strategic and operational architecture management processes fileproject management operational...

act! consulting GmbH1Architecture World ’07

act!

Klaus D. NiemannManaging Director and Partner

John F. Kennedy Platz 9, D-38100 BraunschweigT +49 (0) 531 / 12337 0F +49 (0) 531 / 12337 20E [email protected] www.act-consulting.de

www.enterprise-architecture.de

Strategic and Operational ArchitectureManagement ProcessesQuality Gates, Metrics and KPIs


act! profile References

Leading Life and Non-Life Insurance CompanyPost-Merger Application Portfolio Analysis and Optimization; Reference Architectures for Policy Management and Sales Support; Gap-Analysis and Transition Planning.

Health Insurance CompanyDefinition and Implementation of Architecture and GovernanceBoard.

Building SocietyImplementation of strategic Architecture Management.

BankApplication Portfolio Model and Implementation of ApplicationManagement.

Health Insurance CompanyImplementation of Architecture Management, Evaluation of current Development Technologies, Definition of ApplicationDomains and Reference Architectures.

BankArchitecture Audit, Reference Architecture for Multi-Channel-Banking.

AutomotiveImplementation of Architecture Management in new CTO-Org.; Introduction of Architecture Management Processes and Organization, Definition of Reference Architectures.

Demand Management

IT-Organization

Project Management

Operational Architecture Manage-ment (Implementation Governance)

IT-Strategy and Governance

Enterprise Architecture and Strategic ArchitectureManagement

Business/IT Alignment, BPM and Application Portfolio Optimization


Organizations

• Working Member of Architecture Forum• TOGAF Development• Conference Presentations

• Member of International Committee on EA Standards

• Lead Author for „Enterprise ArchitectureManagement Guide“

• Partnership

• Author for „Journal of Enterprise Architecture“

• act! Architecture Management Days• German EA Forum since 2003


Contents

� The Purpose of an Enterprise Architecture� The CIO's Management Information System

� The EA Process� Strategic and operational Architecture Management Processes

� The big Picture � Enterprise Architecture Management within the Context of IT Management Processes: Quality Gates, Metrics and KPIs.

� The Role of Architecture Management in developing and enforcing Standards� Commodities and Differentiators: How to prioritize Standards Development


Given a large, distributed and

extremely heterogenous infra-

structure environment, the

tasks of

� consolidation,

� ongoing optimization and

� standardized development

are highly challenging:

Szenario: Infrastructure Consolidation

System architectureMessaging Search Engines Portals ECM

…

�Impact of changes withinSystem Architecture

Application Architecture

�Effects on applications

Business Architecture

processes drivers organizational units

�Support of presentprocesses and OUs

Transition

�Side effects on projects

Project X

Requirements

�Fulfillment of requirements

Standards

�Standards´ compliance


Development of an Enterprise Architecture

System architecture

Transition

Application architecture

Applicationlandscape

Business architecture

Requirements

Standards


Enterprise Architecture Reveals Relations

Transition

System architecture

Business architectureRequirements

Application architecture

Applicationlandscape

Standards

Goal

Process

DriverOrg. Unit

Applicationsystem

Component

Interface

Service

Project

Platform Infrastructure system

Device


What is an Enterprise Architecture?The term enterprise architecture refers to a structured, harmonized and dynamic collection of plans for the development of an enterprise’s IT landscape:

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wi r d tät i g an

1.. n

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1. . n

� Application Maps

� Class Models

� …

a d p-a r c : Arc h it ek t ur p la nung e rs te l le n und p fl e ge n

Unte r ne he mns a r ch i te k tur in i tia l is ie r en

Te c hnolog i sc he Tre nds

be oba c hte n

St anda rd i s ie rungs pr oz es s ebe oba c ht e n

Ma r k tübe rs ic h t e rs te l le n

Ge s c hä f ts s tr a te g ie undIT-St ra t eg i e a nal y si e re n

Pr oj e k tport fo li o

a na ly s ie r en

Anw e ndungs por tf ol ioa nal ys i e re n

Anf or de runge n und

Ra hm enbe bindunge ns pe z ifi z ie re n

Te c hnol og i e mode l l er s te ll e n/ p fl ege nSta nda rdk r ite r ie nk at a log

pfl ege n

Erhe bung v or be re it e n

Na me : p -a rc : Arc h it e kt ur p la n u ng er st e lle n un d p f le g e nAu th o r:

Ve rs io n : 1 .0Cr ea t ed : 1 4 .1 2 .2 0 0 2 1 8 :2 1 :3 6

Up d a te d : 1 4 .0 1 .2 0 0 4 1 3 :2 5 :5 5

Re fe r enz a rc h it e k tur e rs te l le n /p fl e ge n

Grund la ge n f ürBe ba uungs p la nung a b le it en

Fa c ha r c hi te k tur i nt e gr ie r e n

Soft wa re a rc h i te k tur in te gr ie r en

Sys t em ar c h it ek t ur i n te gri e re n

Anwe ndungs l ands c hft in t egr ie r en Kons o lid i e rung mode ri e re n

Unte r ne hme ns a rc h it e kt ur

publ iz ie r e n

Unte r ne he mns a rc h it ek t ur

e rs te l le n /p fl e ge n

Sz ena r ie n f ür

Be bauungs pl a nungent wic k e ln

Fi n a l St a te

�Organizational charts

�Business Process Models

�Goals and strategic plans

�…

�Network Models

�Component catalogues

�…T R

FD DI

WA N T R

TRTR

W AN

(z .B . IS DN)

ROUT ER ROUT ER

Eth ern et

Netz A Net z B Netz C

DRD A

RDA

DBM SDBM S

systems architectureplatforms support Level

infrastructure components

application architecture

subsystems

technical components

businessarchitecture

objectives strategies

requirements constraints

business processes business components

environments

application systems logical components

data

This architecture

� is arranged in various levels of detail and views,

� is specifically designed for certain stakeholders (e.g. managers, planners, owners and designers),

� illustrates different aspects of IT systems (e.g. data, functions, interfaces, platforms, networks) and their alignment with the business (e.g. objectives, strategies, business processes) in past, present and future scenarios.

� builds the basis for informed decision making


Contents






Architecture Management …� aligns IT to the business and covers the span between strategy and implementation.

� ensures the correct and reliable transformation from strategy to operational systems through well-defined and repeatable architecture management processes.

� is the EA process and one of the three building blocks of a successful EA practice.

EnterpriseStrategy

• Objectives• Constraints• Organization• Processes• Products

Implementation• Applications

• Frameworks• Patterns• Infrastructure• Platforms

ArchitectureManagement

IT- Infrastructure

IT-Applications

BusinessPlan


Architecture Management …� aligns IT to the business and covers the span between strategy and implementation.

� ensures the correct and reliable transformation from strategy to operational systems through well-defined and repeatable architecture management processes.

� is the EA process and one of the three building blocks of a successful EA practice.

EnterpriseStrategy

• Objectives• Constraints• Organization• Processes• Products

Implementation• Applications

• Frameworks• Patterns• Infrastructure• Platforms

Organizational ModelProcess ModelInformation Model


EA Processes

EnterpriseStrategy• Objectives• Constraints• Organization• Processes• Products

Implementation• Applications• Frameworks• Patterns• Infrastructure• Platforms

Strategic Architecture Management Operational Architecture Management

Plan and develop EA

Plan and de-velop applicationportfolio

Plan and de-velop businessarchitecture

Plan and developsoftware architecture

Plan and developsystems architecture

Plan anddevelopreferencearchi-tectures


Processes of Architecture Management

• Definition and maintenance of structure of Enterprise Architecture

• Generation and maintenance of model of Enterprise Architecture

• Analysis of Enterprise- and IT-Strategy, definition of objectives and framework• Documentation of requirements and Business Drivers• Drawing of map of components• Drawing of map of processes• Definition of services• Compilation of glossary/definitions of terms

• Analysis of application- and infrastructure landscape

• Generation and evaluation of applicationportfolio scenarios

• Derive application portfolio plan

• Development and maintenance of Infrastructure Systems Portfolio

• Carrying out technology projects (Development, optimization, allocation)

• Definition of services

• Determination of requirements on architecture

• and evaluation thereof• Generation of Architecture

scenarios• Carry out Technical Prototyping• Planning of Implementation• Carry out Architecture reviews• Definition of Architecture

characteristics

• Specification of validreference Architectures and application scenarios

• Expertise to cover Architecture-determiningrequirements

document! analyze!

plan!

act!

check!


Enterprise Architecture Organization

t-eam: toolbox for enterprise architecture management


Contents






IT-Governance

A comprehensive Architecture Management is...

IT-Strategy

Demand Supply

Enable

IT-Organization

IT-Processes

• closely cross-linked with theother IT-Management processes

• operatively and strategicallyfocused

• value oriented


IT-Governance

A comprehensive Architecture Management is...

IT-Strategy

Demand Supply

Enable

DemandManagement

QualityManagement


PortfolioManagement

Change&Config.Management

ServiceManagement

Program&ProjectManagement

IT-FinancialManagement

Risk&SecurityManagement

IT-Organization

IT-Processes

• closely cross-linked with theother IT-Management processes

• operatively and strategicallyfocused

• value oriented

Run theBusiness

Run theBusiness

Change theBusiness

Change theBusiness

CommoditiesCommodities

DifferentiatorsDifferentiators

WinCostLeader-ship

Win Market/Segment Leadership

Ensure Market/SegmentLeader-ship

Ensure Cost Leadership

$

$

$

$

IT-Investments (new developments, housekeeping)


Cross-linking of IT-Management Processes I

QualityManagement


PortfolioManagement


ServiceManagement




DemandManagement


Cross-linking of IT-Management Processes II

QualityManagement


PortfolioManagement


ServiceManagement




DemandManagement

Initia

tive

Budget

Housekeeping Needs

ArchitectureDraft

Task

Solutions & Standards

Service NeedsMaintenance Needs

Q-Check

Q-Check

Sec.-C

heck

Sec.-C

heck

Deploym.

Compliance-

Check

Compliance-

Check

Budget

Q-Gate Q-

Gate

Q-Gate

Q-Gate

Q-Gate

Q-

Gate

Q-

Gate

Q-Gate

Q-

Gate


Architecture Management Context: Initialize a new project

Demand Supply

Demand Management

Portfo

lio Management

Risk& Security

Management

Enable

Service l M

anagement

Architecture Management

Quality Management

Program & Project M

anagement

Change & Configuration Management

Solution?

Proposal for

solution

Demand (incl. Cost/ benefit)

Accept/Deny

New Order

Sec.Check1 2

3

4

1

2 Sec. Appr.

Project Example



Demand Supply

Demand Management

Portfo

lio Management

Risk& Security

Management

Enable

Service l M

anagement


Quality Management

Program & Project M

anagement


Solution?

Proposal for

solution


Accept/Deny

New Order

Sec.Check1 2

3

4

1

2 Sec. Appr.

Project Example

Architecture Management requires security check

Demand Management presents project proposal to Portfolio Management

Demand Management establishes new project

Demand Management requires Solution Propo-sal (e.g. appropriate Reference Architecture incl. heuristics, new architecture scenario) in order to complete project proposal



Demand Supply

Demand Management

Portfo

lio Management

Risk& Security

Management

Enable

Service l M

anagement


Quality Management

Program & Project M

anagement


Solution?

Proposal for

solution


Accept/Deny

New Order

Sec.Check1 2

3

4

1

2 Sec. Appr.

Project Example


Develop solution proposal� Identify architecture determining factors from requirements�Prioritize architecture determining factors�Evaluate reference architectures for usable architecture scenarios�Evaluate solution alternatives�Evaluate architecture scenarios �Specify favorized architecture scenario�Derive business case




Demand Supply

Demand Management

Portfo

lio Management

Risk& Security

Management

Enable

Service l M

anagement


Quality Management

Program & Project M

anagement


Solution?

Proposal for

solution


Accept/Deny

New Order

Sec.Check1 2

3

4

1

2 Sec. Appr.

Project Example




� Roles� Responsible: Operational Architect

� Participating: Analyst

� Coordinating: Strategic Architect



Demand Supply

Demand Management

Portfo

lio Management

Risk& Security

Management

Enable

Service l M

anagement


Quality Management

Program & Project M

anagement


Solution?

Proposal for

solution


Accept/Deny

New Order

Sec.Check1 2

3

4

1

2 Sec. Appr.

Project Example







� Input� Recent State� Requirements� Expected benefit (strategic, economical)



Demand Supply

Demand Management

Portfo

lio Management

Risk& Security

Management

Enable

Service l M

anagement


Quality Management

Program & Project M

anagement


Solution?

Proposal for

solution


Accept/Deny

New Order

Sec.Check1 2

3

4

1

2 Sec. Appr.

Project Example








� Output� System short description (preliminary version)� Solution alternatives (preliminary version)� Business case (preliminary version)



Demand Supply

Demand Management

Portfo

lio Management

Risk& Security

Management

Enable

Service l M

anagement


Quality Management

Program & Project M

anagement


Solution?

Proposal for

solution


Accept/Deny

New Order

Sec.Check1 2

3

4

1

2 Sec. Appr.

Project Example








� Output� System short description (preliminary version)� Solution alternatives (preliminary version)� Business case (preliminary version)

Quality requirements and measurements

� Input

� Recent State: Existence and estimate of the completeness

� Requirements: Existence and estimate of the completeness

� Documentation on expected benefit: Existence and estimate of the completeness

� Output

� System short description: Existence; Evaluation of the expected degree of performance and coverage of the requirements;

� Solution alternatives: Existence; Quality of documentation, especially documentation of decision reasons

� Business Case: Existence; Estimate of the completeness

� Quality of the process of developing solution proposal


Growing Importance of Architecture

Develop

Architecture

Standardize

Architecture

Plan

Architecture

Control

Architecture

The road from thedevelopment of project architec-

tures leads to

the overall and strategic

controlling of thebusiness-

architecture.

Consolidation

Re-use

FocusProject Enterprise

Standardi-zation

The focus of Architecture on a single project mustexpand to the business-wide application landscapeto meet the requirements on consolidation, re-use, and standardization.

Alignment

Governance

Impact

Implemen-tation

Strategy

Compliance

Architecture is not only subject to operational (project-) objectives, but also and more to strategic challenges:

Business-IT-align-ment, monitoring and controlling of IT (Governance), compliance to legal requirements (e. g. Sarbanes-Oxley).


Contents






Architecture GovernanceProjects are fed by a defined set of standards

Compliance with standards is developed with Solution Architects

An operative Architecture process is established

Architecture Governance instruments (Reviews, Boards) are regularlyapplied

Standards are continuously cultivated

Project AProject AProject AProject A

S zenar io

nut zbar ?

Be stimmungs-

fa ktor en

Architek turentwurf

ev a luiere n

Modul C

Architek tur-

s z enarioRe ferenz-

A rc hite ktur en

S zenar io

nut zbar ?

Be stimmungs-

fa ktor en

Architek turentwurf

ev a luiere n

Modul C

Architek tur-


A rc hite ktur en

Be stimmungs-

fa ktor en

Architek turentwurf

ev a luiere n

Modul C

Architek turentwurf

ev a luiere n

Modul C

Architek tur-


A rc hite ktur en

Bes tim mungs fa ktoren

de s Architek ture ntwurfs

erhe be n

Modul A

Fa chliche

Aufgabenstellung

erheben

Modul 0

Bes timm ungs -

fak tor en



erhe be n

Modul A

Fa chliche

Aufgabenstellung

erheben

Modul 0

Bes timm ungs -

fak tor en



erhe be n

Modul A



erhe be n

Modul A

Fa chliche

Aufgabenstellung

erheben

Modul 0

Fa chliche

Aufgabenstellung

erheben

Modul 0

Bes timm ungs -

fak tor en

Architek tur-

sz enario

Be stimm ungsfak tor en

de s Archite kturentwur fs

bewer ten

Modul B

Refer enz-

Arc hite kture n

Architek tur-

sz enario



bewer ten

Modul B

Refer enz-

Arc hite kture n



bewer ten

Modul BBe stimm ungsfak tor en


bewer ten

Modul B

Refer enz-

Arc hite kture n

Nein Arc Prinzip ien

Pa tterns

Modul E

A rc hite ktur sze na rien

entwick eln

Be stimmungs-fa ktor en

Re fere nz -

Architek turen

Arc hite ktur -

s ze na rio


Pa tterns

Modul E


entwick eln


Re fere nz -

Architek turen

Arc hite ktur -

s ze na rio


Pa tterns

Modul E


entwick eln

Modul E


entwick eln


Re fere nz -

Architek turen

Arc hite ktur -

s ze na rio

Test

Modul D

Architek turentwurf

tes ten

Te st-

ergebnis se

Test

Modul D

Architek turentwurf

tes ten

Modul D

Architek turentwurf

tes ten

Te st-

ergebnis se

Bestä tigt

?Ne in

Ja

Modul G

Arc hite kture ntwurf

um s etze n

Modul H

Um se tzung

a uswe rten

Anwe ndungs-

s tec kbrie f

Anwe ndungs-

ste ckbrie fRe ferenz-

Arc hite ktur en

Bestä tigt

?Ne in

Ja

Modul G


um s etze n

Modul G


um s etze n

Modul H

Um se tzung

a uswe rten

Modul H

Um se tzung

a uswe rten

Anwe ndungs-

s tec kbrie f

Anwe ndungs-

ste ckbrie fRe ferenz-

Arc hite ktur en

Modul FArc hite kture ntwurf

dokume ntiere n und

absic he rnJa

Anw endungs -

s tec kbrief

Archite ktur-

sz enario

Bes tim mungs -

fak tore nModul F


dokume ntiere n und

absic he rn

Modul FArc hite kture ntwurf

dokume ntiere n und

absic he rnJa

Anw endungs -

s tec kbrief

Archite ktur-

sz enario

Bes tim mungs -

fak tore n

Standards

Infrastructure PortfolioReference

Architectures

Directions

Domäne A

RefArc A1

Domäne B

RefArc B1

Infrastructure Component Types

DBMS

Betriebssystem

Middleware

Principles Rules Decisions

.

.

.

Standards Level

DB2

Level A Level B Level C

...

...

Oracle MS

UNIX Windows Linux

BEA Oracle F.B. Apache

... ... ...

...

...

...

...

Architecture / Governance Board

Differentiators

Commodities

Weak standardization Strong standard ization

StandardsDevelopment

Example


Strategic Planning of Standards Development

Run theBusiness

Run theBusiness

Change theBusiness

Change theBusiness



Example



Run theBusiness

Run theBusiness

Change theBusiness

Change theBusiness



WinCostLeader-ship

Win Market/Segment Leadership

EnsureMarket/SegmentLeader-ship

Ensure Cost Leadership

Example



Run theBusiness

Run theBusiness

Change theBusiness

Change theBusiness


DifferentiatorsDifferentiatorsEnablers

Basics

DriversResources

Example



Run theBusiness

Run theBusiness

Change theBusiness

Change theBusiness


DifferentiatorsDifferentiatorsEnablers

Basics

DriversResources

e.g.Product

Development

e.g.Telephony

e.g.CRM

e.g.ECM

Example


Standardization vs. Differentiators and Commodities

Differentiators

Commodities

Weak standardization Strong standardization

Exceptions due to constraints (e.g. legal regulations)

Exceptions due to business opportunities

CommodityServices

IT-Services, contributing to business commodities, must behighly standardized, except forconstraints.

Example

Project generatesdifferentiating

characteristics forthe business!

DifferentiatorServices

IT-Services, contributing to business differentiators, needadjustment to standards orexceptions based on business opportunities.


Reduction of Non-Standard Services

Differentiators

Commodities

Weak standardization Strong standardization

Improve efficiency throughreduction of non-standardservices.

Exceptions due to constraints (e.g. legal regulations)

Exceptions due to business opportunities

Concentrate on development of standards for differentiatorservices - high value at low cost.

Development ofStandards

Example


Thank you very much for your attention !

Klaus D. NiemannManaging Director and Partner

act!John F. Kennedy Platz 9, D-38100 BraunschweigT +49 (0) 531 / 12337 0F +49 (0) 531 / 12337 20E [email protected] www.act-consulting.de

www.enterprise-architecture.de

t-eamtoolbox forenterprisearchitecturemanagement

strategic and operational architecture management processes fileproject management operational...

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