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11/12/2012 1 Staying Connected – Why Network Standards Certification Education & Training Publishing Conferences & Exhibits Why Network Management Matters Ian Verhappen P. Eng. CAP, ISA Fellow Brian Cunningham, Applications Engineer About the Presenter – Ian Verhappen P.Eng. ISA Fellow, ISA CAP Former Chairman FF EUAC (2001-2006) – Working with FF technology since 1995 – Project Manager HSE RIO project for Fieldbus Foundation 20 years in the oil sands industry ISA / Cooper Bussmann Webinar November 12, 2012 20 years in the oil sands industry Former Director Industrial Networks for MTL Instruments – Now part of Cooper Crouse Hinds Past Vice-President ISA Standards & Practices Dept. and Strategic Planning Dept. Chair of Canada’s IEC 65 Committees Author of ISA’s popular Foundation Fieldbus book

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Page 1: Staying Connected – Why Network Management … 1 Staying Connected – Why Network Standards Certification Education & Training Publishing Conferences & Exhibits Management Matters

11/12/2012

1

Staying Connected –Why Network

Standards

Certification

Education & Training

Publishing

Conferences & Exhibits

Why NetworkManagement Matters

Ian Verhappen P. Eng. CAP, ISA Fellow

Brian Cunningham, Applications Engineer

About the Presenter – Ian Verhappen

• P.Eng. ISA Fellow, ISA CAP

• Former Chairman FF EUAC (2001-2006)– Working with FF technology since 1995

– Project Manager HSE RIO project for FieldbusFoundation

• 20 years in the oil sands industry

ISA / Cooper Bussmann Webinar

November 12, 2012

• 20 years in the oil sands industry

• Former Director Industrial Networks for MTL Instruments– Now part of Cooper Crouse Hinds

• Past Vice-President ISA Standards & Practices Dept. andStrategic Planning Dept.

• Chair of Canada’s IEC 65 Committees

• Author of ISA’s popular Foundation Fieldbus book

Page 2: Staying Connected – Why Network Management … 1 Staying Connected – Why Network Standards Certification Education & Training Publishing Conferences & Exhibits Management Matters

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2

Presenter Background

Brian Cunningham

Cooper Bussmann Wireless Business Unit – ApplicationsEngineer

13 Years with Bussmann/OMNEX Control Systems

21 Years in Process Automation field

Variety of positions – Product Manager, Distribution Variety of positions – Product Manager, DistributionManager, SCADA Channel Manager, etc.

Currently in Training/Support role – it’s where the ‘rubberhits the road’ – I make everything work~! On site ifrequired.

Graduate of the Electrical Engineering Program at BCIT,Specialty in Process Automation and Instrumentation

3

Topics to be covered today

• Why network management is critical.

• What was done in the past.

• What did it cost users in the past (to not have thisknowledge).

• How did they deal with it in the past.

ISA / Cooper Bussmann Webinar

November 12, 2012

• New diagnostic tools available.

• What these new preventative toolsprovide.

• Benefits for plant reliability andoperations.

• What is the bottom line at the end ofthe day?

Page 3: Staying Connected – Why Network Management … 1 Staying Connected – Why Network Standards Certification Education & Training Publishing Conferences & Exhibits Management Matters

11/12/2012

3

Why Network

ISA / Cooper Bussmann Webinar

November 12, 2012

Management

Why Network Management?

Increased network size

Increase in number of wireless devices

Multiple subnets to support

Increased network complexity

Wireless and LAN equipment

Heterogeneous equipment and wireless technology

Equipment from multiple vendors Equipment from multiple vendors

Increased number of remote locations

Repeater site loss can cut access to many remotes

Increasing operating cost

Driving time – some radio links can be 50 miles

Automatic versus human effort

Most sites do not monitor quality of signal – only fix when broken

6Cut Costs, Save Labor, Increase Reliability

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11/12/2012

4

Network Deliverables

• Questions to be answered– (Needs not wants)

– What data speed and response time is needed?

– Definition of Real Time Data

– What distance / environment between nodes?

– Repeaters

ISA / Cooper Bussmann Webinar

November 12, 2012

– Repeaters

– Appropriate Power Supply

– Low Price

– Minimum Licensing Effort (wireless)

– What security is neccesary?

– What type of data?

– (can it be gatewayed)

Real Time is Relative

• What is real time reporting– Meteorology Hours

– Process Control Seconds

– Crane Control 1/10 s

– Machine Control ms

ISA / Cooper Bussmann Webinar

November 12, 2012

Page 5: Staying Connected – Why Network Management … 1 Staying Connected – Why Network Standards Certification Education & Training Publishing Conferences & Exhibits Management Matters

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5

How far is far enough?

• What is enough range

– Enviromental 100 km

– Water 10 km

– Process Plant 1 km

– Automation 100 m

ISA / Cooper Bussmann Webinar

November 12, 2012

– Automation 100 m

– IT Networking 10 m

Keeping it going - Reliable Power

• Less Radio Power = Less Energy Needed

• Appropriate Power Supply– Enviromental Solar / Wind

– Automation 24V AC / DC

ISA / Cooper Bussmann Webinar

November 12, 2012

– Automation 24V AC / DC

– Process Sensors Batteries / Harvesting

Page 6: Staying Connected – Why Network Management … 1 Staying Connected – Why Network Standards Certification Education & Training Publishing Conferences & Exhibits Management Matters

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6

Building a System

• Match the hardware to the problem definition– Bandwidth

– Based on expected traffic

– Data only

– Video

– Distance

ISA / Cooper Bussmann Webinar

November 12, 2012

– Fiber

– Copper

– Wireless

– Security

– Firewalls

– Switches / Routers

– Environment

– General Purpose / Zone 2

No Message = No Control

• If any link is brokenthen it is impossibleto complete controlbecause the controlloop is no longer aloop.

FIC-1PID

DCS

Field

ISA / Cooper Bussmann Webinar

November 12, 2012

loop.FT-1AI

FCV-1AO

Page 7: Staying Connected – Why Network Management … 1 Staying Connected – Why Network Standards Certification Education & Training Publishing Conferences & Exhibits Management Matters

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Why physical layer diagnostics areneeded

• The physical layer is critical!– Failure can result in loss of production or plant

• Need to maximize plant availability– Identify problems before process is impacted

– Reduce troubleshooting time

ISA / Cooper Bussmann Webinar

November 12, 2012

6. Presentation

7. Application

Ethernet & OSI Model

5. Session

SNMPDNSSMTPTelnetFTPHTTP

User Layer

ISA / Cooper Bussmann Webinar

November 12, 2012

1. PhysicalFiberCopper Wireless

Serial CommsEthernet Transmission Media

2. Data Link Ethernet PPP/SLIP

3.Network IPICMP

ARP

4. Transport TCP UDP

Page 8: Staying Connected – Why Network Management … 1 Staying Connected – Why Network Standards Certification Education & Training Publishing Conferences & Exhibits Management Matters

11/12/2012

8

What was done in the

ISA / Cooper Bussmann Webinar

November 12, 2012

past?

Job Security in Acronyms

• IP – Internet Protocol– Layer 2 protocol

• Layer 3

• TCP – TransmissionControl Protocol

• Layer 7

• HTTP – HypertextTransmission Protocol

• FTP – File TransferProtocol

ISA / Cooper Bussmann Webinar

November 12, 2012

– Handshake protocol

• UDP – User DatagramProtocol– Transmit only protocol

• SNMP – Simple NetworkManager Protocol

Lots of Protocols which are just different “ways” ofinsuring that different types of messages are able to getfrom “A” to “B”

Page 9: Staying Connected – Why Network Management … 1 Staying Connected – Why Network Standards Certification Education & Training Publishing Conferences & Exhibits Management Matters

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Simple Network Management Protocol(SNMP)

• Used in network management systems to monitornetwork-attached devices for conditions that warrantadministrative attention. SNMP is a

• Component of the Internet Protocol Suite– Defined by the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF).

– Consists of a set of standards for network management,

ISA / Cooper Bussmann Webinar

November 12, 2012

– Consists of a set of standards for network management,including

– Application layer protocol

– Database schema

– Set of data objects

• SNMP exposes management data in the form ofvariables on the managed systems, which describe thesystem configuration. These variables can then bequeried (and sometimes set) by managing applications.

TCP/IP Utilities - Ping

• Uses ICMP to forward an Echo Request to thedestination address

• Destination replies ICMP Echo Reply message

• Powerful diagnostic tool– Demonstrate connectivity between 2 hosts

ISA / Cooper Bussmann Webinar

November 12, 2012

– Often used by hackers to locate devices on network

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TCP/IP Utilities - ARP

• Address Resolution Protocol– method for finding a host's link layer (hardware) address when

only its Internet Layer (IP) or some other Network Layer addressis known.

– not an IP-only or Ethernet-only protocol

• The following is the packet structure used for ARP

ISA / Cooper Bussmann Webinar

November 12, 2012

• The following is the packet structure used for ARPrequests and replies.

TCP/IP Utilities - Netstat

• Network statistics

• Command line tool that displays network connections– both incoming and outgoing

– routing tables

– network interface statistics.

• Available on Unix, and Windows

ISA / Cooper Bussmann Webinar

November 12, 2012

• Available on Unix, and Windows

• It is used for finding problems in the network and todetermine the amount of traffic on the network as aperformance measurement

Page 11: Staying Connected – Why Network Management … 1 Staying Connected – Why Network Standards Certification Education & Training Publishing Conferences & Exhibits Management Matters

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TCP/IP Utilities

NBTSTAT

• Protocol statistics and currentTCP/IP connections usingNetBIOS over TCP/IP

HOSTS File

• Resolves the mapping ofa “name” to an IPAddress

ISA / Cooper Bussmann Webinar

November 12, 2012

TCP/IP Configuration Utilities

IPConfig

• Shows TCP/IPconfiguration present inthe host– Host’s IP Address

WinIPCFG

• WINdowsIPConFiGuration

• Same information andfunctions as IPCONFIG

ISA / Cooper Bussmann Webinar

November 12, 2012

– Subnet mask

– Default gateway

• Interface with DHCP torenew leased IPaddresses

functions as IPCONFIGbut in Windowscompatible format

Page 12: Staying Connected – Why Network Management … 1 Staying Connected – Why Network Standards Certification Education & Training Publishing Conferences & Exhibits Management Matters

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TCP/IP Routing Utilities

TraceRT

• Used to trace a specificTCP/IP communicationspath– Traceroute in Unix

Route

• Enable manualconfiguration of Routingtables on TCP/IP hosts

• Typical use is for secure

ISA / Cooper Bussmann Webinar

November 12, 2012

– Tracert in Windows

• Shows all connectionsbetween one point andanother

• Typical use is for securenetwork deploymentwhere specific routebetween 2 points must beused.

Traditional Control Signals

• Current / Voltage to transmit signal– HART Communications superimposed over analog current

• Ground loops– Difficult to detect but introduce errors and “noise”

ISA / Cooper Bussmann Webinar

November 12, 2012

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More data, more ways

ISA / Cooper Bussmann Webinar

November 12, 2012

= more challenges

Digital Communications

Fieldbuses

• Bidirectionalcommunications of PVplus diagnostic data

• Remote configuration

Wireless

• Fieldbus without wires

• Gateways to convert fromwireless to “copper”

• Infrastructure required

ISA / Cooper Bussmann Webinar

November 12, 2012

• Remote configuration

• Separate infrastructurefrom traditional analog

• Infrastructure required– Once installed incremental

measurement can beinstalled “anywhere” for lowcost

Page 14: Staying Connected – Why Network Management … 1 Staying Connected – Why Network Standards Certification Education & Training Publishing Conferences & Exhibits Management Matters

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14

Radio Users Language

Modulation

• Common methods of attaching data/voice/pictureinformation modulated onto carrier wave fortransmission.

Pulse modulation – sine wave turned onand off and is rarely used – example Morsecode.

ISA / Cooper Bussmann Webinar

November 12, 2012

Message data must contact addressing schema in orderto reach destination point

code.

Amplitude modulation – amplitude of sinewave changes – example picture/imagecomponent of television, AM radiotransmissions

Frequency modulation – sine wavefrequency is adjusted marginally basedupon input signal – eg sound componentof television broadcasts, FM radio.

Radio Users Language

RADIO CHANNEL

Radio bands are comprised ofmultiple channels of a givennumber eg 902-928 MHz has 26channels of 1 MHz or 1024channels of 25Khz etc. Specificfrequencies (eg licensed) hasonly one channel to work with.

Trade off between frequency, channel width and datathroughput:

•Higher frequencies -> allowable use of radio bandslarger

•Larger radio bands -> radio channels wider

•Bigger radio channel width -> more data

throughput but less distance

ISA / Cooper Bussmann Webinar

November 12, 2012

INCREASINGFREQUENCY

CHANNEL WIDTH

RADIO BAND

Proliferation ofRF results ingovernmentssplitting upspectrum intobands of RFsignals eg 902-928 MHz

only one channel to work with.

Width of channel normallyregulated and wider bandsassociated with higherfrequencies result in higher baudrates of data throughput

Page 15: Staying Connected – Why Network Management … 1 Staying Connected – Why Network Standards Certification Education & Training Publishing Conferences & Exhibits Management Matters

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Radio Users Language

• SNR – BER– Signal to Noise Ratio

– Bit Error Rate

ISA / Cooper Bussmann Webinar

November 12, 2012

Reliable Radio (Rules of Thumb)

• Signal > -95dB

• Signal < -45dB

• Fade Margin = Signal to Noise Radio > 10dB

ISA / Cooper Bussmann Webinar

November 12, 2012

Max Signal

-45 dB -75 dB

Signal

-120 dB

Noise

-95 dB

Min Signal

SNR =50dB

Max Signal

-45 dB -77 dB

Signal

-85 dB

Noise

-95 dB

Min Signal

SNR = 8dB

Reliable

Unreliable

Page 16: Staying Connected – Why Network Management … 1 Staying Connected – Why Network Standards Certification Education & Training Publishing Conferences & Exhibits Management Matters

11/12/2012

16

What makes radio unreliable?

• Too Many Messages, Not enough bandwidth

– Repeating and colliding (Hold off, filtering, sensitivity interferance)

– Too many changes (Sensitivity too high, debounce, Block mappings)

• Fade Margin too small

– Interferance (blocking or interferance)

– Weak signal (increase antenna hight, change position)

ISA / Cooper Bussmann Webinar

November 12, 2012

– Bad earthing/grounding

• Signal Too Weak

– Water in connectors (if external should be watertight taped)

– Antenna Damaged (cracked, internal connector loose, try swap)

– Antenna mounting failing (position changed, antenna fallen)

– Bad Earthing / Grounding

– New obstruction (building added, radio position changed)

Wireless Options

Licensed High radio power 50 km L-O-S

VHF, UHF Narrow channelLow data rate

Microwave Wide channelHigh data rate

License Free / ISM

ISA / Cooper Bussmann Webinar

November 12, 2012

License Free / ISM

Low radio power Direct path In industrial plant

2.4GHz, 5.8GHz 1-100 Mb/s, 1 km <10 Mb/s, 50 m

869 MHz wide band 38-76 Kb/s, 5 km 76 Kb/s, 500 m

900 MHz FH 100 Kb/s , 10km 100 Kb/s, 500 m

458 MHz 10 Kb/s, 10 km 10 Kb/s, 700 m

151 MHz 5 Kb/s, 10 km 5 Kb/s, 500 m

Page 17: Staying Connected – Why Network Management … 1 Staying Connected – Why Network Standards Certification Education & Training Publishing Conferences & Exhibits Management Matters

11/12/2012

17

How Technology is Used

• Example of what 2.4 GHz is available

802.11 WiFi – wireless Ethernet• Multiple 11 MHz channels• Designed for high data rate, normally

in (commercial) applications where

ISA / Cooper Bussmann Webinar

November 12, 2012

in (commercial) applications wheredistance is not important

• Generally 30 - 300mW RF power802.15

ZigBee, Wireless HART, ISA100 – wireless sensors• Single 5MHz channel or multiple hopping channels• Designed for very low power consumption, battery

power• Generally 1 - 10mW RF power

Plant Deployed Wireless Protocols

ISA / Cooper Bussmann Webinar

November 12, 2012 Courtesy of WINA (Invensys)

Page 18: Staying Connected – Why Network Management … 1 Staying Connected – Why Network Standards Certification Education & Training Publishing Conferences & Exhibits Management Matters

11/12/2012

18

Wireless Field Level Networks

• Different Supplier Solutions– Cooper/Bussman WIB + 802.11 FF Modbus

– Pilz InduraNET Interbus

– Rosemount W-HART HART

– Vega PLICS I/O Hart

– Honeywell Leaf Nodes Modbus / Prop

ISA / Cooper Bussmann Webinar

November 12, 2012

– Honeywell Leaf Nodes Modbus / Prop

– Siemens Prop Profi bus / Net

• Open IEC Standards– WirelessHART

– ISA100

Single Layer Solution

ISA / Cooper Bussmann Webinar

November 12, 2012

Page 19: Staying Connected – Why Network Management … 1 Staying Connected – Why Network Standards Certification Education & Training Publishing Conferences & Exhibits Management Matters

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Two Layer Solution

• Sensor Mesh + Wireless Backbone

ISA / Cooper Bussmann Webinar

November 12, 2012

2.4 GHz challenges

• Meshing to solve range problems of 2.4GHz

ISA / Cooper Bussmann Webinar

November 12, 2012

• For reliable self-healing, eachnode should have direct links toat least two other nodes

Page 20: Staying Connected – Why Network Management … 1 Staying Connected – Why Network Standards Certification Education & Training Publishing Conferences & Exhibits Management Matters

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Wireless Sensor Technologies …

Out-of-Plant Network

Plant-wide Network

802.11 or Hi-Power 802.15.4

Nodes

WiMax, GPRSor FF Radio

ISA / Cooper Bussmann Webinar

November 12, 2012

Interface Devices for WirelessSensor Networksvarious standards

SP100WirelessSensor

Interface

Plant-wide Network

Wireless I/O andGateways

ELPRO 802.11 –WirelessSensor

Interface

ELPRO Wireless I/O andGateway Nodes for variouswireless sensor standards

WirelessHART

Price of not knowing

ISA / Cooper Bussmann Webinar

November 12, 2012

Price of not knowing

Page 21: Staying Connected – Why Network Management … 1 Staying Connected – Why Network Standards Certification Education & Training Publishing Conferences & Exhibits Management Matters

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The Great Unknown

• Uncertainty around the quality of control signals resultsin:– Greater ‘safety margin’ from operating constraint/limit

– Unplanned outage if unable to predict

– Additional capital to be prepared for single fault failure

ISA / Cooper Bussmann Webinar

November 12, 2012

ISA / Cooper Bussmann Webinar

November 12, 2012

NO CONNECTIONSNO CONTROL

Page 22: Staying Connected – Why Network Management … 1 Staying Connected – Why Network Standards Certification Education & Training Publishing Conferences & Exhibits Management Matters

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22

Traditional NetworkManagement

ISA / Cooper Bussmann Webinar

November 12, 2012

ManagementResponses

Keeping it Running

• Network Testing Tools– Hardware

– “Multi-meters”

– Time Domain Reflectometers

• Software Data Capture and AnalysisTools

ISA / Cooper Bussmann Webinar

November 12, 2012

Tools

• Security– Firewalls/Separation

– Tofino Security System

Page 23: Staying Connected – Why Network Management … 1 Staying Connected – Why Network Standards Certification Education & Training Publishing Conferences & Exhibits Management Matters

11/12/2012

23

Ethernet Diagnostic Tool

• Wireshark– Open Source contributions of

networking experts across theglobe

– Project started in 1998

– Deep packet inspector

ISA / Cooper Bussmann Webinar

November 12, 2012

– Deep packet inspector

– Wireshark.org to download

Today’s Diagnostic

ISA / Cooper Bussmann Webinar

November 12, 2012

Tools

Page 24: Staying Connected – Why Network Management … 1 Staying Connected – Why Network Standards Certification Education & Training Publishing Conferences & Exhibits Management Matters

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24

Plant vs. Device Network Components

PC Operator’sConsole

EthernetSwitch

Bridge(Linking Device)

ISA / Cooper Bussmann Webinar

November 12, 2012

PLC

Bridge(Linking Device)

Bridge(Linking Device)

Host control system

Portable diagnostic test equipment

Instrument Management Software(including fieldbus diagnostics)

ISA / Cooper Bussmann Webinar

November 12, 2012

Fieldbus powersupply system

Hand-heldDiagnostic Module

Controller I/O

Fieldbus

wiring components

Page 25: Staying Connected – Why Network Management … 1 Staying Connected – Why Network Standards Certification Education & Training Publishing Conferences & Exhibits Management Matters

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On-line diagnostic monitoring

Host control system

Instrument Management Software(including fieldbus diagnostics)

ISA / Cooper Bussmann Webinar

November 12, 2012

Controller I/O

Fieldbus power supplysystem

H1 Fieldbus

Field junction boxSegment 1 of 8

Basic failurealarms

On-lineDiagnostic Module

FF-612 Device Diagnostic Alarms

• Based on NAMUR NE 107– http://www.namur.de/

• Standardized integration of Diagnostic Data

Maintenance

ISA / Cooper Bussmann Webinar

November 12, 2012

? ?

? ?

Failure

Check Function

Out of Spec

Page 26: Staying Connected – Why Network Management … 1 Staying Connected – Why Network Standards Certification Education & Training Publishing Conferences & Exhibits Management Matters

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Field Network Tools

HART Communicator

• Confirms communicationwith devices

• Physical Layer is via“standard” analog tools

Fieldbus

• Create false faults todetermine weakest pointprior to fault

• Confirms “margin of error”

ISA / Cooper Bussmann Webinar

November 12, 2012

“standard” analog tools– Multimeter

– Ground loop

• Confirms “margin of error”before problems begin

Ethernet Physical Layer Testers

Copper

• Wire pairs correctlyterminated

• Signal strength

Fiber

• OTDR – Optical TimeDomain Reflectometer– Determines estimating the

fiber's length and overallattenuation

ISA / Cooper Bussmann Webinar

November 12, 2012

attenuation

– Includes splice andconnector losses.

– Used to locate faults, suchas breaks

– Measure optical return loss

Page 27: Staying Connected – Why Network Management … 1 Staying Connected – Why Network Standards Certification Education & Training Publishing Conferences & Exhibits Management Matters

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Ethernet Tools

• Network Diagnostic Tool (NDT)– Presently version 3.6.4

– designed to quickly and easily identify a specific set of conditionsthat are known to impact network performance.

– The NDT performs the following tasks:

– Simple bi-directional test to gather E2E data

ISA / Cooper Bussmann Webinar

November 12, 2012

– Simple bi-directional test to gather E2E data

– Gather multiple data variables from server

– Compare measured performance to analytical values

– Translate network values into plain text messages

Generic Wireless Tools

• Netstumbler– Netstumbler.com

• Netsurveyor

– http://www.performancewifi.net/performance-wifi/main/NetSurveyor.

ISA / Cooper Bussmann Webinar

November 12, 2012

wifi/main/NetSurveyor.htm

– Similar toNetstumbler plusrecording/playbackfeature

– NetStress

– Comparison toolworks withNetSurveyor

Page 28: Staying Connected – Why Network Management … 1 Staying Connected – Why Network Standards Certification Education & Training Publishing Conferences & Exhibits Management Matters

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Generic Wireless Tools

• CommView for WiFi– program allows you to capture packets and then search them for

specific strings, packet types,

ISA / Cooper Bussmann Webinar

November 12, 2012

Generic Wireless Tools

• inSSIDer

– similar to Net Stumbler application

– Designed to detect wireless networks and report ontheir type, maximum transfer rate, and channel usage.

– Includesgraphical

ISA / Cooper Bussmann Webinar

November 12, 2012

graphicalrepresentationof eachwirelessnetwork’samplitude andchannel usage

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Generic Wireless Tools

• Wireless Wizard– series of diagnostic tests to

see how well your wirelessnetwork is performing.

– Includes a spectrum analyzerthat recommends the best

ISA / Cooper Bussmann Webinar

November 12, 2012

wireless channel to use

R

Intelligent Network Managementfrom Cooper Bussmann

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NMS Objectives

Provide comprehensive Networkvisibility and management forwireless and wired networks

to spot problems before they occur

know immediately when problems arise

Increase your network performance

through intelligent management

Intelligent Network ManagementSystem

WirelessApplications

Mining

Oil & Gas

Water /Wastewater

ChemicalProcessing

PowerGeneration

MARKETFOCUS

through intelligent management

Increase your network scalability andavailability

through distributed server architecture

Simplification of operationalprocesses

to support ease-of-use operationalworkflows through automation

Reduction in operating cost

59

Private DCS/SCADA Network

Internet

NetworkManagementSystem

Highly Scalable Network Architecture

Private DCS/SCADA Network

GatewayGateway

Gateway

Wireless Mesh Network

DataControlSystem

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Intelligent Network Management System

IntelligentWireless NetworkManagementSystem of theFuture

VisualizationIntuitive User Interfacewith Network Topologymap, visible networkperformance and alarmrecognition.Historization

Standard Reporting andGraphing tools to assessnetwork performance.

SecurityManagement

Provisioning &ConfigurationSimplified installationand configuration ofNodes.

6161

Monitor &PerformanceManagementContinued monitoring ofNodes and network links.Automated performanceadjustments duringnetwork degradation.

Fault and AlarmManagementAdvanced self-diagnostic and self-healing adjustments.Problem tracking,alarming andnotification.

ManagementSystem Administrationmanagement and settingUser policies. Automatedintrusion detection,alarming and reporting.

Wireless Network Management System forincreasing productivity, simplifyingoperational processes, increasing networkquality and reducing operating cost.

Network Management Platform

Flexible Web-based technology

Supports various hardware configurations from Laptop toDesktop to multi-Server Clusters

Network Agnostic Manage any size of network

Monitor wireless & wired networks

Adapt to any wireless protocol

Allow for low/high latency network applications Allow for low/high latency network applications

Device Agnostic

Support of ELPRO devices (I/O, Modem, Gateways , Access Points)

Integration of 3rd party wireless devices and LAN equipment

Flexible and Scalable Architecture Management of 5,000 + Nodes (already managing 1,000+)

Accessible by 64 simultaneous users from “Anywhere”

Option to Interconnect to DCS/SCADA systems via OPC orSNMP (future release)

62Your Expansion Platform for the Future

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Network Visualization

Visualization of Wireless & Wired Networks Practical navigation and intuitive graphical representation

of networking information and alerts

Provides a central view of the network with visual cues fornode and link status and node information

(e.g. Temperature, RSSI, Voltage, Signal quality, Duty cycle, etc)

Access device information via “One-Click”

Automatic refresh of Network Topology upon changes inthe network

Network representation according to your specific needs: Network representation according to your specific needs:

• Virtual Network Topology

• Google Map or Google Earth

• Import of pictures

Powerful, user definable dashboards provide at-a-glanceaccess to important monitoring information

Network/Node Provisioning Auto-Discovery and Device Authentication

Comprehensive Test Automation with network impactanalysis (future release)

63Envision your Network

Network Visualization

Network Status Map

64Ease of Device Localization and Getting Information

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Network Visualization

Google Map

65Place any Device at Exact Geographical Location

Network Analysis & Performance

Node Configuration & Diagnostic Template-based configuration –to accelerate deployment and to

improve efficiency and reduce errors (future release)

Consistency checking for accepting or rejecting changes (futurerelease)

Scheduled OTA Firmware upgrades (future release)

Network Monitoring and Performance Analysis Proactive network monitoring (scheduled, manual) with

performance thresholds to trigger events and actions

Intelligent Node and Link performance analysis utilizing Network Intelligent Node and Link performance analysis utilizing NetworkPerformance Parameters and Device Diagnostics

Access to historical network and equipment performance graphs tooptimize availability and predictive maintenance

Fault & Alarm Management Color-coded Fault and Alarm indicators to provide real-time

notification

Proactively identify and fix network degradation

Automated / Semi-automated fault recovery

Real-time notifications and alarm escalation to ensure highavailability of devices

66Increased Productivity Through Intelligence

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Network Analysis & Performance

Host Detail Information

67

View Host Details for all Devices in the Network

Network Analysis & Performance

Host Performance Graphs

68Graphical Performance for Entire Network

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Network Analysis & Performance

Monitoring Process

69Quick Health Check and Scorecard

Network Analysis & Performance

Fault & Alarm Management Monitor all open Services Issues

70

Reduced Down-Time Through Alarm Management

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Network Data Management

Security Intrusion detection, alarming and reporting

User Authentication via User ID and Password

Account Management User profile management with classifications of users and definition of

user rights and policies

Logging & Statistic Manager Recording of all system and network events

Data Analysis utilizing commercial graphing tools

Historization of Data Historical reports provide record of network events, alerts and alarms,

notifications, network/node outages, system usage and performance

Consolidated performance metrics

Exporting of Data Convert data into CSV-format

Option for external interface to DCS/SCADA via OPC or SNMP (futurerelease)

71Administrative Tools for Easy Management

Network Data Management

Security and Account Management

72

Control Users, Access, and Security

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Network Data Management

Historization and Exporting of Data

73

Historical Data Stored and Available to Export

Summary

Expertise

Scalability Availability

74Your Complete Network Management System

Increased NetworkPerformance

Real-Time MonitoringComprehensiveSolution

Simplification

EasyConfiguration

Visualization Monitor

Productivity

Efficiency

Intelligent Management

AlarmManagement

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It starts with Design

ISA / Cooper Bussmann Webinar

November 12, 2012

It starts with Design

Wireless Network Survey Project

• Security Survey– Physical and Network analysis

• Site Survey– Physical signal measurements & Analysis

• Two activities must both be completed as part of fullsystem analysis

ISA / Cooper Bussmann Webinar

November 12, 2012

system analysis– Aware of ‘competing’ demands for same frequencies from other

ISM users

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Getting Started

• Identify User Requirements

• Corporate Policies, Procedures, System Management forWireless Spectrum

• Conduct an RF Site Survey– Identify signal paths and potential interference sources

– IT, Industrial, Cellular

ISA / Cooper Bussmann Webinar

November 12, 2012

– IT, Industrial, Cellular

• Maintenance, Support as part of plan

• Integrate security and mobility products with enterpriseidentity solutions

• Develop policies on classes of devices connected towhich network

• Identify wireless platforms growth

• Storyboard the application(s)

Security Survey

• Amount ofeffort tocompromise

• Determine‘leakage’

• Packet logging /

Preparation Audit

• Report &Recommendations

• Implementation

Report

ISA / Cooper Bussmann Webinar

November 12, 2012

compromisesystem

• Timing ofactivity

• Packet logging /analysis

• Identify AccessPoints

• Exploit system(optional)

• ImplementationPlan

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Site Audit

• Site layout/ drawings

• Mobility /

• SpectrumCompetition– Bluetooth,

• Report &Recommendations

PreparationRadioSurvey

Report

• PhysicalSecurity• Buildings and

PhysicalSurvey

ISA / Cooper Bussmann Webinar

November 12, 2012

• Mobility /Requiredcoverage

• PlannedGrowth

– Bluetooth,IEEE 802.nn

• Rogue Sources– Microwave,

Electrical

• Movingequipment– Cranes, etc.

dations

• Implementation Plan

• Buildings andenclosures

• Fading Zones /Coverage

• Off siteleakage

• Antennalocation(s)

Survey Report Summary Topics

• Radio

– Type

– Location(s)– Existing

– New

• Antenna

– Type

– Cable length– Pathway

• Power Feed

ISA / Cooper Bussmann Webinar

November 12, 2012

– New

• Mounting Surface(s)

– Radio

– Antenna

• Enclosure

• Power Configuration

• Three Dimensions

• Power Feed

• Data Feed

• Signal StrengthMeasurements

– Radial distance

– Signal strength (dB)

• Site Photos

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Survey “Maps”

128

n Signal Strength Reading

ISA / Cooper Bussmann Webinar

November 12, 2012

5

37

46

Range & Propagation

• When paths areobstructed andattenuation cannot beaccurately calculatedMANDATORY to

ISA / Cooper Bussmann Webinar

November 12, 2012

MANDATORY tosimulate/test inter-devicecommunications

– Radios (mesh)

– Access Point(s)

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RF Physics Principle 1:

• Relative to higher frequencies, lower frequencies have greaterabilities to:

– Reflect (bounce) of objects.

– Refract (bend) around objects.

– Are less likely to scatter.

• The combined effect of improved relative (eg 900Mhz vs. 2.4Ghz)reflection, refraction and less scattering, in conjunction with less

ISA / Cooper Bussmann Webinar

November 12, 2012

reflection, refraction and less scattering, in conjunction with lessattenuation (remember higher power with lower frequencies), giveslower frequencies the ability to reliably propagate betweentransmitter and receiver.

• Assumption - again principle assumes we are dealing with identicaltelemetry path and typical RF power transmissions.

Communications Channel Considerations

• Inherent sensor accuracy,

• Robustness

• Power demand (battery life),

• Ease of implementation.

• Check uncorrected bit error rate (BER)

ISA / Cooper Bussmann Webinar

November 12, 2012

– Trade-off between BER and data rate

– error-correcting codes must be added to the data stream toaccommodate potential errors in the transmission.

– Determine the robustness and likely failure scenarios for a givenimplementation.

• Better the uncorrected BER, the better the potential forgetting the data through.

• Narrower the bandwidth, lower the over-the-air data rate

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Rules of Thumb

• Radio with transmit power ≤ 5W– Minimum distance to nearest Receivers

– ≥ 2 meters (6 feet vertically)

– ≥ 3.2 meters (10 feet horizontally)

• Antenna Mounting– Space antennas of similar frequency as far as possible from

ISA / Cooper Bussmann Webinar

November 12, 2012

– Space antennas of similar frequency as far as possible fromeach other

Typical RF Loss

Substance Loss (dB) Efficiently Range Loss

Space 0 0%

Windows (W/o Metal) 3 30%

Windows (W/ Metal) 5-8 50%

ISA / Cooper Bussmann Webinar

November 12, 2012

Dry Wall 5-8 50%

Wood Wall 10 70%

6’’ Wall 15-20 85%

12’’ Wall 20-25 90%

Ceiling 15-20 85%

Thick Ceiling 20-25 90%

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Your future Wireless Plant - what’simportant?

• DON’T PANIC!

• Understand the basics of Wireless– Frequency bands, data rate, distance, security

– What products are available?

• Manage your wireless spectrum

ISA / Cooper Bussmann Webinar

November 12, 2012

– Plan how different wireless services will co-exist

– Use the different frequency bands available

– Implement Defense-in-depth strategy

87 of 45

The Future Of Radio

• What is the right solution?

• The right system/supplier is one with the answers for thefuture not just this installation– Use a supplier working within available standards

– Understand the basics of wireless, frequency bands, data rates,what products are availalble

ISA / Cooper Bussmann Webinar

November 12, 2012

what products are availalble

– Manage your wireless spectrum. One frequency will not beenough for all your wireless apps.

– Test instalations before commiting

– Use technology fitting all requirments not just speed

– Range

– Responce time

– Compatibility with other equipment

– Security

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Security Matters

ISA / Cooper Bussmann Webinar

November 12, 2012

Security Matters

IT versus Process Automation SecurityObjectives

Industrial Automation

• Availability

• Integrity

• Confidentiality

Corporate LAN

• Confidentiality

• Integrity

• Availability

ISA / Cooper Bussmann Webinar

November 12, 2012

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Access Attempts & Attack pathways

Defense inDepth includesmore than thenetworkinfrastructure

Attack

Containment Measures

Wired Network Controls

Wireless Network Controls

Physical Access Controls

Personnel Controls

Laptop – covertWireless attack

CompromisedHistorian

ISA / Cooper Bussmann Webinar

November 12, 2012

Each security layer is equally important

Courtesy of CISCO/Dust Networks

AttackTarget

Laptop –Engineering Access

Utility Staffmember withoutAuthorisation

FEP

Key to Automation Security

• Apply products and services supporting a defense-in-depth architecture– All Layers

– Security Service and Policy

– Physical

– Guns, guards and gates

– Network

PerimeterEnforcement

Security Services

Operating

Physical

Network

ISA / Cooper Bussmann Webinar

November 12, 2012

– Network

– Network protection and control

– OS

– OS Patching

– Application

– Change Management

– Patch Management

– Device

– Device protection and control

DeviceSecurity

ApplicationApplication

OperatingSystem

DeviceSecurity

Slide Courtesy of Rockwell Automation

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Axioms of Industrial Automation and ControlsSecurity

1. Safety Trumps All

2. Business Takes Next Priority

3. Internet Access From The ShopFloor is a Recipe For Disaster

4. Proprietary Isn’t Safer

5. The First Firewall is Only aSpeed Bump

ISA / Cooper Bussmann Webinar

November 12, 2012

Speed Bump

6. Everything Is A Weapon, andEverything is a Target

7. Isolated Networks … Aren’t

8. Technology Isn’t The Problem

9. It Isn’t About The Viruses andThe Hackers …People Are TheBiggest in a System

10. It is not Possible toProtect the Shop FloorThrough the SameMechanisms as the ITSpace

11.Switched Networks,Especially Unmanaged,are no More Secure

Slide Courtesy of Rockwell Automation

The “Key Three”

• Experience Shows that focusingon these three key elementsdramatically improves industrialautomation security

• These should be implementedwith an “80/20” principle asguidance… 80% policy,

Filteringand Blocking

•Firewalls

•VPN

•VLAN

Access Control

•Policy

•Active Directory

ISA / Cooper Bussmann Webinar

November 12, 2012

guidance… 80% policy,procedures, and training, 20%technology

• These are not a perfect solution,but are the three most importantareas for control systems

Backup andRecovery / CM

•Policy

• DisasterRecoveryPlanning

Slide Courtesy of Rockwell Automation

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Using Zones: A Refinery Example

ISA / Cooper Bussmann Webinar

November 12, 2012 95

The bottom line

ISA / Cooper Bussmann Webinar

November 12, 2012

The bottom line

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Rewards for Getting it Right

• Increased system reliability– Greater throughput

– Higher quality product

• More measurements at lower costs

• Workforce mobility

ISA / Cooper Bussmann Webinar

November 12, 2012

• New Measurements– Smaller, Less intrusive

• New applications– More data, more places

– More opportunities

• Improved HSE

• Plant Security

Cooper Bussmann Wireless

AgingInfrastructure

RotatingEquipment

MovableMachinery

ProcessControl

98

BrandsKey Differentiators

Tailored solution for high growth end markets

Universal interconnectivity

Broad basket of wireless products fordeployment in harsh environment

Integrated Product Solutions in Key Verticals

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Intelligent Network Management System

Partnership with IT Network Management technology provider(Nagios Xi core – Cooper Industrial Wireless extension)

Core NMS engine being used by over 1,000,000 users worldwideand many Fortune 500 companies

Cooper developed complete software enhancements to monitorand configure Wireless Networks

99A Decade Long Proven Platform

915U-2 245U-E 945U-E 455U-D

Questions & Contact Information

To learn more please contact:Brian Cunningham

Applications Engineer, Wireless

a business unit of Cooper Bussmann

#74 - 1833 Coast Meridian Rd.

Port Coquitlam BC Canada V3C6G5

ISA / Cooper Bussmann Webinar

November 12, 2012

Port Coquitlam BC Canada V3C6G5

[email protected]

(Toll Free) 1 866 713 4409 x 298

(Overseas) +1 604 944 9247 x 298

www.cooperbussmann.com/wireless