strategic information systems definitions and context week #1 pt. a
TRANSCRIPT
Strategic Information Systems
Definitions and context
Week #1 pt. A
Information technology (IT) is arguably the most disruptive force
for organizations in nearly a century.
Information Technology
• Computer technology• Hardware and software• Information creation and storage
• Telecommunications technology• Information transmission• Networks
• Process and Infrastructure
WHAT IS THE BUSINESS VALUE OF INFORMATION?
The Information Age
The business value of IT…
Because of the value of information.
Organizations in the Information Age
E-business:
•Processes enabled by Information Technology
•Netcentric
E-business vs. E-commerce?
Information as an Organizational Asset
• What is information?
• How is it created?
Information Hierarchy
(Waves of Wisdom)
(00) >> Data >> Information >> Knowledge >> Wisdom
Assets:
Added Value
Information as an Asset
(00) NO DATA
DATA
Stage #1:
Stage #2:
data collection
Information as an Asset
DATA
Stage #2:
• Raw Values: Facts, Numbers, Text, Images, Sound, Video
• Issues of data collection
• Data properties
What data properties would a data administrator be concerned about?
Information as an Asset
DATA
Stage #2:
“DATA IS LIFE…
GUARD IT FIERCELY”
*Amdahl Computers advertisement
Information as an Asset
DATA
INFORMATION
Stage #2:
Stage #3:
Information is PROCESSED Data
Information as an Asset
INFORMATION
Stage #3:
Information is PROCESSED data
• Organize data
• Select data
• Mathematical analysis on data
Information as an Asset
INFORMATIONStage #3:
input outputprocess
data information
Quality?Quality?Quality?
Information quality is a function of data quality and process quality.
Information as an AssetINFORMATIONStage #3:
Companies are drowning in data,
but starving for information.
The INFORMATION GAP
Most systems developed for …
Operational processing
Not Informational processing.
Operational => transaction oriented
Informational => detailed and summarized data for decision-support
Lots of Data.What about Information?
Information as an AssetINFORMATIONStage #3:
Some CHALLENGES of Enterprise Information:
Appropriate information for person, place, time
Appropriate data structures (metadata)
Discovery/indexing/cataloging
Security, privacy
Can impose “limits” on views/attitudes/creativity
Information as an Asset
INFORMATION
KNOWLEDGE
Stage #3:
Stage #4:
Knowledge is information put to productive use.
Knowledge
Region 1 $10,450,345.32
Region 2 $5,323,198.80
Region 3 $9,098,087.96
Region 4 $11,478,980.53
Sales Figures by Region
Knowledge basics
"Knowledge" - Information that can create value through action
Explicit - “Captured Information”
Formal Process Maps
Objective Directories
Data Policies and Procedures
Tacit - “Untamed Information”
Insights Context Specific
Judgment Know-how
Intuition Beliefs
Types of KnowledgeKnowledge basics
26%
20%12%
42%
PaperDocumentationElectronicDocumentationElectronicKnowledgebaseEmployee's Brains
A recent Delphi study found that on average, corporations believe that 42% of corporate knowledge is housed exclusively in the brains of employees.
Delphi Group, 1999
Information as an Asset
INFORMATION
KNOWLEDGE
Information can be managed as an asset.
Can knowledge be managed as an asset?
Knowledge Management/ Best Practices
Information as an Asset
KNOWLEDGE
WISDOM
Stage #4:
Stage #5:
Wisdom is the RIGHT application of knowledge.
ETHICS
Traditional Systems Model:
technology
people data/information
processes
System purpose
The Systems Model (revised):
relationships
Relationships:
Internal
External
The Extended Systems Model:
technology
people data/information
processes
System purpose
relationships
The Systems Model... For Structuring/informing Analysis
• Technology (hardware, software, infrastructure)
• Processes
• People
• Data/Information
• Relationships
(intra-organizational; inter-organizational)
The Systems Model...IT Asset Leadership
What are the IT assets of an organization?
• Technology assets
• Process assets
• People assets
• Data/Information assets
• Relationship assets
The Systems Model...IT Asset Leadership
Enterprise Design Challenges:
Complexity
•Integration of technologies
Pace of change and growth
Ubiquitous computing (anytime, anywhere)
Competitive demands
•Better, faster, cheaper
Huge resource investments
The Systems Model...
What is the difference between...
IT Management
IT Leadership
The Systems Model...
IT Leadership:
Direction Strategy
Trends Innovation
Exploiting IT
High-level view of organization
IT Asset Leadership
The Systems Model...
IT Leadership must understand
Organizational Impact of IT:
IT is changing the way organizations function, what they do, how people work in
those organizations, and even the very structure of organizations.
IT Asset Leadership
END