study of granulated blast fur nace slag as … · is 4031 part -5 [9] initial setting time 85...

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International Journal of Civil Engineering and Technology (IJCIET)Volume 8, Issue 8, August 2017, pp.

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ISSN Print: 0976-6308 and ISSN Online: 0976

© IAEME Publication

STUDY OF GRANULATED BLAST FUR

SLAG AS FINE AGGREGATE

Research Scholar, Department

GITAM University, Visakhapatnam

Professor, Department of Civil Engineering,

GITAM University, Visakhapatnam

Post Graduation Student

Department of Civil Engineering, GITAM University, Visakhapatnam

Post Graduation Student


ABSTRACT

India is witnessing a rapid growth in construction industry which requires use of

natural resources. Sand is a

in many parts of the country due to restrictions on sand quarrying as it is a non

renewable resource and non

increase in cost of sand signi

need to search for an alternate material. One alternative is the utilization of industrial

by products and waste materials in mortar and concrete, which leads to a sustainable

development. In present study, granulated blast furnace slag (GBFS) is used as an

alternate to river sand. In this investigation, mortar with proportions of 1:3 and 1:4

were considered for 0, 25, 50, 75 and 100 % replacement of natural sand with GBFS

for w/c ratios of 0.45 and 0

prisms of size (230 x 230 x 250) mm. Compressive strength of mortar and masonry

were tested for various replacements. The results confirm that addition of GBFS up to

50% for 1:3 and 25% for 1:4 showed

natural sand. From this study it can be concluded that GBFS can be used as an

alternative to natural sand in mortar applications upto certain replacement. However

further increase in slag caused reduction in c

absorption in GBFS than natural sand.

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International Journal of Civil Engineering and Technology (IJCIET) 2017, pp. 550–560, Article ID: IJCIET_08_08_056

http://www.iaeme.com/ijciet/issues.asp?JType=IJCIET&VType=8&IType=8

8 and ISSN Online: 0976-6316

Scopus Indexed

GRANULATED BLAST FUR

FINE AGGREGATE IN MORTAR

MASONRY

A.V. Murali Mohan Rao

Research Scholar, Department of Civil Engineering,

GITAM University, Visakhapatnam, A.P, India

Kode Venkata Ramesh

Professor, Department of Civil Engineering,

GITAM University, Visakhapatnam, A.P, India

Y.S.L. Vinayak

Post Graduation Students, Master of Technology,


G. Sudheer

Post Graduation Students, Master of Technology,



natural resources. Sand is an important constituent of mortar and is becoming scarce

in many parts of the country due to restrictions on sand quarrying as it is a non

renewable resource and non-availability of sand in some parts of the country led to an

increase in cost of sand significantly. As demand is increasing day by day, there is a



study, granulated blast furnace slag (GBFS) is used as an



for w/c ratios of 0.45 and 0.56. The specimens casted were mortar cubes and masonry



50% for 1:3 and 25% for 1:4 showed relatively higher strength when compared with



further increase in slag caused reduction in compressive strength due to higher water

absorption in GBFS than natural sand.

[email protected]

asp?JType=IJCIET&VType=8&IType=8

GRANULATED BLAST FURNACE

IN MORTAR AND

Department of Civil Engineering, GITAM University, Visakhapatnam, A.P, India

Department of Civil Engineering, GITAM University, Visakhapatnam, A.P, India


n important constituent of mortar and is becoming scarce

in many parts of the country due to restrictions on sand quarrying as it is a non-

availability of sand in some parts of the country led to an

ficantly. As demand is increasing day by day, there is a



study, granulated blast furnace slag (GBFS) is used as an



.56. The specimens casted were mortar cubes and masonry



relatively higher strength when compared with



ompressive strength due to higher water

Study of Granulated Blast Furnace Slag as Fine Aggregate in Mortar and Masonry

http://www.iaeme.com/IJCIET/index.asp 551 [email protected]

Key words: Natural sand, Granulated blast furnace slag, Mortar, Brick masonry,

Compressive strength.

Cite this Article: A.V. Murali Mohan Rao, Kode Venkata Ramesh, Y.S.L. Vinayak

and G. Sudheer, Study of Granulated Blast Furnace Slag as Fine Aggregate in Mortar

and Masonry. International Journal of Civil Engineering and Technology, 8(8), 2017,

pp. 550–560.

http://www.iaeme.com/IJCIET/issues.asp?JType=IJCIET&VType=8&IType=8

1. INTRODUCTION

Fine aggregate is one of the important constituents of mortar and concrete and plays a

significant influence on the properties of mortar and concrete. Fine aggregates occupy thrice

the volume of cement which affects the performance of mortar. In general, as demand of

natural sand is quite high in developing countries like India consumption of river sand is

increasing day by day due to mass production of concrete and mortar in construction

activities. The excessive quarrying of sand from river beds resulting in vast depletion of

natural resources, causing a serious threat to future generations and in some parts of the

country there is an increase in the cost of sand due to growing restrictions on quarrying and

non-availability of sand lead to scarcity of sand. In this situation, construction industry and

researchers are looking for a cheap and alternative materials to natural sand. Latest

innovations in concrete technology are focusing on sustainable development by using

industrial by-products possessing similar properties of fine aggregate. The various alternative

materials available for replacement of river sand are manufactured sand, gold mine tailing,

stone powder, quarry saw dust, foundry sand, demolished waste, municipal incineration waste

ash, bottom ash and granulated blast furnace slag (GBFS) [1]. Generally, the use of granulated

blast-furnace slag as a fine aggregate in cement mortar and concrete provides environmental

and economic benefits. GBFS is a by-product obtained from quenching molten iron slag from

the blast furnace in water or steam to produce a glassy, granular product. GBFS is glassy

particle and is granular in nature having similar particle size range like sand. GBFS is

available in huge quantity as an industrial by product in Visakhapatnam at very low cost and

63,000 tonnes of steel slag is produced every year [2]. The particle size distribution of the

GBFS in present work was found to be within the permissible limits of Indian standards.

Present study explores the possibility of using GBFS as replacement of natural sand in mortar

and its applications. In this work, cement mortar mixes 1:3 & 1:4 were selected for 0, 25, 50,

75 and 100% replacements of natural sand with GBFS for w/c ratios of 0.45 and 0.56

respectively.

2. LITERATURE REVIEW

Mohammed Nadeem[2] et al.,investigated the influence of granular slag as fine aggregate in

mortar. In their investigation, cement mortar mixes 1:3, 1:4, 1:5 and 1:6 by volume were

considered for 0, 25, 50, 75 and 100% replacements of natural sand with granular slag with

w/c ratios 0.6, 0.65, 0.70 and 0.72 and tested for compressive strength. The test results

indicate that at 75% replacement level there is an increase in compressive strength for 1:3 and

1:4 mixes and at 50% replacement level for 1:5 and 1:6 mixes. They recommended GBFS

could be utilized as an alternative to natural sand at all replacements for masonry & plastering

applications.

Khalifa. Al-Jabri[3] et al., investigated the effect of copper slag as fine aggregate on the

properties of cement mortars and concrete. In their study various mortar and concrete

mixtures were considered with different proportions of copper slag ranging from 0% (for the

control mixture) to 100% as fine aggregate. Cement mortar mixtures were evaluated for

A.V. Murali Mohan Rao, Kode Venkata Ramesh, Y.S.L. Vinayak and G. Sudheer


compressive strength, whereas concrete mixtures were evaluated for workability, density,

compressive strength, tensile strength, flexural strength and durability. The test results

revealed that, the compressive strength of both cement mortar and concrete increased up to

50% and 40% replacements of copper slag. Further increase in copper slag content resulted in

decrease in strength. From their study, they recommended an optimum replacement of 40-

50% of copper slag with fine aggregate in cement mortar and concrete.

Omer Ozkhan[4] et al., investigated on compressive strength and durability of concrete

incorporating coal bottom ash(CBA) and granulated blast furnace slag (GBFS). In their

research, two concrete mixtures M1and M2 were considered. In M1, fine aggregate is

replaced with GBFS and coarse aggregate with CBA for 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30%

replacements levels using w/c ratio 0.5 at 7, 28 and 90 days. The test results indicated that

workability of fresh concrete decreased with increase in replacement of fine and coarse

aggregates using GBFS and CBA respectively. For both the mixes, decrease in workability is

due to irregular shape of GBFS and absorption of more water. Based on their findings, they

suggested that the replacement level should be limited to 20% in fine aggregate and coarse

aggregate.

B.V. Venkatarama Reddy [5] et al., investigated the influence of sand grading on the

characteristics of mortar and soil-cement block masonry. Cement mortar (1:6) and cement

lime mortar (1:1:6) with different w/c ratios were considered. They conducted compressive

strength tests on cement mortar. They observed an increase in w/c ratio as fineness of sand

increased. The test results revealed that the compressive strength of cement-lime mortar was

more sensitive to fineness of sand as compared to cement mortar. They concluded that the

masonry prisms made with cement–lime mortar showed a decrease in compressive strength

with finer sand as compared to coarser sand.

M C Nataraja[6] et al., investigated the use of granulated blast furnace slag as fine

aggregate in cement mortar. In their study, cement mortar mixes 1:3 by volume for 0, 25, 50,

75 and 100% replacements of natural sand with granular slag with w/c ratio of 0.50 is

considered. Further they have extended their work to 100% replacement of fine aggregate

with GBFS for w/c ratio of 0.40 and 0.60. They studied the flow characteristics of various

mixes and compressive strength at various ages. Based upon their experimental results, GBFS

could be utilized partially as construction materials for natural sand to mortar appliances.

2.1. Objective & Scope of Study

To study the feasibility of GBFS as replacement to fine aggregate in cement mortar and

masonry mixes 1:3 and 1:4 with 0, 25, 50, 75 and 100% replacement of natural sand with

GBFS. Compressive strength of mortar and masonry was investigated.

3. MATERIAL CHARACTERIZATION

3.1. Cement

Ordinary Portland cement (OPC), 53 Grade confirming to Indian standard IS: 12269-

1987[8]was used in making cement mortar. The physical properties of cement are shown in

Table 1.

Study of Granulated Blast Furnace Slag as Fine Aggregate in Mortar and Masonry


Table 1 Physical Properties of OPC 53 Grade Cement

Properties Test Values Standard Limits IS Code

Specific gravity 3.15 3.15 IS 4031 Part -5

[9]

Initial setting time 85 minutes Not less than 30

minutes

IS 4031 Part -5

[9]

Final setting time 245 minutes Not more than 600

minutes

IS 4031 Part -5

[9]

Standard consistency 33% Min.23-33% IS 4031 Part -4

[9]

% Residue on 90 µm sieve 8.2% Not more than 10% IS 4031 Part -2

[9]

Compressive strength, MPa Minimum

IS:12269-1987

[8]

@ 3-days 29.45 27.00

@ 7-days 40.00 37.00

@ 28-days 53.38 53.00

3.2. River Sand

The sand used for this investigation confirms to grading zone-II as per IS: 383-1970 [10]. The

physical properties of sand are shown in Table 2.

Table 2 Physical Properties of Sand

3.3. Granulated Blast Furnace Slag

Granulated blast furnace slag (GBFS) 4.75mm to 75 micron used in this project from Vizag

Steel Plant, Visakhapatnam. The physical properties of GBFS are shown in Table 3.

Table 3 Physical Properties of GBFS


Specific gravity 3.02 Min 2.6 IS 2386 (Part -3) -(1963) [11]

Water absorption 1.22% Not more than 3% IS 2386 (Part -3) -(1963) [11]

Fineness modulus 2.8 2.2-3.2 IS 2386 (Part -1) -(1963) [11]

3.4. Water

Fresh potable water confirming to IS: 456-2000[12] was used for casting and curing. Water in

the required quantities was measured using a graduated jar and added to the dry mixture.

3.5. Sieve Analysis of Sand & GBFS

Sand grading can influence the characteristics of mortar and masonry. Sieve analysis for sand

and GBFS are shown in Table 4. Grading curve of sand and GFBS shown in Fig. 1.


Specific gravity 2.81 Min 2.6 IS 2386 (Part -3) -(1963) [11]

Water absorption 0.41% Not more than 3% IS 2386 (Part -3) -(1963) [11]

Fineness modulus 2.7 2.2-3.2 IS 2386 (Part-1) -(1963) [11]

A.V. Murali Mohan Rao, Kode


Table 4

Figure 1

3.6. Burnt Clay Bricks

The bricks used in this study are the handmade burnt clay bricks of uniform shape and size.

The dimension of the bricks is measured using measuring scale. Burnt clay bricks was tested

for their suitability as per IS: 1077

tabulated in Table 5.

Table 5

Properties

Dimensions and Tolerance

Length

Width

Height

Compressive Strength

Absorption

4. COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH

The cement mortar specimen of dimensions 70.6mm ×70.6mm ×70.6mm were casted as per

IS: 2250-1981[15] for each type of mix

and 1:4 with GBFS replacement of 0, 25, 50, 75 and 100% were tested for 3, 7 and 28 days

for determining compressive strength.

test set up for compressive strength of mortar cube are shown in Fig. 2.

Is Sieve No NATURAL

SAND

10 mm

4.75 mm

2.36 mm

1.18 mm

600 µm

300 µm

150 µm

-20

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

0.10

% P

ass

ing



Percentage Passing in Natural Sand & GBFS

Figure 1 Gradation of Natural Sand and GBFS

ks used in this study are the handmade burnt clay bricks of uniform shape and size.


for their suitability as per IS: 1077-1992 [13] and IS: 3495-1992 [14]. The test

Table 5 Physical Properties of Burnt Clay Bricks

Test Values Standard Limits IS Code

Dimensions and Tolerance

IS:1077-1992 230 mm 226-234 mm

109 mm 108-112 mm

71 mm 68-72 mm

6.5 MPa

----

IS:3495-1992 15.46 % Not more than 20%

COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH OF CEMENT MORTAR


each type of mix mortar cubes were casted. The mortar mixes of 1:3


for determining compressive strength. The results are tabulated in Table 6 and Table 7 and

e strength of mortar cube are shown in Fig. 2.

Percentage Passing Grading Limits For

Zone II Sand as Per

[10] NATURAL

SAND GBFS

100 100 100

96.7 99.6 90-100

93.38 94.1 75-100

81.65 52.5 55-90

48.95 22.3 35-59

2.14 3.2 8-30

0.1 0.6 0-10

1.00 10.00

Seive size, mm

SAND GBFS

Venkata Ramesh, Y.S.L. Vinayak and G. Sudheer

[email protected]

ks used in this study are the handmade burnt clay bricks of uniform shape and size.


The test results were

IS Code

1992 [13]

1992 [14]


mortar cubes were casted. The mortar mixes of 1:3


in Table 6 and Table 7 and

Grading Limits For

as Per (IS 383)

Study of Granulated Blast Furnace Slag


Figure 2 Photograph showing the test set up for compressive strength of mortar cube

Table 6 Compressive Strength of

Sl.no Mortar

Mix in %

SAND

Minimum Strength Required

IS:12269-1987 [8]

1.

1:3

100%

2.

3.

4.

5.

Table 7 Compressive Strength of

Sl.no Mortar

Mix in % by

SAND

Minimum strength required as per

IS:12269-1987 [8]

1.

1:4

100%

2. 75%

3. 50%

4. 25%

5. 0%

5. COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH OF BRICK

The compressive strength of brick masonry prisms depends upon the brick and cement

mortar. This prism test method evaluates the compressive strength of brick masonry. Mortar is

used in masonry for binding the two units.

the two bricks and kept it for moist curing. Five units were casted for each mix of 1:3 and 1:4

with GBFS replacement of 0, 25, 50, 75 and 100%. Brick masonry specimens were tested for

mortar joint for crushing strength at 28 days. The specimens are placed in between the plates

for uniform load distribution and tested under compression testing machine as shown in Fig. 3

and the results are tabulated in Table 8.

Study of Granulated Blast Furnace Slag as Fine Aggregate in Mortar


showing the test set up for compressive strength of mortar cube

Compressive Strength of Mortar (1:3)by Replacement of Sand withGBFS (

Replacements

n % by Weight of Sand

Average Compressive Strength,

MPa

SAND GBFS 3 DAYS 7 DAYS

Minimum Strength Required as Per 27.00 37.00

100% 0% 29.45 40.00

75% 25% 28.42 37.16

50% 50% 27.41 35.44

25% 75% 22.26 25.08

0% 100% 16.72 25.41

Compressive Strength of Mortar (1:4) by Replacement of Sand with GBFS (

Replacements

in % by Weight of Sand Average Compressive Strength, MPa

SAND GBFS 3 days 7 days

Minimum strength required as per 27.00 37.00

100% 0% 26.95 34.17

75% 25% 25.07 35.27

50% 50% 24.24 34.44

25% 75% 23.13 29.82

0% 100% 19.39 28.95

VE STRENGTH OF BRICK MASONRY PRISMS



used in masonry for binding the two units. The mortar of 10mm thickness is applied between



ng strength at 28 days. The specimens are placed in between the plates


and the results are tabulated in Table 8.

and Masonry

[email protected]

showing the test set up for compressive strength of mortar cube

GBFS (w/c- 0.45)

verage Compressive Strength,

28 DAYS

53.00

53.38

54.17

55.21

47.48

43.07

GBFS (w/c- 0.56)

Average Compressive Strength, MPa

28 days

53.00

50.49

51.82

47.35

43.80

41.46

MASONRY PRISMS



The mortar of 10mm thickness is applied between



ng strength at 28 days. The specimens are placed in between the plates




Figure 3 Photograph showing

Figure 4 Photograph

Table 8 Compressive Strength of Brick Masonry Prisms

Sl.no

Replacements

in % by weight of

SAND

1. 100%

2. 75%

3. 50%

4. 25%

5. 0%

6. RESULTS AND DISCUSSI

6.1. Mortar Compressive Strength

The compressive strength of mortar containing various replacements of GBFS for 1:3 and 1:4

mortar mixtures is shown in Fig. 5 and Fig. 6. The

marginally upto replacements level of 50% for 1:3 and 25% for 1:4 mix pr

compressive strength of mortar for 1:3 mix proportion increased 1.47% & 3.42% for 25% and

50% replacement and for 75% and 100% replacement there is reduction in strength by

11.05% and 19.31% respectively. Similarly, the compressive strength

proportion increased marginally by

17.88%, for 50%, 75% and 100% respectively.



Photograph showing the test set up of brick masonry prism

Photograph showing failure pattern of brick masonry prism

Compressive Strength of Brick Masonry Prisms by Replacement of Sand with

Replacements

in % by weight of Sand

Average Compressive Strength at Age of

28 days, MPa

GBFS Cement Mortar

1:3 (w/c – 0.45) 1:4 (w/c

0% 3.43

25% 3.39

50% 3.22

75% 2.56

100% 2.39

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

Mortar Compressive Strength


Fig. 5 and Fig. 6. The compressive strength of mortar increased

marginally upto replacements level of 50% for 1:3 and 25% for 1:4 mix pr



11.05% and 19.31% respectively. Similarly, the compressive strength of mortar for 1:4 mix

proportion increased marginally by 2.63% for 25% and decreased by 6.63%, 13.25% &

17.88%, for 50%, 75% and 100% respectively.


[email protected]

masonry prism

masonry prism

by Replacement of Sand with GBFS at 28 days

rength at Age of

Cement Mortar

1:4 (w/c – 0.56)

4.79

3.47

2.97

2.19

1.65


compressive strength of mortar increased

marginally upto replacements level of 50% for 1:3 and 25% for 1:4 mix proportions. The



of mortar for 1:4 mix

2.63% for 25% and decreased by 6.63%, 13.25% &



Figure 5 Compressive strength of mortar (1:3)

Figure 6 Compressive strength of

6.2. Brick Masonry Compressive Strength

The compressive strength of brick masonry prisms containing various rep

for 1:3 and 1:4 mortar mixtures is shown in Fig. 9. The crushing strength decreased as the

percentage replacement of sand with GBFS increased. The percentage reduction in crushing

strength is 1.17, 6.12, 25.36 and 30.32 for 25, 50, 75 and

Similarly, the crushing strength of brick masonry prisms for 1:4 mix proportion decreased by

27.55, 37.99, 54.28 and 65.55 for 25, 50, 75 and 100% replacements respectively. The brick

masonry prisms are shown in Fig. 7 and

Figure 7 Photograph showing the brick masonry prisms with 1:3 mix at 50%

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

0%Co

mp

ress

ive

stre

ng

th,M

Pa

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

0%

Co

mp

ress

ive

stre

ng

th,M

Pa



mortar (1:3) replacing different levels as fine aggregate

28 days

Compressive strength of mortar (1:4) replacing different levels of fine aggregate

at 3, 7 and 28 days

Compressive Strength

of brick masonry prisms containing various replacements of GBFS



strength is 1.17, 6.12, 25.36 and 30.32 for 25, 50, 75 and 100% replacements respectively.



masonry prisms are shown in Fig. 7 and Fig. 8.

Photograph showing the brick masonry prisms with 1:3 mix at 50%

26.95 25.07 24.2423.13 19.39

34.17 35.27 34.44 29.82 28.95

50.49 51.8247.35 43.8 41.46

0% 25% 50% 75% 100%

Replacement of GBFS as sand,%

3 Days 7 Days 28 Days

29.45 28.42 27.41

22.26 16.72

40 37.1635.44

25.08 25.41

53.38 54.17 55.2147.48 43.07

0% 25% 50% 75% 100%

Replacement of GBFS as sand,%

3 Days 7 Days 28 Days

and Masonry

[email protected]

replacing different levels as fine aggregate with GBFS at 3, 7 and

replacing different levels of fine aggregate with GBFS

lacements of GBFS



100% replacements respectively.



Photograph showing the brick masonry prisms with 1:3 mix at 50%



Figure 8 Photograph

Figure 9 Compressive strength

7. CONCLUSIONS

From the experimental investigation, the fol

• GBFS can be used as an alternative to natural sand and helps in maintaining the environment

as well as economical balance and it is recommended as an alternative to na

producing cement mortar up to 50% replacement.

• The optimum replacement of GBFS for compressive strength of mortar has been found to be

50% for 1:3 mixtures and 25% for 1:4 mixtures.

• Due to higher water absorption of GBFS than natural sand, t

decreased as replacement increased beyond 50% and 25% for 1:3 and 1:4 mortar mixes.

• The optimum replacement of GBFS for crushing strength of masonry prisms are in same line

with mortar strengths and dependent on each other.

REFERENCES

[1] Anzar Hamid Mir “

advances in concrete technology”

Applications, ISSN: 2248

[2] Mohammed Nadeem, Pofale A. D, “Replacement of natural fine aggregate with granular

slag - a waste industrial by

construction material”, (IJERA)International Journal of Engineering Research and

Applications, Issn:2248

3.434.79

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

0%

Co

mp

ress

ive

Str

eng

th, M

Pa



Photograph showing the brick masonry prisms with 1:4 mix at

Compressive strength of brick masonry prisms of natural sand with GBFS at 28 days

From the experimental investigation, the following conclusions were arrived

GBFS can be used as an alternative to natural sand and helps in maintaining the environment

as well as economical balance and it is recommended as an alternative to na

producing cement mortar up to 50% replacement.

The optimum replacement of GBFS for compressive strength of mortar has been found to be

50% for 1:3 mixtures and 25% for 1:4 mixtures.

Due to higher water absorption of GBFS than natural sand, the compressive strength


The optimum replacement of GBFS for crushing strength of masonry prisms are in same line

with mortar strengths and dependent on each other.

Anzar Hamid Mir “Replacement of natural sand with efficient alternatives: recent

advances in concrete technology” International Journal of Engineering Research and

Applications, ISSN: 2248-9622, Vol. 5, Issue 3, (Part -3) March 2015, PP:51

Nadeem, Pofale A. D, “Replacement of natural fine aggregate with granular

a waste industrial by-product in cement mortar applications as an alternative


ssn:2248-9622, Vol.2, Issue.5, September- October 2012, PP:1258

3.393.22

2.56

2.39

4.79

3.47

2.97

2.19

1.65

0% 25% 50% 75% 100%

Replacement of GBFS as sand, %

Mortar (1: 3) Mortar (1: 4)


[email protected]

1:4 mix at 25%

of brick masonry prisms of natural sand with GBFS at 28 days

lowing conclusions were arrived

GBFS can be used as an alternative to natural sand and helps in maintaining the environment

as well as economical balance and it is recommended as an alternative to natural sand for

The optimum replacement of GBFS for compressive strength of mortar has been found to be

he compressive strength


The optimum replacement of GBFS for crushing strength of masonry prisms are in same line

of natural sand with efficient alternatives: recent

International Journal of Engineering Research and

3) March 2015, PP:51-58.

Nadeem, Pofale A. D, “Replacement of natural fine aggregate with granular

product in cement mortar applications as an alternative


October 2012, PP:1258-1264.



[3] Khalifa S. Al-Jabri, Abdullah H. Al

aggregate on the properties of cement mortars and concrete”, Construction and Building

Materials, 2011, Vol. 25, PP: 933

[4] Omer Ozkan, Isa Yuksel, OzgurMuratoglu., “Strength properties of concrete incorporating

coal bottom ash and granulated blast furnace slag”, Waste Management, 2007, Vol. 27,

PP: 161–167.

[5] Venkatarama Reddy, B.V. and

characteristics of mortars and soil

Materials 22 (2008) 1614

[6] Nataraja M C, Dileep Kumar P G, “Use of granulated blast furnace slag as fine aggregate

in cement mortar”,

Research, Vol.2, Issue.2, May 2013, PP: 59

[7] M.S. Shetty, (2004), Concrete technology, Chand S. and Co Ltd, India.

[8] IS:12269-1987: Specifications of 53 grade OPC, Bureau of Indian Standard

[9] IS:4031-1988 (part 1

for hydraulic cement, Bureau of Indian Standards, New Delhi.

[10] IS:383-1970: Specifications for Coarse and Fine Aggregates from Natural Sources of

Concrete, Bureau of Indian Standards, New Delhi.

[11] IS:2386-1963: Indian standard code of practice for methods of testing aggregates for

concrete, Bureau of Indian Standards, New Delhi.

[12] IS: 456-2000: Indian standard plain and reinforced concrete

Indian standards, New Delhi.

[13] IS: 1077-1992: Indian standard common burnt clay bricks

standards, New Delhi.

[14] IS:3495-1992:Indian standard methods of tests of burnt clay building bricks,

Indian standards, New D

[15] IS: 2250-1981: Indian standard code of practice for preparation and use of masonry

mortars, Bureau of Indian Standards, New Delhi.

[16] Anand V R, Dr. A. V.

on the Performance of High Volume

International Journal of Civil Engineering and Technology , 8(2), 2017, pp. 328

[17] Jean Bosco Nemeyabahizi and Aanchna Sharma Partial Replacement of Cement with

Combination of Rice Husk Ash and Ground Gran

Experimental Analysis

2017, pp. 773–782

AUTHOR PROFILE

Mr. A.V.

department, working for state g

presently working as district co

govt. oriented). While he was working for APHMHIDC as well as GHMC

on deputation basis, number of major projects such as super speciality

hospital con

respectively. He also executed number of drinking water project at rural

area in Andhra Pradesh and got best engineer award. He is the member of institution of

engineers India.



Jabri, Abdullah H. Al-Saidy, RamziTaha., “Effect of copper slag as a fine


2011, Vol. 25, PP: 933–938.

Omer Ozkan, Isa Yuksel, OzgurMuratoglu., “Strength properties of concrete incorporating


Venkatarama Reddy, B.V. and Ajay Gupta., “Influence of sand grading on the

characteristics of mortars and soil–cement block masonry”, Construction and Building

Materials 22 (2008) 1614–1623.

Nataraja M C, Dileep Kumar P G, “Use of granulated blast furnace slag as fine aggregate

in cement mortar”, (IJSCER) International Journal of Structural and Civil Engineering

Research, Vol.2, Issue.2, May 2013, PP: 59-68.

M.S. Shetty, (2004), Concrete technology, Chand S. and Co Ltd, India.

1987: Specifications of 53 grade OPC, Bureau of Indian Standard

1988 (part 1- 6): Indian Standard code of practice for methods of physical tests

for hydraulic cement, Bureau of Indian Standards, New Delhi.

1970: Specifications for Coarse and Fine Aggregates from Natural Sources of

Bureau of Indian Standards, New Delhi.

1963: Indian standard code of practice for methods of testing aggregates for

concrete, Bureau of Indian Standards, New Delhi.

Indian standard plain and reinforced concrete-code of practice, Bure


1992: Indian standard common burnt clay bricks-specifications, Bureau of Indian

standards, New Delhi.

1992:Indian standard methods of tests of burnt clay building bricks,


Indian standard code of practice for preparation and use of masonry

mortars, Bureau of Indian Standards, New Delhi.

, Dr. A. V. Pradeep Kumar and Aneesh V Bhat, An Experimental Investigation

on the Performance of High Volume Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag Concrete

International Journal of Civil Engineering and Technology , 8(2), 2017, pp. 328

Jean Bosco Nemeyabahizi and Aanchna Sharma Partial Replacement of Cement with

Combination of Rice Husk Ash and Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag in

Experimental Analysis. International Journal of Civil Engineering and Technology , 8(5),

Murali Mohan Rao is deputy executive engineer, RWS&S

department, working for state government of Andhra Pradesh and

presently working as district co-ordinator, swachhbharat mission (central



hospital constructions and fly over bridges have been executed



and Masonry

[email protected]

Effect of copper slag as a fine


Omer Ozkan, Isa Yuksel, OzgurMuratoglu., “Strength properties of concrete incorporating


Influence of sand grading on the

Construction and Building

Nataraja M C, Dileep Kumar P G, “Use of granulated blast furnace slag as fine aggregate

(IJSCER) International Journal of Structural and Civil Engineering

M.S. Shetty, (2004), Concrete technology, Chand S. and Co Ltd, India.

1987: Specifications of 53 grade OPC, Bureau of Indian Standards, New Delhi.

6): Indian Standard code of practice for methods of physical tests

1970: Specifications for Coarse and Fine Aggregates from Natural Sources of

1963: Indian standard code of practice for methods of testing aggregates for

code of practice, Bureau of

specifications, Bureau of Indian

1992:Indian standard methods of tests of burnt clay building bricks, Bureau of

Indian standard code of practice for preparation and use of masonry

, An Experimental Investigation

Blast Furnace Slag Concrete.

International Journal of Civil Engineering and Technology , 8(2), 2017, pp. 328 –337

Jean Bosco Nemeyabahizi and Aanchna Sharma Partial Replacement of Cement with

ulated Blast Furnace Slag in S CC - An

. International Journal of Civil Engineering and Technology , 8(5),

is deputy executive engineer, RWS&S

overnment of Andhra Pradesh and

ordinator, swachhbharat mission (central



structions and fly over bridges have been executed





Mr. Kode Venkata Ramesh

GITAM,

Appraisal of Conventionally Reinforced Concrete Beams with High

Volume Fly Ash Concrete in Flexure and Shear. His research interests

include material

aggregate, High volume fly ash concrete etc. Prof. K.V.Ramesh has

authored many technical papers in National/International journals and

conferences. He is the structural consultant and is a Fellow of the

India.

Y.S.L. Vinayak

Disaster Management from GITAM University. His research interests are

in the area of recycled aggregates, advance construction materials and

concrete tec

G. Sudheer


in the area of recycled aggregates, advance construction materials

technology



Kode Venkata Ramesh is a Professor in Civil Engineering, GIT,

GITAM, Visakhapatnam. His doctoral work is related to



include material science, concrete at elevated temperature, Recycled



conferences. He is the structural consultant and is a Fellow of the Institution of Engineers

Vinayak holds in M. Tech in Structural Engineering and Natural



concrete technology.

Sudheer holds in M. Tech in Structural Engineering and Natural


in the area of recycled aggregates, advance construction materials

and health monitoring of structures.


[email protected]

Civil Engineering, GIT,

is doctoral work is related to “Structural



science, concrete at elevated temperature, Recycled



Institution of Engineers

holds in M. Tech in Structural Engineering and Natural



holds in M. Tech in Structural Engineering and Natural


in the area of recycled aggregates, advance construction materials, concrete

study of granulated blast fur nace slag as … · is 4031 part -5 [9] initial setting time 85...

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