stepping stones on the path to interplanetary internetworking” part presentation for... · the...
TRANSCRIPT
"STEPPING STONES ON THE PATH TO
INTERPLANETARY INTERNETWORKING”
IND Staff MeetingIND Staff Meeting24 June 200324 June 2003Adrian J. HookeAdrian J. Hooke
OUTLINEOUTLINE
• Where we’ve come from: CCSDS space links
• Where we are now:– Delay Intolerant Networking (the IP suite)– The first Delay Tolerant Application (CFDP)
• Where we are going:– Delay Tolerant Networking (Bundles)
• MTO possibilities
CCSDS Recommendation for Advanced Orbiting Systems
Baselined by Space
Station and Ground Network
1970 1980 1990 2000
International Space StationExtension ofStandards forMore ComplexSpace Missions
}Extension of the
Terrestrial Internetinto Space
NASA Telemetry Standardization
NASA/ESAWorking Group
“Packet” Spacecraft Telemetry and Telecommand
NASA/DOD/CCSDS Space Communications Protocol Standards (CCSDS-SCPS) Project
TheDarkAge
OfGOSIP
File Transfer: FTAM
Transport: TP4
Network: ISO 8473
File Transfer: FTP
Transport: TCP
Network: IP
02 January, 1996STRV-1b IP address:192.48.114.156Basic Space/Ground
CommunicationsStandards forSpace Missions
} Consultative Committee for Space Data Systems (CCSDS)
International Space Data Standardization Thrusts
Cross SupportServices
SpacecraftOnboardInterfaceServices
SpaceInternetworking
Services
SpaceLink
Services
Mission Operationsand Information
Management Services Commodity Communications &
Navigation Systems
Current CCSDS Protocol ScenarioSurfaceDeep Space BackboneEarth
Orbiter
Free Flyer
CCSDS Packet
CCSDS Proximity Linkand Coding
CCSDS UHF;local wired/
wireless
CCSDSUHF
CCSDSS, X, Ka Band
LocalTerrestrial
Wired
LocalTerrestrial
Link
IP
IPSEC
TCP, UDP
CCSDS Space LinkExtension (SLE)
CCSDS Long-haul Link
CCSDS Long-Haul Link and Coding
OUTLINEOUTLINE
• Where we’ve come from: CCSDS space links
• Where we are now:– Delay Intolerant Networking (the IP suite)– The first Delay Tolerant Application (CFDP)
• Where we are going:– Delay Tolerant Networking (Bundles)
• MTO possibilities
Current CCSDS Space Internet Protocol Stack
1Physical
2Link
3Network
4Transport
7ApplicationServices
SpaceApplications
Modulation
Proximity 1 SpaceData Link Protocol
IPSecSCPS-SP Security Protocol
FTP,SCPS-FP
TCP/UDPSCPS-TP
CFDP
Radio Frequency
bTM Space DataLink Protocol
Reed-SolomonCoding BCH CodingConvolutional
CodingTurbo
CodingTLM Frame
Sync.CLTU and
PLOPs
OnboardPHY
SCPS-NP SpaceNetwork Protocol
Internet Protocol(IPv4, IPv6)
On-boardLLC
On-board
converg-ence
Lossless DataCompression
Applications: Spacecraft Instruments and Subsystems
Space DataLink SecurityMechanisms
COP 1TC Space DataLink Protocol
AOS Space DataLink Protocol
Space PacketProtocol
TimeConstrainedApplications
LinkARQ
LinkARQ
Delay IntolerantNetworking
NetworkIP
NetworkIP
Phys 1
Link 1 Link 1
Phys 1 Phys 2
Link 2
The Internet: a Network of Connected Sub-Networks
Phys 2
Link 2
Phys 3
Link 3
App
App
App App
App
App
NetworkIP
TransportTCP
NetworkIP
TransportTCP
Phys 3
Link 3
Subnet 1 Subnet 2 Subnet 3
Internet-in-Space Architectural Alternatives:1. End-to-End Operation
An Internet An Internet
An Internet
ES
ES
ES
ES
ES
ESES
ES
ES
ES
ES
ES
ES
ESES
ES = End System
ES
Distinguishing features• End-to-end protocol operation at IP
and above (Application and Transport connections run end-to-end)
• Each transport (TCP) endpoint must be tuned to maximize performance and utilization over satellite link
Internet-in-Space Architectural Alternatives:2. Proxy-Based Operation
An Internet An Internet
An Internet
ES
ES
ES
ES
ES
ESES
ES
ES
ES
ES
ES
ESES
ESES
GW“ProxySpace”
ES = End SystemGW = Transport Layer Gateway (Proxy)
GW
Distinguishing features• Dual-gateway (proxy) configuration• End System transport connections do not cross
the satellite/wireless link so End Systems do not have to be satellite/wireless aware (e.g., can be unmodified COTS, simplifying deployment)
• Security above transport or via trusted gateways
Current CCSDS Space Internet Protocol Options
SCPSSCPS--NPNP IPIP
Space Link Subnet: CCSDS Data LinkSpace Link Subnet: CCSDS Data Link
SCPSSCPS--SPSP
Other AppsOther Apps
IPSecIPSec
UDPUDPTCPTCPSC
PSSC
PS-- F
PFPTCP
OptionsTCPTCP
OptionsOptions
FTPFTPFTPFeatures
FTPFTPFeaturesFeaturesSpace extensions
to the Socket Interface
Common Network-Layer Interface
SCPS-TP “TCP Tranquility”options
Congestion control appropriate formixed-loss environments (congestion, corruption, outage);Selective negative acknowledgment;Robust header compression;Partial Reliability service (BETS);Delimitation of record boundaries;RFC 1323: Window scaling, timestamps, sequence number extension
Authentication: guarantee of the identity of a source;Access Control: prevention of unauthorized access;Integrity: protection against modification;Confidentiality: protection from disclosure.
Provides both connectionless and managed-connection routing;Supports precedence (priority) based handling;Offer multiple routing options;Signals errors to the layer above;Supports packet lifetime control;Scalable - tailor capability to need, e.g., highcommunications efficiency in constrainedbandwidth conditions.
File & record Integrity;Record read & record update;
Automatic restart;User suspend/resume;Suppress ASCII reply codes.
The CCSDS protocol suite supports either “native” or “space enhanced” Internet services,at the discretion of the Project organization
Space-optimizedIP variant
Space-optimizedIPSec variant
Space extensions to FTP
SCPS RI Distribution by Date
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004
Calendar Year
Copi
es
SCPS Reference Software
DISA Teleport System
SCPS RI Distribution by Sector
Government20%
Academia15%
Industry65%
Security
Link Bandwidth Allocation
MobileIP
ResourceReservation
Link Bandwidth Allocation:Develop new techniques, specifications and prototype software for rapid, adaptiveand automated reconfiguration of space/ground and space/space data link transmission capacity
Resource ReservationDevelop techniques and prototype softwarefor spacecraft-to-PI communications byenabling end-to-end resource reservationacross multiple providers
IP Mobility for Spacecraft: Show viability of Spacecraft-to-PI Mobile IP and develop "proxy registration" capabilityin ground stations
Security:Standardize space community cryptographic key exchange and key management and enhance the SCPS gateways to providea robust end-to-end security capability using both IPSec and SCPS-SP
New CCSDS “Experimental” Track: Next Generation Space Internet (NGSI)
(including Security, MobileIP, RSVP)
NGSI Protocol Extensions
SCPSSCPS--NPNP
LinkLink
SCPSSCPS--SPSP
Other AppsOther Apps
IPSecIPSec
UDPUDPTCPTCP
SCPS
SCPS
-- FPFP
TCPOptions
TCPTCPOptionsOptions
FTPFTPFTPFeatures
FTPFTPFeaturesFeatures
Bandwidth ManagementBandwidth Management
MobileIPMobileIPHA/FA: encapsulationand decapsulation
Signaling between Security Gateways
Signaling between Home/Foreign Agents
End-to-End Signaling (Router Actions)
IPIP
Support for Requirements Signaling
Key Mgmt.Key Mgmt. MobileIPMobileIP BW Mgmt.BW Mgmt.
PrincipalInvestigator
Ground Station(Foreign Agent)
PrincipalInvestigator
Data delivery begins at time t+n
Registration Exchangesbegin at time t
Data delivery begins at time t
Home AgentHome Agent
Protocol Overhead
Data Delivery
Tunnel
Open MobileIP Extensions for Space
Ground Station(Foreign Agent)
“Standard” MobileIP MobileIP with open NGSI Extensions
Next Generation Space Internet Protocol Stack
1Physical
2Link
3Network
4Transport
7ApplicationServices
SpaceApplications
Modulation
Proximity 1 SpaceData Link Protocol
IPSecSCPS-SP Security Protocol
FTP,SCPS-FP
TCP/UDPSCPS-TP
CFDP
Radio Frequency
bTM Space DataLink Protocol
Reed-SolomonCoding BCH CodingConvolutional
CodingTurbo
CodingTLM Frame
Sync.CLTU and
PLOPs
OnboardPHY
SCPS-NP SpaceNetwork Protocol
Internet Protocol(IPv4, IPv6)
On-boardLLC
On-board
converg-ence
Lossless DataCompression
Applications: Spacecraft Instruments and Subsystems
Space DataLink SecurityMechanisms
COP 1TC Space DataLink Protocol
AOS Space DataLink Protocol
Space PacketProtocol
TimeConstrainedApplications
LinkARQ
LinkARQ
MobileIP
KeyMgmtRSVP
LinkMgmt
NGSI
Current CCSDS Space Internet Protocol Stack
1Physical
2Link
3Network
4Transport
7ApplicationServices
SpaceApplications
Modulation
Proximity 1 SpaceData Link Protocol
IPSecSCPS-SP Security Protocol
FTP,SCPS-FP
TCP/UDPSCPS-TP
CFDP
Radio Frequency
bTM Space DataLink Protocol
Reed-SolomonCoding BCH CodingConvolutional
CodingTurbo
CodingTLM Frame
Sync.CLTU and
PLOPs
OnboardPHY
SCPS-NP SpaceNetwork Protocol
Internet Protocol(IPv4, IPv6)
On-boardLLC
On-board
converg-ence
Lossless DataCompression
Applications: Spacecraft Instruments and Subsystems
Space DataLink SecurityMechanisms
COP 1TC Space DataLink Protocol
AOS Space DataLink Protocol
Space PacketProtocol MobileIP
KeyMgmtRSVP
LinkMgmt
TimeConstrainedApplications
LinkARQ
LinkARQ
Delay TolerantApplications
CFDP Operations Scenarios
2. point-to-point,acknowledged
Build 1 CFDP
1. point-to-point, unacknowledged 3. multi-hop, in series
Build 2 CFDP
Frame/CLTU
Service
GroundStation
Frame/CLTU
Service
GroundStation
CFDP Service
Packet Service
X
Network
Control
Center
CFDP Service
Packet Service
Frame Service
XRover
LanderCFDP
ServiceService
ServicePacket
Frame
X
CFDP Ser
vice
Packe
t Ser
vice
Fram
e Ser
vice
Orbite
rX
Frame Service
OrbiterX
CFDP Service
Packet Service
4. multi-hop, in parallel - without cross-links
Build 3 CFDP
Currently indeployment (AlSat1,DI, JWST, MRO, etc)
CCSDS Space Link
(no routing orcustody transfer)
CFDP File operations
CFDP point-to-point reliability(PDU ack & retransmit)
APPLICATION
Core Procedures
UT layer
Userapplication
CFDP Build 1 CFDP Build 1 –– Blue Book 1 Blue Book 1 -- Spring 2002Spring 2002
It supports:• the user applicationAnd consists of:• file handling mechanisms
+
• point-to-point reliability mechanisms
It draws upon:• underlying space link unit
data transfer services
CCSDS File Delivery Protocol is an internationally standardized mechanism to deliver files of space mission data end-to-end through a space network via a series of store-and-forward hops, using custody transfer techniquesCFDP “Build 1” provides non-routed, non-custodial delivery through a single hop.
CFDP Build 2 – Blue Book 2 - Autumn 2002Supports Scenario 3 (multi-hop, serial transfer) using either - or both - of two mechanisms:
SFO routing & custody transfer
CCSDS Space Link
(no routing orcustody transfer)
CFDP File operations
CFDP point-to-point reliability(PDU ack & retransmit)
APPLICATION
• A Store-and-Forward Overlay (SFO) that uses unmodified Build 1 and is not part of CFDP. This application code provides multi-hop routing and custody transfer services
CCSDS Space Link
CFDP File operations
CFDP point-to-point reliability(PDU ack & retransmit)
APPLICATION
CFDPExtended Procedures:
routing & custody transfer
(SFO routing & custody transfer)
• Additional “Extended Procedures” that are part of CFDP and which provide multi-hop routing and custody transfer services. These can optionally also be augmented by the SFO for added flexibility
BlueBook 2
additions
CCSDS Space Link
CFDP File operations
CFDP point-to-point reliability(PDU ack & retransmit)
CFDP Extended Procedures:routing & custody transfer
request 1request 2indication 1indication 2
transmitted dataproduct 1
segmentation reconstitution(SFO routing & custody transfer)
received data product 1
User ApplicationUser Application
Data Product Manager(DPM) Overlay
As an interim measure to support “Mars Network” operations, Scenario 4 (multi-hop, parallel transfer) can also be supported by an additional “Data Product Manager” application overlay. The DPM segments user products into pieces that are small enough to transfer as independent CFDP files during a single contact, and passes state to the receiving end to enable their reconstitution.
“CFDP-Era” (2005+) CCSDS Protocol Scenario
CCSDS File Delivery Protocol (CFDP)
SurfaceDeep Space BackboneEarthOrbiterFree Flyer
Constellation
CCSDS Packet
CCSDS File Delivery Protocol (CFDP)
CCSDS Proximity Linkand Coding
CCSDS UHF;local wired/
wireless
CCSDSUHF
CCSDSS, X, Ka Band
LocalTerrestrial
Wired
LocalTerrestrial
Link
IP
IPSEC
TCP, UDP
CCSDS Space LinkExtension (SLE)
CCSDS Long-haul Link
CCSDS Long-Haul Link and Coding
CCSDS DataProduct Manager
SFOCCSDS DataProduct Manager
SFO CCSDS DataProduct Manager
SFOCCSDS DataProduct Manager
SFO
CCSDS Link +Physical Security
IP, CCSDS NP
(TCP, UDP)
CCSDS NP
There’s a lot of hair starting to grow in the Application layer………
CCSDS File Delivery Protocol (CFDP)
CCSDS Packet
CCSDS File Delivery Protocol (CFDP)
CCSDS DataProduct Manager
SFOCCSDS DataProduct Manager
SFO CCSDS DataProduct Manager
SFOCCSDS DataProduct Manager
SFO
Segmentation and Reassembly
Custody Transfer File Manipulation
End-to-End Reliability
End-to-End Routing