strategies for construction waste reduction_pusit 180156_2

7/24/2019 Strategies for Construction Waste Reduction_Pusit 180156_2

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S. Kittiwararat and P. Lertwattanaruk 81

30 0.5

180 USEPA

Abstract

Growth of construction industry and expansion of small residential projects cause an increase in construc-

tion waste. According to previous research, construction debris frequently makes up approximately 30% of the

waste received at many landfill sites. In Bangkok, construction wastes account for approximately 0.5% of all

wastes generated each day. This research studied the factors causing architectural wastes generated by the

design process and project operation of small residential building project. Research methods included the

analysis of construction drawings of the model houses, and the material balance method for calculating the

waste generated from the design process and project operation. The physical survey and interview according

to USEPA principles were included. The guidelines for project administration to reduce construction wastes from

sources and to enhance the construction process were presented. It was found that the ceiling works caused

the most construction material waste in the design process. Consequently, better management of construction

materials and project planning can reduce construction waste in construction sites.

Strategies for Construction Waste Reduction in Small Residential Buildings

*Sucha Kittiwararat and Pusit Lertwattanaruk*

12121Faculty of Architecture and Planning, Thammasat University, Pathumthani, 12121, Thailand

*E-mail: [email protected]


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JARS 9(2). 201282

Keywords

(Strategies) (Construction Waste) (Reduction)

(Residential Building) (Architecture)


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1.

1.1

30 40 (Chen & Wong, 2002) 300 0.5 (Pollution Control Department,2010)

Poon et al.

(2003) 1 (Chen & Wong, 2002) (finishing) 20

(USEPA, 1988)

(United States Environmental Protection USEPA) (Source Reduction) 2 (Recycle)

1.

2. USEPA

3.

1.2

(Hanisch, 1991) Chen & Wong (2002) 10 30 10 30

1

2

:Kokkaew, 2002

7.10%

8.90%

10.10%

13.10%

13.30%

20.00%

27.50%7.10%

8.90%

10.10%

13.10%

13.30%

20.00%

27.50%

Waste Minimization

Source Reduction

Recycling


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JARS 9(2). 201284

1.3 (Karim & Marosszeky, 1999) 4

3 (Faniran & Caban, 1998) 12 1

(Gavilan & Bernold, 1994)

3: Karim & Marosszeky (1999)


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1.4

(Ferguson et al., 1995)

1. (Reduction)

2. (Reuse)

3. (Recycle) (secondary aggregate)

4. (Disposal)

(Gavilan &Bernold, 1994) 4

1.5 USEPA

United States Environmental Protection

Agency USEPA (Waste Minimization) 2 1. Source Reduction

2. Recycle (Reclamation) USEPA Source Reduction Recycle (RelativeEnvironmental Desirability) (Source Reduction)5 2

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

9.

10.

11.

12.

1


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JARS 9(2). 201286

1.5.1 (Source Control) 3 1. Input Material Change 1) (Material Purification)

2) (MaterialSubstitution)

2. Technology Change

1) (Pro-cess Change) 2) (Equipment or Layout Changes)

3) (Automation) 4) (Changein Operation Setting) (FlowRate)

4 (Flow Pattern of Construction Materials on Site)

5

: Gavilan & Bernold, 1994

: USEPA, 1988

- Material Purifacation

- Material Substitution

- Process Change

- Equipment or Layout

Change

- Additional Automation

- Change in Operation

Setting

- Procedural Measures

- Loss Prevention

- Management Practice

- Waste Stream Segregation

- Material Handling Improvment

- Procuction Scheduling

Source Reduction

Input Material

Changes

Technology

Changes

Good Operating

Practices

Source Control Production Changes


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3. Good Operation Practices USEPA

1) (ProceduralMeasures) 2) (Loss Prevention) 3) (Management Practices)

4) (MaterialHandling)

5) (Product ionScheduling)

1.5.2 (Production Change)

(Change in Product Composition)(Product Substitution)

2.

(Shop Drawing)

USEPA

180 2 (purposive sampling) 2

(Peungdokmai, 2002)

2.1

5 3 1) 2) 3) (Construction Control Technique)

2.2

(Shop Drawing)


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JARS 9(2). 201288

3

: 50 x 50 12 x 12

19.1 x 128 :

12 x 12 :

1.2 x 2.4 4

6 7

3.

3.1 3

=

x100

61

72


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1

3.2 1 5.83 5.67 4.80

Metal Sheet

Metal Sheet

Metal Sheet

-

3.1.1 2

3.1.2 3

3.1.3 1

2

3


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JARS 9(2). 201290

7.47

1 5.09 5.04 4 2 5 5.33

5.06 4.57 1 7.86

1

4.

6 USEPA

(..)

(..)

38.30 2.18 5.70

1 3.37 0.17 5.04

42.79 2.40 5.602 4.42 0.29 6.56

88.88 5.04 5.67

1 16.81 0.72 4.27

2 16.77 0.90 5.38

33.58 1.62 4.80

97.26 7.27 7.47 (.) 218.9 11.15 5.09

316.16 18.42 5.83

(..)

(..)

39.97 1.69 4.23

1 4.31 0.07 1.62

40.20 2.11 5.25

2 3.58 0.15 4.19

88.06 4.02 4.57

1 16.93 0.92 5.42

2 17.85 0.84 4.71

34.78 1.76 5.06

133.95 10.53 7.86

412 18.58 4.51

545.95 29.11 5.33

4 1

5 2


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USEPA

4- -

-

-

-

- - -

-

- MaterialSubstitution

- Change in

Operation Setting

- Procedural

Measures

- Management

Practices

- Production Change

5 - - -

-

-

-

- -

-

-

- Material

Substitution

- Change in

Operation Setting

- Procedural

Measures

- Management

Practices

- Production Change

3 - - - -

- Material

Substitution

- Production Change

2 - --

-

-

-

--

-

-

-

- Material

Substitution

- Process Change

- Layout Change

- Procedural

Measures

- Management

Practices

- Production Change

1 -

-

-

- -

-

- Material

Substitution

- Layout Change

- Change in

Operation Setting

- Procedural

Measures

- Management

Practices

- Production Change

6 - - - -

- Production Change

6 USEPA


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JARS 9(2). 201292

4.1

4.5 5.6 (Source Reduction) USEPA

(Source Control)

(Good Operating Practices)

(Pro-cedural Measure) (Manage-ment Practices)

USEPA (Product Substitution)

4.2

4.8 5.1

(Source Reduction) (Source Control) ()

(Process Change)(Layout Change) 1

(Good Operating Practices) (ProductSubstitution)


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4.3

5.3 5.8 (Source Reduction) USEPA(Source Control)

1.20 x 2.40

(Layout Change)

2 1

(Good Operating Practices) (Product Substitution)

2554 ()


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JARS 9(2) 201294

References

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Automation in Construction, 1(5), 521533.

Faniran, O. O., & Caban, G. (1998). Minimizing waste on construction project sites. Engineering Constructionand Architectural Management, 5(2), 182-188.

Ferguson, J., Kermode, N., Nash, C. L., Sketch, W. A. J., & Huxford, R. P. (1995). Managing and minimizing

construction waste: A practical guide.Institute of Civil Engineers, London.

Gavilan, R. M., & Bernold, L. E. (1994). Source evaluation of solid waste in building construction. Journal of

Construction Engineering and Management, 120(3), 536-552.

Hanisch, J. (1991). Aspects of processing techniques for recycling of bulk material. Mineral Processing, 32(1),

10-17.

Karim, K., & Marosszeky, M. (1999). Waste minimisation in comercial construction: A handbook for training of

supervisors.Australian Centre for Construction Innovation, New South Wales.

Kokkaew, N. (2002). [A study of a guidelinefor minimizing construction waste in Thailand]. Master of Engineering Thesis, Faculty of Engineering,

Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.

National Statistical Office of Thailand. (2004). [Survey of theconstruction industry in Thailand]. Bangkok, Thailand: Author.

Peungdokmai, K. (2002). [A methodology for forecastingconstruction waste generated on sites]. Master of Engineering Thesis, Faculty of Engineering,

Thammasat University, Pathumthani, Thailand.

Pollution Control Department. (2010). [Types andquantity of wastes in Bangkok]. Retrieved August, 11, 2010, from http://www.pcd.go.th/count/wastedl.

cfm?FileName=waste_volumn.xls

Poon, C. S., Yu, Ann T. W., & Ng, L. H. (2003). Comparison of low-waste building technologies adopted in

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