Strategy for Strategy for stepping up coal stepping up coal production in CILproduction in CIL

By – 1. A K By – 1. A K DebnathDebnath

2. S.K. Dubey2. S.K. Dubey

INTRODUCTIONINTRODUCTION Pursuit of quantity & quality-wise affordable and reliable Pursuit of quantity & quality-wise affordable and reliable

source of energy is presenting unprecedented economic, source of energy is presenting unprecedented economic, social and environmental challenges. social and environmental challenges.

In India, coal provides about 52% of the commercial In India, coal provides about 52% of the commercial energy and 67% of the electricity generation is coal energy and 67% of the electricity generation is coal based. based.

Massive need for coal availability to a level of over 2 Massive need for coal availability to a level of over 2 billion tonnes / annum based on domestic quality of coal. billion tonnes / annum based on domestic quality of coal.

Availability of lesser amount of coal indigenously, forcing Availability of lesser amount of coal indigenously, forcing increasing import of coal with time, is a matter of increasing import of coal with time, is a matter of concern.concern.

Burgeoning coal demand-supply gap necessitates Coal Burgeoning coal demand-supply gap necessitates Coal India Limited to come up with further initiatives for India Limited to come up with further initiatives for stepping up coal production.stepping up coal production.

This necessities pro-active strategies for bridging the gap This necessities pro-active strategies for bridging the gap to the extent possible.to the extent possible.

PROJECTED DEMANDPROJECTED DEMAND

Particulars

Demand in Terminal year of XI Plan i.e.

2011-12

Projected demand in terminal year of XII Plan (16-17) as per the WG for XII Plan period (in Mt)

Original

estimate

Mid Term

Appraisal

Actual

Total (Mt)

731.10 713.24634.3

5980.5

Projected Coal demand in XI and XIIProjected Coal demand in XI and XII

PROJECTED AVAILABILITYPROJECTED AVAILABILITY

ParticularsProduction (Mt) in terminal year of XII

Plan under ‘Optimistic Scenario’

Projected coal production (Mt)

795

o Delivering of requisite clearances within specified Delivering of requisite clearances within specified time schedule and addressing issues affecting time schedule and addressing issues affecting land acquisition, R&R, law & order and land acquisition, R&R, law & order and infrastructures for coal evacuation, effectively, in a infrastructures for coal evacuation, effectively, in a time bound manner have been spelt out as the time bound manner have been spelt out as the conditions under the Optimistic scenario for the conditions under the Optimistic scenario for the envisaged production of 795 Mt by 2016-17. envisaged production of 795 Mt by 2016-17.

o Contribution from CIL in this projected production Contribution from CIL in this projected production would be 615 Mt.would be 615 Mt.

Customer/Sector-wise break up of assessed coal Customer/Sector-wise break up of assessed coal demand for 2016-17 is indicateddemand for 2016-17 is indicated

Customer / sector

Demand assessed by

WG (Mt)

Demand in % of

total demand

Power Utility 682* 69.6

Power Captive incl. fert.

56.36 5.7

Cement 47.31 4.8

Sponge Iron 50.33 5.1

Others 77.3 7.9

Total non-coking

913.3 93.2

Coking 67.2** 6.9

Total 980.5 100

* Based on projection of 17th Electric Power Survey for energy requirement of 1392 BU in 2016-17 and past trend of 70% of coal based thermal energy requirement in the total thermal energy requirement..** Commensurate with the optimistic projection of steel production of 105 Mt in 2016-17.

COAL AVAILABILITYCOAL AVAILABILITYCoal Production during the X and XI plan periodsCoal Production during the X and XI plan periods - -

Coal Producers Actual production during X plan

Actual production during XI plan

2002-03

2006-07 2007-08 2011-12

CIL 290.69 360.91 379.46 435.83

SCCL 33.23 37.71 40.60 52.21

Other PSUs 1.51 1.77 2.11 2.71

Total PSUs 325.43 400.39 422.17 490.75

Tata Steel & Captive Blocks

11.44 24.65 28.38 41.98

Meghalaya 4.40 5.79 6.54 7.21

Total Others 15.84 30.44 34.92 49.19

ALL INDIA 341.27 430.83 457.08 539.94

UG 63.16 57.75 58.90 51.83

OC 278.11 373.08 398.18 488.11

Total 341.27 430.83 457.08 539.94

Coking 30.19 32.08 34.46 51.65

Non-Coking 311.08 398.75 422.63 488.29

TOTAL 341.27 430.83 457.08 539.94

CAGR 5.6% in X Plan period CAGR 4.35% in XI Plan period

PROJECTED DEMAND-AVAILABILITY GAP FOR PROJECTED DEMAND-AVAILABILITY GAP FOR COALCOAL

Coal demand & availability gap over plan periodsCoal demand & availability gap over plan periods

Coal Demand vs Availability from indigenous sources

550634.35

980.5

455

795

95

535.42

98.93185.5

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

2006-07 2011-12 2016-17

Terminal years of Plan period

Fig

ure

s in

Mt

Demand

Availability

Gap

Production under the ‘Optimistic scenario’ would result in a demand- indigenous availability gap of about 185 Mt which may rise to a level of about 265 Mt in the Business As Usual scenario.

STRATEGY FOR STEPPING UP COAL PRODUCTION STRATEGY FOR STEPPING UP COAL PRODUCTION IN CILIN CIL

Production achievement by CIL during X Plan was at a Production achievement by CIL during X Plan was at a CAGR of 5.6 % which came down to 4.4 % during XI Plan. CAGR of 5.6 % which came down to 4.4 % during XI Plan.

Enhancement of coal production from a level of about 435 Enhancement of coal production from a level of about 435 Mt during 2011-12 to a level of 615 Mt under ‘Optimistic Mt during 2011-12 to a level of 615 Mt under ‘Optimistic Scenario’ by 2016-17 would entail CAGR of 7.2%. Scenario’ by 2016-17 would entail CAGR of 7.2%.

Moreover, achievement of 615 Mt by 2016-17 by CIL Moreover, achievement of 615 Mt by 2016-17 by CIL would not be enough to limit the increasing import of coal would not be enough to limit the increasing import of coal in the country and the country would have to resort to in the country and the country would have to resort to growing import to meet the requirement of various growing import to meet the requirement of various consumers in the country. consumers in the country.

Coal production can not be started without possession of Coal production can not be started without possession of land, solving R&R problems, getting Environmental and land, solving R&R problems, getting Environmental and Forestry clearances as well as addressing the coal Forestry clearances as well as addressing the coal evacuation problems.evacuation problems.

Additionally, issues like faster exploration requirement Additionally, issues like faster exploration requirement including drilling capacity augmentation, enhancing pace including drilling capacity augmentation, enhancing pace of projectisation for existing and new coal blocks (out of of projectisation for existing and new coal blocks (out of 119 nos.), emphasis on coal production from underground 119 nos.), emphasis on coal production from underground mines, etc., are required to be addressed by CIL for mines, etc., are required to be addressed by CIL for stepping up its production.stepping up its production.

To restrict the import to the extent possible by augmenting To restrict the import to the extent possible by augmenting the coalthe coal

production level, the strategies would involve the following production level, the strategies would involve the following steps : steps :

OPERATIONAL INITIATIVES BY CILOPERATIONAL INITIATIVES BY CIL

Enhancement in the pace of exploitationEnhancement in the pace of exploitation The balance of regionally explored area (out of The balance of regionally explored area (out of

14013 sq. km) which is yet to be fully explored is 14013 sq. km) which is yet to be fully explored is about 6000 sq km. about 6000 sq km.

This area is having a density of about 1 borehole per This area is having a density of about 1 borehole per sq km which is required to be raised up to about 15 sq km which is required to be raised up to about 15 to 20 boreholes per sq km through detailed drilling to 20 boreholes per sq km through detailed drilling for projectisation for mining by opencast or for projectisation for mining by opencast or underground methods. underground methods.

The present capacity of CMPDI including the The present capacity of CMPDI including the contractual agencies carrying out drilling under its contractual agencies carrying out drilling under its supervision is 5 lakh meter per year. Out of this, about supervision is 5 lakh meter per year. Out of this, about 3.90 lakh meter of drilling was carried out in 2011-12 3.90 lakh meter of drilling was carried out in 2011-12 in blocks of CIL. in blocks of CIL.

The drilling capacity of CMPDI, including outsourced The drilling capacity of CMPDI, including outsourced drilling, needs to be enhanced (to over 10 lakh meter) drilling, needs to be enhanced (to over 10 lakh meter) to enable further projectisation of coal reserves.to enable further projectisation of coal reserves.

The present capacity of coal core analysis (CMPDI & The present capacity of coal core analysis (CMPDI & CIMFR) is 60000 m of core length which needs to be CIMFR) is 60000 m of core length which needs to be enhanced to about 1.5 lakh m by 2015-16. enhanced to about 1.5 lakh m by 2015-16.

The estimated meterage present in blocks for bidding, The estimated meterage present in blocks for bidding, additional blocks allowed to be retained by CIL, de-additional blocks allowed to be retained by CIL, de-allocated blocks offered to CIL, XII Plan projects of allocated blocks offered to CIL, XII Plan projects of CIL, CIL Blocks and non-CIL blocks identified on the CIL, CIL Blocks and non-CIL blocks identified on the basis of the available potential blocks, including Non-basis of the available potential blocks, including Non-CIL blocks are:CIL blocks are:

S. No Type of blocks No. of blocks

EstimatedMeterage

(lakh meter)

1.0 Blocks for bidding 37 13.70

2.0 Non-CIL blocks 68 19.03

3.0 Addl. CIL Blocks allowed to be retained by CIL

116 24.25

4.0 De-allocated blocks offered to CIL

2 0.38

5.0 XII Plan Projects 13 1.16

6.0 CIL Blocks 79 10.79

Total 315 69.31

To sustain the programme of detailed exploration beyond XII Plan at an enhanced rate of drilling of over 10 lakh meter per annum will need the commensurate enhancement in the efforts on Regional/Promotional exploration.

Faster Projectisation of New BlocksFaster Projectisation of New Blocks

Necessity of maximizing production availability Necessity of maximizing production availability from the existing coal blocks of CIL, from where from the existing coal blocks of CIL, from where 615 Mt of coal production has been envisaged by 615 Mt of coal production has been envisaged by 2016-17.2016-17.

Additional blocks including the 119 nos. allowed to Additional blocks including the 119 nos. allowed to be retained by CIL recently, should be developed be retained by CIL recently, should be developed at the earliest as soon as the exploration in such at the earliest as soon as the exploration in such blocks are over. blocks are over.

These 119 blocks ( 45 OC + 57 UG & 17 mixed) These 119 blocks ( 45 OC + 57 UG & 17 mixed) have been tentatively estimated for a total capacity have been tentatively estimated for a total capacity of about 240 Mty. of about 240 Mty.

Early development of these blocks will provide CIL Early development of these blocks will provide CIL a comfort in meeting the demand-supply gapa comfort in meeting the demand-supply gap. .

Development of Project through MDO (Mine Development of Project through MDO (Mine Development Operator) RouteDevelopment Operator) Route Considering the delay in land acquisition, law and order Considering the delay in land acquisition, law and order

and other problems associated with open cast project and other problems associated with open cast project development, wider engagement of the Development development, wider engagement of the Development Operators for open cast mines/projects needs to be Operators for open cast mines/projects needs to be considered considered

This result in crashing the activities of mine This result in crashing the activities of mine development and early realisation of the production development and early realisation of the production from such mines.from such mines.

Underground Mine Capacity EnhancementUnderground Mine Capacity Enhancement Status of initiatives taken by CIL for mechanisation and Status of initiatives taken by CIL for mechanisation and

production enhancement efforts in the recent past are production enhancement efforts in the recent past are Indicated below:Indicated below:

1.1. Continuous Miners (CMs) have been presently deployed Continuous Miners (CMs) have been presently deployed 7 mines of CIL with a total capacity of 2.78 Mty as 7 mines of CIL with a total capacity of 2.78 Mty as indicated below indicated below : :

Subsidiary

Company

No of

mines

Name of the mines, CM Capacity (Mty)

ECL 2 Jhanjra (0.36) and Sarpi (0.46)

WCL 2 Tandsi(0.51)*

SECL 4 NCPH – Chirimiri(0.43), Sheetal Dhara – Kurja(0.36), Pinoura (0.48)and Rani –

Atari(0.18)

Total CIL 7 Total Planned Capacity: 2.78 Mty2. At present, two type of the bidding routes, 2. At present, two type of the bidding routes, namely “Risk-gain sharing basis” and “Hiring namely “Risk-gain sharing basis” and “Hiring basis” are being followed for deployment of basis” are being followed for deployment of CMs. CMs.

3.3. Excepting Pinuara and Rani Atari in SECL, all Excepting Pinuara and Rani Atari in SECL, all other Continuous Miners have been deployed on other Continuous Miners have been deployed on the basis of “Risk-gain sharing basis”.the basis of “Risk-gain sharing basis”.

4.4. Also, 19 Underground Projects with Continuous Miner Technology Also, 19 Underground Projects with Continuous Miner Technology with a total capacity of 11.69 Mty have been approved as listed belowwith a total capacity of 11.69 Mty have been approved as listed below : :

Subsidiary

Company

No. ofMines

Name of Mines (Capacity, Mty)

ECL 2 Jhanjra 2nd CM(0.51); Kottadih(0.42)

BCCL 1 Block-II(0.45)

CCL 3 Chiri-Benti(0.84); Parej East(0.51); Piparwar- Mangardaha(0.61)

WCL 5 Dhankasa(0.91), Jamunia(0.45), Saoner-I(0.45), Tawa-II(0.36) &

Gandhigram(0.78)

SECL 5 Churcha Re-organisation(1.02), Khairaha(0.49), Haldibari(0.30), Ketki(0.30) & Vijay (West)(0.30)

MCL 3 Talcher (West)(1.42), Natraj(1.15); Hirakhand Bundia Incline(0.42)

Total CIL 19 Total Planned Capacity: 11.69 Mty

5.5. Identified list of mines/ projects Identified list of mines/ projects wherewhere Continuous Miner can be deployed on hiring Continuous Miner can be deployed on hiring basis (potential blocks but further study is needed prior to finalisation) are -basis (potential blocks but further study is needed prior to finalisation) are -

Subsidiary Company

No. of possible CMs

Name of Mines (Capacity, Mty)

ECL 2 Rangamati ‘B’ ( Kanchanpur Sector)

BCCL 4 Godhar ( Kusunda Area), AKW MC (Katras Area), Phularitand ( Barora Area) &

Akash Kinari (Gobindpur Area)

CCL 2 Kalyani (Dhori Area)Mandu ( Hazaribag Area)

Total CIL 86. Work orders have already been issued to MDOs to operate five 6. Work orders have already been issued to MDOs to operate five mines (Jhanjra in ECL, mines (Jhanjra in ECL, Kapuria, Moonidih (both XV & XVI seam), and Muraidih in BCCL) Kapuria, Moonidih (both XV & XVI seam), and Muraidih in BCCL) by longwall by longwall technology. Likely capacity addition from these mines will be technology. Likely capacity addition from these mines will be around 8.9 Mty. around 8.9 Mty. Several such mines are in pipe lineSeveral such mines are in pipe lineSub. Company Name of the Mines Capacity (Mty)

BCCL Moonidih XVI 0.7

BCCL Moonidih XV 2.5

BCCL Kapuria 2.0

BCCL Muraidih 2.0

ECL Jhanjra 1.7

Total 8.9

7. Identifying suitable prospective sites for application of Highwall Mining which is a mining method to extract coal from an exposed coal seam at the terminating line of an opencast mine. At present, this technology has been implemented in Sharda Opencast project of SECL.

8. Apart from the successful implementation of the aforesaid actions by CIL, a deeper assessment needs to be made in finalisation of the strategies which may include the following points – Planning of all new mines with higher degree of

mechanisation wherever applicable. Preparation and adherence to Time-bound technology

plan including introduction of new technology to improve productivity.

Preparation of road map with engagement of MDOs. Separate cadre in CIL for Underground mining with

attractive avenues to motivate for performance. Preparation of Infrastructure development plan

including prioritisation of construction of rail/road/railway siding and faster development of infrastructure for UG mines.

Enhancing Coal Evacuation Capacity Through Enhancing Coal Evacuation Capacity Through Infrastructure developmentInfrastructure development Infrastructure development (rail, road & power) Infrastructure development (rail, road & power)

in coalfields, particularly in new emerging in coalfields, particularly in new emerging coalfields, calls for considerable investment.coalfields, calls for considerable investment.

Is essential to augment the evacuation capacity of Is essential to augment the evacuation capacity of coal from its existing level. coal from its existing level.

As per the Master Plan of North Karanpura As per the Master Plan of North Karanpura coalfield, construction of railway lines and coalfield, construction of railway lines and electric power arrangement will require about Rs. electric power arrangement will require about Rs. 2500 crore of investment.2500 crore of investment.

Similarly, as per the Master Plan of Ib Valley Similarly, as per the Master Plan of Ib Valley coalfield, establishing rail network for MCL coalfield, establishing rail network for MCL projects will require about Rs. 470 crores. projects will require about Rs. 470 crores.

Needs to be a mechanism of joint sharing of the Needs to be a mechanism of joint sharing of the investment requirement in these infrastructures investment requirement in these infrastructures between CIL and the existing and future captive between CIL and the existing and future captive producers. producers.

CIL can invest initially and which may be shared CIL can invest initially and which may be shared at later stage at later stage by other users including captive parties. by other users including captive parties.

Necessity of establishing and expanding the infrastructure facilities in new emerging Necessity of establishing and expanding the infrastructure facilities in new emerging coalfields due the future production assessment from these coalfields as indicated below:coalfields due the future production assessment from these coalfields as indicated below:

Particulars CIL Non-CIL / Captive

Total

NORTH KARANPURA COALFIELD

No. of blocks 26 20 46

Capacity (Mty) 110.0 97.5 207.5

Existing Production (Mty) 23.17 0 23.17

Future Production (Mty) 86.83 97.5 184.33

MAND RAIGARH COALFIELD

No. of blocks 41 23 64

Capacity (Mty) 86.0 5.0* 91.0

Existing Production (Mty) 4.44 0* 4.44

Future Production (Mty) 86.0 5.0* 91.0

TALCHER COALFIELD

No. of blocks 33 31 64

Capacity (Mty) 156.89 227.70 384.59

Existing Production (Mty) 59.74 - 59.74

Future Production (Mty) 152.32 196.56 348.88

IB-VALLEY COALFIELD

No. of blocks 23 18 41

Capacity (Mty) 138.77 74.65 213.42

Existing Production (Mty) 44.34 0.50* 44.84

Future Production (Mty) 118.19 73.50 191.69

OTHER STEPS INCLUDING POLICY OTHER STEPS INCLUDING POLICY INITIATIVESINITIATIVESBY THE GOVERNMENTBY THE GOVERNMENT

Various limiting factors, deterrent to increasing Various limiting factors, deterrent to increasing production and severely faced by the coal sector, production and severely faced by the coal sector, need to be addressed by the Government. need to be addressed by the Government. Government needs to take certain initiatives in this Government needs to take certain initiatives in this regard. The issues are :regard. The issues are :

Labour laws Labour laws • Coal mining sector should be allowed to have Coal mining sector should be allowed to have

exemption from provisions u/s 10 of Contract exemption from provisions u/s 10 of Contract Labour (Regulation & Abolition) Act 1970 Labour (Regulation & Abolition) Act 1970 (Prohibition of employment of contract labour).(Prohibition of employment of contract labour).

Land & R&R :Land & R&R : • Land acquisition is proving to be one of the Land acquisition is proving to be one of the

major hurdles in starting coal mining projects major hurdles in starting coal mining projects and expansion of the existing ones. and expansion of the existing ones.

ContCont..• It is mainly due to this reason that CIL is unable to It is mainly due to this reason that CIL is unable to

plan major enhancement plan major enhancement of coal production. of coal production. • Shifting of people from places where land has Shifting of people from places where land has

already already been acquired is also one of the been acquired is also one of the hurdles for enhancement of coal production. hurdles for enhancement of coal production.

• Actions need to be taken by the Govt. for Actions need to be taken by the Govt. for constitution of Task force in the concerned State constitution of Task force in the concerned State Government Secretariat to help the companies in Government Secretariat to help the companies in

acquisition of land.acquisition of land.

The following may be suggested to streamline the The following may be suggested to streamline the land and R&R problems –land and R&R problems – • Identification of Project affected families (PAFs) at Identification of Project affected families (PAFs) at

the the time of project conceptualization stage itself time of project conceptualization stage itself for timely action.for timely action.

• Identification of R&R site, providing adequate Identification of R&R site, providing adequate infrastructure and suitable amenities before land infrastructure and suitable amenities before land acquisition.acquisition.

• Continuous dialogue with PAFs with an objective to Continuous dialogue with PAFs with an objective to identify their actual requirement by involving the identify their actual requirement by involving the village panchayats and State Govt. authorities. village panchayats and State Govt. authorities. Accordingly the actions are to be taken.Accordingly the actions are to be taken.

• Ownership verification with family tree jointly by Ownership verification with family tree jointly by mining companies and state district authorities. mining companies and state district authorities.

• Finalization of PAFs and display of the list on the Finalization of PAFs and display of the list on the notice board and website. notice board and website.

• Categorization of PAFs as per their entitlement in Categorization of PAFs as per their entitlement in terms of the agreed policy.terms of the agreed policy.

• Free shifting of belongings of PAFs for smooth Free shifting of belongings of PAFs for smooth acquisition of land.acquisition of land.

• Maintenance of updated & correct land records by Maintenance of updated & correct land records by State Land & Revenue Department.State Land & Revenue Department.

• Suitable compensation to the affected persons for Suitable compensation to the affected persons for ensuring reasonable regular income for sustenance ensuring reasonable regular income for sustenance and livelihood in terms of National Land and livelihood in terms of National Land Acquisition and R&R Bill, 2011or any other Acquisition and R&R Bill, 2011or any other approved policy.approved policy.

Environment Clearance (EC) & Forest Environment Clearance (EC) & Forest Clearance (FC)Clearance (FC)

The EC process takes about 14 months The EC process takes about 14 months excluding the excluding the time time consumed in consumed in Public Public Consultation process. Main reasons for Consultation process. Main reasons for delay in EC delay in EC as observed are – as observed are –

1.1. Obtaining ToR from MOEF for each and every Obtaining ToR from MOEF for each and every proposal specially when more than 86% proposal specially when more than 86% conditions are common for OCP & U/G mines. conditions are common for OCP & U/G mines. Thereby leading to repeatation of the process.Thereby leading to repeatation of the process.

2.2. Delayed Public Hearing and issuance of PH Delayed Public Hearing and issuance of PH proceedings by SPCB. The time limit prescribed proceedings by SPCB. The time limit prescribed for public consultation/hearing, including receipt for public consultation/hearing, including receipt of proceedings, is although 45 days but the time of proceedings, is although 45 days but the time taken is much more and in some cases, it is even taken is much more and in some cases, it is even more than 2-3 years.more than 2-3 years.

3.3. Linking of EC with FC.Linking of EC with FC.

Suggested Measures for Expeditious EC PROCESS:Suggested Measures for Expeditious EC PROCESS:

Standard ToR for OC and UG mines should be Standard ToR for OC and UG mines should be circulated by MoEF.circulated by MoEF.

Dispensation of public hearing in case of projects Dispensation of public hearing in case of projects already having EC and fresh EC is required because already having EC and fresh EC is required because of increase in production only without involving any of increase in production only without involving any increase in land area).increase in land area).

Dispensation of public hearing in case of projects Dispensation of public hearing in case of projects having only forest land.having only forest land.

Dispensation of public hearing in case of UG projects Dispensation of public hearing in case of UG projects as there is negligible environment degradation. as there is negligible environment degradation.

If SBCB does not complete PH process within If SBCB does not complete PH process within stipulated time, MoEF should accept the EIA/EMP for stipulated time, MoEF should accept the EIA/EMP for EC. The EC may however be accorded only after the EC. The EC may however be accorded only after the recommendation of SPCB thorough PH proceedings.recommendation of SPCB thorough PH proceedings.

Delinking of EC with FC as long as no forest land is Delinking of EC with FC as long as no forest land is used for mining and mining related activities.used for mining and mining related activities.

Coalfield wise EC so that the excess production by any Coalfield wise EC so that the excess production by any project does not attract the requirement of fresh EC project does not attract the requirement of fresh EC as long as the combined production is within the EC as long as the combined production is within the EC capacity. capacity.

Suggested Measures for Expeditious FC :Suggested Measures for Expeditious FC : Once the FC application is received by the State Once the FC application is received by the State

Forest Forest authority from the project proponent, all authority from the project proponent, all the deficiencies in the deficiencies in the application should be the application should be informed to the applicant at a informed to the applicant at a time time preferably preferably within 2-3 days. The process of the within 2-3 days. The process of the scrutiny scrutiny should be very transparent so as to avoid and should be very transparent so as to avoid and identify identify the delay and also to pin point the responsibility. the delay and also to pin point the responsibility. The deficiencies should be resolved by mutual The deficiencies should be resolved by mutual discussion discussion within 15 days. within 15 days.

State should maintain the correct and updated State should maintain the correct and updated record of the record of the

forest land to avoid resubmission.forest land to avoid resubmission.

State should ensure its recommendations to State should ensure its recommendations to MoEF in a time bound framework as per Forest MoEF in a time bound framework as per Forest (Conservation) Rules.(Conservation) Rules.

After the stage -1 clearance is accorded, the After the stage -1 clearance is accorded, the proponent should be allowed to start the proponent should be allowed to start the activities and the forest land should be activities and the forest land should be transferred once the required payments towards transferred once the required payments towards NPV, compensatory afforestation is made by the NPV, compensatory afforestation is made by the coal companies to the concerned State coal companies to the concerned State Government.Government.

Strengthening of land and R&R Department at Strengthening of land and R&R Department at all levels of CIL for timely action and follow up all levels of CIL for timely action and follow up with State authorities.with State authorities.

4. CONCLUSION4. CONCLUSION Appetite for energy in the world is growing, particularly in Appetite for energy in the world is growing, particularly in

developing countries like India, as it is fast on course to developing countries like India, as it is fast on course to industrialization and urbanization.industrialization and urbanization.

Onus of fulfilling the coal supply requirement of the country Onus of fulfilling the coal supply requirement of the country

primarily rests on CIL. primarily rests on CIL.

CIL is likely to remain as a dominant player in Indian coal industry in CIL is likely to remain as a dominant player in Indian coal industry in foreseeable future also.foreseeable future also.

In order to restrict the rising gap between demand and indigenous In order to restrict the rising gap between demand and indigenous coal availability to the extent possible, CIL has no option but to raise coal availability to the extent possible, CIL has no option but to raise its production level to a great extent by every means. its production level to a great extent by every means.

Coal production can not be started without possession of land, Coal production can not be started without possession of land, solving R&R problems, getting Environmental and Forestry solving R&R problems, getting Environmental and Forestry clearances as well as addressing the coal evacuation clearances as well as addressing the coal evacuation problems.problems.

Additionally, issues like faster exploration requirement including Additionally, issues like faster exploration requirement including drilling capacity augmentation, enhancing pace of projectisation for drilling capacity augmentation, enhancing pace of projectisation for existing and new coal blocks(out of 119 nos.), emphasis on coal existing and new coal blocks(out of 119 nos.), emphasis on coal production from underground mines, etc., are required to be production from underground mines, etc., are required to be addressed by CILaddressed by CIL

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