strategic overview: particle and particle astrophysics12/02/2005 spc meeting 31 exo: enriched xenon...

12/02/2005 SPC Meeting 1

Strategic Overview: Particle and Particle Astrophysics

Persis S. DrellDeputy DirectorDirector, Particle and Particle Astrophysics


Particle and Particle Astrophysics

Persis Drell, Director

KIPAC/Particle AstrophysicsR. Blandford

Director, KIPACAssistant Director PPA

S. KahnDeputy Director, KIPAC

Elementary Particle Physics Research

D. MacFarlaneAssistant Director PPA

SLAC BaBar ProgramB. Ratcliff

Theory Group M. Peskin

PEP-II and Linac Accelerator Systems

J. SeemanAssistant Director PPA

BaBar Collaboration Management

D. MacFarlaneW. Wisniewski

International Linear Collider

T. RaubenheimerAssistant Director PPA

GLAST ProjectL. Klaisner

Assistant Director PPA

Accelerator ResearchDrell (acting)

EXO IM. Breidenbach

Accelerator Research

Department BR. Siemann

Accelerator Research

Department AR. Ruth

KIPAC/PhysicsS. Allen

R. Blandford

SNAPW. Craig

SLAC/GLAST Physics

R. BlandfordE. Bloom

ComputingT. Abel

S. Marshall

LSST S. Kahn

K. GilmoreLCD

M. BreidenbachJ. Jaros

Advanced Computations Department

K. Ko

GLAST ISOCR. Cameron

Assistant to the Director

Nancy Crow

Staff Assistant Directors, PPA

C. ChangH. Lynch

ES&H Coordinator Frank O’Neil

Deputy Director, PPA

S. Williams


Time of Change for HEP Funded Programs as SLAC

Organizational ChangesProgrammatic ChangesCultural Changes

For this talkFocus on ProgramLater will discuss management and budget issues


An Exciting and Challenging Time in Field of Particle Physics

The Standard Model of quarks and leptons is fabulously successful---and fabulously incomplete

It only describes ~5% of the UniverseCompelling Questions confront us

Within this decade a new accelerator is coming on line with potential to make dramatic progress in our understanding

LHCWe are also developing the accelerator for discovery in the next decade: ILC

Non accelerator strategies essential components achieving our scientific goalsLong term health and future of the field of HEP relies on ILC

Excellent progress towards international realization of such a machine---but not a certainty

Budgets are very constrained


SLAC EPP Program: Exploiting the present and preparing for the future

Science now or soonB Factory (operations to 2008) (MacFarlane talk)GLAST (2007 – 2012/17)SLAC Participation in the LHC (2007 and beyond)Proof of principle experiments in accelerator research (Hogan talk)

R&D for science in the next decade (2010 and beyond)ILC (2016?) (Raubenheimer talk)LSST (first light 2012??)JDEM (20??) EXO (2012?? if R&D successful)

R&D for farther futureAccelerator Research

FFTB SABER

(Blandford talk)


Programmatic PrioritiesFor the near term:

We must focus on B-factory performance and delivery of science to our largest user community

For the mid term:We must continue in our leadership role for the ILC

Highest priority new facility for the world communityWe must complete GLAST construction and develop the ISOC

Deliver the science to the user communityWe must work to provide additional opportunities for science to the HEP user community in ~2012

e.g. LHC, LSST, EXO, JDEM,...For the long term:

The R&D in accelerator science is our hope for the future of the field

To make the next accelerator *after* the ILC technically feasible and affordable


Near Term Program: Science Now or Soon

B-factoryGLASTSLAC Participation in the LHC


B-Factory ProgramPEP-II Accelerator

Collides e+ and e- with unequal beam energies at ECM=10.58 GeVPremier tool for studying physics of heavy flavor

BaBar DetectorOptimized for B-physics at asymmetric energy colliderRun by International Collaboration of ~623 physicists from 80 institutions in 11 countries

Program of Rich PhysicsB-factory program operates until end of FY2008

Deliver to BaBar: 500fb-1 Summer 2006Ultimate goal: Deliver to BaBar: ~1ab-1 end of FY2008

Laboratory committed to delivering luminosity

Focused task force approach to ensure success

150179Total

3356Nov. 2005

35522004

28392003

5432<2003

BelleBABARJournal Papers


Machine Performance


GLASTGLAST: γ-ray Large Area Space Telescope

GLAST measures direction, energy and time of celestial gamma rays from 20MeV – 300 GeV

Gamma rays probe cosmological distances in a largely unexplored energy rangeGreat potential for Discoveries:

Fundamental Physics (dark matter,..)Cosmic Particle Acceleration (SNR, jets, ..)Physics of Relativistic Outflows (GRB’s, Pulsars, ..)

Joint Particle Physics/Particle Astrophysics ventureInvolves 5 nations, 9 funding agencies

Fabrication project has been challenging!Project successfully rebaselined summer 03 after CNES withdrew financial supportTransition to flight production much more painful than anticipated and production anomalies summer/fall led to second rebaselinewinter 05


Success!


16 Trackers in the Grid


..\My Documents\My Pictures\16Tower_rotated.gif


ACD Installed


GLAST Moving ForwardInstrument is assembled

ACD put on 11/23Final electronics boxes before x-masSteps planned to check out the instrument before ship to NRL

LAT complete and tested 1/05To NRL for environmental testing

Delivery to Observatory Integration 6/06

Mate with spacecraft and GBM and test

Launch 8/07Kennedy Space Flight Center

Focus at SLAC transitioning to build up of ISOC and preparation for science


SLAC Participation in LHCMotivations:

Energy frontier Physics. Synergy between LHC and ILC.Experience in detector and operations relevant for ILC.To maintain a healthy work force for ILC Strong user interest from traditional SLAC user communityOur experience on detector/computing are seen as valuable assets which could help ATLAS to prepare for the first physics at LHC. The M&S cost is moderate and should be able to fit more flexibly into the Lab budget.

Good synergy with existing LARP participationStrongly supported by our theory community


Proposed Areas of InvolvementSpecific proposal for SLAC participation in ATLAS developed under leadership of Su Dong and Charlie Young Four related items:

Pixel detector Trigger Simulation Tier 2 computing center

Simulation production Calibration. Primary location for physics analysis. A really functional Tier 2 requires much more than keeping a bunch of boxes running.

Proposal for SLAC to join ATLAS will be submitted to ATLAS collaboration in winter meetingAlso considered CMS option


Possible SLAC Physicist Profile

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Year

FTE

Trigger Simulation Pixel Analysis TBD


Impact on Other Programs and Recruitment

It is unavoidable that any new effort will impact other programs as they will share resources

Some impact acceptable if we believe that participating in ATLAS is important for the future of SLAC’s HEP program

It will be a challenge to work together to manage the impact in an on-going manner as programs evolve. A positive aspect of ATLAS participation is more good young people coming to SLAC.

ILC post-docs. BaBar post-docs. Graduate students.

Many HEP students did not choose Stanford this year because of lack of LHC program.


My View of the LHC Scientific Opportunity

I believe the LHC program supports our mission to do acceleratorbased research at the energy frontier

First look at science of ILCILC critically depends on success of LHC

I believe the vitality of our scientific program is greatly enhanced by this opportunityWe contribute to user community by helping to anchor west coast ‘consortium’ for ATLASLHC + GLAST anchor the SLAC HEP program in uncertain times

Flexibility in the futureMust remain clear about priorities:

Now: BaBar and GLASTFuture: ILC

We will never have the leadership role in the LHC as we potentially have for:

LSST, EXO, ILC/DA decision to go forward with LHC cannot diminish our fight to make those initiatives successful.


R&D for science in the next decade: 2010 and beyond

ILCLSSTJDEMEXO


ILCHigh Energy e+e- LC highest priority new machine for world community

SLAC has led field in development of LC design and technology

Champion of warm RF technology

How has the ‘cold’ technology choice impacted the lab?SLAC has always been committed to playing a leadership role in ILC independently of choice of RF technologySLAC has accelerator expertise in all subsystems of the colliderR&D program now restructured to address critical issues for cold machine

SLAC fully supports GDE effortSLAC staff are co-leading 4 of the technical subgroups


ILC Machine R&D activitiesRestructured R&D program to align with the cold decision

Accelerator Design and CDRe+e- sourcesDamping ring designBeam Delivery SystemInstrumentation and control systems

All being done as part of the coordinated GDE effortSome accelerator R&D may be directed for additional support

e.g. L-band power sourcesGoals for near term:

End of CY05: Select baseline configuration designEnd of CY06: CDR

Goals longer term:CY08/09: TDR


ILC Detector ProgramNeed to grow program of linear collider detector R&D

SLAC is working with LBNL and FNAL to provide opportunities for user community to engage

Simulation EffortSupports national and international effort

Concept development for a detector based on SiliconOne of several approaches in the community

Effort is investment limited—particularly engineeringOpportunities to grow with GLAST roll off


LSST-Large Synoptic Survey Telescope

8.4 m ground based telescope

Wide field of viewWeak lensing survey of entire skyDark matter power density spectrumConstraints on Dark Energy

Proposed as joint DOE/NSF project

SLAC lead lab on camera developmentFirst light ~2012

R&D effort growing with GLAST roll off

* Dark matter and dark energy with weak lensing Full LSST survey will cover 20,000 square degrees, and resolve over 4 billion high-redshift (z ≤ 3) galaxies!

* Dark matter and dark energy with

supernovaeLSST will detect 250,000 type I-a supernovae (z ≤ 1) per year!

* Cluster survey and baryon

oscillations.

* Gravitational micro-lensing.

* Strong galaxy & cluster lensing:

physics of dark matter.

* Multi-image lensed SN time delays:

separate test of cosmology.

* QSO time delays vs z: independent

test of dark energy.


The LSST Collaboration

Brookhaven National Laboratory

Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics

Johns Hopkins University

Las Cumbres Observatory

Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory

National Optical Astronomy Observatory

Ohio State University

Pennsylvania State University

Research Corporation

Stanford Linear Accelerator Center

Stanford University

University of Arizona

University of California, Davis

University of Illinois

University of Pennsylvania

University of Washington


2m

3.2 Giga-Pixel10 µm CCD Array3.5° FOV

LSST Camera(shown with the secondary mirror of

the telescope)


JDEM/SNAP2m space based telescope—LBNL lead labStudy high z SNe Dark Energy

Weak Gravitational lensingDark Matter

Strong Lensing Small scale structure

Joint project DOE and NASA

SLAC involvement in OCU and possibly electronics

R&D effort growing with GLAST roll off


EXO: Enriched Xenon ObservatorySearch for ββ0ν decay in 136Xe-->136Ba++ e- e-

EXO PhilosophyExcellent energy resolution (separates ββ0ν from ββ2ν)Positive ID Ba Ion (Ba tagging)

Strategy:Currently EXO 200 is being built

Study detector performance (no Ba+ tagging)Look at backgroundsMeasure 2νββ mode with 1-2 year runSensitivity of ~0.2 eV to 0νββ mode

Continue R&D on Ba tagging for next 2-3 yearsIn parallel with EXO 200 operations

Successful R&D would lead to proposal for full EXO (ton scale experiment)

EXO goal: <mνe>~10’s of meV


Strategic Elements of Accelerator Research

Accelerator Research for Future MachinesHigh Gradient Studies for CLIC type machineDevelopment of L-band power sources for ILC

Proof of Principle Studies of New Acceleration Mechanisms:Plasma AccelerationLaser Acceleration


Accelerator Research for Future Machines

Accelerator Research for ILC We are developing plans for R&D effort into alternative sources of L-band power for ILC

Plug and play replacement to multi beam klystron at lower costMore innovative technologies: high risk but high gain

High Gradient R&D for e+e- colliders past the ILC

National program being encouraged by DOERedirecting some of resources (people) from warm RF R&D to these efforts


Proof of Principle Studies of New Acceleration Mechanisms

Accelerator ResearchE164/E164X running successfully (Plasma wake field acceleration)

Talk by Mark HoganLimited by finite lifetime of FFTB

Laser acceleration experiment progressing in NLCTA

Demonstrate and develop new methods for accelerating electrons with laser radiation using solid-state structuresFirst runs this year

e-ion column

F = -eEz


SABERSABER (FFTB replacement) in proposal development

White paper outlining science case and project description to DOE this week


SABER Scientific OpportunitiesPlasma Wakefield Acceleration and Beam-Plasma Physics

Continuation of successful plasma acceleration programExtend to positrons

Magnetism and Solid State PhysicsUse intense E and B fields associated with the electron bunchesStudies of ultra-fast magnetization dynamics

Intense THz Light Source for Surface ChemistrySABER can produce ultra-short pulse of coherent THz radiationStudies of dissociation of aligned molecules at a surface & other surface chemistry experiments

Laboratory Astrophysics ExperimentsCalibration of cosmic ray observational techniquesStudies of dynamics of jet-plasma interactions

Inverse Compton Scattered BeamPhoton energies to 18 GeV


SABER Parameters

2 m from last quadrupole to focal point. Approximately 23 m from focal point to Arc 3 magnets. This space will be available for experimental use and for the dump line system, depending on user requirements. Further expansion is possible by removing unused arc magnets downstream.

Drift space available for experimental apparatus

0Momentum dispersion at IP (η and η’)

4 % full width with full compression.Momentum spread

10 μm nominal(5.2 x 5.4 μm achieved in computer simulations).

Spot size at IP (σx,y)

30 μmPulse length at IP (σz)

2 x 1010 (3 nC) electrons or positrons per pulse.Charge per pulse

Adjustable up to 30 GeV nominal. 28.5 GeV when the Bypass Line is used concurrently with PEP-II operation.

Energy


Looking Forward: The Mission for SLAC PPA Post BaBar

Our scientific mission looking forward has two major elements:

Accelerator based research at the energy frontierILC, LCD, LHC, Accelerator Research

Investigations of Dark Matter and Dark Energy (non-accelerator)

GLAST, LSST, JDEMIn addition:

We are committed to full exploitation of the B-Factory investment and the BaBar data setWe are doing R&D to develop a ‘best in class’experiment to determine the fundamental nature of the electron neutrino—EXOKIPAC is developing particle astrophysics in other directions that will be funded by NASA


Summary

Enormous opportunities for world class science at SLACSLAC’s programs and leadership central to national and international effortPrograms are science driven, innovative, flexible and responsive to scientific drivers