structuring knowledge
TRANSCRIPT
Language and knowledge
● Statements:– I like the work of John Latham
Language and knowledge
● Statements:– I like the work of John Latham
No arguments
Language and knowledge
● Statements:– I like the work of John Latham– I believe John Latham was blessed
Language and knowledge
● Statements:– I like the work of John Latham– I believe John Latham was blessed
Arguments possible but pointless
Language and knowledge
● Statements:– I like the work of John Latham– I believe John Latham was blessed– John Latham was an influential artist
Language and knowledge
● Statements:– I like the work of John Latham– I believe John Latham was blessed– John Latham was an influential artist
Arguments possible and expected
Language and knowledge
● Statements:– I like the work of John Latham– I believe John Latham was blessed– John Latham was an influential artist
Language and knowledge
● Statements:– I like the work of John Latham– I believe John Latham was blessed– John Latham was an influential artist
Academia is basedon statements aboutwhat has happened
Academia is basedon statements aboutwhat has happened
Academic discourse is based on
spoken language
1
Language and knowledge
● Common problems:– words mistaken for concepts
Language and knowledge
● Common problems:– words mistaken for concepts
● Latham's words
diagrammaticprogression
diagrammaticprogression
multidirectionalproperty of lightmultidirectionalproperty of light
Time-BaseTime-Base
change-of-statechange-of-state
long-basedevents
long-basedevents
recurrent stateof a steady kindrecurrent stateof a steady kind
Language and knowledge
● Common problems:– words mistaken for concepts
● Latham's words● typical archival description
call sheetscall sheets
shootingschedulesshootingschedules
continuityreports
continuityreports
Language and knowledge
● Common problems:– words mistaken for concepts
● Latham's words● typical archival description
Language and knowledge
● Common problems:– words mistaken for concepts
● Latham's words● typical archival description
– replicating grammar on a computer
Language and knowledge
● Common problems:– words mistaken for concepts
● Latham's words● typical archival description● same concept in different languages
– replicating grammar on a computer● computers struggle with grammar
Free-text
The binding has an unsupported sewing structure, using four stations, with wooden boards attached to the sewn bookblock by means of sewing thread only; a textile spine lining extending onto the outer face of the boards; endbands sewn to the bookblock and the head and tail edges of the boards; and metal bosses and triple interlaced leather clasp-straps laced through the right board with metal rings that fit over edge pins on the left board.
Honey, A., and N. Pickwoad. 2010. ‘Learning from the Past: Using Original Techniques to Conserve a Twelfth-century Illuminated Manuscript and Its Sixteenth-century Greek-style Binding at the Monastery of St Catherine, Sinai’. In Conservation and the Eastern Mediterranean: Contributions to the Istanbul Congress 20-24 September 2010, ed. C. Rozeik, R. Ashok, and D. Saunders, 56–61. Istanbul, Turkey: International Institute for Conservation of Historic and Artistic Works.
Hospitality?Hospitality?
Industry?Industry?
Social tagsWord matchingSocial tags
Word matching
Academic discourseis based on
spoken language
Reducing conceptual problems to philology
1
Methodology and knowledge
● Common problems:– belief adoption
Szirmai, J. A. 1999. The archaeology of medieval bookbinding. Aldershot, Hants: Ashgate.
Szirmai, J. A. 1999. The archaeology of medieval bookbinding. Aldershot, Hants: Ashgate.
Byzantine
● Raised endbands● Smooth spine (unsupported)● Edges cut with the boards● Straps
raisedendbandsraised
endbands
smoothspine
smoothspine
textblockCut flushtextblockCut flush
strapsstraps
Byzantine/Greek
Byzantine/Greek
● Raised endbands● Smooth spine (unsupported)● Edges cut with the boards● Straps
Byzantine/Greek
● Raised endbands● Smooth spine (unsupported)● Edges cut with the boards● Straps
Byzantine/Greek
● Raised endbands● Smooth spine (unsupported)● Edges cut with the boards● Straps
Byzantine/Greek
● Raised endbands● Smooth spine (unsupported)● Edges cut with the boards● Straps
Szirmai, J. A. 1999. The archaeology of medieval bookbinding. Aldershot, Hants: Ashgate.
Methodology and knowledge
● Common problems:– belief adoption
● no data -> no evidence
Methodology and knowledge
● Common problems:– belief adoption
● no data -> no evidence
– Software tools● closed source -> no understanding of results
2010
2011
2012
2013
Academic methodologies
rely on trust
2
Knowledge online
All content online
Knowledge online
● Focus on evidence– all evidence online– too much evidence to check manually
Knowledge online
● Focus on evidence– all evidence online– too much evidence to check manually
● Look up Resource Description Framework
2 statements
Tate trustees meeting 15-07-1976
Tate trustees meeting 15-07-1976
Tate collection expanded with works by John Latham
Statements
Tate board meeting took place on 15th of July 1976Tate board meeting had participants Tate trusteesTate board meeting had subject Latham's work at Tate
Five sisters acquisition changed owner of Five sistersFive sisters acquisition transferred ownership from John LathamFive sisters acquisition transferred ownership to Tate trustees
. . .. . .. . .
. . .
. . .
Statements
Tate board meeting took place on 15th of July 1976Tate board meeting had participants Tate trusteesTate board meeting had subject Latham's work at Tate
Five sisters acquisition changed owner of Five sistersFive sisters acquisition transferred ownership from John LathamFive sisters acquisition transferred ownership to Tate trustees
. . .. . .. . .
. . .
. . .
RDF triple
Statements
Tate board meeting took place on 15th of July 1976Tate board meeting had participants Tate trusteesTate board meeting had subject Latham's work at Tate
Five sisters acquisition changed owner of Five sistersFive sisters acquisition transferred ownership from John LathamFive sisters acquisition transferred ownership to Tate trustees
. . .. . .. . .
. . .
. . .
Relations/partsdefined byan Ontology
Relations/partsdefined byan Ontology
Relations/partsdefined byan Ontology
Relations/partsdefined byan Ontology
Relations/partsdefined byan Ontology
Relations/partsdefined byan Ontology
Statements
Tate board meeting took place on 15th of July 1976Tate board meeting had participants Tate trusteesTate board meeting had subject Latham's work at Tate
Five sisters acquisition changed owner of Five sistersFive sisters acquisition transferred ownership from John LathamFive sisters acquisition transferred ownership to Tate trustees
. . .. . .. . .
. . .
. . .
Partsdefined byan Ontology
Partsdefined byan Ontology
Specific conceptsdefined by
domain experts
Specific conceptsdefined by
domain experts
Evidence is knowledge -
Harvest global evidence online
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Conclusion
● Academic research is not necessarily methodical
● Look at online technologies to find ways to handle knowledge
