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One Corps, One Regiment, One Team
Rock CutRock Cut--Slope Slope Design and ConstructionDesign and ConstructionGrundy Redevelopment Grundy Redevelopment Site ESite E
Steve Spagna – Project Geologist
One Corps, One Regiment, One Team
• Redevelopment site• Area B Ringwall – including
levee construction and US 460 upgrade by VDOT
• Relocation of public facilities, including Norfolk Southern Railroad
• Total project cost - $100 M • Local sponsors - Town of
Grundy and VDOT
Grundy Local Protection ProjectGrundy Local Protection Project
Project Description
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Phases of Construction
Before After
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Grundy, VA
Project LocationHuntington District
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Site E
N
Site Location
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Flood of Record (100 year event) – April 1977- Devastated Town, causing deaths and millions in damages.
Section 202 of the Energy and Water Development Appropriations Act of 1981 provided specific authorization for the development of flood protection measures at Grundy.
Summary and Authorization
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Riverside Drive1977 Flood
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1977 Flood
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Flood Damages and Clean-up Efforts
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PCAGrundy VDOT
Corps
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Tri-party Partnership
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Redevelopment Site E
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• 3 million CY Excavation
• Development of Wellmore Hollow Spoil Site
• Relocation of the Norfolk Southern Railroad
Redevelopment Site Main Project Features
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Site E During Construction
Site E
Haul road
Wellmore Hollow
Grundy CBD
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Wellmore Hollow During Construction
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Haul Road Connecting Site E
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Relocation of Norfolk Southern Railroad
Original Alignment
New Alignment
95m
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Cutslope Design
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Design Considerations
• Bedrock Characteristics
• Joint Analysis
• Rock Fall Hazards
• Desires of Cost Share Sponsors and Project Stakeholders
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Bedrock Characteristics•Slope of the Excavated Bedrock
•Location and Width of Benches
•Effects of Differential Weathering
DESIGNED CUT SLOPE
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Bedrock Characteristics cont…
• Bench Slope or Gradient
Geologic Profile
2+00 3+00 4+00 5+00 6+00 7+00 8+00300
380
360
340
320
460
440
420
400
300
380
360
340
320
460
440
420
400
Upper Shale Member
Interbedded Member
McClure Sandstone Member
Interbedded Sandstone Member
Lower Shale MemberLower Sandstone Member
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Design Considerations
• Bedrock Characteristics
• Joint Analysis
• Rock Fall Hazards
• Cost Share and Stakeholder Partnerships
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Grundy Joint Analysis
• Planar• Wedge• Toppling
3 Anticipated Modes of Failure
• Joint measurements were obtained by measuring joint orientations in outcrops along the Norfolk Southern Railroad
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Planar Failure Wedge Failure
• Modes of failure were determined by stereographic analysis utilizing software developed by Roc Science.
Modes of FailureGrundy Local Protection ProjectGrundy Local Protection Project
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Site E Structural Failure Prediction
Redevelopment Site – Grundy, VA
Area of potential wedge type failure
Area of potential planar type failure
Area of potential planar and toppling type failure
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Design Considerations
• Bedrock Characteristics
• Joint Analysis
• Rock Fall Hazards
• Cost Share and Stakeholder Partnerships
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Rock Fall Hazard Analysis – Site EGrundy Local Protection ProjectGrundy Local Protection Project
• Lateral migration was modeled using software developed by RocScience
• A 9.14m rock catchmentditch was designed at the base of the cut to prevent boulders from obstructing the NS railroad
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Rock Fall Hazard Analysis – Wellmore Hollow
• Model of Spoil Site Slope • Designed Catchment Area
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Design Considerations
• Bedrock Characteristics
• Joint Analysis
• Rock Fall Hazards
• Cost Share and Stakeholder Partnerships
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Construction Challenges
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• March 2002 Landslide
• April 2002 Flyrock Incident
• Change Conditions
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Significant Events
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March 2002 Landslide
0.41"0.07"1.72"0.86"0.44"Average
0.21"0.07"2.18"0.74"0.41"Davenport
0.49"0.12"2.02"0.78"0.42"Haysi
0.45"0.09"1.49"1.03"0.44"Big Rock
0.23"0.06"1.22"0.61"0.42"Pilgrim Knob
0.66"0.02"1.71"1.16"0.50"Bartlick
March 19-20March 18-19March 17-18March 16-17March 15-16Gage
Area Rain Gage Data
• Displaced approximately 150’ of NS railroad
• Toe of slide extended approximately 30’ into the LevisaFork River
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Grundy, Virginia March 19, 2002
March 2002 Landslide
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Contractor works to remove material. Trucks haul from both directions.
Approximate originaltrack alignment.
Toe of slide extending out into the Levisa Fork river
March 2002 Landslide
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Landslide Repair
◆ District staff worked with Norfolk Southern to remediate slide
◆ Failed materials excavated; Stone buttress constructed; track repaired
◆ Completed within a week
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• March 2002 Landslide
• April 2002 Flyrock Incident
• Change Conditions
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Significant Events
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Grundy – Blast #367
Fly Rock Limits
Blast #367
Shot #367• Production Shot
• Row by row pattern
• 70 - 5” Blastholes
•Spacing and Burden – 9’
• Depth – 22’
• Pre-packaged ANFO
•Crushed Limestone stemming
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April 2002 Flyrock Incident
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April 2002 Flyrock Incident
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April 2002 Flyrock Incident
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• Loading of blastholes• Location of blastholes relative to free face• Amount of explosives used• Placement of stemming
Possible Causes
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Interior - Downtown Law Office
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Corrective Actions
◆ District consulted with Dr. Calvin Konya◆ Developed Corrective Action Plans in
accordance with Dr. Konya◆ 100% government QA on every blast;
Consultant blasting specialist now on site for each blast
◆ Dr. Konya consulted as needed◆ Future work (upstream area) to be directed by
Konya
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• March 2002 Landslide
• April 2002 Flyrock Incident
• Change Conditions
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Significant Events
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8+52
6+25
5+50
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• 5+50 – 6+25 -Weathered with signs of planar instability
• 6+25 – 8+52 - Zone of highly weathered material
Change Conditions - Overview
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• 7 angled air borings
• 7 angled core borings
• 4 vertical core borings
FY 02 and FY 03 Core Drilling
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• High angle joints in Lower Shale Unit (trending parallel to cutslope) causing planar failures
5+50 – 6+25
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• SDI testing (results > 95) indicates durable material
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Grundy Local Protection ProjectGrundy Local Protection Project6+25 – 8+52
Highly weathered brown shale from El. 333 to El. 353
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Design Options
• Revise Cutslope Design
• Develop Mechanical Stabilization Design
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Revised Cutslope Alternative Perceived Problems
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• Large Estimated Volume (350,000 CM)
• CWL needs to be revised
• Real estate and NEPA documents need to be revised.
• More costly than mechanical stabilization
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Mechanical Stabilization AlternativePerceived Benefits
• Limited excavation
• Less expensive than laying slopes back
• Able to avoid problems with spoil site capacity, real estate, NEPA, and expanding CWL
• Initially supported by stakeholders
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District Hires FMSM
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Soil Nail Wall Design
RDZ Line
Original GroundPassive Rock Anchors
Design Features
• Internal and external drainage
• Encapsulated nails
• 6” thick shotcrete facing
Typical Section
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Problems with theMechanical Stabilization Design
• Project team concerned with design life and long-term maintenance
• Town of Grundy concerned with aesthetics
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• District and FMSM Develop Revised Cutslope Design
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• Congressman Boucher requests District develop the excavation alternative to full level of detail
Congressional Interest
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Revised Cutslope Alternative Sta 6+25 – 8+52
Original Cut (77,600 CM)
Revised Cut (236,500 CM)
RDZ
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5+50 – 6+25
July 29, 2003
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July 29, 2003
6+25 – 8+52 Grundy Local Protection ProjectGrundy Local Protection Project