increasingly calling for stricter gun regulations.

According to ABC News and the BBC, on March 18 (local time),

Another tragic mass shooting has occurred in the United States, killing many innocent people. As a result, teenagers in the United States are

01No. 22 Monday, April 9, 2018 •

Stephen Hawking, the legendary physicist, dies at 76

#MeNext and #NeverAgain: the courageous anti-gun hashtagsStudents are planning to march for their lives demanding strong gun control

Marjory Stoneman Douglas High School students in Parkland, Florida, who survived the shooting on March 14 are planning to hold an event with the slogan, “March for Our Lives.” In addition to them, teenagers across the United States are urging for stricter gun regulations. They have been posting the hashtag, “#MeNext,” on social media platforms such as Instagram, suggesting that the next shooting victim could be anyone.

One student at the Parkland High School said in an interview with the BBC that it is crazy to let children in the U.S. buy “war weapons.” In the wake of the most recent school shootings, it has been revealed that the semi-automatic rifle (AR-15) has often been used as a man-killer in several mass shootings, and the age limit on

functioning as mediums to gather people together.

However, President Donald Trump seems to be taking no action, as if he is ignoring public opinion. To him, this incident is more of a threat to his position than a tragic event in which he should provide real comfort to the victims and elicite solidarity.

Now, even at this moment, countless people with eyes awakened to the absurdities that enable these tragedies to happen are uploading photos and articles with the hashtags, #MeNext and #NeverAgain. Now that rapid changes in American society have encouraged more people to speak out for their rights, this massive movement is taking effect as a result of the concerted efforts of countless everyday people.

One of the best theoretical physicists of all time, passed away on the 14th of March. He had a remarkable career, and made an incredible impact on science, especially in the theory of the black holes and relativity.

Stephen Hawking was born in Oxford, England in 1942. His parents were both doctors. They wanted him to study medicine, but he wanted to study mathematics. However, the scholarship that he got for the college didn’t offer a degree in mathematics and that led him to the field of physics.

While he was studying cosmology at Cambridge, he was diagnosed with Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS, also known as the Lou Gehrig’s disease), and he was informed that this degenerative neurological disorder would make his nerve systems shrink and he would become paralyzed as the disease continued into his later life.

It was a devastating news. He was given two and a half years to live, but he never gave up and kept focusing on his work. However, as the time passed, he couldn’t walk by himself and was confined to a wheelchair in 1969.

Few years after his diagnosis, he went to the course of a mathematician Roger Penrose. He

was inspired by his theorem of a singularity in the black holes, and wrote his own thesis based Penrose’s theorem. In 1973, he wrote a paper “The Four Laws of Black Hole Mechanics,” which is now called “Hawking Radiation Theory.” The theory was based on the quantum theory and general relativity. It showed that black holes aren’t actually vacuums and since the black holes emit a form of particle and lose mass and energy, they will shrink and eventually vanish. However, his presentation was against the quantum mechanics. This so-called “black hole information paradox” became highly controversial.

In 1985, he got pneumonia, which deprived him of his voice totally. He first used a clicker to type but soon he lost all the control of his fingers and had to communicate with a voice synthesizing program by catching the movement of his eyes and activating muscles in his cheek.

Hawking first drew attention of the world with his book A Brief History of Time in 1988, which is about quantum mechanics and string theory. Millions of copies were sold and it quickly gained him the title of genius. However, in 2004, he shocked the world at the conference held in Ireland proving that he made the “biggest blunder.”

He found out that black holes emit a form of

radiation and that radiation once sucked in by a black hole can be released again. And this new theory was contradicting to his previous ones.

In 2007, he and his daughter Lucy wrote fiction for kids and teenagers to spread his findings and expand their accessibility to the public, stressing on the importance of learning science. He also was on the screens and TVs. He made an appearance on the TV programs such as Big Bang Theory, and The Simpsons, and his whole life came out as a movie called the Theory of Everything in 2014.

During his life until his 70s, he provided many ALS patients and disabled the hope of living long enough to fulfill their dreams. He created the Stephen Hawking Foundation to help motor neuron diseased patients. He also left many quotes inspiring numerous people: “Although I’m severely disabled I have been successful in the scientific world.” “Be curious and however difficult life may seem, there is always something you can do and succeed at. It matters that you don’t just give up.” “Disability need not be an obstacle to success.”

And even after his death, countless of people will remember him as the legendary scientist of the century.

the sale of AR-15s is lower than the age limit on the sale of alcohol (the age limit on alcohol sales in the U.S. is 21). The Parkland student also added the hashtag, “#NeverAgain,” which means, “I don't want this to happen again.”

The #MeNext, #NeverAgain campaign has become increasingly popular. In the near future, there will be a march held by high school students nationwide to demand tighter gun control. Already, more than 50,000 people have signed the online campaign. As thousands of people have voluntarily joined forces to demand stronger measures for gun control, this event is seen as a meaningful grassroots movement using social media. Instagram and other social media platforms are

Stephen Hawking is regarded as a brilliant theoretical physicist. His works on black holes and the big bang are topics of popular books. Hawking's remains will be placed in the abbey near those of distinguished fellow scientists, such as Newton and Darwin.

Thousands rallied in Washington, DC, on Saturday for a March for Our Lives protest to advocate for gun control. Thousands more joined them at other marches in cities large and small across the country.

Hello! I’m David from the United Kingdom. I come from the North West of England near a city called Liverpool ‒ the city is famous for football teams and ‘the Beatles.’

Since I was young, I always enjoyed reading and writing so I decided to study English Literature at university. After that, I trained to be a high school

teacher but, before starting my teaching career, I wanted to take time to travel. I visited and volunteered for a short time in China and Rwanda before I came to Korea in 2013. This also gave me chance to practice my other hobby ‒ photography. Since coming to Korea, I have had many great experiences and, most amazing of all, I met my wife here and we got married at Sangdang International Church. I have worked at elementary schools, hagwons and university and I have met students of various ages and stages of education. I know that learning a language is not easy ‒ it is very hard for me to remember Korean words and speak without feeling embarrassed ‒ but the advantages are endless! It is important to enjoy learning and never give up. I hope I can help you practice and express yourself more clearly using English. I look forward to hearing all of your ideas!

David Toft

Hello, my name is Vicki. I am originally from Two Harbors, Minnesota, USA but I did most of my 45 years of elementary school teaching in Sacramento, California. I have a Master’s Degree in Educational Leadership and English as a Second Language. I have one adult son living in California.

In 2005, I discovered my passion for living and teaching in a foreign country when I

came to Boeun, Chungbuk Province, to teach English. Over the next 12 years I divided my time between the United States and Korea, often returning to spend time with my “adopted” Korean family in Cheongju, where I now live full time.

I enjoy using my language skills to read articles for the newspaper and offer advice on how to improve the grammar and flow of the sentences. “It’s a pleasure to read the articles from this paper because every time I learn something new I didn’t know before. I love the broad perspective this newspaper takes by including articles on such topics as science, the arts, human interest, authors, and movie reviews, to name just a few.

I look forward to continuing this important volunteer job with Weekly Monday. I want to thank the creators of Weekly Monday for putting exciting English news in the hands of student learners!

Vicki Lee Holisky-Crets

My name is Angie Gallagher, and I’m 29 years old. I completed a BA Communications degree in 2010 at the North-West University in Potchefstroom, South Africa, before teaching English in South Korea for two years.

Since moving back to South Africa, I have worked as a client liaison officer for a company in

Johannesburg, and I am currently a copywriter and social media manager in Richmond in the Northern Cape Province. In addition to this, I do some freelance writing and proofreading, also for your newspaper. I’m a professional writer and a passionate reader, so it gives me great pleasure to hone my skills in various ways. I may have left Korea, but Korea has never left me, and I’m happy to still be involved in this way, and to keep track of what is happening in your country by reading and editing the pieces you write.

I believe that having a good command of the English language will greatly benefit you in the future. I hope it will also open doors for you globally. Travelling has been a very special and life-changing experience for me, and I hope it is something you will also have the chance to do in your life. Thank you for the opportunity, and go well!

Angie Gallagher

Over 40 English speakers worldwide help edit WeeklyMonday willinglyVolunteer Editors

02 • Monday, April 9, 2018 For Middle School Students

Living and working on Mars, driving to the moon by car for the holidays, these things sound just like what you have read in bedtime stories. However, now it has become quite feasible!

On February 6th, at 3:45p.m. (local time), Elon Musk’s private aerospace service company, SpaceX, successfully launched the rocket “Falcon Heavy” at Kennedy Space Center in Florida. With a height of 70 meters and a width of 12.2 meters, its capable payload is 63,800 kilograms. Falcon Heavy is considered as one of the most powerful and biggest rockets to date.

The original purpose of launching this shuttle was to send humans to Mars, but since

Boracay, Philippines to be closed for six months

A private company sent a car into space with “Falcon Heavy”

Island rehabilitation plan likely impacts the tourism industry, both domestic and international SpaceX is planning to take humans to

Mars and the moon soonit was the first launch of Falcon Heavy, they could not send an astronaut right away. However, simply sending an empty rocket to space could not satisfy this nerdy entrepreneur. Musk loaded his own cherry-red Tesla roadster (a sports car) with a mannequin named Starman.

The dream of developing a reusable spacecraft has also partially come true. Out of 27 engines, Falcon Heavy has three combined engines that previously belonged to Falcon9’s (Falcon9 is the old model of spaceX). They planned to reuse the engines again but unfortunately, out of three, one booster fell right into the ocean due to propellant problems.

The Falcon Heavy’s launch

cost about $90 million. Now this is super cost-effective when compared to its rival, NASA’s Saturn-V which is going to be launched in 2020 and costs around $1billion.

With his little dummy, he also left a few hidden Easter eggs for the foreigners out in space, tweeting “I love the thought of a car driving apparently endlessly through space and perhaps being discovered by an alien race millions of years in the future.”

SpaceX is planning to carry humans to Mars and take tourists around the moon using this Falcon Heavy after a few years when the shuttle has undergone further testing.

Still, Boracay makes up a large part of the tourism industry in the Philippines, and its residents mostly rely on tourism for their livelihood. Therefore, there are worries that the closure should be postponed until June when the rainy season starts.

Korean travel agencies and airlines are also paying attention to the Philippine government's announcement regarding Boracay’s closing. Air Seoul, one of two domestic airlines that offer direct flights to the island, has already announced the suspension of operations to Kalibo Airport in the Philippines. Another airline, Jin-Air, plans to deal with the situation after the Philippine government’s formal announcement.

Boracay has more than two million tourists every year, and more than half of them are foreigners. The number of tourists visiting the Philippines reached 6.6 million in 2017, but the closing down of Boracay is expected to drastically affect the tourism industry in the Philippines.

On April 2nd, Rodrigo Duterte, President of the Philippines, announced he would close the island for six months starting April 26th. As early as February, President Duterte was thinking about declaring a state of emergency and closing the island to improve its hygienic conditions.

According to the reports, related departments, including the Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR), accepted the president’s recommendation of closing Boracay for 6 months, and President Duterte ordered to supplement details to justify the closing.

In addition, the Philippines’ Department of Interior and Local Government says they are preparing lawsuits against local officials for neglecting their responsibilities in protecting the island's environment. Meanwhile, the Department of Tourism is also concerned that Boracay will not be sustainable as a tourist site if it is not closed immediately.

03Monday, April 9, 2018 •For High School Students

Health advisories for fine dust are becoming more frequent; prompting concerns and questions about dust pollutants.

Dust pollutants are measured by particle matters (PM) size. Coarse dust (a.k.a. PM10) ranging from 2.5 to 10 micrometers (μm), fine dust PM range from 2 μm to 0.1 μm, and ultra-fine dust particles measure less than 0.1 μm.

Reportedly, the smaller a particle, the deeper it can penetrate the lungs. The ultra-fine particulates can penetrate the pulmonary alveoli causing respiratory diseases, and ultra-fine dust can cause pneumonia as well as lung cancer. Health concern over dust pollution has led to measuring the amounts of dust pollutions in many countries and has resulted in numerous

Chinese help is imperative in solving Korea’s fine dust pollution

Korean government strongly requests Chinese cooperation for the fine dust issue

health alerts and an increase in an awareness of environmental practices.

In Korea, the government has been strongly criticized for its inability to provide practical solutions to the fine dust particles, resulting in an increase in the number of petitions asking for a viable resolutions of fine dust issue. Concerned citizens are asking government for fundamental changes in its environmental policies and practices.

Although China has been accused of being primary source of this threatening issue, there has not enough evidence to connect China to the dust pollution. In fact, as the public awareness of dust reports increase, China has reported a decrease in measurements of fine dust levels and claims to have

made considerable improvements in their overall environmental practices. Meanwhile, according to critiques, South Korea has shown no improvement in environmental practices; instead, blaming 80% of the pollution on China.

In March 2018, the Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science (KRISS) presented the long-suspected evidence, showing that increase in ultra-fine dust measurements on the Korean peninsula in January 2018 were positively linked to the potassium emitted from the Chinese New Year’s fireworks. Jung Jin-sang of KRISS stated, "We have scientifically proven that atmospheric pollutants from China enter Korea to aggravate the concentration of fine-dust levels."

As mentioned, petitions

requesting practical environmental measures have soared, These petitioners strongly ask for practical changes like renewing domestic policies on one hand and taking strong diplomatic actions toward China on the other hand.

President Moon Jae-In mentioned the seriousness of the fine dust coming from China, stressing the health concerns of the Korean people in talks with the Chinese special envoy visiting Korea in preparation for the meeting between Chinese President Xi Jinping and North Korean leader Kim Jong Un. However, many Koreans feel China still has not taken any practical measures or actions; appearing somewhat aloof in the circumstance.

Ms. Randi Heesoo Griffin who scored the team’s first goal in the 2018 Winter Olympics against Japan

A: Heesoo is my middle name, and it is also my mother’s Korean name. When I joined Team Korea, I asked to have my Korean name, Heesoo, on my jersey because I wanted to honor my Korean heritage. I chose the number 37 to honor my Korean grandmother, who was born in 1937. I was very close to her as a child and she made many sacrifices for her family when she first came to the US in the 1970s, so I wanted her to know how much that means to me.

Q: They must have been proud of you, Randi. The Pyeongchang Winter Games are over now. Are you going back to the States to study? What are your plans for the future?

A: We have World Championships in Italy in April, and then I will go to the US to finish my PhD. After that, I will try to find a job as a data scientist. I might keep playing for Team Korea if I can find a way to train in the US while having a job, but if not, then I will go back to coaching kids. I would love to come back to Korea as a coach one day, but of course, I don’t know if it will be possible. Just in case, I am planning to keep studying Korean after I go back to the US.

Q: Can you leave any message for our readers, especially for young Korean students ?

A: Follow your passion! Keep an open mind, seek out new experiences, and don’t be afraid to take a different path than everyone else.

Women’s hockey has never been popular in South Korea, but we had sold out crowds at our games. Even when we lost, people were still

cheering for us as if we had won. After the games were over, I got so many kind messages from supporters, and random people would come up to me on the street just to tell me that they loved watching our team play. That meant so much to me, because my dream for the Olympics was that we would inspire people in South Korea to love ice hockey. I really hope there are some little girls and boys out there who will try hockey for the first time because of us.

Q: I heard about your name Heesoo and your uniform number. Can you tell us the story about that?

Hockey Association sent me an e-mail asking if I would come to Korea to try out for the team. They said they were recruiting Korean-Americans to help

boost the team for Pyeongchang. At first, I didn’t believe it. But after a few more e-mails, I decided to give it a try, and it ended up becoming one of the most amazing experiences of my life.

Q: You and all the other players gave us a wonderful and precious experience during the Olympic Games. I myself almost cried watching the games on TV. What do you think the most unforgettable memories were as a player of the unified Korean team in this 2018 Pyeongchang Olympic Games?

A: For me, the greatest memories are of our supporters.

INTERVIEW: Ms. Randi Heesoo Griffin was an ice hockey player of the unified Korean women’s team in the 2018 Winter Olympics and she scored the team’s first goal in the game against Japan. That goal gave us a deep impression because it was the first goal that Korea ever achieved in the Olympic Games. I interviewed this young lady via email.

Q: You have become a well known woman ice hockey player in Korea now. Could you tell us briefly about yourself?

A: Well, I am half Korean and half American. I’m a bit shy, but I love traveling and meeting interesting new people. I like science, science fiction, playing all kinds of games (board games and video games), and cooking.

Q: Well, you are a naturalized Korean citizen now, but you were born and raised in the United States as an American citizen. I’d like

to know about your experiences as a student in middle school, high school, and university.

A: When I was in middle school, I would barely talk to anyone because I was so shy. Part of why I fell in love with hockey was because it was a great way to make friends. When you are on a team, people get to know you even if you are shy. I kept playing hockey and getting better in high school, and when I was 16, I got recruited to play on the Harvard women’s hockey team. That didn’t guarantee that I would get in, but luckily, I got in and played hockey at Harvard for 4 years. While I was there, I also met some awesome professors and discovered that I love science too, so after I graduated I decided to go for a PhD in evolutionary biology at Duke. I’m hoping to finish my PhD this summer.

Q: I wonder how you became a representative player of the Korean national team.

A: I learned how to skate as a figure skater when I was 10 years old, and was inspired to play hockey after watching women’s hockey at the 1998 Nagano Winter Olympics. That was the first time women’s hockey was in the Olympics, and I remember being so amazed at how fast, strong, and awesome those girls were. I dreamed of playing in the Olympics, but I didn’t have the chance to make Team USA. After my college career ended in 2010, I stopped playing hockey and started coaching kids while I was studying at Duke. Then, in 2015, the Korean Ice

Interview

By Cheol Yu

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Even when we lost, people were still cheering for us as if we had won. After the games were over, I got so many kind messages from supporters.

Why do you go to see movies? As part of your life’s leisure? Or just time killing? Sometimes we find movies that show a sharp and pungent point of view and insight about the society so that we can get away from the common view that “A movie is just a movie.” Those

On March 8th, the city of Daegu, South Korea, also known as “Dafrica” (Daegu+Africa) for its scorching summer weather, struggled due to the snow that piled up overnight. Since the National Weather Center didn’t expect 7.5cm

Unpredictable winter weather baffles the world Unprecedented attack of freezing cold and boiling hot weather causes chaos

The movie: Avatar

movies give some kinds of message - warnings or lessons about the “future” to humans who are not yet aware of our generation’s influence on our future generations.

The movie Avatar is a science fiction film based on such perspective. Through the huge amount of money

of snowfalls for the day, Daegu residents were unprepared for the sudden blizzard. Traditional market tents caved in, flights were cancelled, traffic was disrupted and many schools were either closed or delayed.

and the long period of time invested for the production process, the film wants to give us a "message." This may be the very reason why we should pay attention to this movie once again.

The setting of the film is our near future. Human beings plan to mine resources in an alien planet, Pandora, which is expected to solve the problem of energy depletion on Earth. However, the planet is far away and no one has been able to acquire the resources directly there because the atmosphere of Pandora is fatal to humans. However, since many biotechnologies have already been developed, humans create a new and remote-controlled living creature called "avatar.” These avatars, with the human capability of thought injected into the bodies of Pandora's indigenous tribes “Na'vi,” can move around for humans.

A former Marine soldier, Jake Sully (Sam Worthington), is proposed to participate in a project that uses such an avatar and heads to a base in Pandora, where the humans are stationed. Even though Jake’s lower body is paralyzed and cannot move even a little bit, he can walk freely with his avatar in

South Korea is not the only country struck by unusual weather, rather the whole world is flustered by this unprecedented onslaught of unpredictable weather. Europe has suffered from the harshest winter this year. Last February, in Val d’Aosta, a famous tourist attraction in the northwest region of Italy, travelers were thrown into chaos. The city recorded its lowest temperatures ever at minus 34.9 Celsius leaving travelers stranded at the airport.

The snow also gripped the United Kingdom. The UK mostly reported subzero temperatures this winter with snow blanketing everything, creating a winter wonderland. Numerous flights couldn’t leave the airport and trains were grounded to a halt. The police even warned people not to operate vehicles on certain roads.

Pandora. He soon gets the order of infiltrating the “Na'vi,” because they try to prevent the humans from exploiting their resources. This is the starting point of the conflict between the purpose of humanity and the value of indigenous people. In the meantime, Jake meets the Na'vi woman, Neytiri (Joe Saldana), and experiences a variety of adventures with her. Naturally, he falls in love with Neytiri and becomes sympathetic to the Na'vi and assimilated to their society. Finally they face a war, which will determine the fate of Pandora, the earth, and even the entire universe. Jake experiences the inner conflict between “the interests of human planet” and “affection for the Na'vi and a loving woman.”

What message is the movie trying to throw at us through this contextual setting where conflicts of the people in the film are revealed one by one. In other movies, the aliens from an unfamiliar planet or an unknown world are usually expressed as evil beings that try to harm the humans. However, the Na'vi tribe in Avatar is portrayed as being more “humanistic” than

Strong winds and heavy snow also raised the death toll across Europe. In Germany, a 38-year old man was found dead on a frozen river, while a 75-year old Dutch man fell through the ice while skating and could not be rescued. Weather related deaths also took place in Denmark, where a 54-year old man who was suffering from dementia was found dead in the snow.

However, these freezing temperatures were not unique to Europe. In Canada, at least 9 people were killed by this freezing cold. Most of them were found frozen to death as the temperature plummeted to minus 21-50 Celsius. Most of the equipment had been frozen, and countless people could not even move out of their own place.

In January, a shocking event took place. Snow fell in one of the hottest places on the planet, the

human beings. In comparison, human beings are represented as relatively sharper and selfish beings trying to invade other areas for securing their resources. From this point of view, Avatar provides a precious opportunity for us to reflect on ourselves living in the modern society where cutting-edge technology is pervasive. In the end, Jake, a character representing ”humanity” in the film, gives up his identity as a human and instead chooses to live as an alien on a distant planet. His behavior makes us think about a new way of ”harmony” on the level of the universe, above the earthly or global level, which we humans should seek in the future.

The fantastic scenery produced with high-level graphics technology, the creative storyline, and wonderful production of the movie makes us wonder how this movie could have been produced in 2009. An incredible sequel to Avatar will reportedly be released in 2018. As many people have been impressed with the movie Avatar, they are also looking forward to the sequel.

Sahara Desert. As the inhabitants awoke, over 40cm of snow had piled up. This rare event has taken place three times, and it has continuously occurred every year since 2016.

On the other hand, Sydney, Australia, recorded its highest temperature of 47.3 Celsius since 1939. Therefore, a fire ban had been issued for bushfires that could potentially kill hundreds of people in this sizzling weather.

A warning or lesson about the “future” of humansBy Wonhee Ro

04 • Monday, April 9, 2018 Entertainment News

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In August 1996, Cameron announced that after completing Titanic, he would film Avatar, which would make use of synthetic, or computer-generated, actors. After the preparation of around 10 years, Avatar was internationally released on December 16, 2009, and in the United States and Canada on December 18, to positive critical reviews.