student achievement teacher effectiveness qualities of effective teachers stronge and associates...

Student Achievement

Teacher Effectiveness

Qualities of Effective Teachers

Stronge and Associates Educational Consulting,

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Opening Questions

1. Why are effective teachers so important?

2. What is an effective teacher?


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Why are effective teachers so important?


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What factor had the largest effect on student achievement?

Mixed Ability Grouping?

Class Size?

Prior Achievement?

The Teacher?


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What factor had the largest effect on student achievement?

Mixed Ability Grouping? 4

Class Size? 3

Prior Achievement? 2

The Teacher? 1

Wright, Horn, & Sanders, http://www.sas.com/govedu/edu/ed_eval.pdf (1997)


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Influences on Student Achievement:Explained Variance

Students50%

Peers5-10%

School5-10%

Home5-10%

Teachers30%

Hattie, http://acer.edu.au/documents (2003)


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One-year Impact ofEffective vs.

Less Effective Teachers


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240 250 260 270 280

Actual Reading

240

250

260

270

280

Actual Reading Score

Pre

dic

ted

Rea

din

g S

core

Over-predicted: The prediction was 16 points higher than actual.

This student scored exactly as predicted.

Under-predicted: The prediction was 20 points lower than actual.

The majority of predictions are very accurate.

5th Grade Reading:Predicted vs. Actual

Stronge, Ward, & Grant, Journal of Teacher Education (2011)


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Teacher Achievement Indices: Reading

20.00 30.00 40.00 50.00 60.00 70.00

Reading TAI

0

10

20

30C

ou

nt

Stronge, Ward, & Grant, Journal of Teacher Education (2011)

Lower than predicted growth

Higher than predicted growth


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Dallas Research: Teacher Quality

Dallas, Texas data: 2800-3200 students per cohortComparison of 3 “highly effective” & 3 “ineffective” teachers (Jordan, Mendro, & Weerasinghe, 1997)

1st Grade 4th Grade0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

Highly EffectiveIneffective

4th Grade Math Achievement


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Dallas Research: Teacher Quality

Dallas, Texas data: 2800-3200 students per cohortComparison of 3 “highly effective” & 3 “ineffective” teachers (Jordan, Mendro, & Weerasinghe, 1997)

1st Grade 4th Grade0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

Highly EffectiveIneffective

4th Grade Reading Achievement


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Sequence of Effective Teachers

Low

High

52-54percentile

points difference

Low Low

High High

Sanders & Rivers (1996)


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Sequence of Effective Teachers

Low

High

13percentile

points difference

Low

High High

Sanders & Rivers (1996)

High


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Residual Effect

Two years of effective teachers could not remediate the achievement loss caused by one year with a poor teacher.

Mendro, Jordan, Gomez, Anderson, & Bembry (1998)


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Time in School Year Needed to Achieve the Same Amount of Learning

Leigh, Economics of Education Review (2010)

0 1/4 1/2 3/4 1

25th PercentileTeacher


Years Needed


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Leigh, Economics of Education Review (2010)

Time in School Year Needed to Achieve the Same Amount of Learning

0 1/4 1/2 3/4 1



Years Needed


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Annual Student Achievement Gains

05

101520253035

Class Size Reduction: 24:1to 15:1

Teacher QualityImprovement: 75 vs. 25 %tile

Pe

rce

nti

le G

ain

Barber, M., & Mourshed, M. (2007). How the world’s best-performing school systems come out on top. London: McKinsey & Company. Retrieved from http://www.mckinsey.com/locations/ukireland/publications/pdf/ Education_report.pdf; Stronge, J.H., Ward, T.J., Tucker, P.D., & Grant, L.W., in preparation

Teacher Quality Improvement: 25th vs. 75th percentile

Class Size Reduction: 24:1 to 15:1


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Spillover Effect

Jackon & Bruegmann, American Economic Journal: Applied Economics (2009)

Student achievement rises across a grade when a high-quality teacher comes on board: one-tenth to one-fifth the impact of replacing the students’ own teacher


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What is an effective teacher?


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The Enigma


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The Person

Background

Prerequisites Classroom Management &

Instruction

Organizing for Instruction

Implementing Instruction

Job Responsibilities and Practices

EFFECTIVE TEACHERS

Monitoring Student

Progress & Potential

Stronge, Qualities of Effective Teachers, ASCD (2007)Diagram used with the Permission of Linda Hutchinson, Doctoral Student, The College of William and Mary


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Which teacher factor is a strong predictor of student achievement gains?

• Teacher experience

• Teacher level of education

• Type of teacher certification

X

X

X

Prerequisites of Effective Teachers


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Prerequisite Characteristics

3%

97%

PrerequisiteCharacteristics

Other TeacherCharacteristics


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Write a word or phrase to describe your most memorable teacher:

The Teacher as a Person


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Which of these qualities is closest to your response?

Used cooperative learning Gave great tests Maintained control of the classroom Had a major in mathematics Cared about me Made learning fun Pushed me to succeed


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The Teacher as a Person

• Caring

• Fairness & Respect

• Attitude

• Reflective Practice


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The Person

Background

Prerequisites Classroom Management &

Instruction

Organizing for Instruction

Implementing Instruction

Job Responsibilities and Practices

EFFECTIVE TEACHERS

Monitoring Student

Progress & Potential

Stronge, Qualities of Effective Teachers, ASCD (2007)Diagram used with the Permission of Linda Hutchinson, Doctoral Student, The College of William and Mary


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The Bottom Line

Joe Carroll (1994)

“… nothing, absolutely nothing has happened in education until it has happened to a student”

student achievement teacher effectiveness qualities of effective teachers stronge and associates...

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