structure of the constitution
DESCRIPTION
Structure of the Constitution. Structure of the Constitution. The Constitution of the United States organizes the basic political institutions of the country Introduction to the Constitution is the Preamble Outlines the goals of the government 7 articles that are split into sections - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Structure of the Constitution
Structure of the Constitution
• The Constitution of the United States– organizes the basic political institutions of the country
• Introduction to the Constitution is the Preamble– Outlines the goals of the government
• 7 articles that are split into sections• Contains 27 amendments
– Divides powers between the nation and the states– Divides the government into 3 separate branches
• Creates separation of powers• Provides checks and balances
Article 1: Legislative Branch
• Article 1– The legislative branch
• Makes the laws • Broken into 10 sections
– Congress– House of reps– Senate– Elections and Sessions– Housekeeping – Pay and Privileges– Legislation– Enumerated Powers– Restrictions on Congress– Restrictions on the states
Article 2: Executive Branch
• Article 2:– Executive Branch• Enforces the laws• 4 sections
– President and Vice President – Presidential Powers– Executive Responsibility(enforce laws/pass treaties)– Impeachment
Article 3: Judicial Branch
• Article 3– Judicial Branch• Interprets the laws• 3 sections
– Federal courts» Supreme Court is the supreme law of the land, or the highest court in the land
– Jurisdiction and judicial reviews– Treason
Articles 4-7: The Federal SystemAr
ticle
4#1: Full faith and Credit #2:Privileges and Immunities#3: Equal Footing#4: The Guarantee Clause
Article 5:• Amending the
Constitution
Article 6:• The Supreme law of the
land
Article 7:• Ratification
Amendments:• Changes to the
Constitution• First 10 aka. Bill of Rights
Review
Articles 4-7
Making the Federal system work
Articles 1-3
Legislative branch Executive Branch Judicial Branch
The Constitution is Composed of
Preamble Articles 1-7 Bill of rights/amendments
Separation of Powers in the Constitution
•Article 1•#1: all legislative powers herein granted shall be vested in
a Congress, which consists of a Senate and a House of Rep.s
Legislative BranchMakes laws
•Article 2•#1: The executive power shall be vested in a President of
the USAExecutive BranchEnforces laws
•Article 3•#1: The judicial power of the US, shall be vested in one
Supreme Court, and in such inferior courts as the Congress may from time to time ordain and establish
Judicial BranchInterprets laws
Article 1: Legislative Branch
• Powers and functions given to the legislative branch include:– Lay and collect taxes– Borrow money– Regulate commerce(interstate)– Coin money– Establish post offices– Declare war– Raise and support the military– Make all “necessary and proper”(This is known as the Elastic Clause) laws
Article 2: Executive Branch
• Powers and functions given to the Executive branch include:– Commander-in-chief of the Army and Navy– Granting pardons– Making treaties– Appointing ambassadors(cabinet heads, judges to the Supreme Court)
– Make temporary appointments to offices that require Senate approval
– Deliver State of the Union message(to the Senate to keep them informed)
– “take care that the laws be faithfully executed”
Article 3: Judicial Branch
• Powers and functions given to the Judicial branch include:– Right to handle “cases arising under this
Constitution”– Judicial review• Power to void laws
Review
Legislative Branch
• Makes laws• “necessary
& proper”
Executive Branch
• Enforce laws• “faithfully
execute”
Judicial Branch
• Interpret laws• Judicial
Review
Checks and Balances
LegislativeChecks on executive branch• Impeachment • Override president vetoes(2/3
majority)• Senate approve president
appointments• Senate approve treaties• Declare war• Enact taxes & allocate funds• President report on the state of
the Union to Congress
Checks on Judicial branch• Senate approves federal judges• Impeachment• Initiate constitutional
amendments(21)• Set jurisdiction of courts
Checks on itself• Bills must be passed by both
chambers of Congress• House must originate revenue
bills • Neither chamber may adjourn
for than 3+ days without consent of the other
Checks and Balances
ExecutiveChecks on legislative branch• President has veto power• Call special sessions of Congress• Recommend laws• President is commander-in-chief
of the military
Checks on Judicial branch• Appoint judges• Pardon for federal crimes
Checks and Balances
JudicialChecks on legislative branch• Judicial review
• Declare laws unconstitutional• Seats are held on “good
behavior”• Compensation can’t be
diminished
Checks on executive branch• Judicial review
• Declare executive orders unconstitutional
• Chief justice presides during impeachment of the president
• Lifetime appointments
Review
ChecksExecutiveJudicial
ChecksLegislative
Judicial
Checks Legislative Executive
• The first 10 amendments to the Constitution are known as __________.
• D.• the Bill of Rights
• The introduction of the US Constitution is called the
• Preamble
• All of the following statements about Article II of the Constitution are TRUE except:
• A.• Article II is broken into ten sections.
• The __________ in the Constitution gives Congress the flexibility to make all “necessary and proper” laws.
• D.• Elastic Clause
• All of the following statements about the Constitution are TRUE except:
• B.• It divides powers between the nation and states.• C.• It divides the government into three separate branches.• D.• It organizes the basic political parties found within the country.•
• What is judicial review?
• A.• The power of the Judicial Branch to review
laws, Executive orders, and Executive acts to ensure that they are Constitutional.
• The introduction to the Constitution is called __________.
• B.• the Preamble
• All of the following statements about Article I of the Constitution are TRUE except:
• D.• Article I gives the Senate authority over the
House of Representatives.
• Which document, signed by King John in 1215, was important for the United States government?
• C.• the Magna Carta
• Bill of Rights: The first ten amendments to the Constitution.• checks and balances:Limits imposed on each branch of government
by giving each branch a measure of influence over the other branches.
• separation of powers: The doctrine that individual branches of government have unique powers that the other branches cannot infringe upon.
• void: To invalidate, nullify.• Interstate: So state-to-state, also foreign commerce.• Commerce: is trade.
• #1: Meaning that laws in other states have to be respected. #2: Citizens of one state are protected when they go into others. #3: No one's status is larger or more powerful than another. #4: The guarantee clause guaranteed a republican government will be in the states.
• Article VI is the Supremacy Clause where the Constitution is the supreme law of the land.
• Article VII we wrote the Constitution, the founding fathers at the Constitutional Convention, then they put in
• Article VII what needs to be done to pass this and make it official. • Amendments are changes to the Constitution The first 10 are known
as the Bill of Rights. Those are James Madison's creations to protect our liberties and freedoms.