stress!!!!!! management stress!!! stress is inescapable stress is universal national health problem...
TRANSCRIPT
Stress!!!
Stress
is inesc
apable
Stress
is inesc
apable
Stre
ss is
unive
rsal
Stre
ss is
unive
rsal
National h
ealth
problem
National h
ealth
problem
Econo
mic pr
oblem
Econo
mic pr
oblem
Definition of Stress
“It seems wise to use “stress” as a generic term for the whole area of problems that includes stress reactions and the various intervening processes. It defines a large, complex area of interest and study.” (Lazarus, 1966)
Stress is….Stress is….
Anything that knocks Anything that knocks the system out of the system out of balancebalance(Sapolosky, 2003, Scientific (Sapolosky, 2003, Scientific America)America)
Stressors - threatening aspects of the environment that induce stress reactions
Strain - a weakened resistance to stressors and diminished resilience
Stressors - threatening aspects of the environment that induce stress reactions
Strain - a weakened resistance to stressors and diminished resilience
Causes of Stress
1. Excessive amounts of pressure. 2. Trying to do too many things at the
same time. 3. Trying to do too many things by
yourself. 4. The demands of everyday life.
5. Not taking enough precautions. 6. Ignoring problems and
procrastinating. 7. Any unresolved "issues" from
anytime (from your birth to the present time).
TEST!!!! True or False -
I would be better off if I got rid of all the stress in my life.
FALSE!!! How we perceive
the stress is the Key
Eustress vs. Distress
Eustress Marriage Promotion Baby Winning Money New Friends Graduation Holidays
Distress Divorce Punishment Injury Negative feelings Financial Problems Work Difficulties Loss
Managing Stress
The effects of stress are cumulative. Stress is a process that builds and builds until you feel like you are going to explode. It is more effective to intervene early in the process rather than later. Try to become aware of the signs that suggest the process has begun. Holmes and Rahe - Social Readjustment Rating Scale (SRRS) measures stress in measures stress in terms of terms of life change life change units units (LCU’s)(LCU’s)
Symptoms of Stress
Frequent headachesFrequent headaches FatigueFatigue Constipation, diarrhea, Constipation, diarrhea,
urination problemsurination problems Increased use of alcohol, drugs, Increased use of alcohol, drugs,
foodfood Withdrawal from family/friendsWithdrawal from family/friends Difficulty/inability to concentrateDifficulty/inability to concentrate Irritability, hostilityIrritability, hostility Feelings of nervousness, anxietyFeelings of nervousness, anxiety Feelings of inadequacyFeelings of inadequacy
Stress-Related Problems
Sleep Disorders Sexual Dysfunction Eating Disorders Phobias/Obsessions/
Compulsions Lowered Immune System
Prolonged Stress
Diseases of Adaptation - bodily disease or injury brought on by attempts to combat stress
Psychosomatic Illness - physical symptoms attributed to psychological disturbances
Effects of Long Term Chronic Stress
Fatigue and Exhaustion
Diseases of Adaptation
Psychosomatic Illnesses
Depression Breakdown Burn Out
Dealing With Stress
Coping Techniques Exercise Know when to say no Laugh Set realistic goals Get enough sleep Eat nutritiously Manage time Choose good friends Select a career wisely
Richard Lazarus Two general types of copingTwo general types of coping1)1) Direct actionDirect action - one tries to master - one tries to master
the stressful situation by the stressful situation by confronting it or attempting to confronting it or attempting to change the source of the stresschange the source of the stress
2)2) Indirect actionIndirect action - the person - the person attempts to reduce the stressful attempts to reduce the stressful situation by changing one’s self situation by changing one’s self
Direct-Active
Confronting sourceConfronting source Changing the Changing the
source of the stresssource of the stress
Indirect-Active Talking about the Talking about the
stressstress Changing selfChanging self Getting involved in Getting involved in
other activitiesother activities Adopting a positive Adopting a positive
attitudeattitude
In Summary1)1) Become aware of your stressors and Become aware of your stressors and
your emotional and physical your emotional and physical reactionsreactions
2)2) Recognize what you can changeRecognize what you can change
3)3) Reduce the intensity of your Reduce the intensity of your emotional reactions to stressemotional reactions to stress
4)4) Learn to moderate your physical Learn to moderate your physical reactions to stressreactions to stress
5)5) Build your physical reservesBuild your physical reserves
6)6) Maintain your emotional reservesMaintain your emotional reserves
Dealing with Stress How we cope with stress How we cope with stress determines our reaction to stressdetermines our reaction to stress
1) Think1) Think 2) Feel2) Feel 3) Support3) Support 4) Learning4) Learning 5) Personality type5) Personality type
I’m Stressed
Let us Review!
EustressEustress is the good type of stress is the good type of stress Distress is the bad type of stress that is
harmful Acute Stress – Short-term stress (the
most common type of stress) Hyperstress – Long-term, excessive
stress Hypostress – Insufficient stress How we react to the stress makes a big
difference
Stress Response Types
get sick in the battle of experiencing stress/change
get sick after the battle of experiencing stress/change
experience work and life stress/change without getting sick
Hot Reactors
Sustainers
The Hardy
Prolonged Stress
Diseases of Adaptation - bodily disease or injury brought on by attempts to combat stress
Psychosomatic Illness - physical symptoms attributed to psychological disturbances
General Adaptation Syndrome - the body’s pattern of reaction under continued stress and the effects on the body when demands are placed on it