Writer: 이흐완 히다얏

Advisor: Prof. 김석영

생체재료실험실

Contents

Introduction

Research Background

Research Objectives

Research Methodology

Research Progress

Research Plans

Introducti

on

Nowadays

Initially

Research & Development

Used to improve a patient’s masticator function

Patients desired also the aesthetics, short treatment time and procedural reliability

Improving Titanium’s surface activity, osseointegration and fixation

Based on the discovery by Swedish Professor Per-Ingvar Brånemark , Titanium can be successfully fused into bone when osteoblasts grow on and into the rough surface of the implanted titanium

Dental ImplantsWhy Titanium?

Research Background

The success of an implant depends on the ability of the material to attach with the living host tissue.

Improvement of fixation between implants and hard tissue can be achieved by coating the metal surface with Calcium Phosphates material or Aluminum Oxide.

Recent studies on a series of protein coatings on Ti have demonstrated their effective roles in the stimulation of cellular responses, such as attachment and proliferation.

Research Background

Collagen, being the main constituting protein of the hard tissues, has the potential as a coating moiety on a Ti implant.

Hydroxyapatite (HA) coating has been particularly well investigated as a preliminary coating for collagen immobilization on titanium surfaces, because human bone is mainly composed of HA and collagen fibers.

However, the chemical bonding and the composition of HA-collagen is recognized as being difficult, because it involves two dissimilar organic and inorganic nanophases.

Research Objectives

Experimental on Surface Modifications to improve Titanium surface activity

Immobilizing Collagen onto Titanium by using coupling agent

R&D Flow Chart

Substrate: Titanium

Interface:Coupling agent

Coating:Collagen (type 1)

Dental implantsOrthopedic implant

OH radical

Surface Processing

Collagen coating

Cell

Attachment/

Proliferation

Materials Processing in vitro Tests Applications

Research

Methodology

Ti discs

Polishing Treatment

Heat TreatmentTFAA treatment

& XPS observation

3-APTES grafting

SEM/EDS Observation

Collagen Coating

Cell Culture

Blasting

Chemical Treatment

Surface Roughness

Measurement

Analysis

Research Progress Blasting treatment with HA

and Al2O3 was done to compare the characteristics and to observe the cell growth.

Etching treatment with H3PO4 and HNO3 was also conducted to find the effect for both blasting materials.

Surface roughness: The surface roughness

average for HA blasted discs are lower than Al2O3 blasted discs

Etching reduced the roughness average as it removed the embedded blasted particles.

Research Progress The HA blasted Ti discs showed the

presence of calcium and phosphorous on the surface of Titanium.

After HNO3 etching the calcium and phosphorous were all removed from the surface.

After H3PO4 etching, the calcium was removed from the surface meanwhile the phosphorous remained, it was found that titanium react with phosphorous, confirmed by XRD.

The Al2O3 blasted Ti discs showed the presence of alumina on the surface and it remain on the surface after acid etching, both with HNO3 and H3PO4. it needed stronger acid or longer etching time to remove Al2O3.

Fig. 1 Al2O3 Blasted #200 & H3PO4 Etched

Element

Weight%

Atomic%

Compd%

Formula

O K 39.37 65.69 98.29 O2TiP K 1.71 1.47 0.00Ti 58.93 32.84Totals 100.00

Element

Weight%

Atomic%

Compd%

Formula

O K 40.05 66.67 100.00 O2TiTi 59.95 33.33Totals 100.00

Element Weight% Atomic%

O K 30.60 55.38

P K 4.88 4.56

Ca K 9.09 6.56

Ti K 55.43 33.50

Totals 100.00

Table 1. HA blasted Ti discs

Table 2. HA blasted - HNO3 etching

Table 3. HA blasted - H3PO4 etching

Research Progress NaOH & H2O2 etching

were conducted to obtain OH- (hydroxyl groups) on Ti surface (see table).

The etched Ti surfaces were immersed with 3-APTES, as coupling agent between Titanium and Collagen, with 3 various time: 10, 30 Minutes, and 1 Hour.

Surface Morphology of the treated discs were observed, after 3-APTES immersed, there were some difference on the NaOH etched, but not much changes on the H2O2

Chemical

Temperature

Concentration

Time (Hr)

NaOH 70oC 5 M 24, 12

H2O2 80oC 35.4 Vol % 48, 24

(a) NaOH etched (b) NaOH + 3-APTES 10 Min

(c) H2O2 etched (d) H2O2 + 3-APTES 10 Min

Research Plans

Perform heat treatment (after etching treatment) Observation on the Ti treated surface morphology Confirmation of what compound are formed on

the Ti surface & how many OH- groups formed on the Ti surface

Tri-fluoro acetic anhydride (TFAA) treatment X-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS)

observation Collagen grafting Bone cell test, to compare the cell attachment

and cell growth on each treated Ti discs

Terima KasihTerima Kasih

MerciMerci

Xie xieXie xie

SyukronSyukron

RahmatRahmat DankeDanke

ArigatoArigato

GraciasGracias

GrazieGrazie

MahaloMahalo

SalamatSalamat