study guide: siding & roofing -...

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study guide: siding & Roofing

Learning Objectives:• Thefeaturesandbenefitsoftheproductsyousell.

• Howtoansweryourcustomers’product-relatedquestions.

• Howtohelpyourcustomerchoosetherightproducts.

• Howtoincreasetransactionsizesbylearningmoreaboutadd-onsalesandupsellingtechniques.

Product Knowledge:

Chapter 1: SidingModule 1: Vinyl and Metal Siding

Vinyl Siding

• Vinylsidingismadeofpolyvinylchloride(PVC).

• Thetopstriponthesidinghasnailslotsanditinstallsoverhousewraporhousepaper.

• Itiseasytocleanandmaintain.

• Thefaceofvinylsidingisavailableinavarietyofcustomcolours,whichvarywiththemanufacturer.

• Thedoublepanelstylehastwolapsperpanel.Otherstylesareavailablewithmorelapsperpanel.Itisavailablein4”or5”widths.

• Thesinglepanelstylehasasinglelapperpanel,andisavailablein8”widths.

Vertical Panel

• Averticalpanelmaybeinstalledverticallyorusedasasoffittrim.

• StylesincludeV-grooveandboardandbatten.

• Itisavailableinsmoothandwood-grainfinish.

• Soffittrimisinstalledundertheeaveoroverhangoftherooforonporchceilings.

• Panelstobeusedforsoffittrimmayhaveperforationsthatserveasaventfortheeaveoftheroof.

Corner Post

• Thecornerpostcanbeaninsideoroutsidestyle.

• Itisusedtotrimthecornersandprovidesaplaceforsidingpanelstosnap.

Trim

• Trimisalsoknownasanundersilltrim.

• Itisusedtoholdthetopofsiding,especiallyifitiscut.

• J-channeltypetrimisusedtoholdsidingaroundwindowsandotherplaceswherearunofasidingpanelends.

NOTE:Alwaysconsultyourlocalandprovincialcodes

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Starter Strip

• Thestarterstripisanotherpiecethatgoesaroundthebuildingperimeteratthebottomandsecuresthebottomofthefirstrowofsiding.

Aluminum Siding

• Aluminumsidinghasabaked-onenamelfactoryfinishgenerallyavailableinalargeselectionofcolours.

• Itiseasytomaintainandshouldbewashedannually.Itcanalsobepainted.

• Aluminumsidingispronetodenting,butgenerallycanberepairedwithoutreplacingtheentirepanel.

• Sincealuminumcanconductelectricity,itneedstobegroundedafterinstallation.

• ItmaybeusedwithaninsulatedpanelthatcanaddR-valuetothewall.

• Thistypeofsidingisavailableinsmoothandtextureddesigns.

• Themostcommonstyleisthelapstyle.

Steel Siding

• Galvanizedsteelsidingisapremiumsidingwithaprefinishedvinylfinishthatisstrongerthanaluminumbutusuallymoreexpensive.

• Steelsidingisasuperiorsidingproductbecauseitiseasytomaintain,canberepainted,isstrongandresistsshrinkingandbulgingduetotemperaturechanges.

• However,scratchesinsteelsidingmustbepaintedtoavoidrusting.Itisalsomoredifficulttocutthanaluminumsiding.

• Steelsidingispopularintheconstructionof“polebarns”orothershedsandcommercialbuildings.

• Somecompaniesofferseamlessinstallationtoavoidtheseamsthatresultwheninstallingfactory-cutpanels.

• Thistypeofsidingisavailableinlapstyleprofiles,aswellasverticalpanels.

Frequently Asked Questions

Q: Can I paint my vinyl siding?A:Youmaybeabletopaintvinyl,butcheckwiththemanufacturer.Paintingmayvoidthemanufacturer’swarranty.

Q: How do I clean my vinyl siding? A:Useasoft-bristled,long-handledbrush.Youcanevenuseoneattachedtoagardenhose.Ifneeded,useageneralpurposecleanerforordinarydirt.Ifyouuseapowerwasher,holdthewasherstraightorateyelevelsoitcancleanmosteffectively.Donotpointthepowerwasherupward,aswatermaycollectbehindthesiding.

Q: Do I need any special tools for installing vinyl?A:Yes.You’llneedanailholepunchforpunchingslotsincutpanels,asnaplockpunchfordimplingpanelswheretheywillbepressedintotheutilitytrimandanunlockingtoolforseparatingpanels.Q: Do I have to tear off my existing siding before installing metal siding? A:Youdon’thavetotearoffexistingsidingbeforeyouinstallsteeloraluminumsiding.Youdo,however,needtomakesurethattheexistingsidingwillholdnailsandisstable.Youcaninstallitoverwood,stucco,concreteblockandothersurfacesthatarestructurallysound.Q: What are the advantages of vinyl siding? A: Thebiggestadvantageiseaseofmaintenance.Vinyldoesnotrot,mouldorneedpainting.Betterqualityvinylsidingincorporatesinsulationtoraisetheenergyefficiencyofyourhome.

Taking it to the Floor:

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Q: Do I have to tear off my existing siding before installing steel siding? A:Youdon’thavetotearoffexistingsiding.Youdo,however,needtomakesurethattheexistingsidingwillholdnailsandisstable.Q: Can I paint aluminum siding? A:Youcanpaintaluminumsiding.Besuretoprepitproperlybysandingwithafine-gritpaperandcleanit.Replacedentedsidingorrepairwithfillermadeformetal.Alsoprimeanybarealuminumusingametalprimer.

Upselling Skills

• Premiumvinylsidingproductshavecolourthatgoesallthewaythroughsoscratcheswon’tshow.

• PremiumproductsalsohaveUVinhibitorsthatresistfading.

• Qualityvinylsidingisjudgedbyitsthickness;thethickerthesiding,thebetterthequality.

• Alsoconsiderfactorssuchasthedesignofthelockingmechanismthatholdsthepanelstogetherandthedesignofthenailinghem.

Add-on Sales

• Thereareseveralspecialtoolscustomerswillneedtoinstallvinylsiding:anail hole punch,asnap-lock punchandanunlocking tool.

• Customerswillneedautility knifeandtin snipsforcuttingsiding.

• Askiftheyneedameasuring tape, combination squareandafelttippenformarkingforcuts.

• Suggestachalk lineandlevelforlayingoutthestarterstripsofthevinylpanels.

• Makesurecustomershaveenoughnailsforattachingvinylpiecestothehouse.

• Aftercustomershaveinstalledsiding,theymayneedcaulkforsealingaroundwindowsanddoors.

Product Knowledge:

Module 2: Wood and Composite Siding

Wood Lap

• Woodlapsidingistypicallymadefromredwoodorcedar,asthesetypesofwoodarehighlyresistanttodecayanddimensionallystable.Pine,spruceandfirmayalsobeused,dependingonyourregion.

• Thistypeofsidingisappliedhorizontally.Piecesoverlapeachotheratthetop.

• Piecesrangeinthicknessfrom3/4”to1”,andmaybe4”to12”wide.

• Thereisachoiceofstylesandshapes,withedgesthatarebeveledortapered.

• Stylesincludewidebevel,drop,tongueandgrooveandDollyVarden.

Wood Plank

• Woodplanksidingisappliedverticallyandplywoodsheathingorblockingisusedtoprovideanailingsurface.

• Woodpiecesaregenerally6”to12”wide.

• Theymayberoughsawnorsmooth,dependingonthetypeoffinishdesired.

• Thewaytheboardsarearrangeddeterminestheirstyle.Commonstylesincludeboardandbatten,reverseboardandbatten,boardonboardandchannelrustic.

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Plywood

• Panelsofplywoodorhardboard,oftenusedbecauseofitseaseofinstallationandlowcost.

• Availableinavarietyofwoodspeciesandfacetreatments.Firandpinearetwocommonlyusedtypesforpanelsiding.Theyareeconomicalandcanbepaintedorstained.Cedarispremiumsiding,andcustomersaremorelikelytostainit.

• Itisavailablein4’x8’or4’x9’sheets.

• Commonthicknessis3/8”,1/2”and5/8”.

Structural Panel

• Someplywoodandcompositepanelsaredesignedtocombinewallbracingandsidinginasingleapplicationstep.Usethemassidingeitheroversheathingordirectlyoverstuds.

• Thisisaperformance-ratedpanel,gradedaccordingtoitsstructuralcharacteristicsratherthanbyitsappearance.

• Itisavailableaspanelandlapsidingandinvarioussurfacetreatments,includinggrooved,roughsawn,smoothortexturedface.

• Commonthicknessesrangefrom11/32”to5/8”.

• •Commonsizeis4’x8’,4’x9’and4’x10’.

Shingle

• Shinglesidingiscommonlymadeofredwood,cedarorcypress.

• Theshinglesaremachinecuttobeuniform.

• Onedisadvantageisthattheymaybepronetowarpingandcracking.Theyalsofade,whichcancreateadesiredrusticappearance.

• Panelizedcedarsidingpanelsapply8’ofshinglesinonestep,withthebackingmaterialalreadyapplied.

• Onetypeisthefancycutshingle,alsocalledafancybuttshingle,whichhasadecorativecutatthebuttend.Theseareusedforareasofthehomewhereamoredecorativeappearanceisdesired,suchasthegableofaVictorianstylehome.

• Anothertypeisawoodshakeshingle,whichishand-splitanddoesnothaveauniformsize.

Fibre Cement

• Fibrecementsidingisapopularalternativetowoodorvinyl.Itismadeofcement,sandandcellulosefibre.

• Therearemanyadvantagestothistypeofsiding.Itisstrong,durableandwillnotbuckleorwarplikewood.However,itisheavierthanwood.

• Mostfibrecementsidingisavailableinavarietyoftexturesandcolours.

• Itisavailableaslapsidingforhorizontalinstallationoraspanelsforverticalinstallation.

Engineered Wood

• Engineeredwoodsidingismadeofwoodstrandscoatedwitharesinbinderandcompressed.Then,theboardiscoatedwithamoisture-resistantoverlaythathasawood-grainappearance.

• Thistypeofsidinginstallsandcutslikewood.However,manufacturerinstallationinstructionsmustbefollowedcarefullytoavoidproblemswithmoisture.

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Hardboard

• Hardboardsidingismadefromreconstitutednaturalwoodfibresandresins.

• Itistemperedtobedenseandmoistureresistant.However,itmustbeproperlyprimed,paintedandsealedagainstmoisture,oritissusceptibletoswelling.

• Someproductsareavailablepre-primed.

• Hardboardsidingisavailableinplanksforlapinstallationorinpanelsforverticalinstallation.

• Thequalityofpanelsisratedonnailheadpull-through,hardness,lateralnailresistanceandweatherabilityofthesubstrate.


Q: What is the advantage of wood siding over other types of exterior sidings?A:Woodactsasanaturalinsulator.Italsocanadddimensionalstabilitytothestructure.Q: How do I finish or treat wood siding? A: Mostwoodsidingcanbestainedorpainted,orfinishedwithaclearcoattoletthenaturalgrainshowthrough.Q: What kind of nail should I use to install wood siding? A:Useastainlesssteelnail,ahightensilestrengthaluminumnailorahot-dippedgalvanizednail.Thenailshouldhavearing-threadedorspiral-threadedshankforimprovedholdingpower.Q: What is back priming? A:Itmeansprimingthebacksideofthesiding.Youshouldalsoprimethecutedgessothewoodiscompletelysealedfrommoisture.Hardboard,fibrecement,engineeredwoodandlapwoodsidingisoftenavailablepre-primedonbothsidestosaveyouinstallationtime.Q: How do I cut and fasten fibre cement siding? A:Tocutfibrecementsiding,useasawbladespeciallydesignedforcuttingfibre-cement.Or,useshearsandascore-and-snapmethod.Tofastenit,usecorrosionresistantnails,eitherstainlesssteelorgalvanized.Youcanalsousegalvanizedscrews.Wedonotrecommendusingstaples.

Upselling Skills

• Suggestfibrecementproductswithlongmanufacturerwarranties.

• Somemanufacturersofferengineeredwoodsidingthathasself-aligningedgedesignsthatmakethemeasiertoinstall.

• Betterengineeredwoodsidingalsohasaspecialtreatmentthatprotectsagainsttermitesandrot.

• Whensellinganywoodorcompositesiding,suggestboardsthatarepre-primed,asthatwillsaveinstallationtime.

Add-On Sales

• Customersinstallingwoodsidingwillneedseveraltools,includingahammerandasaw.

• Theywillalsoneedatape measureandsquareformarkingcuts.

• Makesurethecustomerhasplentyofnails,andsuggestanail apronforconvenience.

• Customerswillneedbuilding paperforwrappingthestructurebeforeinstallingsiding.

• Foranyonenotbuyingpre-primedboards,recommendprimerforbackprimingbeforeinstallation.

• Customersmayneedcaulkforsealingedgesafterinstallation.

• Recommendcustomersuserespiratory protectionwhencuttingfibrecementsiding,asthedustcanbehazardous.

• Alsorecommendusingsafety glassesandgloves.


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Product Knowledge:

Asphalt Shingle

• Asphaltshinglesconsistofaheavymatsaturatedwithasphaltandcoatedwithceramicgranules.

• TheceramicgranulesgivetheroofcolourandprotecttheasphaltfromdamagefromUVrays,whichcanseverelyshortenthelifeofasphaltproducts.

• Theyuseself-sealingadhesivepatchesthatmeltintheheatofthesunandsealtheoverlappingtab.

• Asphaltshinglesareinstalledwithroofingnailsandoverthetopofsoliddeckingandroofingpaper.

• Theyareavailableinavarietyofstylesandcolours.

• Themostpopulartypeisthefibreglassshinglewherethematismadeoffibreglass,whichweighslessandcontainsmoreasphaltthanorganicshingles.

• Theorganicshingle,alsoknownasacompositionshingle,hasamatmadeofaheavypaper-likematerialmadefromwoodpulp.Itistypicallyheavierthanafibreglassshingleandnotasfireresistant.

There are two styles of asphalt shingles.

Three-tab Shingle

• Thethree-tabshingle,alsocalledthestripshingle,hasasinglethicknesswithanywherefromtwotofourtabsperstrip.

• Itcomesinvariousedgepatternsandsurfacetexturetreatments.

• Therearethreeorfourbundlespersquare(100sq.ft.).

• Commonsizesarewidthsof12”to13-1/4”,andlengthsof36”to40”.

• Typicalexposure(orhowmuchofoneshingleisexposed)is5”to5-5/8”,dependingonthemanufacturer.

• Weightis215to300lbs.persquare.

• HasaULfireratingofA(forfibreglassshingles)orC(fororganicshingles).

Architectural Shingle

• Anarchitecturalshingle,oftencalledlaminatedordimensionalshingle,consistsoftwolayersofshinglestogethertoachievethelookofawoodshake.Itisconsideredahigh-endshingle.

• Theshingleshaveaself-sealingstrip.

• Thistypehasthreetofourbundlespersquare.

• Commonsizesare12”to13-1/4”widths,and36”to40”lengths.

• Thetypicalexposureis5”to5-1/4”.

• Itsweightis250to340lbs.persquare.

•Thewarrantyperiodislongerthanthree-tabshingles,often30to50years.


Chapter 2: RoofingModule 1: Asphalt Roofing

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Selvage Edge Roll

• Selvageedgerollroofingisanasphalt-typerollthatisappliedlikeshingles,whereaportionoftherolloverlapstheother.Itisalsocalleddoublecoveragerollroofingbecauseoftheamountofoverlapitprovides.

• Thelowerpartoftherolliscoveredwithgranulesandthetophalfissmooth.Thisallowsforabetteradhesiveactiononthetoppartthatisdoublecovered.

• Thistypeofroofingshouldbeusedonlow-sloperoofs,orthosewitha3-in-12pitchorlower.

• Itisinstalledwithroofingnailsandasphaltlapcement

• Tworollscoveronesquare.

• Rollsare36’longand36”wide.Thestandardoverlapis19”withanexposureof17”.

• Selvageedgeroofingisavailableinseveralcolours,includingblackandwhite.

Surface Roll

• Surfacerollroofingisanasphalt-basedroofcoveredwithcolouredgranuleslikeshingles.

• Wheninstalled,ithasanoverlap,butnotasmuchasselvageedge.Itisconsideredasinglecoverageroll.Itisalsoheavierthansmoothrollroofing,soitlastslonger.

• Whileselvageedgerollroofingisusedonlow-sloperoofs,surfacerollroofingisforroofswithahigherpitch.Donotuseitonroofswithlessthana3-in-12slope.

• Itisusedforutilitybuildingsorasatemporaryroof.

• Itisinstalledusingroofingnailsandlapcement.

• Itcomesin36’to38’longrollsandit36”wide.

Smooth Surface Roll

• Aheavyasphaltsheetthatcomesinroll.

• Weightis40to65lbs.persquare.

• Foruseasatemporaryrooforasalayerofacommercialbuilt-uproofsystem.

• Doesnothavegranulescoveringit,butisdustedwithmicaflakestogiveitprotection.

• Rollsare36’longand36”wide.

• Endlapis6”andtoplapis2”.


Q: Why are the shingles I just installed already blowing off the roof?A: Onepossiblecauseisthattheshingleswerelaidinthefallorwinterandtheself-sealingtabneverhadtheopportunitytoproperlyseal.Thisdoesn’talwayshappen,butcan.Apossiblesolutionistoputasphaltadhesiveinacaulkinggunandtackdownthetabs,onebyone.

Q: What’s the difference between a roofing nail and a shingle nail?A:Aroofingnailhasalargeheadforholdingdownasphaltroofing,whichistypicallyasphaltshingles.Thelargeheadhelpsreduce“tearthrough.”Ashinglenailisjusta3dgalvanizedboxnailusedtofastenwoodshingles.

Q: Can dirt and debris buildup hurt my roof?A: Yes.Dirtanddebrissuchaslimbs,leavesorpinestrawcanholdmoisturethatcancausemildewanddamagetotheroof.


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Q: What is a “square” in roofing terms?A:Asquareis100sq.ft.ofshinglesonaroof.Shinglesaretypicallysoldinbundlesandwilltellyouhowmanybundlesittakestomakeasquare.

Q: What are some signs my roof is getting old or has problems?A:Wheninspectingyourroof,checkforcracked,warpedormissingshingles.Alsolookforseamsthatarelooseandflashingthathasdeteriorated.Lookintheguttersforexcessivegranulesthatarecomingloosefromtheroof.Also,ofcourse,checkinsideforleaks.

Q: How much should the roll roofing I’m using overlap?A: Itdependsonwhattypeofroofingyou’reusing.Forselvageedgerollroofing,therecommendedtoplapis19”withanexposureof17”.Usea6”endlap.Forsurfacerollroofing,therecommendedheadlapis2”to4”withanexposureof32”to34”.Therecommendedsidelapis6”.

Upselling Skills

• Anotherfeatureofaqualityasphaltshingleisahighimpactresistancethatminimizesthedamagecausedbyhailorotherobjectshittingtheroof.

• Somemanufacturersofferastainprotectionfeatureforasphaltshingles.Thisprotectsfromalgaestainsandstreaking,whichisacommonproblemthatcanleaveunsightlydiscolourationonaroof.

Add-on Sales

Herearesomeotheritemscustomerswillneediftheyarebuyingshingles.

• Anyoneputtingshinglesonaroofwillneedplentyofnails.

• Customerswillneedbuilder’s felttouseasanunderlaymentoranice barrierforextraprotection.

• You’llalsowanttohelpthemgetenoughstarter rollsforstartingtheshingleinstallation.

• Remindcustomerstogetenoughrollsofflashingandroof cementfortheproject.

• Askifthecustomerneedsaroof bootforflashingaroundventpipes.

• Toolsyourcustomersneedincludeautility knife andextra bladesforcuttingasphaltshingles;tin snipsforcuttingflashing;andachalk lineandmeasuring tapeforgettingthefirstrowofshinglesstarted.

• Suggesthand cleanerforcleaningupaftertheproject.

• Alwaysaskifcustomershavetheappropriatesafetyequipmentforworkingonaroof,includingaroofsafety harness,glovesandasafety helmet.

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Product Knowledge:

Wood Shingle

• AwoodshingleistypicallymadeofWesternredcedar,althoughcypressandredwoodarealsoused.

• Ithasasmoothsurfaceandistapersawn.

• Thisshinglecomesinrandomwidthsandlengthsof16”(calledFivex),18”(calledPerfections)and24”(calledRoyals).

• GradingdesignationsareNo.1(bluelabel),No.2(redlabel),No.3(blacklabel)andNo.4(undercoursing).

• Fourbundlescontainenoughshinglestocoveronesquare(100sq.ft.)atstandardexposure.

• Maybepressuretreatedtoprotectagainstdecay.Somemanufacturerswillalsotreatwithachemicalthatisfireresistant.

• Somemanufacturersoffera20to25yearlimitedwarranty.

Wood Shake

• Awoodshakeissimilartoawoodshingle,butitishandsplitinsteadofsawnandhasaroughsurfaceforamorerusticappearance.

• Shakesareinstalledlikewoodshingles,butthebuttsareoftenlaidoutunevenlyforamorerusticappearance.

• Exposureisgreaterthanbetweenwoodshingles:7-1/2”for18”shakes,10”for24”shakesand13”for32”shakes.

• Anothertypeisatapersawnshakethatisahybridofashakeandashingle.Itissawnonbothsidesbutthedimensionsaresimilartoashake.

Clay Tile

• Claytileismadefromclayfiredinakiln.

• Itisabletoendureharshconditionsandprotectagainstwind,hail,rainandfire.

• Sinceitishighlydurable,manymanufacturersofclaytileofferlongwarranties(asmanyas50years)ontheirproducts.

• Claytileistypicallyaterracottaredclaycolour,althoughothercoloursareavailable.

• MosttilesareunaffectedbyUVrays,whichmeanstheircolourwillnotfade.

• Heavierthanothertypesofroofing,soadditionalstructuralsupportmaybeneededtosupportaclaytileroof.Itisalsomoredifficulttoinstallthanothertypesofroofingmaterials.

• MissionstyleisthefamiliarroundedorS-shapedtile,oftencalledSpanishorBarreltile.

• Anothertypeistheflatclaytile,whichhasaflatoverlappingorinterlockingdesign.

• Othershapesandstylesofclaytileareavailable.

Module 2: Wood, Slate & Tile Roofing

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Slate Tile

• Slatetilesarecutfromnaturalstoneintoshinglesquares.

• Itisconsideredahigh-endroofproductandisexpensive.

• Ithashighstrength,durability,fireandwaterresistanceandrequireslowmaintenance.

• Slateisaverydurableroofproductandsomemanufacturersclaim75yearsoflifefromaslateroof.

• However,itsweightisthreetimesthatofasphaltshingles.

• Slatetilesareattachedtotheroofbynailingthroughpre-drilledholesintheshingle.

• Installationisdifficultandbestdonebyaprofessional.


Q: Do I need to put some kind of finish on my wooden shingle roof?A:Thereareseveraldifferentkindsofproductsyoucanputonyourwoodshingleorshakeroof.Dependingonthelookyouwant,youcanusetransparent,semi-transparentorbleachingoilpenetratingstain;solidcolourstain;orpaint.Checkwiththemanufacturer’sinstructionsfirsttoreviewfinishingrecommendations.

Q: What are the advantages of using wood shingles on my roof?A:Besidesthebeautyofnaturalwood,awoodenshakeorshingleisarenewableresourceandishighlydurableinextremeweathersuchashail,highwindandearthquakes.

Q: Can I just replace tiles instead of replacing the entire roof?A:Usuallythebestchoiceistoreplacetiles.Claytileslastaverylongtimeanditislikelythatmostoftheroofisingoodcondition.Aclaytileroofisalsoexpensivetoreplace.Anexperiencedroofercanreplaceindividualclaytiles.Checktheconditionofyourclaytileroofbyusingbinocularstocheckformissing,crackedorslippedtilesandmissingmortar.Besuretochecktheridge,horizontalrow,valleysandanyplacetheroofchangesdirection.

Q: Does a tile roof have a good insulation value?A:Thecombinationoftherooftiles,deckingandtheairspaceunderandbetweenthetilesmakesrooftilesgoodinsulators.

Q: Aren’t clay tile roofs expensive?A:Theyareeconomicalifyouconsidertheirlonglife,typically50yearsorlonger.Youmayreplaceanasphaltroofseveraltimesduringthelifespanofaclayroof.

Q: What type of sheathing do I need under wood shingles?A:Woodshinglesmaybeinstalledoversolidorspacedsheathing.Open,sheathingsavesmoneyandallowsshinglestodryoutquickly,andisoftenusedinmildclimates.Solidsheathingaddsinsulation,reducesairinfiltra-tionandisoftenusedincolderclimates.Ifyouareusingwoodshakes,usesolidsheathingundershakesandafeltunderlaybetweeneachcourseforareasthathavewind-drivensnow.

Add-on Sales

• Customersinstallingwoodshingleswillneedtofirstcovertheroofwiththeappropriatetypeofunderlayment.

• Suggestachalk lineandmeasuring tapeforensuringproperspacingforeachrowofshingle.

• Makesuretheyhaveacircular sawandutility knifeforcuttingshingles.

• Askiftheyhaveenoughgalvanized nailsfortheproject,aswellasahammer.

• Customerswillalsoneedaridge cap,speciallymadeforwoodshingles.

• Next,askcustomersiftheyplantostainorfinishtheshinglesinanyway,andthenhelpthemfindtheappropriateproduct.

• Aswithanyroofingproject,suggesttheappropriatesafetyequipmentforworkingonaroof,includingaroofsafety harness,glovesandasafety helmet.


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Product Knowledge:

Steel Panel

• Steelpanelsaresometimesusedtocoveraroof.Thesepanelsaregalvanizedandoftencoatedwithabaked-onenamel,siliconizedpaintorotherfinish.

• Thisisoftencalleda“standingseam”roof.

• Thesesteelpanelscanbeinstalledoverexistingroofordecking.Incommercialoragriculturalbuildings,itmaybeinstalleddirectlyontoframingmembers.

• Theyarecommonlyusedincommercial,farmandresidentialapplications.

• Panelsareinstalledwithnails,althoughsomemanufacturersmayofferaspecialinterlockingsystemthatcoversthenails.

• Steelpanelsaremostlyavailablecorrugated,butotherprofileshapesareavailable.Theyarealsoavailableinavarietyofcolours.

• Panelsareavailableinstandardandcustomlengths,tosuitmostjobrequirements.

Steel Shingle

• Asteelshinglecanbemadetomimictheappearanceofcedarshingles,slatetilesorclaytiles.

• Sincetheyarereflective,theyreflectthesun’sraysandaidincoolingcosts.

• Fire-resistantandrot-resistant.Alsoresistsrotting,cracking,splittingandbreaking.

• Maybesusceptibletodamagebyhailorhighwinds

• Steelshinglesarelonglasting.Somemanufacturerswillwarrantytheirproductupto50years.

• Theyareavailableinavarietyofcoloursandtextures.

Composite Shingle

• Compositeshinglesaremadeofcompositematerialsandmadetoresembleslate,woodorotherhigh-endroofingmaterialswithoutthehighcostassociatedwiththosematerials.

• Theyareeasytocutandinstall.

• Theyarealsolightweightandeasytomaintain.

• Theseshinglesusuallycomewithpreformedhipandridgeshingles.

Rolled Rubber Roof

• Rolledrubberroofmaterialsareusedprimarilyonflatroofs.

• Itiscommonincommercialandindustrialapplicationsandrequiresprofessionalinstallation.

• Rubberroofisthegenericnamecommonlyknowntoconsumers.Thereareseveraldifferenttypesandthefollowingaretwocommonclassifications.

• Polymer-modifiedbitumenormodifiedbitumen(MB)membraneisarollmaterialthatattachestotheroofwithhotasphaltorheat-welding.Itisalsocomposedofmultiplelayers.Itrequiressometopsurfacelikegravelormetalfoil,muchlikeabuilt-upmembraneroof.

• EPDM(ethylenepropylenedienemonomer)isarollmembranecomposedofethyleneandpropyleneandisthemostcommonlyusedroofmembrane.TheproductmostconsumersknowasrubberroofingisEPDM.

• Easy-to-useEPDMkitsforhomeownersareavailableandsomehaveaself-stickbacking.

Module 3: Metal & Snythetic Roofing

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Fibreglass Panel

• Someroofingpanelsaremadeoffibreglassorothertypeoffibreglassreinforcedplastic.

• Theyarepopularwithdo-it-yourselfersastheymakeagoodcoveringforapatioarea,garden/greenhouse,carportorboatshed.Theycanalsobeusedincommercialbuildingsorbarns.

• Fibreglasspanelsusuallyallowsomenaturallighttopassthrough,butopaquepanelsarealsoavailable.

• Theiradvantageistheywillnotrot,rustormildew.

• Fibreglasspanelsarecorrugatedorshapedtosomeprofile.

• Theirlengthsareusually8’,10’and12’.Acommonwidthis26”.Whenlapped2”,itcanbeplaced24”on-centrespacing.

Rubber Shingles

• Shinglesmadeofrubberanddesignedtosimulateslateorwoodshakes.

• Availableinathree-tabdesignandeasytoinstall.

• Verydurable.Manufacturersgenerallyofferalongwarranty.

• Insulateswellagainstextremeheatandcold.

• ResistsUVraysandresistsimpactfromhail.

• Doesnotrequireextrastructuralsupport.

Aluminum Shingle

• Lightweight.

• Canbemadetomimictheappearanceofcedarshinglesortile.

• Sincetheyarereflective,theyreflectthesun’sraysandaidincoolingcosts.

• Mostinstallbynailing,butsomemanufacturersofferaninterlockingsystemthatsealsallfouredgesofthetile.

• Longlasting.Somemanufacturerswillwarrantytheirproductupto50years.

• Doesnotrust,rot,attractinsects,dryorsplit.

• Fireresistant.

Mineral Copper Shingle

• Lightweight.

• Usesalockingsystemtosealoutweather.

• Longlasting.Manufacturerstypicallyofferlong-termwarranties.

• Easytoinstall.Installsdirectlyoverdeckingandrequiresnospecialtools.

• Installswithnails.

• Weatherstoagreencolour.

• Canbeusedoncommercialandresidentialroofs.

• Highresistancetofireandwind.

13


Q: Will a metal roof be noisy in the rain or attract lightning?A: Analuminumorsteelroofwillnotnecessarilybenoisyintherain.Aluminumshinglesshouldbeinstalledoverasoliddeck,andtheinsulationintheatticaswellasanyinsulationbetweenthedeckingandtheshingleswillhelpdeadenthesound.Theydonotattractlightningeither.However,iftheroofwerestruckbylightning,itwouldsafelydissipatethechargethroughoutthestructure.Theseroofsarealsofireresistant,sotheywillactuallyhelppreventthehousefromcatchingfireifthehousewerestruckbylightning.Q: Why are some metal roofs called “standing seam”? A:Astandingseamroofisonewheretheseambetweensheetsisraisedtobeabovethesheet,andthereforeislesslikelytoleak.Q: What kind of nails do I use with a steel panel roof? A:Themostcommonnailtouseisanailwithawasherthatsealstheholefromleaking.Thisisusedbecause,unlikeshingles,thenailonasteelpanelroofisexposed.Q: What is the advantage of a steel roof? A:Asteelroofdoesnotsupportthegrowthofmoss,mildeworfungus.Theyarealsolightweightandcanwithstandsevereweather.Theyalsolastlongerthansometypesofroofing.Q: Can I use an asphalt patching material to patch a rubber roof? A:No.Asphaltisnotcompatiblewithrubberroofing.Patchaccordingtothemanufacturersspecifications.Q: Does an EPDM roof require gravel on top? A:No.UnlikeanMBmembrane,EPDMisinstalledusinganadhesiveatthelappedjoints.Q: Can I install an EPDM rubber roof over an existing roof? A:YoucannotinstallanEPDMrubberroofdirectlyoverasphalt,tar,shinglesorfeltpaper.Installon5/8”plywoodorOSB.YoucaninstallitoverexistingroofingonlyifyoufirstplacetheplywoodorOSBdeckingovertheexistingroof.OilsintheasphaltandtarroofingwillcauseproblemsintheEPDM.Q: How thick of an EPDM rubber roof do I need? A:Formostapplications,a40or45milrollissufficient.Useathicker60or90miliftheroofwillbeinanareawhereyouneedgoodpunctureresistance,suchasanareawheretreelimbsmayfall.

Add-on Sales

• Forcustomersinstallingametalpanelroof,askiftheyneedsnipsorshearsforcuttingmetalpiecestosize.

• Askiftheyneedvent boots,andthenthemanufacturer’srecommendedcaulkforsealingaroundtheboot.

• Makesurecustomershavetheappropriateunderlaymenttoinstallundertheshingles.

• Alwaysrecommendcustomersusetheappropriatesafetyequipmentforworkingonaroof,includingaroof safety harness,glovesandasafety helmet.


14

Product Knowledge:

Builder’s Felt

• Builder’sfeltisanasphalt-saturatedfeltusedasanunderlaymentmaterialforshingles.

• Itisavailablein15or30lb.weights.

• A15lb.feltrollis36”x144’(432sq.ft.).Whenappliedwiththerecommendedheadlapof2”andendlapof4”,itcovers400sq.ft.

• A30lb.feltrollis36”x72”(216sq.ft.)Whenappliedwithrecommendedlaps,itcovers200sq.ft.

• Besureyouknowthelocalcoderequirementsforwhichweightoffeltisrequiredforroofinginyourarea.

Synthetic Felt

• Asyntheticversionofbuilder’sfelt,itoffersadditionalprotectiontotheroof.

• Itisavailablein4’x250’rolls.Largerrollsarefastertoinstall.

Flashing

• Flashingisarollof28-gauge,galvanizedsteel,paintedsteeloraluminum.

• Ithelpsshedwaterinareasthatarepronetoleaking,suchasvalleysandridges,wheretheroofmeetsachimneyoraroundventpipes.

• Flashingisavailableinrolls16”to24”wide.

• Itmaybereferredtoasopenvalleyflashing,wheretheshinglesarecutbackandflashingisvisible.

• Wheretheroofjoinsawall,theflashingiscalledstepflashing.

• Anothertypeofflashingthatdoesnotusemetalisclosedvalleyflashing.Here,90lb.mineralsurfacedrollroofingisusedandcentreedinthevalleyfromtoptobottomwiththeshingleswovenoverthetopofit.

• Someroofersmayusemetalroofedgingasflashingaroundtheedgeoftheroof.

Hip and Ridge Shingle

• Ahipandridgeshingleisdesignedspecificallytocovertheanglesformedbytwointersectingroofplanes,otherwiseknownasthehiporridge.

• Availableforeachofthevarioustypesofshinglesortiles.

• Installationissimilartofieldshinglesortiles.

Starter Roll

• Ashinglestarterrollfunctionsasthebeginningrunofanasphaltshingleinstallation.

• Itisinstalledalongaroof’seaveorrakeline.

• Astarterrolleliminatestheneedtouseshinglesasastarterstripandsavestime.

• Useitwithfibreglassandasphaltshingles.

Ice / Water Barrier

• Aniceandwaterbarrierisaproductappliedonthedeckofaroofundertheshinglestopreventwaterleakagecausedbyicedamming.

• Ithelpssealaroundnailstofurtherreducewaterleakage.

Module 4: Roofing Accessories

15

Roof Cement

• Roofcementisusedtofillgaps,openingsandpenetrationsintheroof.Itcanalsobeusedtosealdownshingletapsandtofillaroundflashingjoints.

• Roofcementcanalsobeusedonfloorsandwalls.

• Itisavailableinquart,1-gal.and5-gal.cans,andincaulkingcartridges.

Roof Coating

• Roofcoatingisusedonlow-sloperoofareas,includingmobilehomesandR.V.s.

• Applyitwithabrush.

• Therearetwotypes.Theunfibreedtypeisusedtorecoatoldroofsaspartofregularmaintenanceortohelpprotectmetalroofsfromcorrosion.

• Thefibreedtypeisheavierandusedinthesameplacesastheunfibreedwhenaheavier-dutyproductiswanted.


Q: What is an ice dam?

A:Anicedamisaconditionwherethetemperatureisjustbelowfreezingandthesnowhasfallenontheroof.Thecombinationofheatfromthesunandtheescapingbuildingheatcausesthesnowabovetheheatedspacetomelt.Themeltedsnowrunsdowntheroofuntilithitstheunheatedeaveoverhang.Iftheweatheriscoldenough,therunofffreezesandformsasmallridge.Astheprocesscontinues,theridgegrows.Soon,waterisbackedupoverthehouseandflowsundertheshingles,leakingintothehome.Q: So how do I prevent ice dams from happening on my roof? A:Threeways.Ifyouareinstallinganewroof,youcaninstallanice/watershieldasanunderlaymenttotheshingles.Second,youshouldhaveadequateinsulationintheattictokeepheatfromescaping,whichcausesthesnowtomelt.Third,theatticshouldhaveadequateventilationtoallowtheroofdecktoevenlycoolandhelppreventsnowontherooffrommelting.


Q: How do I know if my attic is properly ventilated? A:Ingeneral,theformulaisbasedonthesquarefootageoftheattic.Youshouldhaveoneventforevery150sq.ft.ofatticfloorspace.Theventsshouldbesplitbetweenhighandlowvents.Ifyouhaveavapourbarrier,youonlyneedoneventforevery300sq.ft.Q: How do I install the final shingle on a roof ridge? A:Themostimportantthingtorememberistotakecaretoensurethatanailisn’tleftuncoveredandbecomesapossiblesourceofaleak.Withasphaltshingles,thefinalshingleintherunmaybenailed,thenthenailcoveredwitharoofcementtopreventleaking.Anothermethodistoattachthefinalshinglewithasealant.

Add-on Sales

• Customersbuyingroofcoatingwillneedtofirstcleantheroof.Suggestawire brush,TSP cleanerandabroom.

• Toapplythecoating,suggestabrushorarollerandtray.

• Roofcoatingandcementisalsomessy,sosuggesttheappropriatecleaner,suchasmineral spirits.

• Customersbuyingbuilder’sfeltorashinglestarterrollwillneedautility knifewithextra bladesformakingcuts.

• Suggestsnipsforcuttingmetalflashing,andglovesforprotectingtheirhandswhilecutting.

• Theyalsomayneedcaulk forsealingtheareaswhereflashingmeetsachimney.

• Customerswillneedgalvanizedroofingnailsforattachingflashing,starterrollsorbuilder’sfelt.

16

Product Knowledge:

Guttering

• Gutteringcollectswateranddirectsitawayfromthehome.

• Agutteringsystemconsistsoflonglengthsofgutteringaswellasavarietyoffittingsandconnectors.

• Popularsizesofguttersare4”and5”.

• Itisavailableinavarietyofcolours.

• TheK-style(OG)isthemostpopular,whileahalf-roundstyleisalsoavailable.

• Continuousgutteringispopularandavoidsjointsinthegutter,butisusuallyinstalledbyaprofessional.

• Gutteringcanbemadeofseveraldifferenttypesofmaterial.Aluminumisthemostpopulartypeofgutteringandusedonmosthomestoday.

• Galvanizedgutteringissturdy,butisunpaintedandrequiressometypeoffinish.Thistypemustalsobecleanedregularlyifitistolast.

• Vinylgutteringiseasytoinstallandismanufacturedspecificallywiththedo-it-yourselferinmind.

Downspout

• Adownspoutattachestotheguttertocarrywaterdownthesideofthehouse.

• Rainfallcapacityofagutteringsystemislargelydependentonthesizeandnumberofdownspoutsratherthanstrictlyguttersize.

• Downspoutsareusuallyrectangularinshapeandcomein10’lengths.

• Popularsizesofdownspoutsare2”x3”,3”x4”and4”x5”.

• Itisoftenusedwithasplashblock,whichdivertswaterawayfromthefoundationofthehouse.Strap

• Astrapattachesthegutterdownspouttothesideofthehouse. Elbow

• Anelbowdivertsthedirectionofthedownspoutby45°.

• Asquareelbowisavailableintwodifferentstyles.

• Asquareshoestyleelbowisusedatthebottomofthedownspouttohelpdivertwaterawayfromthehouse.

Mitre

• Amitrechangesthedirectionofarunofgutter.

• Anoutsidemitreisusedforaninsideturnofagutter.

• Aninsidemitreisusedforanoutsideturnofagutter.


Chapter 3: Guttering

17

End Cap

• Anendcapstopsarunofgutter.

Spike & Ferrule

• Spikesandferrulesareusedtoholdaguttertotheeaveoftheroof.

• Thespikeisinsertedthroughtheferrule.

• Theferrulehelpsholdthewidthofthegutter.

Gutter Leaf Guard

• Gutterleafguardskeepleavesoutofthegutterwhilelettingrainwaterin.

• Avarietyofstylesareavailablefromdifferentmanufacturers,buttherearetwomaintypes.

• Onetypeisplacedinsidethegutter.Thesemaybemadeoffoamormadetolooklikeabottlebrush.

• Anothertypesitsontopofthegutter.Thesemaybescreensorsolidcoversthatallowleavesanddebristopassoverthegutterwhilelettinginwater.


Q: How do I fix a leak in my gutter?

A:Forsometypesofguttering,therearerepairtapesthatquicklyandeasilypatchholes.Or,youcanpatchitusingcementandapatchofthesamematerialasthegutter.Forlargerholes,youmaywanttoreplacetheentiresectionofgutter.

Q: How much of a slope should my gutters have?

A:Allowafallofabout1-1/4”forevery20’lengthofgutteringmaterial.

Q: How often should I inspect the gutters on my house?

A: Inspectthematleasttwiceayear,inthespringandfall.Besuretoclearoutallleavesanddebris.

Q: What are some problem areas in the guttering system?

A: Checkforhighspotswherewatermightnotfloworlowspotsinthegutterwherewatermightcollect.Correctthatproblembyeitherinstallingadditionalspikesandferrulesorbybendingthehangerthatsupportsthegutter.Fixleaksorholesinthegutterbypatchingorreplacingasectionofthegutter.


Add-on Sales

Herearesomeproductsyoucansuggesttocustomersforeithergutterrepairornewinstallation.

• Theywillneedsheetmetalscrewsalongwithascrewdriverforconnectinggutteringpieces.

• Customersmayalsoneed rivets andarivet gunforattachingpieces.

• Askifcustomershaveahacksawforcuttinggutterstolength.

• Remindthemtheywillalsoneedtheappropriatelength ladder.

• Suggestatape measureandachalk lineforplanningtherunofgutter.

• Customerswillalsoneedguttersealantforsealingjoints.

• Finally,don’tforgettorecommendgloves.

study guide: siding & roofing -...

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