stress. the body’s and mind’s reaction to everyday demands or threats. real or imagined
TRANSCRIPT
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Stress
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Stress• The body’s and mind’s
reaction to everyday demands or threats.
• Real or imagined
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• Stress can be minor and go unnoticed
• Can be useful or harmful, energizing or exhausting
• Key-learn to handle it in healthful ways
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Distress
• Negative stress
• Too much pressure or trauma and you don’t know how to deal with it
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Eustress
•Positive stress
•Can help you achieve your goals
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Kinds of stressors
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Stressor
• Any stimulus that produces a stress response
• People, objects, places, events, or situations
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5 general categories of stressors
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Biological stressors
• Biochemical imbalances
• Mental or physical illness
• Disabilities or injuries
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Environmental stressors
• Poverty• Pollution• Crowding• Noise• Natural disasters
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Cognitive or thinking stressors
• Perceive a situation
• What you expect
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Personal behavior stressors
• Tobacco
• Alcohol
• Other drugs
• Not exercising
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Life situations
• Relative or pet die
• Parents separate or divorce
• Trouble with relationships
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The body’s stress response
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• Perceive a situation or event to be a threat, your body begins a stress response
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• Nervous and endocrine systems are active during reaction to stressors
• Involuntary• Occur whether physical or
emotional, positive or negative
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Alarm stage
• 1st stage in the stress response, when the body and mind go on high alert
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Adrenaline
• “emergency hormone”• Secreted by the adrenal
glands to prepare the body to respond to a stressor
• Sweat and tears – only way to get rid of
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Fight or flight
• Heart speeds up• Breath faster• Throat muscles contract• Sweat• Arms and legs tighten • Mind on high alert
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Resistance
•2nd stage in the stress response, body tries to repair the damage and return to normal
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Fatigue•3rd stage, resulting in a tired feeling that lowers one’s level activity
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Three kinds of fatigue
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Physical fatigue
•End of long day
•After exercise
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Pathological fatigue
• Overworking
• Sick, overweight, poor nutrition
• Alcohol or caffeine
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Psychological fatigue
• Constant worry• Overwork• Depression• Boredom• isolation
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•Prolonged or repeated stress can lead to stress-related illnesses.
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Stress and the brain
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• Thrive on challenge or frighten you
• New experiences unafraid or change scare you
• Neurotransmitters – brain chemicals
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Stress tolerance
•Amount of stress which you can handle before you reach a state of too much stress.
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Stress and your personality type
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Type A personality
• Competitive
• High-achieving
• Develop heart disease or other health problems
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Type B personality
• “laid back”
• Non-competitive
• Less likely to suffer heart disease
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Hardy personality
• able to stay healthy despite major or traumatic stressors
• Resilience• Change• Commitment• control
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Psychosomatic response
• Physical disorder that results from stress rather than from an injury or illness
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Signs of stress
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Physical signs
• Headaches
• Trembling
• Upset stomach
• Sweating
• constipation
• Diarrhea
• Trouble sleeping
• Grinding teeth
• Dry mouth
• Back pain
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Emotional signs
• Frustration
• Nervousness
• Feeling powerless
• Impatience
• Mood swings
• Edginess• Quick to anger• Confusion• Crying• Low self-
esteem
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Mental signs
• Trouble reading• Not thinking
clearly• Constant worry• Obsessive
thoughts
• Inability to make decisions
• Forgetting• No sense of
humor• No perspective
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Behavioral signs
• Not eating• Overeating• Compulsive
talking• Fidgeting• Tapping feet
• Withdrawing
• Hurrying
• Drumming fingers
• Smoking
• Reckless behaviors
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Managing stress• Identify the problem
• Stress management
• Planning
• Rechanneling energy
• Relaxing and laughing
• Seeking support
• Time management
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Relaxation response
• State of deep rest that can be reached if one or more relaxation techniques are practiced regularly
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Support group• Informal or formal gathering
of who people who meet and share experiences, feelings, and trust, can also be helpful
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Time management skills
• Specific strategies for planning and using time in effective, healthful ways
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Priorities
• Goals, tasks, or activities that you judge as more important to do than others
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Coping with loss
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Grief reaction
• Individual’s total response to a major loss
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Stages of loss
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Stage 1: Denial
• Initial reaction
• Cannot believe the loss has occurred
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Stage 2: Anger
• “why me” stage
• Critical, demanding,or uncooperative
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Stage 3: Bargaining
• Pray or promise to change if only the lost person or object can be returned, even for a while
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Stage 4: Depression
• Silence and withdrawal
• Sense of quiet sadness
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Stage 5: Acceptance
• Sense of power
• Person facing reality in constructive ways
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Closure
• Coming to an end of the most intense parts of the grieving process
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Delayed grief response
• Putting off stages of grief until the shock wears off
• Cover up feelings with drugs
• Assuring everyone they are fine