Strong personalitieswill dominate

in a weaksituation

Projective Test - elicits an individual’s response to abstract stimuli

Behavioral Measures - personality assessments that involve observing an individual’s behavior in a controlled situation

Self-Report Questionnaire - assessment involving an individual’s responses to questions

Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) - instrument measuring Jung’s theory of individual differences.

Based on Carl Jung’s work• People are fundamentally different• People are fundamentally alike• People have preference combinations for

extraversion/introversion, perception, judgment

Briggs & Myers developed the MBTI to understand individual differences

Preferences Represents

Extraversion Introversion How one re-energizes

Sensing Intuiting How one gathers information

Thinking Feeling How one makes decisions

Judging Perceiving How one orients to the outer world

Big 5, CSET, MBTI Matter in:

• Certain jobs (sales, QA, leadership)• At certain times (e.g., status quo, crisis)• More than performance?

Honesty Theft Absenteeism Turnover Commitment/Satisfaction

“Attitudes”• Persistent tendency to feel and behave in a

particular way towards some object Characteristics of Attitudes

• They tend to persist unless something is done to change them.

• They can fall anywhere along a continuum from very favorable to very unfavorable.

• They are directed toward some object about which a person has feelings and beliefs.

Informational/Cognitive

(i.e. beliefs)

Affective(i.e. emotions)

Attitude Behavior

genetics

socialization

observable

learning

Measurable in the brain with fMRI

Based in history of Job Satisfaction Formal research began in mid-1930’s

• 1932 I/O textbooks had no mention of job satisfaction or organizational commitment

• By 1972 over 3000 articles published specifically exploring worker attitudes

Why interest developed• Methodological breakthroughsSurvey methods

• Statistical techniques

Most Americans like their jobs overall People are relatively satisfied with the

nature of the work itself:• How interesting it is• Having lots of contact with people

People less happy with rewards• Pay• Benefits• Chances for promotion

Influences on Job Satisfaction• Mental challenge in the work itself• Pay• Promotions• Supervision• Work Group• Working Conditions

Outcomes of Job Satisfaction• Satisfaction and Performance• Satisfaction and Turnover• Satisfaction and Absenteeism• Other Effects and Ways to Enhance

Satisfaction

(Continued)

The Meaning of Organizational Commitment• Affective• Continuance• Normative

Questions