Using BIM technology in analysing the eco-footprint of

new buildings

Bjørne Grimsrud Head of the R & D Department

The Norwegian Public Construction and Property Management

Statsbygg acts on behalf of the Norwegian government as property manager and advisor in construction and property affairs. Property Management

Statsbygg manages approx. 2,6 million m2 of floor space, in Norway and abroad. (annual turnover apx € 400 million)

ConstructionIn total Statsbygg’s annual building budget is approx. NOK 3 billion. (apx.€ 400 million)

ConsultancyStatsbygg offers consultancy and assistance in civil engineering and technical matters to ministries and other governmental organisations.

A presentation by Statsbygg

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Building Information Modelling Building Information Modelling (BIM) is the process of

generating and managing building data during its life cycle.

Typically it uses three-dimensional, real-time, dynamic building modelling software to increase productivity in building design and construction.

The process produces the Building Information Model (also abbreviated BIM), which encompasses building geometry, spatial relationships, geographic information, and quantities and properties of building components

A presentation by Statsbygg

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En presentasjon av Statsbygg

Lars Bjørkhaug, Norwegian Building Research Institute Illustrations by : Byggforsk, Olof Granlund, NBLN University of California, Stanford University

Briefing-Functional req.-Estimates-Conditions-Requirements

Knowledge databases-Best practise knowledge-Own practice

Laws and regulations-Building regulations-Building specifications

CAD software-Drawings, calculations-Architect, engineer,…

VRML-Visualisation, 3D models

Simulations-Comfort-Ventilation, heating-Life cycle cost-Light, sound-Insulation-Fire, usage-Environment-Life time predictions

Specifications-Specification sheets-Classification standards-Estimates, accounting

Procurement-Product databases-Price databases

Construction management-Scheduling-Logistics, 4D

Facility management-Letting, sale, operations-Maintenance-Guaranties

Demolition, refurbishment-Rebuild-Demolition-Restoration

Indicates that: •Information is round tripping•That you can work with partial models (extract/enrich/upload)•The information is software independent•Business processes happens in a sequence

Interoperability through standards

En presentasjon av Statsbygg

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Statsbygg's focus on BIM and IFC: Statement from 2007

Statsbygg aims to increase the utility value of its buildings for tenants and users, and aims to significantly reduce construction and operating costs and building damage, through use of BIM based on open, international standards (IFC).

2010 – BIM (IFC) will be the standard carrier of information in ALL our business processes

A presentation by Statsbygg

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Government clients in the USA (GSA/PBS), Denmark (DECA), Finland (Senate Properties), and Norway (Statsbygg) has signed a joint statement with the intention to support Building Information Modelling (BIM) with Open Standards for public facilities

A presentation by Statsbygg

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A presentation by Statsbygg

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Using BIM technology in analysing the eco-footprint

Statsbygg has developed a GHG Accounting Tool www.klimagassregnskap.no (Norwegian only) GHG emission accounting tool for buildings

3 modules today

Holistic Life Cycle Approach - 60 years

Systemizing complex conditions - simple calculations

Benchmarking – CO2-eqv./m2

A planning tool to minimize GHG emissions from new buildings

Klimagassregnskap for utbyggingsprosjekter

Demo-liation

Land use changes

The GHG Accounting Tool

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10,0

20,0

30,0

40,0

50,0

60,0

70,0

80,0

90,0

100,0

kg CO2-

equiv./m2 /yr

Transport

Energy use

Materials

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Greenhouse gas emissions from building projects calculated as CO2 equiv. per m2 per year – 60 year lifetime

Residential Day-care University

Transport Energy Materials

Information abut the type an amount of the material can be generated from the BIM.

(endres under Vis Topptekst/Bunntekst) PRESENTASJONSNAVN

Ramez Rafat, Statsbygg, 31 mars 2008

A presentation by Statsbygg

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1011121314151617

tonnes of CO2-

eqv./tonne material

Building materials - Embodied Greenhouse Gas Emissionstonnes of CO2-eqv./tonne material

only emissions due to use of fossil fuels and raw materiales includes emissions from electricity used in production

Spikesglass

Alumium – primary and recycled

wood

Polyuretan

concrete

This is combined with generic information on GHG in production

A presentation by Statsbygg

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Hundsund day-care, Material and embodied GHG emissions

Materials5 %

Energy use68 %

Transport 27 %

Bodø University College (in use from 2004)Emission of greenhouse gases - According to main source

Materials21 %

Energy use35 %

Transport 44 %

Fornebu Hage, housing (under construction)Emission of greenhouse gases - According to main source

The relative contribution from materials in a building where energy efficiency has been given priority (Fornebu Hage) and one where it has not (Bodø University College).

Emissions from production of the material quantities

-1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

10 11 12 13 14

kg CO2-

equiv./m2 /yr

Surface treatment

Stairs and balconies

Roofs

Ceilings and floors

Internal walls

Outside walls

Ground and foundations

Load-bearing systems

Basic materials

UniversityDay-care

RenovatedEnvir. fr. materials

GHG - Transport – use phase

Includes transport needs – Personal transport (car or public; bus/metro) and Freight

transport

Amount of trips as a function of:– Type of building (dwellings, hospital, university, e.g.), – Location and distance to city centre services (stores, cinema,

sports, …)– Availability of public transport and parking space (e.g. toll or

not)

Model – Predefined travel length from national and regional travel habit

surveys– Predefined emission factors – national emission inventories +

scenarios for technology improvements

GHG from building projects - transportkg CO2 eq. per m2 per year. “Distances/2”

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Day-care

Dwellings

The intention is to develop interactive tools for such transport analysis

GHG - Energy use – use phase

Includes space heating/cooling, warm water, electric appliances

Predefined emissions and efficiency factors Electricity use – default: European OECD nations’

average (2004) of 357 g CO2/kWh , but the users can decide factor

User choose:– m2 building– Building characteristics (residential, non-residential, etc)– climate zone (7 regional zones in Norway)– calculated net energy requirements or measured energy

use– energy sources – oil, NG, bio, DH, El.,..– share of electricity specific consumption– Emission factor for district heating and electricity

GHG from operational energy usekg CO2 eq. per m2 per year

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357 g/kWh

Electrisity

District heating

BIM based energy analysis in design phase

BIM i Universitetet i Stavanger

ANNUAL ENERGY CONSUMPTION

MW h NOK kWh/m² kWh/m³ MWh NOK

Lighting electricity 77 38471 24,8 8,2

Equipment electricity 54 27148 17,5 5,8HVAC, cooling electr. 3 1349 0,9 0,3

HVAC, other electr. 43 21530 13,9 4,6

Electricity total 177 88498 57,2 18,8Heating 302 150751 97,4 32

Heating Electricity Facility and user electricity

16 %

11 %

1 %

9 %63 %

16 %

11 %

1 %

9 %63 %

86 %

14 %

Domestic hot waterHeating, spacesHeating, AC system

57 %

43 %

Facility electricityUser electricity

43 %

31 %

2 %

24 %

Lighting electric ityEquipment electricityHVAC, cooling electr.HVAC, other electr.

MONTHLY ENERGY CONSUMPTION

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

Lighting electricity 6 5 7 6 7 6 7 7 6 7 7 6

Equipment electricity 5 3 5 5 5 5 5 5 4 5 5 4

HVAC, cooling electr. 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0

HVAC, other electr. 4 3 4 3 4 3 4 4 3 4 4 3

Heating 49 47 41 27 14 6 4 6 10 20 31 47

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

MWh

ANNUAL ENERGY CONSUMPTION

Simulation 1 Simulation 2

MW h NOK kWh/m² kWh/m³ MWh NOK kWh/m² kW h/m³

Lighting electric ityEquipment electricity

HVAC, cooling electr.

HVAC, other electr.Electricity total

Heating

ENERGY CONSUMPTION

Simulation 1

Simulation 2

ENERGY COST

Simulation 1

Simulation 2

57

73

86

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519

24

18

1

25

14176

226

3847427148

880

2153088032

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7754

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0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450

MWh

NOK

0 50000 100000 150000 200000 250000

Heating HVAC, other electr. HVAC, cooling electr. Equipment electric ity Lighting electricity

HOURLY LOADS

Total load W indows Equipment Lighting People Conduction Infiltration

(without windows)

Sim. 1

-10

0

10

20

30

40

1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23

W/m2

h

Sim. 2

-10

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1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23

W/m2

h

HOURLY TEMPERATURES

Simulation 1

Air flow rate: 10,0 m³/h,m² (219 m³/h)

Space cooling: 0,0 W/m² (0 W)

Simulation 2

Air flow rate: 10,0 m³/h,m² (219 m³/h)

Space cooling: 0,0 W/m² (0 W)

Outdoor temperature:Summer design weather 11.07., Wednesday

Max. / min. outdoor temperature +24,8 / +16,9 °C

Norway, Stavanger, lat. 58,90°, lon. 5,60°

Average space temperature on cooling design day conditions

Case 1 B - CAV med solskjerming

Case 1 - CAV

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1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 h

SPACE

Example of design for low energy use

A presentation by Statsbygg

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www.klimagassregnskap.no: enables systematic GHG calculations in a holistic,

life-cycle perspective - repeatable• provides new insight into the significance of different

sources of emissions• Basis for Statsbyggs GHG strategy for the future

comparing buildings/cases indicate that:– Choice of energy-efficient design and renewable sources can

reduce energy use and GHG emissions by more than 50 %– Central location can reduced emissions from transport by more

than 50 %– Renovation and reuse of buildings can reduce embodied GHG

emissions by 60–70 % compared with a new building

Klimagassregnskap for utbyggingsprosjekter

Simple living in Norwegian mountains with low GHG emissions per m2!