state standard sb1c – identify the function of the four major macromolecules (carbohydrates,...
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State Standard
SB1C – Identify the function of the four major macromolecules (carbohydrates,
proteins, lipids, & nucleic acids)
Carbon – The Element of Life
The element __________ is a component of almost all __________ molecules.
For this reason, life on earth is considered __________.
All __________ compounds contain carbon.
6.4 The Building Blocks of Life
Chemistry in BiologyChapter 6
Carbon has ________ electrons in its outermost energy level.
One carbon atom can form four covalent ________ with other atoms.
Chemistry in Biology
Carbon compounds can be in the shape of ____________ chains, ____________ chains, and ____________.
6.4 The Building Blocks of Life
Chapter 6
Carbon – The Element of Life – Cont’d
Macromolecules - AKA Organic Molecules
Chemistry in Biology
____________ are large organic molecules formed by joining smaller organic molecules together.
There are 4 macromolecules that form the structure & function of every living thing: ____________, ____________, ____________, & ________ ________.
6.4 The Building Blocks of Life
Chapter 6
Macromolecules - Cont’d
Chemistry in Biology
Macromolecules are ____________. ____________ are molecules made from
repeating units of identical or nearly identical compounds linked together by a series of covalent bonds.
Each macromolecule has specific ____________ (small molecules) as its __________ __________.
6.4 The Building Blocks of Life
Chapter 6
Chemistry in Biology
Carbohydrates
Functions: Main __________ __________ for all organisms ____________ component of cell walls ____________ ____________on plasma
membrane
Building Block/Monomer: _______________
6.4 The Building Blocks of Life
Chapter 6
Chemistry in Biology
Carbohydrates – Cont’d Structure:
Made of carbon, hydrogen, & oxygen in a ratio of ____:____:____
Form __________, straight chains, or __________ chains
3 groups of Carbs: ______saccharides (simple/________ sugars) ______saccharides (chain of a ______ sugars) ______saccharides (chain of ________ sugars)
6.4 The Building Blocks of Life
Chapter 6
Chemistry in Biology
Carbohydrates – Cont’d Examples:
____________ ____________ Glucose, ____________, Lactose, Sucrose Cellulose
6.4 The Building Blocks of Life
Chapter 6
Chemistry in Biology
Lipids
Functions: Long-term ____________ ____________ ____________ (e.g. - plasma membrane) Waterproof ____________
Building Block/Monomer: ____________ w/ fatty ____________ tails
____________ in water due to ____________
6.4 The Building Blocks of Life
Chapter 6
Chemistry in Biology
Lipids Cont’d Structure:
More carbon-hydrogen bonds & fewer ____________ atoms than carbohydrates
3 groups of Lipids: ____________ ____________ ____________
6.4 The Building Blocks of Life
Chapter 6
Chemistry in Biology
Lipids – Cont’d Examples:
_______ (helps plants retain water) Butter Vegetable Oil ____________ Steroids
6.4 The Building Blocks of Life
Chapter 6
Chemistry in Biology
Proteins
Functions: ____________ contraction ____________ of materials Immune system Structural ____________ block Speed up ____________
Building Block/Monomer: _________ _________
Most ____________ macromolecule!
6.4 The Building Blocks of Life
Chapter 6
Chemistry in Biology
Proteins Cont’d Structure:
Large & ____________ Long ____________ made of carbon, hydrogen,
oxygen, nitrogen, & sometimes sulfur
Examples: Muscle, ____________, hair, nails Collagen ____________ Hemoglobin ____________ Antibodies
6.4 The Building Blocks of Life
Chapter 6
Chemistry in Biology
The ____________ and the ____________ in which the amino acids are joined define the protein’s primary structure.
After an amino acid chain is formed, it folds into a unique three-dimensional ____________, which is the protein’s secondary structure, such as a helix or a pleat.
6.4 The Building Blocks of Life
Chapter 6
Proteins Cont’d
Chemistry in Biology
Nucleic Acids
Functions: Store & transmit ____________ information in
the form of a code
Building Block/Monomer: ____________
6.4 The Building Blocks of Life
Chapter 6
Chemistry in Biology
Nucleic Acids Cont’d
Structure: A nucleotide is composed of a ____________, a
____________ group, and a nitrogen-containing ____________
Examples: _________ _________ ATP
6.4 The Building Blocks of Life
Chapter 6