether there is a continuing need for the order.

No Yes - not earlier than the first anniversary of the date on which the

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State Petition Hearing Petitioner Request

Guidance Petitioner Statement

Time Limit

Tex. Fam. Code § 85.025 (b)

court rendered an order on a previous motion by the person under this subsection.

UTAH Utah Code Ann. § 78B-7-106

No Yes Yes Hearings can be scheduled to dismiss or extend the criminal portions or the civil portions of the protective order.

No No

VERMONT 15 V.S.A. § 1103 (e)

No Motion of plaintiff

No It is not necessary for the court to find that abuse has occurred during the pendency of the order to extend the terms of the order.

Yes No

VIRGINIA Va. Code Ann. § 16.1-279.1

No Yes No The court may extend the protective order for a period not longer than two years to protect the health and safety of the petitioner or persons who are family or household members of the petitioner at the time the request for an extension is made.

No No

WASHINGTON Rev. Code Wash. (ARCW) § 26.50.060

No Yes No The court shall grant the petition for renewal unless the respondent proves by a preponderance of the evidence that the respondent will not resume acts of domestic violence against the petitioner or the petitioner's children or family or household members when the order expires. The court may renew the protection order for another fixed time period or may enter a permanent order as provided in this section. The court may award court costs, service fees, and reasonable attorneys' fees as provided in

No 3 months before the order expires

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State Petition Hearing Petitioner Request

Guidance Petitioner Statement

Time Limit

subsection (1)(g) of this section. Superior court did not abuse its discretion in granting the former wife's petition to renew and make permanent the protection order, because the former wife made a showing of past violence and present fear, when the former wife stated that the former husband was physically abusive during the marriage and had been since the divorce, and the former wife desperately feared bodily harm, if not death, would come to her without the protection order; requiring a new act of domestic violence to support an extension would make an extension superfluous because a new act would plainly support a new order. Barber v. Barber, 2007 Wash. App. LEXIS 7, 136 Wn. App. 512, 150 P.3d 124 (2007).

WEST VIRGINIA W. Va. Code § 48-27-505

No Yes No 1) A material violation of the existing protective order has occurred; or (2) Respondent has committed a material violation of a provision of a final order entered pursuant to subsection (c), section six hundred eight [§ 48-5-608], article five of this chapter has occurred.

No No

WISCONSIN Wis. Stat. §

No No Yes When an injunction granted for less than 4 years expires, the court shall extend the injunction if the petitioner states that an extension is

Yes No

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State Petition Hearing Petitioner Request

Guidance Petitioner Statement

Time Limit

813.12 necessary to protect him or her. This extension shall remain in effect until 4 years after the date the court first entered the injunction. 4. Notice need not be given to the respondent before extending an injunction under subd. 2. The petitioner shall notify the respondent after the court extends an injunction under subd. 2. Wyon: If the initial injunction was for less than 4 years, but expired, and the petitioner states that an extension is necessary to protect him or her, sub. (4) (c) 2. requires the court to extend the injunction for up to 4 years from the date the injunction was first granted. Because the court is required to extend an injunction under the proper circumstances, even after it has expired, it follows that a court has the authority and jurisdiction to grant the extension request after the injunction has expired. Switzer v. Switzer, 2006 WI App 10, 289 Wis. 2d 83, 709 N.W.2d 871, 04-2943.

WYOMING Wyo. Stat. § 35-21-106

No Yes No The order may be extended repetitively upon a showing of good cause for additional periods of time not to exceed one (1) year each

No