strategic partnerships

What Works: Effective What Works: Effective Housing StrategiesHousing Strategies

Ann V. DentonAnn V. Denton

Advocates for Human Advocates for Human PotentialPotential

Advocates for Human Potential, InAdvocates for Human Potential, Inc.c.

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Strategies to End Chronic Strategies to End Chronic HomelessnessHomelessness

In general terms, recommended strategies In general terms, recommended strategies to end chronic homelessness include:to end chronic homelessness include: Effective discharge planningEffective discharge planning Outreach and effective engagement of people Outreach and effective engagement of people

who become homelesswho become homeless Permanent Supportive Housing (PSM)Permanent Supportive Housing (PSM) Evidence based and exemplary practicesEvidence based and exemplary practices Access to mainstream servicesAccess to mainstream services


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Strategies to End Chronic Strategies to End Chronic HomelessnessHomelessness

None of these strategies will be effective None of these strategies will be effective alone, and must be adopted as part of an alone, and must be adopted as part of an overall action plan. overall action plan.

Today, we will consider the development of Today, we will consider the development of a specific Permanent Supportive Housing a specific Permanent Supportive Housing action plan. action plan.


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Permanent Supportive Housing:Permanent Supportive Housing:Concepts and DefinitionsConcepts and Definitions

Permanent Supportive Housing is Permanent Supportive Housing is a concept that includes all forms a concept that includes all forms of housing for people with of housing for people with disabilities.disabilities.


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Permanent Supportive Permanent Supportive Housing:Housing:

Concepts and DefinitionsConcepts and Definitions

Permanent Supportive Housing Permanent Supportive Housing includes the development includes the development (construction) of housing for this (construction) of housing for this purpose.purpose.


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Permanent Supportive Housing Permanent Supportive Housing includes the use of housing subsidies includes the use of housing subsidies either to operate housing that is either to operate housing that is constructed/operated for this constructed/operated for this purpose, or to provide tenant based purpose, or to provide tenant based rental subsidies for scattered site rental subsidies for scattered site options.options.


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Permanent Supportive Housing Permanent Supportive Housing includes funding for supports and includes funding for supports and services needed and voluntarily services needed and voluntarily accepted by residents of housing. accepted by residents of housing.


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One definition that encompasses these One definition that encompasses these multiple activities under one multiple activities under one umbrella was offered by umbrella was offered by Opening Opening Doors, Doors, from the Technical Assistance from the Technical Assistance Collaborative and the Consortium of Collaborative and the Consortium of Citizens with Disabilities.Citizens with Disabilities.


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“… “… decent, safe and affordable decent, safe and affordable community-based housing that provides community-based housing that provides residents with the rights of tenancy residents with the rights of tenancy under state/local landlord tenant laws under state/local landlord tenant laws and is linked to voluntary and flexible and is linked to voluntary and flexible supports and services designed to supports and services designed to meets residents’ needs and meets residents’ needs and preferences.” preferences.”

Opening Doors, January 2003, Issue 20Opening Doors, January 2003, Issue 20


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PSH is important to many groups—the PSH is important to many groups—the Olmstead Supreme Court decision Olmstead Supreme Court decision stated that the clinically unwarranted stated that the clinically unwarranted segregation of people with segregation of people with disabilities is a violation of the disabilities is a violation of the Americans with Disabilities Act.Americans with Disabilities Act.


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PSH is effective for people—there is PSH is effective for people—there is new research validating the new research validating the importance of housing for people importance of housing for people with mental illnesses and co-with mental illnesses and co-occurring disorders.occurring disorders.


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Finally, PSH is important as part of the Finally, PSH is important as part of the plan to end homelessness in our plan to end homelessness in our communities. communities.

PSH is a vital part of recovery for people PSH is a vital part of recovery for people with significant functional with significant functional impairments. impairments.


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Concepts and DefinitionsConcepts and DefinitionsPSH can include a full range of PSH can include a full range of

activities including:activities including: Construction of housing (using both Construction of housing (using both

integrated and congregated approaches)integrated and congregated approaches) Operation and support for the housing Operation and support for the housing

(on-site management or emergency (on-site management or emergency support for landlords)support for landlords)

Subsidies to make housing affordable in Subsidies to make housing affordable in congregated and scattered site models.congregated and scattered site models.


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Concepts and DefinitionsConcepts and DefinitionsHow, when, and where to implement How, when, and where to implement

permanent supportive housing, and permanent supportive housing, and the form that housing should take in the form that housing should take in YOUR community, can be YOUR community, can be determined by the housing market, determined by the housing market, leadership within the community, leadership within the community, and the wishes of tenants, providers, and the wishes of tenants, providers, families, and other stakeholders.families, and other stakeholders.


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Best PracticesBest Practices

PSH can be provided in many PSH can be provided in many ways, but the unifying steps ways, but the unifying steps include a way to make the include a way to make the housing affordable, a real link to housing affordable, a real link to services and supports, and a services and supports, and a genuine choice. genuine choice.


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The key to PSH is strategic The key to PSH is strategic partnerships that cross agency partnerships that cross agency boundaries at State and local boundaries at State and local levels to create increased levels to create increased numbers of PSH units. numbers of PSH units.


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Best PracticesBest PracticesPartnerships focused on housing for people with Partnerships focused on housing for people with

serious mental illness have taken many forms, serious mental illness have taken many forms, including:including:

Service providers manage or develop housingService providers manage or develop housing Advocacy groups manage or develop housingAdvocacy groups manage or develop housing Parents develop housingParents develop housing Consumers manage or develop housingConsumers manage or develop housing Non-profit sponsors develop housingNon-profit sponsors develop housing For-profit companies develop housing.For-profit companies develop housing.


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Every strategic partnership is different—Every strategic partnership is different—based on local need and the personalities based on local need and the personalities and organizational agendas involved. and organizational agendas involved.

If you’ve seen one, you’ve seen one!If you’ve seen one, you’ve seen one!


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Permanent Supportive Permanent Supportive Housing: Housing:

Best PracticesBest PracticesBuilding Communities CollaborativeBuilding Communities Collaborative

Columbus, OhioColumbus, Ohio

Partners:Partners:

City of Columbus, Columbus Board of Realtors, Lutheran Social City of Columbus, Columbus Board of Realtors, Lutheran Social Services, St. Stephen’s Community House, Public Children Services, St. Stephen’s Community House, Public Children Services Assn of Ohio, Franklin Co. Dept of Human Services, Services Assn of Ohio, Franklin Co. Dept of Human Services, Ohio Dept. of Human Services, The Enterprise Foundation.Ohio Dept. of Human Services, The Enterprise Foundation.

Projects developed by the Columbus Housing Partnership (a Projects developed by the Columbus Housing Partnership (a non-profit CDC) and managed by Ebner Real Estate non-profit CDC) and managed by Ebner Real Estate Management.Management.


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Permanent Supportive Permanent Supportive Housing: Best PracticesHousing: Best Practices

Building Communities CollaborativeBuilding Communities CollaborativeColumbus, OhioColumbus, Ohio

Program or Project:Program or Project: Mwanza Place Mwanza Place 24 units in 12 duplexes24 units in 12 duplexes Each unit has three bedroomsEach unit has three bedrooms Each unit and the entire complex was Each unit and the entire complex was

rehabilitated by the Columbus Housing rehabilitated by the Columbus Housing Partnership.Partnership.


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Building Communities CollaborativeBuilding Communities Collaborative

Columbus, OhioColumbus, Ohio

Target Population:Target Population: Households of low income Households of low income with “multiple dysfunctional issues”.with “multiple dysfunctional issues”.


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Mental Health Housing Development Mental Health Housing Development CorporationCorporation

Ft. Worth, TexasFt. Worth, Texas

Description:Description: Non-profit community development Non-profit community development corporation developed under the leadership of the corporation developed under the leadership of the Mental Health Association of Tarrant County.Mental Health Association of Tarrant County.

Partners:Partners: MHHDC, the Ft. Worth Housing Authority, MHHDC, the Ft. Worth Housing Authority, MHMR Services of Tarrant County, the Mental MHMR Services of Tarrant County, the Mental Health Association of Tarrant County.Health Association of Tarrant County.


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Mental Health Housing Development CorporationMental Health Housing Development CorporationFt. Worth, TexasFt. Worth, Texas

Project or Program:Project or Program: Hanratty Place – 32 unit apartment building renovated with Hanratty Place – 32 unit apartment building renovated with

conventional financing and leased with rental assistance from the conventional financing and leased with rental assistance from the PHA.PHA.

Spanish Gate – 98 unit apartment building renovated with HOME Spanish Gate – 98 unit apartment building renovated with HOME and Housing Trust Fund dollars.and Housing Trust Fund dollars.

Pennsylvania Place – 125 unit apartment building constructed Pennsylvania Place – 125 unit apartment building constructed using tax credit financing, HOME funds and conventional using tax credit financing, HOME funds and conventional financing.financing.


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Mental Health Housing Development Mental Health Housing Development CorporationCorporation

Ft. Worth, TexasFt. Worth, Texas

Project or Program:Project or Program:

All properties managed or owned by MHHDC are operated as All properties managed or owned by MHHDC are operated as integrated settings. No more than 50% of the units are integrated settings. No more than 50% of the units are leased to people with mental illness. Up to 50% of the units leased to people with mental illness. Up to 50% of the units are leased to low income residents of Ft. Worth.are leased to low income residents of Ft. Worth.


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Shore-EasyShore-Easy

New Jersey (four communities in coastal area)New Jersey (four communities in coastal area)

Description:Description: State-led effort to end abuses in unlicensed and State-led effort to end abuses in unlicensed and run down boarding homes. Included State purchase of run down boarding homes. Included State purchase of boarding homes, State funded renovation of selected boarding homes, State funded renovation of selected boarding homes, increased funding for monitoring and boarding homes, increased funding for monitoring and enforcement, funding for planning, and a commitment of $25 enforcement, funding for planning, and a commitment of $25 million in “bridge” funds for permanent housing and related million in “bridge” funds for permanent housing and related services, ongoing commitment of funds previously used to services, ongoing commitment of funds previously used to support a State hospital, capital development bond funds, support a State hospital, capital development bond funds, and Section 8 resources. and Section 8 resources.


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Shore-EasyShore-Easy

New Jersey (four communities in coastal New Jersey (four communities in coastal area)area)

Partners:Partners: NJ Department of Human Services, NJ Department NJ Department of Human Services, NJ Department of Community Affairs, NJ Governor’s Office, NJ Housing and of Community Affairs, NJ Governor’s Office, NJ Housing and Mortgage Finance Agency, NJ Department of Health, Mortgage Finance Agency, NJ Department of Health, numerous providers, consumer groups, resident councils, numerous providers, consumer groups, resident councils, family groups, neighborhood groups.family groups, neighborhood groups.


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Shore-EasyShore-EasyNew Jersey (four communities in coastal area)New Jersey (four communities in coastal area)

Project or Program:Project or Program: Five rooming houses purchased, residents relocated, structures Five rooming houses purchased, residents relocated, structures

demolished. demolished. $68 million dollars (funds from closed state hospital) were spent $68 million dollars (funds from closed state hospital) were spent

to develop PACT teams, intensive case managements, make to develop PACT teams, intensive case managements, make direct placements, provide supportive housing, fund self-help direct placements, provide supportive housing, fund self-help centers, etc.centers, etc.

$14.9 million capital bond funding resulted in 281 new $14.9 million capital bond funding resulted in 281 new “placements”“placements”

157 Section 8 certificates provided to eligible individuals 157 Section 8 certificates provided to eligible individuals


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San Antonio Alliance for the Mentally IllSan Antonio Alliance for the Mentally Ill

San Antonio, TexasSan Antonio, Texas

Partners:Partners: San Antonio Alliance for the Mentally Ill, San San Antonio Alliance for the Mentally Ill, San Antonio Housing Authority, Urban Ministries, Inc., Center for Antonio Housing Authority, Urban Ministries, Inc., Center for Health Care ServicesHealth Care Services

Project or Program:Project or Program:

Three Section 811 projects constructed in San Antonio, no on-Three Section 811 projects constructed in San Antonio, no on-site staff, but services and supports provided by local site staff, but services and supports provided by local mental health authority. Units = 100.mental health authority. Units = 100.


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Best Practices Best Practices

An emerging concept within the An emerging concept within the Permanent Supportive Housing Permanent Supportive Housing umbrella is what is known as umbrella is what is known as “housing first” or “supported “housing first” or “supported housing” activities.housing” activities.


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Best PracticesBest PracticesHousing First provides housing to individuals Housing First provides housing to individuals

when they say they wish to have housing. when they say they wish to have housing. These activities can be identified by a high These activities can be identified by a high degree of choice, integration, and degree of choice, integration, and community inclusion.community inclusion.

Housing First activities are identified by the Housing First activities are identified by the use of scattered sites, often with private use of scattered sites, often with private market landlords.market landlords.


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Housing First activities typically Housing First activities typically provide housing to persons with provide housing to persons with significant functional impairments significant functional impairments without requiring a demonstration of without requiring a demonstration of housing readiness.housing readiness.


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Best PracticesBest PracticesPermanent Supportive Housing is an Permanent Supportive Housing is an

important tool for communities in important tool for communities in ending chronic homelessness. ending chronic homelessness.

Indeed, it has been said that housing is Indeed, it has been said that housing is a necessary (but perhaps not a necessary (but perhaps not sufficient) condition to ending sufficient) condition to ending homelessness. homelessness.


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Unifying ConceptsUnifying Concepts

CHOICECHOICE


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Operationalizing Choice: Operationalizing Choice:

Identifying Personal Preferences and Values – Identifying Personal Preferences and Values – Where do you want to live?Where do you want to live? Alone or with family, friendsAlone or with family, friends Location and neighborhood typeLocation and neighborhood type Size of unitSize of unit Maintenance requirementsMaintenance requirements Proximity to specific services, public transportationProximity to specific services, public transportation Maximum monthly rent and utilities.Maximum monthly rent and utilities.


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Unifying ConceptsUnifying ConceptsOperationalizing Choice - Operationalizing Choice - Identifying Support Needs:Identifying Support Needs:

Apartment search, acquisition and set-upApartment search, acquisition and set-up Landlord negotiationsLandlord negotiations Credit, references, depositsCredit, references, deposits Arrange utilities, phone, insuranceArrange utilities, phone, insurance FurnishingsFurnishings HousekeepingHousekeeping Food shopping and preparationFood shopping and preparation Financial managementFinancial management Medication managementMedication management Accessing natural supportsAccessing natural supports TransportationTransportation Medical care.Medical care.


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INTEGRATIONINTEGRATION


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A key indicator of integration is mixing A key indicator of integration is mixing various populations – diversity in income various populations – diversity in income and a mix of labeled and unlabeled people. and a mix of labeled and unlabeled people. Mixed incomes as a guiding principle comes Mixed incomes as a guiding principle comes from the affordable housing industry.from the affordable housing industry.

True integration is completely scattered site True integration is completely scattered site housing.housing.


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RECOVERYRECOVERY


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Recovery is:Recovery is:An ongoing dynamic interractional process that An ongoing dynamic interractional process that

occurs between a person’s strengths, occurs between a person’s strengths, vulnerabilities, resources, and the environment. vulnerabilities, resources, and the environment.

It involves a personal journey of actively self-It involves a personal journey of actively self-managing psychiatric disorder while reclaiming, managing psychiatric disorder while reclaiming, gaining and maintaining a positive sense of self, gaining and maintaining a positive sense of self, roles, and life beyond the mental health system, roles, and life beyond the mental health system, in spite of the challenge of psychiatric disability.in spite of the challenge of psychiatric disability.


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Recovery is NOT:Recovery is NOT:

A CureA Cure

All Symptoms RemovedAll Symptoms Removed

All Struggling CeasedAll Struggling Ceased

All Functioning Returned.All Functioning Returned.


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Action PlanAction Plan

The importance of safe, decent, The importance of safe, decent, affordable housing cannot be affordable housing cannot be overemphasized as a key part of overemphasized as a key part of community strategies to end chronic community strategies to end chronic homelessness.homelessness.


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Action PlanAction PlanThe facts include:The facts include: People usually prefer to live in a place People usually prefer to live in a place

of their ownof their own Many people who are chronically Many people who are chronically

homeless have disabling conditionshomeless have disabling conditions People with disabilities often survive People with disabilities often survive

on Supplemental Security Income on Supplemental Security Income (SSI).(SSI).


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Action PlanAction PlanBegin with the end in mind!Begin with the end in mind!

What is your goal? What is your goal? Increased housing optionsIncreased housing options Expanded residential treatment Expanded residential treatment

programsprograms Transitional housingTransitional housing Permanent housing.Permanent housing.


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Action PlanAction PlanDraw a map of housing needs within the Draw a map of housing needs within the

population you want to serve.population you want to serve. How many people do you want to serve?How many people do you want to serve? How many of those just need rental assistance?How many of those just need rental assistance? How many need residential treatment?How many need residential treatment? Do any people need long term supervised Do any people need long term supervised

care?care? How many can use rental assistance in How many can use rental assistance in

combination with intensive supports and combination with intensive supports and services?services?


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Action PlanAction PlanAssessing Need:Assessing Need:

What is the estimated size of the What is the estimated size of the chronically homeless group? chronically homeless group? How many units of existing housing How many units of existing housing

should you target?should you target? How many units would you like to How many units would you like to

develop for this group?develop for this group?


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What is the estimated size of the What is the estimated size of the Olmstead group?Olmstead group? Number of existing housing units?Number of existing housing units? Number of units for development?Number of units for development?


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What is the number of people in long What is the number of people in long term mental health services?term mental health services? How many need housing financial How many need housing financial

support?support? How many need housing and services?How many need housing and services?


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What is the number of people in long What is the number of people in long term care systems? term care systems? How many of those individuals need How many of those individuals need

housing units through rental assistance housing units through rental assistance or development?or development?


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Action PlanAction PlanAssessing Need: Estimation is the Assessing Need: Estimation is the

Key!Key!


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Action PlanAction PlanAssessing Need: Services and SupportsAssessing Need: Services and Supports

MedicaidMedicaid

MedicareMedicare

Mental health servicesMental health services

Substance abuse servicesSubstance abuse services

Independent living centers.Independent living centers.


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Action PlanAction PlanResources for housing:Resources for housing: HUD Continuum of Care, ESG, and HUD Continuum of Care, ESG, and

HOPWAHOPWA HUD mainstream programs (ConPlan, HUD mainstream programs (ConPlan,

PHA)PHA) DOA housing programs DOA housing programs Low Income Housing Tax Credits.Low Income Housing Tax Credits.


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Action PlanAction PlanHUD Continuum of Care, ESG, and HOPWAHUD Continuum of Care, ESG, and HOPWA Continuum of Care: Local planning Continuum of Care: Local planning

process and state-level process designed process and state-level process designed to end homelessness.to end homelessness.

Emergency Shelter Grants: Provide Emergency Shelter Grants: Provide operations, maintenance, and services operations, maintenance, and services funding for emergency shelters. Also used funding for emergency shelters. Also used for homelessness prevention.for homelessness prevention.

HOPWA: Housing for people with AIDS.HOPWA: Housing for people with AIDS.


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Action PlanAction PlanDepartment of Agriculture - Department of Agriculture - Multi-family Multi-family

Housing Development Housing Development

Rural Rental Housing - Direct Loans (S.515)Rural Rental Housing - Direct Loans (S.515)The Rural Housing Service makes direct, very low The Rural Housing Service makes direct, very low

interest loans to developers of affordable rural multi-interest loans to developers of affordable rural multi-family rental housing.family rental housing.

Rural Rental Housing Guaranteed Loan Rural Rental Housing Guaranteed Loan ProgramProgram

In this program, the Rural Housing Service guarantees In this program, the Rural Housing Service guarantees up to 90% of the amount of a loan from a private up to 90% of the amount of a loan from a private lender to a developer of affordable housing.lender to a developer of affordable housing.


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Action PlanAction PlanDepartment of Agriculture – Multifamily Department of Agriculture – Multifamily

Housing ProgramsHousing Programs Farm Labor HousingFarm Labor Housing

Low interest loans and grants are made to public and Low interest loans and grants are made to public and non-profit organizations, or to individual farmers, for non-profit organizations, or to individual farmers, for the construction of farm labor housing.the construction of farm labor housing.

Housing Preservation Grant ProgramHousing Preservation Grant ProgramGrants are made to non-profits, local governments, and Grants are made to non-profits, local governments, and

tribes to renovate existing low-income multi-family tribes to renovate existing low-income multi-family units. Funds can also be used to repair single family units. Funds can also be used to repair single family homes.homes.

http://www.rurdev.usda.gov/ok/http://www.rurdev.usda.gov/ok/


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Action PlanAction PlanLow Income Housing Tax CreditsLow Income Housing Tax Credits Excellent development toolExcellent development tool Controlled by state housing agencyControlled by state housing agency Highly competitive process – look at Highly competitive process – look at

adjusting provisions in the Qualified adjusting provisions in the Qualified Allocation Plan (QAP) to increase chances Allocation Plan (QAP) to increase chances for proposals serving lowest income for proposals serving lowest income groups. groups.

strategic partnerships

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