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Strata Control Observer (Underground Hardrock)

Curriculum DocumentCurriculum Code Curriculum Title

311701-005 Mining Technician: Strata Control Observer(Underground Hardrock)

Development Quality PartnerName Organisation Contact

Mine QualificationsAuthority

Sector Education and Training Authority

MARSHALLTOWN Johannesburg

V04-DRAFT CURRICULUM-11MAY2013


Table of Contents1. SECTION 1: CURRICULUM OVERVIEW....................................................................................1

1.1. Occupational Information.......................................................................................................1

1.1.2. Occupation or Specialisation Addressed by this Curriculum..........................................1

1.1.3. Alternative Titles used by Industry..................................................................................1

1.2. Curriculum Information..........................................................................................................2

1.2.1. Relation of this Curriculum to the Occupation and Qualification....................................2

Progression...................................................................................................................................2

1.2.2. Notes Regarding the Progression:.................................................................................2

1.2.3. Curriculum Structure.......................................................................................................2

1.2.4. International Comparability.............................................................................................3

1.2.5. Entry Requirements........................................................................................................3

1.2.6. Assessment Quality Partner Information........................................................................3

2. SECTION 2: OCCUPATIONAL PROFILE....................................................................................4

2.1. Occupational Purpose...............................................................................................................4

2.2. Task Details...........................................................................................................................4

2.2.1. TASK 01: Conducting workplace inspections in order to generate a workplace strata control inspection report. (NQF Level: 3)......................................................................................4

3. SECTION 3: CURRICULUM COMPONENT SPECIFICATIONS SECTION................................5

3.1. 3A: KNOWLEDGE SUBJECT SPECIFICATIONS....................................................................5

311701-005-KS-01: Rock Engineering Practice (STRATA CONTROL 1)....................................5

311701-005-KS-02: Mining Engineering Practice (STRATA CONTROL 1)...............................12

2. SECTION 3B: PRACTICAL SKILL MODULE SPECIFICATIONS..............................................15

311701-005-PM-01-Measure and record dimensions of mining excavations (NQF Level: 3)....15

311701-005-PM-02-Collect relevant data for rock mass classification (NQF Level: 3)..............18

SECTION 3C: WORK EXPERIENCE MODULE SPECIFICATIONS.............................................21

311701-005-WM-01-01 Complete a minimum of fifteen inspections and audits in an underground tabular or massive stoping and fifteen inspections in a development work area.. 21

V04-DRAFT CURRICULUM-11MAY2013


1. SECTION 1: CURRICULUM OVERVIEW

1.1. Occupational Information

1.1.1. Associated Occupations

311701 - Mining Technician

1.1.2. Occupation or Specialisation Addressed by this Curriculum

311701-001 - Mining Technician: Strata Control Observer Underground Hardrock (Tabular orMassive)

1.1.3. Alternative Titles used by Industry

1. Rock Engineering Assistant2. Strata Control Auditor3. Junior Geotechnical Officer

V04-DRAFT CURRICULUM-11MAY2013 Page 1


1.2. Curriculum Information

1.2.1. Relation of this Curriculum to the Occupation and QualificationProgression

1.2.2. Notes Regarding the Progression:1. The knowledge and theory in this qualification is generic to all the Underground Hardrock mining environments. The uniqueness of the qualification lies in the work experience component and the qualifications will be endorsed relevant to the work experience gained.



1.2.3. Curriculum StructureKnowledge Subjects

Number Title NQF Level Credits311701-005-KS-01 Rock Engineering Practice (STRATA CONTROL 1) 3 20

311701-005-KS-02 Mining Engineering Practice (STRATA CONTROL 1) 3 8

Total Knowledge Credits: 28

Practical Skills ModulesNumber Title NQF Level Credits

311701-005-PM-01 Measure and record dimensions of mining excavations 3 28311701-005-PM-02 Collect relevant data for rock mass classification 3 20Total Practical Skill Credits: 48

Work Experience ModulesNumber Title NQF Level Credits

311701-005-WM-01 Rock related workplace inspection processes. 3 40

Total Work Experience Credits: 40

TOTAL QUALIFICATION CREDITS: 116Knowledge Percentage: 24% Practical Skills Percentage: 41%Workplace Percentage: 34%

1.2.4. International ComparabilityInternational comparability in this instance has not revealed comparable qualifications forone or more of the following reasons: The required level of competence (Level 2/3) is rather low while formal qualifications in Rock Engineering are typically at degree Level. The reason for South African unit standards and qualifications representing a learning path starting at lower levels is mainly due to the relatively low educational base of the majority of workers in the mining industry. These standards (and indeed the National Certificate Strata Control Level 3 Qualification) seek to address the education gap.

1.2.5. Entry Requirements

1. In order to access the qualification the learner must have at least two years experience as an underground worker.2. Successful completion of the FLC is an eligibility requirement to obtain this qualification.3. In order to do the practical skills and gain the work experience learners will be required to meet all the physical and health requirements for working in an underground hardrock mine.

1.2.6. Assessment Quality Partner InformationName Organisation Contact



Mine Qualifications Authority Sector Education and Training Authority PRIVATE BAG X118MARSHALL TOWN21074th Floor Union Corporation Building74-78Marshall Street, Marshalltown



2. SECTION 2: OCCUPATIONAL PROFILE

Title: Mining Technician: Strata Control Observer (Underground Hardrock)

OFO Code: 311701-005

2.1. Occupational PurposeStrata Control Observers: Inspect working places, evaluate rock mass conditions, measure compliance to support standards and create awareness of sub standard conditions in order to advance a safe working environment in an Underground Hardrock Mine.Occupational Tasks

TASK 01: Conducting workplace inspections in order to generate a workplace strata control inspection report. (NQF Level: 3)

2.2. Task Details

2.2.1. TASK 01: Conducting workplace inspections in order to generate a workplace strata control inspection report. (NQF Level: 3)

Unique Product or Service Workplace strata control inspection reports

Occupational Responsibilities Measure and record dimensions of mining excavations Collect relevant data for rock mass classification

Context Rock related workplace inspection processes.



3. SECTION 3: CURRICULUM COMPONENT SPECIFICATIONS SECTION

3.1. 3A: KNOWLEDGE SUBJECT SPECIFICATIONSList of Knowledge Subjects for which Specifications are included

Number Title NQF Level Credits311701-005-KS-01 Rock Engineering Practice (STRATA CONTROL 1) 3 20311701-005-KS-02 Mining Engineering Practice (STRATA CONTROL 1) 3 8Total Knowledge Credits: 28

311701-005-KS-01: Rock Engineering Practice (STRATA CONTROL 1)

Related Knowledge Subject Code and Title

080702: THIS SUBJECT IS RELATED TO THE: Geotechnical Engineering field of study. This is an area of study which prepares individuals to apply mathematical and scientific principles to the design development and operational evaluation of systems for manipulating and controlling surface and subsurface features at or incorporated into structural sites including earth and rock moving and stabilisation land fills design and construction of shallow and deep foundations control of slope instability with retaining walls and sheet piling structural use and environmental stabilisation of wastes and by-products underground construction and groundwater and hazardous material containment.

Purpose of the Knowledge SubjectThe focus of the learning in this subject is on building understanding of the concepts andprinciples related to the practice of rock Engineering theory applicable to strata control that is relevant for the Strata Control Observer. the learning includes the key terms and application principles.TOPIC NUMBER TOPIC TITLE WEIGHT CREDITS311701-005-KS-01:01 Theory, terminology and basic calculations associated with rock

engineering (Intermediate)20 3

311701-005-KS-01:02 Principles, types, characteristics and applications of rock support and mine rock support standards (Basic)

20 4

311701-005-KS-01:03 Interaction between rock strength, stress and fracture (Basic) 10 4311701-005-KS-01:04 Types, behaviour and role of pillars as a rock support medium.

(Basic)10 1

311701-005-KS-01:05 Risk management concepts, processes and practices (Basic) 20 4311701-005-KS-01:06 Purpose, structure and application of the Mine Health and

Safety act and other applicable regulatory requirements. (Basic)10 2

311701-005-KS-01:07 Legislative requirements regarding inspecting and declaring mining work places safe for work. (Intermediate)

10 2

Topics included in this subject:TOTAL TOPIC CREDITS: 20

311701-005-KS-01:01 -Theory, terminology and basic calculations associated with rock



engineering (Intermediate) (Credits: 3)

Topic Elements to be covered include:

1. Explain the definitions of basic Rock Engineering Terminology: RANGE: Mass. Gravity. Weight. Stress (virgin, induced, field, compression, tensile, shear). Strain. Deformation. Rock strength. UCS. Elasticity. Convergence. Closure. Fracture zone. Seismic event. Rock burst. Poissons ratio. Displacement. K-ratio. Sign convention

2. Explain what is meant by Rock Engineering and what the study field consists of: RANGE: a. Differentiate between rock engineering, strata control, seismicity, slope stability;

3. Calculate the area, volume, mass and weight of simple shaped bodies and relate them to mining activities and excavations.

RANGE: a. The area and volumes of simple shape bodies are calculated in the context of mining operations (Must include: Circle, square, rectangle, oval, tri-angle. Cubes, cylinders, pyramids) b. The mass and weight of simple shape bodies are calculated in the context of mining operations (Must include: Cubes, cylinders, pyramids)

4. Explain the basic rock engineering theory: RANGE: a. Units of measurement (SI). b. Force. c. Stress. d. Strain, Poisson’s ratio. e. Young’s Modulus

5. Describe volume and mass in terms of dimensions by giving practical examples. (NQF Level: 3)Internal Assessment Criteria:1. Given various Rock Engineering terms learners will be able to correctly explain all the definitions indicated in the range and give practical examples of how these terms are used for strata control purposes. (Weight: 20%)2. Given raw data and various underground measurements, learners will be able to correctly calculate the areas, volumes, mass and weight of the given shapes. (Weight: 50%)3. Given various scenarios regarding the volumes and mass of rock. Learners will be able to describe the actual size of the space that the rock will take up and answer a range of practical questions regarding the implications of this for strata control in underground hardrock mines. (Weight: 30%)

311701-005-KS-01:02 -Principles, types, characteristics and applications of rock support and mine rock support standards (Basic) (Credits: 4)

Topic Elements to be covered include:1. Explain what is meant by the support principles and how they apply in underground hardrock mines. 2. Demonstrate understanding of the consequences of poorly installed support. 3. Demonstrate an understanding of support installation criteria. 4. Demonstrate an understanding of installation requirements of generic support types 5. Explain the concept of quality assurance with respect to support products and materials.

RANGE a. The need for meeting product specifications;b. Acceptable tolerance levels; c. Consistency.

6. Demonstrate understanding of the application of the support types;7. Demonstrate understanding of the characteristics of support; 8. Describe the features, benefits and applications of the typical generic support types used in



underground hardrock mines; 9. Describe the importance of the application of the support principle;10. Demonstrate understanding of the need of recording and reporting of support installation quality.Internal Assessment Criteria:1. Given descriptions of various support situations, support materials and mining conditions.Learners will be able to: Explain the concept of support principle within a geotechnical context. The explanation must include the concepts of: Beam creation, suspension, Containment, Confinement, load distribution, zone influence, areal coverage, tributary area and the factor of safety. (Weight: 5%)2. Given various mining situations and typical mine support designs, learners will be able to explain the importance of rock and support behaviour in the different designs and indicate how the support principle applies to each of the situations. (Weight: 5%)3. An explanation of each of the generic support types is given in terms of the mining operations context. Generic support types must include the following:

Pack support. Elongated support. Backfill type. Tendon support. Shield support. Fabric support. A description of support types is given in terms of those used on the specific mine.

(Description must include the following: Support unit name. Sketch of the unit. Construction/Installation methods.) Support units used on the specific mine is categorized into the generic support types.

(Weight: 20%)4. Support characteristics are explained in the specific mining context. Support characteristics must include the following:

Active. Passive. Stiff. Soft. Yieldability. Areal coverage. Support resistance. Energy absorption.

(Weight: 15%)5. The support types commonly used are listed in the context of mining operations. Mine excavations must include the following:

Production excavations. Mine access excavations. Service excavations. Surface mining excavations.

The effects of selecting incorrect support types are explained in terms of the consequences to people, production, infrastructure, mine profitability etc (Weight: 20%)6. A description of the installation of generic support types will confirm knowledge. (Mechanically-activated elongates. Hydraulically-activated support units eg hydraulic props, longwall shields and



chocks. Elongates -timber and steel based. Packs - timber-based, grout- based, composites. Tendons - resin- or cement grouted, mechanically anchored, friction- based. Areal support systems - mesh, sprayed concrete, thin sprayed liners. Backfill - types and additives)A description of the installation of support pre-stressing units will confirm knowledge. (Modes of pre-stressing - pneumatic, hydraulic, mechanical. Effect of pre-stressing on support unit behaviour.)Basic description of the installation of support load spreading devices will confirm knowledge. (Types of load spreading devices - headboards, straps, bearing plates. Effect of load spreading on support unit behaviour.) (Weight: 5%)7. An explanation of support installation criteria are provided. (Direction of installation. Height-to-width ratio. Stable footwall contact. Construction quality. Pre-stressing. Stable hanging wall contact. Tendon length and diameter. Grout material quality. Annulus - relationship between tendon diameter and hole size. Manufacturers specifications.) (Weight: 10%)8. An explanation of the need to install support in underground excavations is provided. "An explanation of the effect of poor support quality on support unit behaviour. An explanation of the effect of poor support quality installation on excavation stability and worker safety confirms understanding. (Weight: 10%)9. An explanation of the need to record observations made on support installation quality. Recording and reporting of support installation quality according to the mines specific procedures is provided.An explanation of the consequences of poor recording and reporting of sub-standard support installations is provided. (Weight: 10%)

311701-005-KS-01:03 -Interaction between rock strength, stress and fracture (Basic) (Credits: 4)

Topic Elements to be covered include:1. Explain the concepts of stress relating to mining: RANGE: a. The effect of mining operations on stress levels are explained in terms of the relevant mining context. 2. Explain the concepts of rock mass strength; RANGE: a. The forming processes of different rock types (Sedimentary. Igneous. Metamorphic rock); b. Individual rock characteristics ( Texture. Grain size. Strength. Density); c. Methods of determining rock strength. ( Point load. Uni-axial compressive strength. Tri-axial strength) 3. Describe the effect of stress on rock mass and excavation stability: RANGE: a. The failure of a rock sample under test conditions is described in the context of mining operations; b. The relation between the rock sample testing and underground conditions is explained in the context of mining operations. c. Stress fractures are described in the relevant miningcontext. d. The effect of underground excavations on stress levels surrounding the excavation are explained in the context of mining operation; e. The effects of different variables on stress fractures are explained in the context of mining operations. Internal Assessment Criteria:1. Given different underground hardrock scenarios relating to rock strength, stress and fractures, learners will be able to describe the results of excessive stress fracturing and how this impacts on strata control. (Weight: 50%)2. Given a different rock mass types, learners will be able to correctly describe how each of the rock mass types will behave in stress situations and what strata control precautions needs to be taken in environments where the rock mass types are present. (Weight: 50%)



311701-005-KS-01:04 -Types, behaviour and role of pillars as a rock support medium. (Basic) (Credits: 1)

Topic Elements to be covered include:1. Demonstrate knowledge of the support function of pillars in mining. 2. Demonstrate knowledge of the role of various types of pillars used in mining (NQF Level: 3)3. Demonstrate knowledge of the consequences of not adhering to pillar design criteria. (NQF Level: 3)Internal Assessment Criteria:1. The need for support installation is explained in the context of mining operations.The specific role of solid reef pillars is explained in terms of ensuring excavation stability. (Weight: 10%)2. Various pillar types are explained in the context of mining operations. (Regional/barrier/stabilising. Crush. Yield. Non-yield. Bracket. Protection. Boundary. )The roles of each of the types of pillars are explained in the context of mining operations. (Weight: 10%)3. The importance of pillar dimensions on pillar strength is explained in the context of mining operations.The consequences of inadequate pillar dimensions are described in the context of mining operations. (Seismic activity. Damage to protected excavations. Regional collapses/back breaks. Working place hanging wall instability and possible collapse. Pillar bursts. Exposure of workers to higher-risk environment.)(Weight: 80%)

311701-005-KS-01:05 -Risk management concepts, processes and practices (Basic) (Credits: 4)

Topic Elements to be covered include:1. Demonstrate understanding of the concepts used in risk assessment processes. 2. Demonstrate knowledge of the risk assessment process 3. Describe controls to address risk. 4. Demonstrate understanding of communication of recognised hazards and associated risks.5. Demonstrate knowledge of monitoring risk. Internal Assessment Criteria:1. Risk assessment concepts are explained in the context of mining operations. (Riskassessment concepts must include the following: Hazard. Probability. Consequence. Risk. Treat/Transfer/Tolerate/Terminate. Controls. Monitor. Exposure.)Risk assessment types are explained in the context of mining operations. (Basic risk assessment types must include the following: Baseline. Issue based. Continuous.) (Weight: 20%)2. The need to identify hazards is explained in the context of mining operations.The concept of estimating the probability of occurrence is explained in the context of mining operations. (Probability of occurrence must include the following: Almost certain. Possible. Unlikely).The concept of estimating the severity of consequence is explained in the context of mining operations. (Severity of consequence must include the following: Severe. Moderate. Low).The process of estimating the risk associated with each hazard is explained in the context of mining operations. (Associated risk must include the following: High. Moderate. Low.)The need to prioritise the calculated risks is explained in the context of mining operations(Weight: 10%)3. Controls to address the risk are formulated and explained in the context of mining operations.



(Controls must include the following: Tolerate. Treat. Transfer. Terminate. ) The consequences of not implementing controls are explained in the context of mining operations(Weight: 20%)4. The need to verbally communicate the hazards, risks and control measures is explained in the context of mining operations.Relevant communication channels are explained for various risk levels.The effect of not communicating the hazards and associated risks are explained in terms of consequences to people, machines, equipment, infrastructure and production.(Weight: 30%)5. An explanation of monitoring of risk is provided in the mining context. (Monitoring of risk must include the following: Process to identify changes in level of risk. Process to identify reasons for changes in level of risk)The effect of not monitoring the hazards and associated risks are explained in terms of the consequences to people, production, infrastructure, production and other.(Weight: 20%)

311701-005-KS-01:06 -Purpose, structure and application of the Mine Health and Safety act and other applicable regulatory requirements. (Basic) (Credits: 2)

Topic Elements to be covered include:1. Explain the purpose of the Mine Health and Safety act: RANGE: a. Why the Act wascreated; b. Who the act applies to; c. Consequences of not complying with the act. (NQF Level: 3)2. Explain the rights and duties of employees and employers in terms of the Mine Health and Safety act; RANGE: a. Definition of employers and employees; b. The four important rights with regard to safety and health of employees. 3. Identify and describe the purpose of other regulatory requirements: RANGE: a. Code ofPractice; b. Site specific standards and procedures. 4. Explain the key terms and definitions contained in the act that is relevant to the job of a Strata control Observer: RANGE: a. Hazard and Risk; b. Hazardous areas; c. Accessible workings; d. Ground control districts; e. Special areas. (NQF Level: 3)Internal Assessment Criteria:

311701-005-KS-01:07 -Legislative requirements regarding inspecting and declaring mining work places safe for work. (Intermediate) (Credits: 2)



Topic Elements to be covered include:1. Explain what is meant by a competent person and what the responsibilities of competent persons are. 2. Describe the processes required to make work places safe for work. RANGE: a. Start of shift; b. Re-entry assessment c. Workplace start up assessment. 3. Describe what documentation is required to declare working places as safe: RANGE:

a. Documentation type/format; b. Method of completion of the documentation; c. Who must complete the documentation; d. when documentation must be completed; e. record keeping process.

Internal Assessment Criteria:

Provider Accreditation Requirements for the Subject:

Physical Requirements:

Human Resources Requirements: Legal Requirements:



311701-005-KS-02: Mining Engineering Practice (STRATA CONTROL 1)

Related Knowledge Subject Code and Title

081701: THIS SUBJECT IS RELATED TO THE Mining and Mineral Engineering FIELD OF STUDY. This is an area of study which prepares individuals to apply mathematical and scientific principles to the design development and operational evaluation of mineral extraction processing and refining systems including open pit and shaft mines prospecting and site analysis equipment and instruments environmental and safety systems mine equipment and facilities mineral processing and refining methods and systems and logistics and communications systems.

Purpose of the Knowledge SubjectThe focus of the learning in this subject is on building understanding of the mining processesand how they impact on strata control. The learning includes the key geological knowledge relevant for the Strata Control Observer.

Topics included in this subject:

TOPIC NUMBER TOPIC TITLE WEIGHT CREDITS311701-005-KS-02:01 Concepts and principles of mine geology and its impact on rock

mass stability. (Intermediate)50 4

311701-005-KS-02:02 Concepts and principles of drilling and blasting practices and how these influence rock mass stability. (Intermediate)

50 4

TOTAL TOPIC CREDITS: 8

311701-005-KS-02:01 -Concepts and principles of mine geology and its impact on rock mass stability. (Intermediate) (Credits: 4)

Topic Elements to be covered include:1. Explain the Naturally occurring Geological discontinuities:

a. Influences of forces on rock strata. b. Definitions of the various types of discontinuities in rocks (faults, slips, joints, fold, dykes, sills, potholes, weathering, fissures, hydraulic and pneumatic pressures, bedding planes, bed separation); c Hazards and risks associated with the various geological disconuities.

2. Explain Mining induced geological disturbances: a. Definition of mining induced disturbances (bed separation); b. Causes of mining induced disturbances (Incorrect mining practices ,exceeding mining parameters, induced forces) c. Consequences of mining induced disturbances on rock strata

3. Explain how to identify rock strata conditions: a. How to identify Natural as well as induced discontinuities and anomalies;b. How to interpret the impact of the various discontinuities and anomalies.



Internal Assessment Criteria:1. Given a range of underground hardrock mining situations learners will, without referenceto learning material be able to correctly indicate how the given geological features will impact on rock mass stability and what strata control actions must be taken to mitigate the apparent risks. (Weight: 100%)

311701-005-KS-02:02 -Concepts and principles of drilling and blasting practices and how these influence rock mass stability. (Intermediate) (Credits: 4)

Topic Elements to be covered include:1. Demonstrate knowledge of drilling and blasting of the rock mass. 2. Demonstrate knowledge of the factors that influence the performance of installed support3. Demonstrate knowledge of the strata control hazards associated with incorrect drilling and blasting practices.4. Demonstrate an understanding of the effects of drilling, blasting and cleaning on the rock mass and installed support. 5. Demonstrate the ability to record and report damage to the rock mass and support units. Internal Assessment Criteria:

1. The practice of drilling is described in the context of the mining process. (RANGE Drillingdirection. Burdens. Drilling patterns. )

2. The explosive types used on the specific mine is explained in the context of the mining process.

3. The characteristics of common explosive types used on the mine are explained in terms of the mining process. (Explosive sensitivity. Explosive shock level. Explosive gas content). The process by which explosives break rock is explained in the context of the mining process. (Gas creation. Gas pressure. Blast fracture creation and propagation. Blast fracture patterns.) (Weight: 20%)

4. The factors influencing the performance of installed support are provided in the context of installed support. (Slenderness or width to height ratio. Installation angle. Blocking and wedging. Pre-stressed load maintenance. Relationship between hole and tendon diameter (annulus). Hole depth. Grout and resin quality and curing times. Topping up. Corrosion. Quality and strength of fabrics used as encasings. Desired versus actual load deformation performance.)

5. The consequences of poor installation quality are described in terms of the desired functions of support. (Weight: 30%)

6. Incorrect drilling and blasting practices are explained in the context of installed support. (Large burden. Drilling into rock surrounding excavation. Poor drilling direction. Overcharging. Poor tamping. Short holes. Poor timing.) Strata control related effects of incorrect drilling are explained in the context of installed support. (Damage to surrounding rock mass. Falls of ground. Irregular face shapes. Stress concentrations. Ineffective pre-conditioning. Damage to support units. ) Strata control related effects of incorrect blasting are explained in the context of installed support. (Blast fracture propagation into hanging wall or sidewalls. Blast damage to support units. Excessive hanging wall vibrations. Blasting gas intrusion into weakness planes in the surrounding rock. Falls of ground.) (Weight: 20%)

7. The indirect causes of poor drilling, blasting and cleaning practice are explained in terms of the profile of the excavation and the rock mass and consequent support effectiveness. (Variation in excavation dimensions. Variations in hanging wall/roof and footwall/floor profiles. Eccentric loading.) Strata control related hazards caused by poor drilling and



blasting are described and identified in the context of installed support. (Overbreak/Damage to surrounding rockwalls. Loosening of rockwalls. Damage to and removal of support units. Disturbance of geological structures. Loss of bolt tension through loosened base plates. Damage of encasing materials for packs and backfill. Reduction in effective circumference of timber props. Change in blocking of packs.) The risks associated with each of the strata control hazards caused by incorrect drilling, blasting and cleaning are assessed in accordance with the relevant procedures. (Weight: 20%)

8. Blast related strata hazards to the rock mass and support units are recorded according to mine specific procedures. Blast related strata hazards to the rock mass and support units are reported to supervisors and other workers in accordance with the relevant procedures. (Weight: 10%)

Provider Accreditation Requirements for the Subject:

Physical Requirements:

Human Resources Requirements: Legal Requirements:



2. SECTION 3B: PRACTICAL SKILL MODULE SPECIFICATIONS

List of Practical Skills Modules for which Specifications are included:Number Title NQF Level Credits

311701-005-PM-01 Measure and record dimensions of mining excavations 3 28311701-005-PM-02 Collect relevant data for rock mass classification 3 20Total Practical Skill Credits: 48

311701-005-PM-01-Measure and record dimensions of mining excavations (NQF Level: 3)

Purpose of the Module:The focus of the learning in this module is on providing learners an opportunity to practice the skills required to conduct workplace inspections under controlled conditions.

List of Practical Skills Included in this Module:Number Title Credits311701-005-PM-01-PS01 Read and interpret information plotted on a mine plan and transfer

recorded strata control information onto the mine plan.4

311701-005-PM-01-PS02 Conduct workplace inspections - Identify record and report issues that affect rock mass stability (drilling and blasting practices, geological structures and fractures, deviations from mine standards, quality of support installation)

24

311701-005-PM-01-PS01 Read and interpret information plotted on a mine plan and transfer recorded strata control information onto the mine plan. (Credits: 4)

Scope of Practical Skill:Condition for PerformanceGiven a completed mine plan, and a plan of specific workings (stope sheet as well as production plans and results and relevant services department reports for a work area.Be Able to:1. Interpret the plan and describe the implications of the conditions on the mine plan related to the specific working area in terms of safety, production and cost.2. Identify and describe:

a. All geological features indicated on the plan; b. all infrastructures indicated on the plan; c. Identify the direction and coordinates on the plan d. Distinguish the elevation and gradient (dip and strike) e. Identify the boundaries and pillars f. Identify the types of excavations (shafts, sub shafts, drives cross-cuts, drives, traveling ways. g. Identify the position of survey pegs and stations. h. Identify restricted areas and abandoned workings. i. Identify all dams. j. Lines indicating the planes of sections; k. Water plugs



l. Falls of ground. m. Ventilation districts. n. Harmful gas accumulations

Applied Knowledge1. Techniques of plan reading and plotting2. International symbols and measurements as indicated on plans3. Legal requirements and implications related to making modifications on mine plansInternal Assessment:1. Test understanding of the concepts and principles of mine survey. (a. Definition andpurpose of the different types of mine plans (1:1000, 1:1500, 1:5000, 1:10000, 1:200), b. Legal requirements covered on the various mine plans (including survey notes, holing notes, start up notes. c. Plan layout and all symbols and signage used on mine plans d. Implication of non adherence to requirements on mine plans2. Evaluate that all features and orientations on the plan is correctly identified and described.3. Evaluate the accuracy of the interpretation and that all implications related to safety, production and cost have been identified and correctly described4. Observe the process of plotting and updating the plan checking accuracy, neatness and completeness.

311701-005-PM-01-PS02 Conduct workplace inspections - Identify record and report issues that affect rock mass stability (drilling and blasting practices, geological structures and fractures, deviations from mine standards, quality of support installation) (Credits: 24)

Scope of Practical Skill:Condition for PerformanceGiven a controlled work environments within different workplace contexts (Stoping, development, shaft sinking, room and pillar mining, and strip mining), the applicable standards and proceduresBe Able to:1. Prepare for the workplace inspection (Collect previous inspection report, prepare recording medium, collect tools.)2. Obtain permissions to conduct the inspection and enter the working place.3. Measure and record the distance, spacing’s, dimensions and conditions of the working place, support and geotechnical abnormalities. Assess the quality of drilling and blasting practices, support materials and support installations.4. Records measurements and identify deviations from standard.5. Observe and record ground conditions and identify rock related hazards that could effect the safety of workers or the stability of the working place.6. Check the daily hazard identification/safe declarations to compare it with the identified strata hazards and weather the recommended remedial actions are appropriate and adequate.7. Provide verbal feedback, to the miner and the team in the workplace, on the findings and obtain agreement on actions to rectify the hazards where necessary.8. Complete the required documentation/written feedback, submit for checking/recommendations and distribute.9. Follow up to check that the actions have been taken as agreed.Applied Knowledge1. Application of the support principle2. Techniques to identify and describe various geological discontinuities



3. Safe working practices for underground work areasInternal Assessment:1. APPLIED KNOWLEDGE: Test understanding of:

a. The application of mine standards relating to - mining layouts, support, drilling and blasting.b. Theory underpinning rock mass behaviour - geological features, seismicity, stress conditions, rock strength, rock failure. c. The support principles and the quality standards of a full range of support types.

2. Observe the process followed to take the measurements (Safety, accuracy, completeness, systematic approach)3. Evaluate the accuracy of the measurements and records of the measurements.4. Evaluate that all relevant hazardous conditions were identified and recorded.5. Evaluate the completeness and effectiveness of the communication to the team.6. Evaluate the neatness, accuracy, completeness and relevance of the feedback report.

Provider Accreditation Requirements:

Physical Requirements:1. Providers must have proven access to all the resources, facilities and equipment as set out in the given statements of the practical skills modules.Human Resources Requirements:1. Facilitators of learning must be in possession of a valid Strata Control qualification at NQF level 5, or a similar recognised mining qualification.2. Facilitators of learning must have at least five years proven post qualification experience in the mining technical services environment.3. The facilitator: learner ratio may not exceed 1:10Legal Requirements:1. Providers must comply with all relevant legal requirements



311701-005-PM-02-Collect relevant data for rock mass classification (NQF Level: 3)

Purpose of the Module:The focus of the learning in this module is on providing learners an opportunity to practice the skills required to collect data for rock mass classification.

List of Practical Skills Included in this Module:Number Title Credits

311701-005-PM-02-PS01 Take and record measurements from installed rock mass measurement instruments.

4

311701-005-PM-02-PS02 Take measurements to calculate a value for rock mass classification

8


8

311701-005-PM-02-PS01 Take and record measurements from installed rock mass measurement instruments. (Credits: 4)

Scope of Practical Skill:Conditions for PerformanceGiven a simulated and controlled work environment, all required tools and instruments(Tape, Vernier calliper, closure meter, Extensometer, Load cells, Strain gauges, Petroscope/borehole camera, camera, feeler gague, clino rule. Given a simulated and controlled work environment, all required tools and instruments (Tape, Vernier calliper, closure meter, Extensometer, Load cells, Strain gauges, Petroscope/borehole camera, camera, feeler gague, clino rule).Be Able to:1. Take reading of instrument displays (gauge pressures, linear scales, vernier scales,digital readouts) (A number of readings must be taken over time so that changes can be recorded)2. Record reading in a prescribed format and submit for further analysis.Applied Knowledge

Internal Assessment:1. Test understanding of:

a. The purpose of the various instruments and the format of measurements displayed; b. Typical values range and limits of the various measurements; c. Actions that must be taken when abnormal readings are detected.

2. Observe the extent to which the learner follows the set procedure to read the instrumentation.3. Evaluate the accuracy and consistency of the recorded measurements.4. Evaluate the accuracy and consistency of information transferred.




(Credits: 8)

Scope of Practical Skill:Condition for Performance:Given a controlled workplace, measuring tools and reference charts/diagrams.Be Able to:1. Separate the excavation into strike, dip and vertical sections/tape lines.2. For each tape line identify, count and record the number and angles of joints crossing the line.3. Using reference charts/diagrams determine the different properties of individual joints(Opening, roughness, infilling and water content)4. Record observations on a rock mass rating template.5. Check area for additional geological structures. If present assess, classify and record.6. Based on the data obtained in the workplace, calculate the appropriate value using the appropriate formula for the different rock mass classification systems.Applied Knowledge

Internal Assessment:1. Test understanding off:

a. Basic structural geology (joints, dykes/sills, potholes, domes, ramps, faults, rolling reef, sinkholes layering, changes in rock types) b. Mining induced discontinuities (brows, fractures, bed separation) c. Content of the different rock mass classification systems and how they are used to calculate the different values.

2. Observe the process followed to gather the information, check that all the structures andfeatures are identified and correctly categorised.3. Evaluate that all data is accurately recorded, entered into the spreadsheet/formula and correctly calculated.

311701-005-PM-02-PS03 Take measurements to calculate a value for rock mass classification (Credits: 8)

Scope of Practical Skill:Conditions for Performance:Given a controlled workplace, measuring tools and reference charts/diagrams.Be Able to:1. Separate the excavation into strike, dip and vertical sections/tape lines.2. For each tape line identify, count and record the number and angles of joints crossing the line.3. Using reference charts/diagrams determine the different properties of individual joints(Opening, roughness, infilling and water content)4. Record observations on a rock mass rating template.5. Check area for additional geological structures. If present assess, classify and record.6. Based on the data obtained in the workplace, calculate the appropriate value using the appropriate formula for the different rock mass classification systems.



Applied Knowledge1. Techniques for rock mass classificationInternal Assessment:1. Test understanding off:

a. Basic structural geology (joints, dykes/sills, potholes, domes, ramps, faults, rolling reef, sinkholes layering, changes in rock types) b. Mining induced discontinuities (brows, fractures, bed separation) c. Content of the different rock mass classification systems and how they are used to calculate the different values.

2. Observe the process followed to gather the information, check that all the structures and features are identified and correctly categorised.3. Evaluate that all data is accurately recorded, entered into the spreadsheet/formula and correctly calculated.

Provider Accreditation Requirements:

Physical Requirements:1. Providers must have proven access to all the resources, facilities and equipment as set out in the given statements of the practical skills modules.Human Resources Requirements:1. Facilitators of learning must be in possession of a valid Strata Control qualification at NQF level 5, or a similar recognised mining qualification.2. Facilitators of learning must have at least five years proven post qualification experience in the mining technical services environment.3. The facilitator: learner ratio may not exceed 1:10Legal Requirements:1. Providers must comply with all relevant legal requirements



SECTION 3C: WORK EXPERIENCE MODULE SPECIFICATIONS

List of Work Experience Module SpecificationsNumber Title NQF Level Credits

311701-005-WM-01 Rock related workplace inspection processes. 3 40Total Work Experience Credits: 40

311701-005-WM-01 - Rock related workplace inspection processes.

Purpose of the ModuleThe focus of the learning in this module is on providing learners an opportunity to gain experience in doing basic inspections and observations of strata control conditions in underground hardrock mines.

List of Experiences included in this moduleNumber Title Credits311701-005-WM-01-01 Complete a minimum of fifteen inspections and audits in an underground

tabular or massive stoping and fifteen inspections in a development work area.

40

311701-005-WM-01-01 Complete a minimum of fifteen inspections and audits in an underground tabular or massive stoping and fifteen inspections in a development work area.

Guidelines for Work Experience1. Measure and record dimensions of mining excavations.(dip, angle, shape)2. Observe, measure and record pillar dimension, condition and behaviour.3. Observe, identify and record geological structures and/or rock fractures within the workplace4. Observe identify and record the actual rock wall conditions;5. Collect relevant data for rock mass classification;6. Observe, measure and record support installed in terms of type, compliance to specification, spacing and condition;7. Observe and record comments relating to mining practice.8. Transfer data to a report template, written feedback report or electronic system.9. Participate in workplace start up assessments as part of a cross functional team.Contextual Workplace Knowledge1. Site specific codes of practice related to stoping.2. Site specific Standard operating procedures for stoping.Supporting Evidence1. All audit forms completed to the required standard.2. Satisfactory planned task observations signed off by the supervisor.3. Satisfactory written reports for non typical working places (Large chambers, sinking shafts etc) and/or working places re-opened after a significant incident or a period of inactivity. (at least five)4. Written reports submitted as part of workplace start up processes (at least five)



5. Evaluate the validity of inputs into rock mass classifications. (At least 20)6. Written reports submitted as part of incident investigations (at least five)7. Quality assurance reports on installed support (Typically secondary support) (at least ten)

Criteria for Workplace Approval:

Physical Requirements:1. Operating underground hardrock mine with narrow tabular and massive mining operations.Human Resources Requirements:1. Work must be supervised by a qualified Rock EngineerLegal Requirements:1. Proven compliance with all applicable legal requirements.


strata control observer (underground hardrock)benvanas.co.za/downloads/mqa/pages/strata...

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