Subject Index

A Acacia plantation 61, 65, 310 acidic soils 245 Acriso1s 59, 89, 93 agricultural intensification theory

171, 172, 182 agricultural plantations 10 Al (alminum)

exchangeable - 53 - saturation 50

alang-alang 230 see also Imperata cylindrica - grasslands 10

see also Imperata grassland allophane 92 ambrosia

- beatles 160 - fungi 161

Andosols 89, 90, 93 anions 64 ants 160 Ao-percolated-water 61 Apo Kayan 170, 176, 300

B Balikpapan 30, 50, 99, 199 Barro Colorado Island 102 basal area distribution 213, 224 beetles

ambrosia - 160 see also ambrosia -

bark- 160

Benuaq 186 Berau 101, 103 biomass 73, 206

aboveground - 112, 114, 312 underground - 51

bostrychids 157 bulk

- density 50, 89, 148 - precipitation 61, 62

burned forest area 10, 29

c C/N (carbon/nitrogen) ratio 51 CIF (culm/foliage) ratio 147, 149 Ca (calcium) 55, 65, 72 CalMg ratio 83, 86 canopy

top- 129, 313 - gaps 40, 99, 210, 211, 265 - opening 283, 284 - structure 129, 278

carbon 63, 64 source of - 313 -budget 140 -gain 137 -pool 311 - sequestration 93 - sinks 312, 313

cash crop 175, 200, 204, 312 cation 64

base- 92, 93 exchangeable - 54, 75, 94 - exchangeable capacity 91

319

320

cerambycid 153, 158, 162 charcoal

coconut husk - 249 rice husk - 245, 249, 252, 254

chlorophyll 132, 293 - fluorescence

134, 137, 269, 276 chlorophylllN ratio 132 chlorosis 293 clay

- content 50, 53, 93 - minerals 86, 91 -skins 90

climate of Borneo 4 climax (tree) species

189, 190, 270, 276 coal seams 33 coleopteran insects 162, 314 combustibles 31 communal forest 300, 303 community forestry 299, 305, 306 cutting cycle 8

see also felling cycle

D Dayak 9, 169, 186, 200 death rate 121, 126, 283

see also mortality deforestation 167 dieback 36, 294, 295 disease

incidence of - 292 - severity 290

diversity index 103 drainage 80, 85 drought

4, 13, 17, 31, 37, 42, 43, 115, 130, 162, 207, 313

see also rainless period - tolerance 143

dry matter - allocation 143, 147 - economy 144, 147

dry periods 143 dry spell 122, 125, 309

see also drought and rainless period

dry wood eaters 155 dynamic field 238 Dystropepts 3, 81

E

ECEC (effective CEC) 50, 55, 71, 91

ectomycorrhiza 315

Subj ect Index

see also mycorrhiza ectomycorrhizal colonization

251, 252, 254, 256 El Nino Southern Oscillation (EN SO)

10, 13, 17, 29, 33, 42, 153, 309 electron transport rate 136, 138, 273 element cycling 60 eluvi-illuvial features 90 endemic species 79 enrichment planting 295, 315 Eutropepts 81 evaporation 14 evenessindex 103 exotic shrub 201 extinct volcanoes 89 extinction 238, 314

F fallow

- fields 186 - forests 199 -land 44,194,199,312 -period

69, 72, 74, 169, 171, 180, 199 family

natal- 237 nuclear - 231 - size 234

fast growing - dipterocarp 195, 283 - species 8

fauna in Borneo 5 feeding strategies 236 felling 220, 223

- cycle 219, 226 see also cutting cycle

- intensities 220 -rate 226

Subject Index

Fcrralsols 59, 90 fire 10, 29, 30, 31, 35, 162

see also wildfires - -resistance 285 surface - 31, 314 - -tolerant species 44, 203 - damage 100, 107, 108, 219 - injury ll3, 116 - sources 33, 43

fish eye hemispherical lenses 259 flammability 32 flowering 38, 124, 195

mass- - 43, 125 - periods 121

foehn phenomenon 31 forest

deteriorated - 230 disturbed - 35, 36 fragmented - 234 isolated - 234, 237 logged-over -

11, 200, 219, 226, 311 plantation - 289 - concessions 7, 219 - degradation 43, 199, 309 - destruction 35 - exploitation 7, 9, 35 - floor 155, 156, 248, 261, 265 - fragmentation 236 - gardens 315 - plantation 296 - types in East Kalimantan 5, 6

fragmentation of habitats 229, 314 frequency distribution

DBH- III - of the DBH 187

fruit bodies 248, 252 fruiting 38, 41, 124, 314

mast- 283

G gap 266, 276

see also canopy gaps genetic diversity 237 geomorphology 80 gibbon 6, 229, 233, 238, 314

grassland 44 see also Imperata grassland devastated - 60 - formation 199, 206

group planting 290 growth rate 112

H Haploperoxs 81 hapludults 50 hardwood density 270 harvestable trees 222, 226 haze 21, 22 heavy metal toxicity 79 height

- distribution 108 - growth 145, 246, 252, 265 - increment 254

herbicide 203 home range 232, 234, 236, 314 hot spots 11, 29, 31 humidity

air- 14, 23, 24, 31, 32 relative - 14, 15, 19, 20, 25

hydraulic - architecture 148 -limitation 135,313

immigrants 231 Imperata grassland

321

49, 51, 61, 67, 199, 204-206, 310, 312

see also grassland importance value 187, 189 inbreeding depression 238 incestuous mating 238 indigenous people

168, 169, 200, 305 Indonesian Selective Cutting and

Planting System (TPTI) 210, 219

industrial plantation (HTI) 8, 304 inoculum 247, 252 intensification 171, 177 iron oxide 81, 84

322

ironwood 281 see also Eusideroxylon zwageri and

ulin irrigation experiments 143

K K (potasium) 55, 65, 72 kaolinite 91 Kenyah 169, 176, 180, 299 Kutai National Park 22, 32, 41

L labor productivity 174, 179 Lambir hill 102 land

- productivity 179, 181 - tenure system 170, 183, 302 - use frequency 174, 178, 180 - use history 55 - utilization 7

laterization 82 lava field 90 leaching

-loss 51 - of base elements 310 - of bases 83 - of basic elements 65

leaf - area index (LAI) 131, 150 - arealbasal area ratio 148 - area/fine root mass ratio

148, 284 - blight 291 - fall 129 - gas exchange 129, 276, 312 - inclination angle 131, 137, 277 -litter 246, 248 - mass/fine-root mass ratios

284, 285 - orientation 135 - spot 291, 295 - wilting 294

Lempake 101, 115 light

see also PPFD

diffused - 266 strong - 269 - capture 132, 150

Subj ect Index

- intensity 187, 215, 269 - penetration 140

litter 31, 248 - decomposition 62, 64 - fall 61, 65

local - commons 301 -resource 299, 301, 303, 305

log production 7, 8 logging

commercial - 200, 220 reduced-impact - 216 selective - 209, 222 - damage 213, 216 - impact 214 - intensity 214

see also felling intensity - roads 210

long-term monitoring 107 longicombeeties 6,38, 153,314 Iysimeter

M

micro- - 61 tension-free - 61

macaques 230 Macaranga forest 35 Malaise trap 155 mammals 6, 38 Mencimai 70, 186 Meratus 112, 209 Mg (magnesium) 55, 65, 72, 82, 86 midday depression 23, 253, 269 mixed species planting 295, 296 Molisols 82 monetary economy

169, 172, 178, 181, 311, 315 monogamy 230, 237 mortality 110, 115, 117, 312

see also death rate mulching 248 mutualistic associations 245

Subject Index

mycelia 248 mycorrhiza

- colonization 245 - fonnation rate 247

mycorrhizal - associations 257, 313 - fungi 41, 57, 245, 248 - infection 246

N N (nitrogen) 65, 131, 253

available - 84, 310 - availability 50 - -fixing bacteria 251 -flux 65 -input 65 - stress 132 -uptake 251

natural - enemies 160 - thinning 11 0

necroses 291 net primary productivity 112, 206 NH4+ 62 Nitisols 90 N03' 62 NOAA 11, 29 non-photosynthetic organs 147 NPQ 274, 277 nutrient

- acquisition 251 -cycling 59 -fluxes 62 -input 59 - poor substrates 59, 310 - stock 72, 74

o orangutans 230, 238 organic matter 49, 57, 71 Oxisols 82

p

P (phosphate) 253 Av. (available) - 52, 84, 92, 310

- availability 50 -ions 245 -uptake 251

paleudults 50 Pasoh 102 pathogen 293, 294 Peninsular Malaysia 22, 102, 276 pepper 200

- field 175, 204, 230 - plantation 205

pH 54, 61, 71, 83 phosphorus fertilizer 247 photochemical

- capacity 136, 278 - processes 139

photographic images 259, 265 photoinhibition 138, 269 photorespiration 137 photosynthetic

- N use efficiency 131

323

- rate 129, 135, 206, 253, 254, 270, 276, 312

- water use efficiency 135, 137 pioneer (tree) species

41,99, 110, 117, 189, 194, 201, 270, 276

Platypodids 160 pollen 125 pollination 125 population

- density 9, 171, 174 - size 229

porosity 89, 93 potential population density (PPD)

174, 176, 179, 180 PPFD 19-21, 260, 264

see also light absorbance of - 132 diffuse - 261, 262 penetrating - 260 relative (RPPFD) - 131

precipitation 4, 17, 60 see also rainfall

predacious ground beetles 155 primary species 110, 117

324

primates 6, 314 PSII quantum yield 136, 273 psychological pressure 236 pyrophytic tree 199, 207

R radiation 21, 270, 276 rainfall 123

annual- 14, 16 daily- 18, 19 hourly- 18 monthly - 14-16 running 30-day - totals 16, 17

rainless periods 13, 16, 114 recovery potential 185 recruitment 11 0, 214 rehabilitation 257, 315 relative growth rates (RGR) 145, 284 relative light intensity (Rl)

187, 259, 263 see also PPFD

release cutting 281, 286 Rendolls 3 reproductive

- life spanning 229 - success 125, 126

rice -fields 230 upland- 200

ring shade 261, 263 root-suckering 126

S Samarinda 30, 50, 99, 199 Sambaliung mountains 3, 31 scolytids 160 Sebulu 101, 112, 115 sedimentary rocks 51, 89 seed

-banks 40,41, 117 - production 206

seedling - architecture 148 - banks 283

self-shading 150

Subject Index

shade - -adapted dipterocarp 246 - -tolerant 283 - tolerance 270

shaded conditions 246 shifting cultivation 10, 167, 245 shoot/root ratio 146, 148 shrub communities 204 skidding 223

-roads 220 - traffic intensity 224 - trails 210

slash-and-burn - agricultural land 311 - agriculture

9, 50, 167, 185, 207, 231 - practice 200, 203

smectite 86 social forestry 299, 304 socio

- -cultural function 303, 305 - -economic 172, 181

soil - -inhabiting insects 156 - -percolated-water 62 - carbon budget 72 - carbon stock 310 - compaction 225 -damage 224 - deterioration 310 - fertility 49, 171, 178, 180 -group 80 - moisture 80, 131 - nutrient 282, 285 - productivity 72, 204 - texture 49, 277, 283 -types 3, 50 -water 61 - water potential 129 - water regime 144

solar track 263 solitary male 231, 232 species

- -area curve 101 - composition 99

Subject Index

- diversity 35 -richness 6, 102, 105, 187, 311

spores 248 sprouted tree 37 sprouting 40, 126, 194, 285 stem canker 293, 294 stem density index 148 stomatal

- conductance 129, 312 - limitation 139 - sensitivity 135

stunt 294 sub-adults 237 succession 189, 199 sunflecks 259 survival rate 116 surviving tree 37, 39 sustainable use 302 swidden 182, 300, 302

T

- agriculture 69, 167, 170, 199,311,315

- village 172, 173

temperature air- 14, 19, 20, 22, 24, 31 leaf- 137,270 soil- 80

territory 230 Tertiary deposits 49, 89, 93 throughfall 61 timber beetles 155 tower 19, 155, 158, 162 TPTI 210

see also Indonesian Selective Cutting and Planting System

tractor -path 210, 211, 213 - yarding 210

traditional - forest management 315

transmigrants 9 transmigration 9, 35 transpiration 135, 272 tree density 100, 103, 109

Tropaquepts 3 Tropohemists (peats) 3 Tropuduits (acid soils) 3

u ulin 34, 237, 281

325

see also Eusideroxylon zwageri and ironwood

Ultisols 3, 71, 85, 311 Ultramafic rocks 3 upland rice 200

v vapor pressure deficit (VPD)

20, 23, 24, 134, 313 vegetation

- recovery 40, 225 -types 44

vocalization 232 volcanic

-rocks 89 - shield 90 - soils 89, 93, 311

vulnerability - of serpentine soils 79 - to drought 313 - to felling and/or fire 202

w Wallace's line 5 Wanariset 5, 101, 115, 248 water

- deficit experiments 145 - conduction 149 -loss 129, 137 - stress 132, 143, 146 - use efficiency 135, 137

weathering 92 whole

- canopy 129, 278 -plants 129, 140, 313

wildfires 10, 42, 207, 309, 311 see also fire

wood borers 155

Species Index

Plants

A Acacia auriculiformis 294 Acacia mangium 8, 37, 40, 42, 294 Adina minutiflora 196 Aglaia 39 Alseodaphne 36, 196 Anacardiaceae 192 Anacardium occidentale 291 Anisoptera costata

37, 121, 125, 266 Anthocephalus chinensis 215 Aporusa 39 Aporusa elmeri 39, 103 Ardisia villosa 39 Artocarpus 36, 196 Artocarpus anisophyllus 202 Artocarpus dadah 196 Artocarpus kemando 196 Artocarpus odoratissimus 196 Artocarpus tamaran 192 Austroeupatorium inulifolium

201, 202

B Baccaurea stipulata 196 Barringtonia racemosa 39 Bombacaceae 102 Burseraceae 102

326

c Calliandra haematocephala 291 Campnosperma auriculatum 192, 196 Canarium dichotomum 196 Cassia fructicosa 294 Castanopsis 196 Castanopsis megacarpa 39 Chamaecyparis obtusa 65 Clausena excavata 196 Commersonia bartramia 194 Cordia alliodora 294 Cotylelobium burckii 266 Cotylelobium lanceolatum

40, 122, 124, 202, 290 Cotylelobium melanoxylon 37 Cratoxylum 36 Cratoxylum formosum 207 Cratoxylum sumatranum 196 Crypteronia paniculata 39, 40

o Dehaasia 196, 222 Dialium pachyphyllum 134 Dillenia excelsa 39 Dillenia indica 39 Dipterocarpaceae 42, 102, 189 Dipterocarpus 36, 122 Dipterocarpus confertus 123, 290 Dipterocarpus cornutus

103, 121, 129, 202, 290 Dipterocarpus gracilis 37, 123, 290 Dipterocarpus grandiflorus 289

Species Index

Dipterocarpus humeratus 39, 103, 121, 202, 290

Dipterocarpus oblongifolius 202, 289 Dipterocarpus tempehes

123, 202, 255, 283 Dryobalanops 36, 108, 247 Dryobalanops aromatica

134, 144, 150 Dryobalanops beccarii

37, 125, 271, 272, 290 Dryobalanops lanceolata 121, 290 Dryobalanops rappa 290, 295

E Ebenaceae 102 Elaeocarpus 196 Elaeocarpus stipularis 196 Endospermum 277 Endospermum diadenum 283 Endospermum malaccense 215 Eucalyptus urophylla 294 Eugenia 39, 193 Eugenia cf. argyrocalyx 196 Euphorbiaceae 42, 102, 189 Eurycoma longifolia 39 Eusideroxylon zwageri

F

34, 39, 103, 108, llO, 112, 196, 202, 237, 281

Fabaceae 193 Fagaceae 102 Fagraea racemosa 202 Ficus geocarpa 196 Ficus hispida 39 Ficus uncinata 39

G Ganua motleyana 222 Garcinia 196 Gironniera nervosa 39, 196 Glochidion obscurum 39, 40, 271 Gmelina arborea 37 Guioa diplopetala 196 Gymnacranthera contracta 196

H Hibiscus glaber 278 Homalanthus 225 Homalanthus populneus

40, 109, 201, 202, 271 Hopea gregaria 247 Hopea mengarawan (mengerawan)

37, 125, 144, 266 Hopea rudiformis 122, 271, 273

Imperata cylindrica

327

10, 40, 49, 185, 230, 248, 310

K Knema 196 Knema intermedia 39 Koompassia malaccensis 196

L Lauraceae 102 Leea indica 40 Leguminosae 102 Litsea 36, 39, 40, 196, 222 Litsea firma 196

M Macaranga

17, 100, 108, 115, 117, 163, 225, 277

Macaranga conifera 23, 31, 103, 109, 130, 277

Macaranga denticulata 202 Macaranga gigantea

19, 35, 40, 41, 99, 103, 107, 109, 112, 129, 189, 196, 200, 202, 215, 276, 312

Macaranga hypoleuca 39, 40, 103, 109, 194, 196

Macaranga lowii 39 Macaranga pruinosa 192 Macaranga tanarius 44, 201, 202 Macaranga trichocarpa

40, 201, 202, 215

328

Macaranga tri/oba 35, 40, 41, 99, 103, 107, 109, 112, 190, 196, 202, 215, 271, 283, 312

Mallotus 194, 225, 277 Mallotus paniculatus

40, 196, 201, 202, 271 Mallotus penangensis 109, 110 Manihot esculenta 70 Marantaceae 40 Melastoma malabathricum

189, 196, 202, 271 Melastomataceae 189 Millettia 196 Millettia sericea 39, 40, 193, 202 Moraceae 102, 192 Myristicaceae 102 Myrtaceae 102, 193

N Nauclea 202 Nauclea orientalis 44 Nauclea subdita 39 Neobalanocarpus heimii 276 Nephelium 196 Nephelium eriopetalum 193, 196 Nephelium lappaceum 200

o Ochanostachys amentacea 196 Octomeles 277

p

Palaquim 36, 222 Palaquium gutta 103, 196 Palaquium rostra tum 103 Paraserianthes falcataria 294, 305 Parashorea 122 Pentace laxiflora 189, 196 Peronema canescens 9, 37, 70, 202 Pinus merkusiana 8 Piper aduncum 44, 201, 202, 271 Piper nigrum 200 Planchonella obovata var. dubia 278

Species Index

Polyalthia curtisii 196 Polyalthia lateriflora 39 Prunus arborea 196 Pternandra galenta 39 Pternandra rostrata 39, 40 Pterocarpus 37

R Rhodamnia cinerea 39, 196 Rubiaceae 215

5 Santiria apiculata 196 Sapindaceae 193 Sapotaceae 102 Scaphium 36, 277 Scaphium macropodum 196 Schima wallichii

70, 189, 193, 202, 206 Scleria pupurascens 40 Shorea 36, 122 Shorea academia 266 Shorea acuminata 245 Shorea acuminatissima

246, 255, 290 Shorea balangeran 202 Shorea bracteolata 125, 245, 290 Shorea gibbosa 121, 123 Shorea johorensis

103, 123, 202, 245 Shorea laevis

103, 121, 202, 215, 254, 290 Shorea lamellata 103, 121, 125 Shorea leprosula

9, 123, 143, 144, 150, 194, 202, 215, 246, 254, 276, 289, 290

Shorea ovalis 37, 121, 123, 144, 150, 202, 254, 266, 271, 274

Shorea parvifolia 121, 123, 143, 144, 150, 189, 195, 202, 245, 290

Shorea parvistipulata 122 Shorea pauciflora 121, 290 Shorea roxburghii 40

Species Index

Shorea seminis 37, 123, 246, 266, 290

Shorea smithiana 37, 103, 121, 202, 245, 253

Sindora 36 Solanum jamaicense 40 Swietenia macrophylla 294 Symplocos 39 Syzygium 39 Syzygium aromaticum 200

T Tectona grandis 8, 37 Theaceae 193 Tiliaceae 189 Trema 225, 277 Trema cannabina 40, 271 Trema orientalis

40, 42, 189, 201, 202, 271

u Ulmaceae 189 Urophyllum 39, 40

v Vaticajavanica var. scaphifolia 125 Vernonia arborea 39, 40, 70, 202 Vitex pinnata 70, 202 Vitex pubescens 40 Vitis california 138

z Zingiberaceae 40

329

Animals

B Bostrychidae

38, 154, 155, 157, 314

C Carabidae 38, 154-156, 314 Celanephes parallelus 154-157, 159 Cerambycidae 6, 38, 153-155

D

Disteniidae 155

G Genyocerus 154 Genyocerus abdominalis 154, 162

H Hylobates 229, 238 Hylobates lar 236 Hylobates muelleri 229 Hypothenemus 154, 162

p

Platypodidae 38, 154, 155, 160, 161 Platypus parallelus 154, 162 Presby tis frontata 314 Presby tis rubicunda 314 Pterolophia banksi 154, 159 Pterolophia melanura 154, 159

S Scolytidae 38, 154, 155, 160, 161

X Xylothripsjlavipes 154, 157, 158 Xylotrechus australis 154, 159

330

Fungi

A Amanita 248

B Boletus 248 Botryodiplodia theobromae 289

c Cantharellus 248 Clavaria 248 Clitopilus 248 Colletotrichum 291 Corticium salmonicolor 294 Cortinarius 248 Cylindrocladium quinqueseptatum

294 Cylindrocladium scoparium 289

o Diatrypella favacea 294

G Gomphidius 248

H Hebeloma 248 Heberoma crustuliniforme 253 Hendersonia 291 Heterosporium 291 Humicola 289 Hydnum 248 Hygrophorus 248

Inocybe 248

L Laccaria 248 Laccaria laccata 253 Lactarius 248 Leccinum 248

M Macrophoma 289

p

Paxillus 248

Species Index

Pestalotiopsis 291, 294 Pestalotiopsis adusta 291 Pestalotioptis langloisii 291 Pisolithus 248 Pisolithus tinctorius 248 Polyporus 289

R Rhizopogon 248 Russula 248

s Scleroderma columnare

245, 251, 256 Stereum 293

T Tricholoma 248

v Va/sa kitajimana 294

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