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CASE TEACHING NOTES

“A Strange Fish Indeed: The ‘Discovery’ of a Living Fossil”by 

Robert H. Grant, School for Professional Studies, Saint Louis University

INTRODUCTION / BACKGROUND

T e y w evelope vey oo e he eh o Mjoe Coey-Lme (–) My o . My hope h eve, p, e o he legy o he oo o ee.

Te e y w evelope o e ooy ehm ology oe. I h eg, ol ee geel oo o he e/meho o efi qy he vey o emee o le he emee oo o he op o evolo. Aolly, h e ol e mofie o e me o ppe-level ology oe h hhyology ( pgo o o o efih lege o fih evolo), evoloy ology ( oo o evoloy elohp eweele o ml), o oevo eology ( llo o he e volve yg e ml pee).

Te e ee phoogph well fio y ee epee wh l qoo omMjoe Coey-Lme’ wg o eee he eve og Coey-Lme’ goeg “ovey” o lvg (o-ol) oelh (Latimeria chalumnae ) .

Te e ollow pogeve loe om wh e eevg y ee wo p. PI ompe gle y ey h ee he y o whh Coey-Lme ollee he fioelh peme well ho (Handout I) wh pe o wh he fih wol hve looele whe Coey-Lme fi gh glmpe o ple o h, ewee, fih, poge, ohe fih o he e o he Nee. P II olleo o y ee h hole ommoewee Coey-Lme he ollege ove he oe o he ex moh hl he empo g eo o he ovey. Ae eh o hee wo p, o qeo e le. I

he olg p (P III), e e gve l o wo ol ho (Ho II  III) h e e me o wy o g loe o he e epeg o he o’pl ee (ee “Cloom Mgeme” elow o oe ppoh).

Objectives• o expoe e o e o efi ovey • o oe e o meho o oml efi qy • o e o oeg ommo wh he efi ommy • o lle evoloy elohp ewee le o ml• o e he oep o homology o e exmple o homologo e

CLASSROOM MANAGEMENTBeoe he o h e, ge e o mll o gop o hee o five. T e oeomly o o-omly epeg po he o’ owlege o gop ym, e legyle, o ommo yle wh he loom.

Te e eqe o oe pepoy wo y he e, e peee e wh - o -me l peo.

 for 

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S he e y hg o P I log wh Handout I, gvg he e o me ovlly e he y ey o qeo pee he phoogph o Ho I. Te,gve gop five o me o he we o he o qeo, fi he gop he l, wh he o (o e) eog he we oevo o he o.

Nex, h o P II gve he e ohe o me o e he y ee o qeo. Ag, llow five o me o o o we o qeo, omplg

elog o we yo go.E he e y g P III Ho II III. I gge eg he l o ollow-p l o h yo my ee he o he ee eo (evolo, oevo, e.).

Handout II le o lle ovevew o veee evolo o hghlgh he poo o heoelh evoloy elve (.e., Eusthenopteron) h ee. I h ve, Ho II leeg h he ovey o lvg oelh w mjo efi ovey om he pepeveo oly o evoloy olog, o he hm pee well. (Hee he o hol e h

 wh w o h y y Mjoe Coey-Lme w o meely fih, lvg exmple o oeo o mo evoloy elve.)

Handout III goe he o pove mge o ol oelh whh e oe l

oml ee o he eleo ( pl peol, pelv, l fi oe e). Aolly, Ho III le ee phoogph o lvg oelh. T pe e e ege o o o eologl/ologl e og he oelh h ovefihg,oevo, ehvol y, e. Yo mgh eve g yo e mll e-home pojeh volve eehg ome gee eph he e o glol oelh poplo, heevoloy hoy o fihe, o y ohe e pee o he e.

BLOCKS OF ANALYSIS

Ue o h e le o o o evel ffee op, gg om he efi meho oevolo o he hol ole o wome ee. op emphze epe po he eol gol

o he o he oex whh he e peee.Coelh elog o Cl Sopeyg. Ohe meme o h l le oh A Soh

 Ame lgfihe (Sl Dpo) o-legge eel veee (Sl epo). Whle xoom lfio o hee fihe e o pepel flx, o hol e heevoloy elohp o hee gopg he h he pefi gme o l o l o pl gop. Te hoy o he oelh el owlege o hve eoe peeg h e.

Coelh e hogh o hve e he ely Devo Epoh. Ao pee o ol oelhe ow, mo o whh e hogh o hve goe ex y he e o he Ceeo. Fol oelhhve ee o o evey oe exep o A, wh he mjoy o hee pee og eh

 we. Cloe o o he oelh, Eusthenopteron, he ol fih pee oe e emee

om lg fih o mph pee. Eusthenopteron oelh he my oml ee, hemo mpo eg he loe fi h wee hogh o e he peo o m leg eelogm. A wh he xoom lfio o oelh, evoloy elohp ewee oelh,Eusthenopteron, moe epo lo e o ee evo. Cely vo eheoe h me ol pee h Icthyostega Panderichthyes  he mo mmee eo o epo. Regle o h heoel flo, yg oelh help e le oemee om he evolo he ppee o ew le, mle, pee.

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 Ae om leg o evolo hogh he y o oelh, he e pove e wh  wow o he efi meho he e o efi ovey. Io hol e he h M. Coey-Lme w o e fih olog h he vey elly eehe he fi oe pee hoe o o omo. Alo o e ee he h he h me owlege o fih ology leg o he ovey, w oy, oev eye, goo geel ee o ology h le M. Coey-Lme o he ovey. T oe he e whefi ovey, e wll eefi y heg o he “lym’” ole ee.

 Aohe e og he oelh h ohe my fi o e he loom oevo.Cl o ol e eee ow he eh volve wh olleg yg poelly egee pee. Qeo o he e o P I II le o o h e.

Flly, e ogh p he o qeo h e eloo he h he oelh w oly “ovee” efie y wee ee. A he e wh my efi ( epelly ologl/pee) ovee, ve people hg e whh he ovee e me e oeley ml wh he pheomeo. Depeg po he pefi o’ gol, me my e pepo leg e o h le-e ely.

Plee ee he wee le he “Reeee” eo elow o goo go mel oeg

vlly ll pe o oelh he ovey y wee ee.

ANSWER KEY 

 Awe o he qeo poe he e y e pove epe we ey o he e. Toewe e pwo-poee. o e he we o h e, go o the key . Yo wll e pompe o eme pwo. I yo hve o ye egee wh , yo ee whehe yo e elgle o o y evewg o password policy and then apply online o we o answerkey@sciencecases.org.

REFERENCESCoelh Ree Mo: http://www.dinofish.com/

 Al Mem Ole: http://www.austmus.gov.au/fishes/fishfacts/fish/coela.htm

iucn—Te Wol Coevo Uo: http://www.iucn.org/Te Coelh: http://sacoast.uwc.ac.za/education/resources/fishyfacts/coelacanth.htm

FURTHER READING

Coey-Lme, M. . My oy o he fi oelh. Occidental Papers of the California Academy of Science :–.

Coey-Lme, M. . Remee o he ovey o he oelh. Cryptozoology :–.

Em, M V. . A o o he fi lvg oelh ow o e om Ioe we. Environmental Biology of Fishes ():–.

Em, M V., Roy L. Clwell, S L. Jewe, Ag jwjj. . Te eo eoe

lvg oelh om oh Slwe. Environmental Biology of Fishes ():–.Foey, Pee L. . History of the Coelacanth Fishes . Loo; New Yo: Chpm & Hll.

Geewell, J. Rh. . Te ly he oelh: Rememeg he zoologl ovey o heey. Te Explorers Journal ():–.

M, Joh A., M.N. Bo, Egee K. Blo. . Te Biology of  Lme hlme and Evolution of Coelacanths . Doeh; Boo: Klwe Aem Plhe.

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 Acknowledgements: T e y e o wo ppoe y he Nol See Foo e GNo. p o he nsf-e Ce Se See Wohop hel he Uvey Bfflo, SeUvey o New Yo, o My –, . Ay opo, fig olo o eommeoexpee h mel e hoe o he ho() o o eely efle he vew o he Nol SeeFoo.

Copygh © y he National Center for Case Study Teaching in Science.Oglly plhe // http://www.sciencecases.org/strange_fish/strange_fish_notes.aspPlee ee o usage guidelines, whh ole o poly oeg pemle epoo o h wo.

Pee, Jeemy. . Mjoe Coey-Lme, l, e . Te New York imes (Je , Moy, Le Eo—Fl), Seo B, Colm , Foeg De; p. .

Smh, J.L.B. . A lvg fih o he Meozo ype. Nature :–.

Smh, J.L.B. . Te eo oelh. Nature :–.

Smh, J.L.B. . Old Fourlegs, Te Story of the Coelacanth. Loo; New Yo: Logm, Gee.

Tomo, Keh Sew. . Living Fossil: Te Story of the Coelacanth. New Yo: W.W. Noo.

 Weeg, Smh. . A Fish Caught in ime: Te Search for the Coelacanth. New Yo: HpeColl.

Additional Internet Sites Amzg Soy. C Mem o Ne.

http://www.nature.ca/discover/treasures/trsite_e/tranimal/tr3/tr3.html A e ole exh elg ome o he hoy og oelh.

 Ae Cee o he Deep. NOVA.http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/fish/T wee, evelope ompo o he NOVA elevo pogm Ae Cee o he Deep,le ope o he oepoee ewee Mjoe Coey-Lme J.B.L. Smh.

Coelh (Latimeria chalumnae ). arkve—Imge o Le o Ehhttp://www.arkive.org/species/GES/fish/Latimeria_chalumnaeI o o ome e mge, h e emle o veo lp o wmmg oelh.

Coelh: Te Soh A Ie o Aq Bovey (saiab)http://www.saiab.ru.ac.za/coel.htmTe saiab, omely ow he JLB Smh Ie o Ihhyology, pomoe el “he Sefi‘home’ o he Coelh” offe vey o efi ppe popl le.

Lme hlme, Coelh. Dgl Mophology.http://www.digimorph.org/specimens/Latimeria_chalumnae/whole/P o nsf ’ “Dgl Mophology” poje, h e le d d vlzo o lvg

ex veee veee.Io g h e mgh oe yg o olze oelh o heghe he m

g he e peeo. C e vlle o eole pe (o ) om ommelIee e lg:http://www.sciencemall-usa.com/coelacanth.htmlNoe: Sh ommel e e meoe pely o omol ppoe he ee’oveee o o epee eoeme o y y he nccsts o gg o.

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Handout I

E Loo Mem

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Labidosaurus

Eryops

Eusthenopteron

Climatius

Pteraspis

Reptile

 Amphibian

Lobe Fin Fish

Spiny Shark

Jawless Fish

Shark

Cladoselache

Handout II

Birds

To

Dinosaurs

Mammals

Thecodont

DIAPSIDS SYNAPSIDS  

STEM REPTILES

Therapsid

Drawn by Jim Stamos, Department of Biological Sciences,University at Buffalo, , based on Dixon.

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Handout III

Imge pove y Je Sefi LLC/eemll-.om. Ue wh pemo.

Phoo © y M V Em, Coevo Ieol Ioe Me Pogm. Ue wh pemo.