stored - product insects: “integrated pest management – a researcher’s view” david weaver...
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: STORED - PRODUCT INSECTS: “INTEGRATED PEST MANAGEMENT – A RESEARCHER’S VIEW” David Weaver DEPARTMENT OF ENTOMOLOGY MONTANA STATE UNIVERSITY BOZEMAN, MT](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062719/56649ed25503460f94be1e65/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
STORED - PRODUCT INSECTS:
“INTEGRATED PEST MANAGEMENT – A RESEARCHER’S VIEW”
David Weaver
DEPARTMENT OF ENTOMOLOGY
MONTANA STATE UNIVERSITY
BOZEMAN, MT
![Page 2: STORED - PRODUCT INSECTS: “INTEGRATED PEST MANAGEMENT – A RESEARCHER’S VIEW” David Weaver DEPARTMENT OF ENTOMOLOGY MONTANA STATE UNIVERSITY BOZEMAN, MT](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062719/56649ed25503460f94be1e65/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
“INTEGRATED PEST MANAGEMENT – A RESEARCHER’S VIEW”
View IPM as the best possible management strategy, with the realization that at this time it is not used in most stored-product situations.
Specialty and organic markets have some degree of IPM.
![Page 3: STORED - PRODUCT INSECTS: “INTEGRATED PEST MANAGEMENT – A RESEARCHER’S VIEW” David Weaver DEPARTMENT OF ENTOMOLOGY MONTANA STATE UNIVERSITY BOZEMAN, MT](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062719/56649ed25503460f94be1e65/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
STORAGE PESTS AND DAMAGE
![Page 4: STORED - PRODUCT INSECTS: “INTEGRATED PEST MANAGEMENT – A RESEARCHER’S VIEW” David Weaver DEPARTMENT OF ENTOMOLOGY MONTANA STATE UNIVERSITY BOZEMAN, MT](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062719/56649ed25503460f94be1e65/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
INSECTS CAN FIND FOOD!!
![Page 5: STORED - PRODUCT INSECTS: “INTEGRATED PEST MANAGEMENT – A RESEARCHER’S VIEW” David Weaver DEPARTMENT OF ENTOMOLOGY MONTANA STATE UNIVERSITY BOZEMAN, MT](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062719/56649ed25503460f94be1e65/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
HEAVILY-DAMAGED WHEAT:
HOW TO PREVENT THIS?
![Page 6: STORED - PRODUCT INSECTS: “INTEGRATED PEST MANAGEMENT – A RESEARCHER’S VIEW” David Weaver DEPARTMENT OF ENTOMOLOGY MONTANA STATE UNIVERSITY BOZEMAN, MT](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062719/56649ed25503460f94be1e65/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
What is IPM exactly?
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
Week1
Week2
Week3
Week4
Week5
Pests
EIL
ET
![Page 7: STORED - PRODUCT INSECTS: “INTEGRATED PEST MANAGEMENT – A RESEARCHER’S VIEW” David Weaver DEPARTMENT OF ENTOMOLOGY MONTANA STATE UNIVERSITY BOZEMAN, MT](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062719/56649ed25503460f94be1e65/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
MONTANA BULK GRAIN EXAMPLE
Low insect numbers
Penalty for presence of live insects
IDK rare
*Similar to low insect tolerances in processing and warehouses
![Page 8: STORED - PRODUCT INSECTS: “INTEGRATED PEST MANAGEMENT – A RESEARCHER’S VIEW” David Weaver DEPARTMENT OF ENTOMOLOGY MONTANA STATE UNIVERSITY BOZEMAN, MT](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062719/56649ed25503460f94be1e65/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
OUR STORAGE SYSTEM
![Page 9: STORED - PRODUCT INSECTS: “INTEGRATED PEST MANAGEMENT – A RESEARCHER’S VIEW” David Weaver DEPARTMENT OF ENTOMOLOGY MONTANA STATE UNIVERSITY BOZEMAN, MT](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062719/56649ed25503460f94be1e65/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
SECONDARY PEST – MOST COMMON INSECT IN MONTANA
GRAIN
![Page 10: STORED - PRODUCT INSECTS: “INTEGRATED PEST MANAGEMENT – A RESEARCHER’S VIEW” David Weaver DEPARTMENT OF ENTOMOLOGY MONTANA STATE UNIVERSITY BOZEMAN, MT](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062719/56649ed25503460f94be1e65/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
NEWLY-FILLED BINS CONTAIN A WARM, CONCENTRATED SUPPLY
OF FOOD
![Page 11: STORED - PRODUCT INSECTS: “INTEGRATED PEST MANAGEMENT – A RESEARCHER’S VIEW” David Weaver DEPARTMENT OF ENTOMOLOGY MONTANA STATE UNIVERSITY BOZEMAN, MT](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062719/56649ed25503460f94be1e65/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
FIRST STEP
SANITATION
SPILLED GRAIN, OR GRAIN RESIDUE
AS LITTLE AS ½ CUP CAN BE A SOURCE OF PROBLEMS,
QUICKLY!
![Page 12: STORED - PRODUCT INSECTS: “INTEGRATED PEST MANAGEMENT – A RESEARCHER’S VIEW” David Weaver DEPARTMENT OF ENTOMOLOGY MONTANA STATE UNIVERSITY BOZEMAN, MT](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062719/56649ed25503460f94be1e65/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
CLEAN THE EMPTY BIN WELL
![Page 13: STORED - PRODUCT INSECTS: “INTEGRATED PEST MANAGEMENT – A RESEARCHER’S VIEW” David Weaver DEPARTMENT OF ENTOMOLOGY MONTANA STATE UNIVERSITY BOZEMAN, MT](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062719/56649ed25503460f94be1e65/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
CLEAN UP
1. AUGUR
2. TRUCK
3. SPILLS
4. COMBINE
5. FEED AREA
![Page 14: STORED - PRODUCT INSECTS: “INTEGRATED PEST MANAGEMENT – A RESEARCHER’S VIEW” David Weaver DEPARTMENT OF ENTOMOLOGY MONTANA STATE UNIVERSITY BOZEMAN, MT](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062719/56649ed25503460f94be1e65/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
SECOND STEP
COMMODITY PROTECTION
ENSURE THAT GRAIN IS STORED AT 12% MOISTURE
CONTENT OR LESS
TREAT WITH CHEMICAL OR D.E. PROTECTANT
![Page 15: STORED - PRODUCT INSECTS: “INTEGRATED PEST MANAGEMENT – A RESEARCHER’S VIEW” David Weaver DEPARTMENT OF ENTOMOLOGY MONTANA STATE UNIVERSITY BOZEMAN, MT](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062719/56649ed25503460f94be1e65/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
CONVENTIONAL PROTECTANT
![Page 16: STORED - PRODUCT INSECTS: “INTEGRATED PEST MANAGEMENT – A RESEARCHER’S VIEW” David Weaver DEPARTMENT OF ENTOMOLOGY MONTANA STATE UNIVERSITY BOZEMAN, MT](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062719/56649ed25503460f94be1e65/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
EXAMPLE OF A D. E. PRODUCT
![Page 17: STORED - PRODUCT INSECTS: “INTEGRATED PEST MANAGEMENT – A RESEARCHER’S VIEW” David Weaver DEPARTMENT OF ENTOMOLOGY MONTANA STATE UNIVERSITY BOZEMAN, MT](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062719/56649ed25503460f94be1e65/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
EMPTY BIN ONLY!!
![Page 18: STORED - PRODUCT INSECTS: “INTEGRATED PEST MANAGEMENT – A RESEARCHER’S VIEW” David Weaver DEPARTMENT OF ENTOMOLOGY MONTANA STATE UNIVERSITY BOZEMAN, MT](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062719/56649ed25503460f94be1e65/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
THINGS TO AVOID!!
OVERFILLING THE BIN!!!
*MONITORING AND SAMPLING IS DIFFICULT IF BIN IS COMPLETELY
FILLED
![Page 19: STORED - PRODUCT INSECTS: “INTEGRATED PEST MANAGEMENT – A RESEARCHER’S VIEW” David Weaver DEPARTMENT OF ENTOMOLOGY MONTANA STATE UNIVERSITY BOZEMAN, MT](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062719/56649ed25503460f94be1e65/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
LEVEL THE GRAIN
1. ALLOWS FOR WORKER MOVEMENT
2. ALLOWS FOR MONITORING
3. ALLOWS FOR AIR EXCHANGE
![Page 20: STORED - PRODUCT INSECTS: “INTEGRATED PEST MANAGEMENT – A RESEARCHER’S VIEW” David Weaver DEPARTMENT OF ENTOMOLOGY MONTANA STATE UNIVERSITY BOZEMAN, MT](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062719/56649ed25503460f94be1e65/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
MONITORING PEST POPULATIONS
Essential component of IPMAllows for measurement of effectiveness
If economic threshold is exceeded,Intervention (fumigation) is required
![Page 21: STORED - PRODUCT INSECTS: “INTEGRATED PEST MANAGEMENT – A RESEARCHER’S VIEW” David Weaver DEPARTMENT OF ENTOMOLOGY MONTANA STATE UNIVERSITY BOZEMAN, MT](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062719/56649ed25503460f94be1e65/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
GRAIN PROBE TRAPS FOR MONITORING
Apparatus used
![Page 22: STORED - PRODUCT INSECTS: “INTEGRATED PEST MANAGEMENT – A RESEARCHER’S VIEW” David Weaver DEPARTMENT OF ENTOMOLOGY MONTANA STATE UNIVERSITY BOZEMAN, MT](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062719/56649ed25503460f94be1e65/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
PROBE TRAPS FOR MONITORING
![Page 23: STORED - PRODUCT INSECTS: “INTEGRATED PEST MANAGEMENT – A RESEARCHER’S VIEW” David Weaver DEPARTMENT OF ENTOMOLOGY MONTANA STATE UNIVERSITY BOZEMAN, MT](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062719/56649ed25503460f94be1e65/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
INSERTING GRAIN PROBE
WITH ROOM TO MOVE
![Page 24: STORED - PRODUCT INSECTS: “INTEGRATED PEST MANAGEMENT – A RESEARCHER’S VIEW” David Weaver DEPARTMENT OF ENTOMOLOGY MONTANA STATE UNIVERSITY BOZEMAN, MT](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062719/56649ed25503460f94be1e65/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
THIRD STEP
TEMPERATURE CONTROL
USE AUTOMATIC AERATION TO
COOL GRAIN RAPIDLY
PREVENTS INSECT REPRODUCTION
*REDUCES COSTS BY LOWERING PROBABILITY OF “PRESENCE”
PENALTY
![Page 25: STORED - PRODUCT INSECTS: “INTEGRATED PEST MANAGEMENT – A RESEARCHER’S VIEW” David Weaver DEPARTMENT OF ENTOMOLOGY MONTANA STATE UNIVERSITY BOZEMAN, MT](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062719/56649ed25503460f94be1e65/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
AERATION STUDY
![Page 26: STORED - PRODUCT INSECTS: “INTEGRATED PEST MANAGEMENT – A RESEARCHER’S VIEW” David Weaver DEPARTMENT OF ENTOMOLOGY MONTANA STATE UNIVERSITY BOZEMAN, MT](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062719/56649ed25503460f94be1e65/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Diagram showing trap locations.
![Page 27: STORED - PRODUCT INSECTS: “INTEGRATED PEST MANAGEMENT – A RESEARCHER’S VIEW” David Weaver DEPARTMENT OF ENTOMOLOGY MONTANA STATE UNIVERSITY BOZEMAN, MT](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062719/56649ed25503460f94be1e65/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
3 H.P. TURBINE FAN – 3000 BUSHELS
![Page 28: STORED - PRODUCT INSECTS: “INTEGRATED PEST MANAGEMENT – A RESEARCHER’S VIEW” David Weaver DEPARTMENT OF ENTOMOLOGY MONTANA STATE UNIVERSITY BOZEMAN, MT](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062719/56649ed25503460f94be1e65/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
AERATION DUCTING
![Page 29: STORED - PRODUCT INSECTS: “INTEGRATED PEST MANAGEMENT – A RESEARCHER’S VIEW” David Weaver DEPARTMENT OF ENTOMOLOGY MONTANA STATE UNIVERSITY BOZEMAN, MT](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062719/56649ed25503460f94be1e65/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
FIXED TEMPERATURE CABLES
![Page 30: STORED - PRODUCT INSECTS: “INTEGRATED PEST MANAGEMENT – A RESEARCHER’S VIEW” David Weaver DEPARTMENT OF ENTOMOLOGY MONTANA STATE UNIVERSITY BOZEMAN, MT](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062719/56649ed25503460f94be1e65/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
SOFTWARE TO MANAGE AERATION
![Page 31: STORED - PRODUCT INSECTS: “INTEGRATED PEST MANAGEMENT – A RESEARCHER’S VIEW” David Weaver DEPARTMENT OF ENTOMOLOGY MONTANA STATE UNIVERSITY BOZEMAN, MT](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062719/56649ed25503460f94be1e65/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
WEATHER STATION FOR AERATION INPUT
![Page 32: STORED - PRODUCT INSECTS: “INTEGRATED PEST MANAGEMENT – A RESEARCHER’S VIEW” David Weaver DEPARTMENT OF ENTOMOLOGY MONTANA STATE UNIVERSITY BOZEMAN, MT](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062719/56649ed25503460f94be1e65/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
AERATION RESULTS FOR TWO YEARS
Moccasin Average Core Grain Temperatures Between August 11 and November 17, 2000
Date
8-Aug 28-Aug 17-Sept 7-Oct 27-Oct 16-Nov
Tem
per
atu
re (
Cel
siu
s)
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
Non-Aerated BinAerated Bin
Moccasin Average Core Grain Temperatures Between September 2 and November 17, 1999
Date
7-Sep 17-Sep 27-Sep 7-Oct 17-Oct 27-Oct 6-Nov 16-Nov
Tem
per
atu
re (
Cel
siu
s)
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
22
24
26
28
Non-Aerated BinAerated Bin
Power Average Core Grain Temperatures Between September 17 and November 17, 1999
Date
17-Sep 27-Sep 7-Oct 17-Oct 27-Oct 6-Nov 16-Nov
Tem
per
atu
re (
Cel
siu
s)
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
Non-Aerated BinAerated Bin
Power Average Core Grain Temperatures Between August 28 and November 17, 2000
Date
28-Aug 17-Sep 7-Oct 27-Oct 16-Nov
Tem
per
atu
re (
Cel
siu
s)
5
10
15
20
25
30
Non-Aerated BinAerated Bin
![Page 33: STORED - PRODUCT INSECTS: “INTEGRATED PEST MANAGEMENT – A RESEARCHER’S VIEW” David Weaver DEPARTMENT OF ENTOMOLOGY MONTANA STATE UNIVERSITY BOZEMAN, MT](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062719/56649ed25503460f94be1e65/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
TRAP SITE CONTROL AERATION NORTH 19 0 SOUTH 36 0 EAST 6 0 WEST 7 0 CENTER 523 1
TOTAL 591 1
TRAP CAPTURES 5/17 – 5/31, 2001Rusty Grain Beetles - Moccasin, MT
![Page 34: STORED - PRODUCT INSECTS: “INTEGRATED PEST MANAGEMENT – A RESEARCHER’S VIEW” David Weaver DEPARTMENT OF ENTOMOLOGY MONTANA STATE UNIVERSITY BOZEMAN, MT](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062719/56649ed25503460f94be1e65/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
RESULTS
1. AERATION WAS EFFECTIVE
2. COSTS $ 0.02/bu.
3. UNAERATED BULK – PENALTY + FUMIGATION $0.10/bu.
*BUT WHY MONITOR?
*CAN’T YOU JUST AERATE?
![Page 35: STORED - PRODUCT INSECTS: “INTEGRATED PEST MANAGEMENT – A RESEARCHER’S VIEW” David Weaver DEPARTMENT OF ENTOMOLOGY MONTANA STATE UNIVERSITY BOZEMAN, MT](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062719/56649ed25503460f94be1e65/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
ANSWER
TO SAVE MONEY!!
IF THE AERATION FAILED, THE GRAIN MIGHT BE REJECTED AT THE ELEVATOR.
THEN, ADDITIONAL COSTS FOR TRUCKING AND FUMIGATION COULD AMOUNT TO
$0.15/bu.
IF AERATION FAILS, ON-SITE FUMIGATION BEFORE REJECTION ONLY COSTS $0.02/bu.
IF AERATION WORKS THERE ARE NO ADDITIONAL COSTS
![Page 36: STORED - PRODUCT INSECTS: “INTEGRATED PEST MANAGEMENT – A RESEARCHER’S VIEW” David Weaver DEPARTMENT OF ENTOMOLOGY MONTANA STATE UNIVERSITY BOZEMAN, MT](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062719/56649ed25503460f94be1e65/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
SUMMARY
IPM is a good idea!!
This simple example shows that although the stored product environment often requires fixed inputs, the basic idea of monitoring to determine when action needs to be taken, and monitoring to evaluate the
effectiveness of given procedures can be cost effective.
These concepts can be further applied to processing and milling facilities.
*More research needs to be conducted on developing and integrating management strategies.