WATER MONITORING DATAEXPLANATORY NOTES (DATA EXTRACTS)

V4.0

March 2016

Explanatory notes – Monitoring Data

About this DocumentDocument File Name Water Monitoring Data – Explanatory Notes (Data Extracts)

Date of Issue 21/03/2016

Current Version 4.0

Document Status Revised

Email water.data@dse.vic.gov.au

Revision HistoryVersion Date Status Version Notes

4.0 21/03/2016 Revised New Water Intersection and Variable files.Updated codes file.

3.0 27/11/2014 Revised New site, field water quality and water level formatting.New construction file added.Separate Codes file added.

2.2 12/02/2014 Revised Codes updated

2.0 05/08/2013 For review Published version

1.0 24/07/2013 For review Initial version

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Table of Contents1. Purpose.............................................................................................................................................4

2. Introduction......................................................................................................................................4

3. Disclaimer and Copyright................................................................................................................5

4. Data Extracts....................................................................................................................................6

4.1 State wide groundwater data..........................................................................................................6

4.1.1 Site (NEW FORMAT – November 2014)....................................................................................6

4.1.2 Construction (NEW – November 2014).......................................................................................6

4.1.3 Water levels (NEW FORMAT – November 2014).......................................................................7

4.1.4 Field Water Quality (NEW FORMAT – November 2014)............................................................7

4.1.5 Laboratory Water quality.............................................................................................................8

4.1.6 Driller logs...................................................................................................................................8

4.1.7 Geology logs...............................................................................................................................9

4.1.8 Lithology logs..............................................................................................................................9

5. Lab water quality codes................................................................................................................10

6. Quality Codes.................................................................................................................................18

7. Bore Construction..........................................................................................................................21

8. Glossary..........................................................................................................................................22

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1. PurposeThe purpose of this document is to provide important information relating to data extracts that are available through the Department’s Water Monitoring Data Portal

If you have queries regarding the information contained in this document please contact the Department at water.data@dse.vic.gov.au

2. IntroductionThe Department’s Water Monitoring Data Portal provides access to a range of data extracts reflecting data collected through Victoria surface water and groundwater monitoring networks. Data extracts are available at the following URL

http://data.water.vic.gov.au/monitoring.htm

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3. Disclaimer and CopyrightThe following disclaimer and copyright statements apply to data extracts accessed through the Department’s Water Monitoring Data Portal.

DisclaimerThe content of this Victorian Government web site is provided for information purposes only. No claim is made as to the accuracy or authenticity of the content of the website. In no event will the State of Victoria, its agents, instrumentalities and employees be liable for the accuracy of the information contained on this web site nor its use or reliance placed on it. The information on the web site is provided on the basis that all persons accessing the site undertake responsibility for assessing the relevance and accuracy of its content.

Information published by the Victorian Government is considered to be true and correct at the time of publication. Changes in circumstances after the time of publication may impact on the accuracy of this information and the Victorian Government gives no assurance of any information or advice contained.

The information contained in the web site is not to be displayed except in full screen format. No liability is accepted for any information that may appear in other format.

No responsibility is taken for any information that may appear on any linked web sites. This web site provides links to other web sites. These external information sources are outside our control. It is the responsibility of users to make their own decision about the accuracy, currency, reliability and correctness of information found. The Victorian Government does not necessarily endorse any company or organisation linked to from this site.

There is no warranty that the site will be free of infections by viruses or any other manifesting, contaminating or destructive properties

Copyright

Data, including all its components (images, audio, video, text) accessed through the Water Monitoring Data Portal is copyright.

Apart from fair dealing for the purposes of private study, research, criticism or review as permitted under the Copyright Act 1968, no part may be reproduced, copied, transmitted in any form or by any means (electronic, mechanical or graphic) without the prior written permission of the State of Victoria.

All requests and enquiries should be directed to the Customer Service Centre, phone 136 186 or email customer.service@dse.vic.gov.au

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4. Data Extracts

4.1 State wide groundwater dataThe groundwater state wide data extracts consists of a set of twelve files:

1. site (location, depth and use)2. construction3. water level4. field water quality 5. laboratory water quality 6. driller logs7. geology logs8. lithology logs9. Codes10. Water intersection11. Variables12. Elevation records

The structure of each file is detailed below.

4.1.1 Site (NEW FORMAT – November 2014)

The uses have now been concatenated into one field so the sites are not duplicated.

Code descriptions can be found in the file “codes.zip”.

4.1.2 Construction (NEW – November 2014)

This new construction file combines data from various tables to describe:

- Drilling method (drilling technique eg. down hole hammer)- Innerlining (casing and screen details eg. PVC or Stainless Steel)

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- Outer lining (eg. gravel)

Code descriptions can be found in the file “codes.zip”.

4.1.3 Water levels (NEW FORMAT – November 2014)

This table now displays the water levels in a pivot table format. Each of the three levels are displayed side by side for the same date and time.

Code descriptions can be found in the file “codes.zip”.

4.1.4 Field Water Quality (NEW FORMAT – November 2014)

Similarly to the new water level format, the field water quality data is now displayed in a pivot table format. Each of the measurements taken on the same date and time are displayed side by side

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4.1.5 Laboratory Water quality

4.1.6 Driller logs

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4.1.7 Geology logs

4.1.8 Lithology logs

4.1.9 Codes (NEW FORMAT– March 2016)

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This new file contains descriptions for all codes found in the above files, including the lab water quality codes.

4.1.10Water Intersection (NEW – March 2016)

This new file contains water intersection details from the BCR (rock type) and any corresponding screen information.

4.1.11Variables (NEW – March 2016)

This new file contains descriptions for all variable codes found in the above files.

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4.1.12Elevation records (NEW – December 2016)

This file contains all elevation information (eg. measurement points) which are used to calculate the DBNS and RWL water levels.

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5. Lab water quality codes

This section describes the lab water quality codes that you will find in the data extracts file “GW lab WQ data.zip”

All other codes found in the extracts can be found in the separate file called “Codes.zip” on the data extracts web page.

CODE DESCRIPTION UNIT OF MEASURE

9886 1,1,1,2-tetrachloroethane ug/L9870 1,1,1-trichloroethane ug/L9893 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane ug/L9881 1,1,2-trichloroethane ug/L9866 1,1-dichloroethane ug/L9863 1,1-dichloroethene ug/L9910 1,2,3-trichlorobenzene ug/L9894 1,2,3-trichloropropane ug/L9908 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene ug/L9900 1,2,4-trimethylbenzene ug/L9907 1,2-dibromo-3-chloropropane ug/L9884 1,2-dibromoethane ug/L9905 1,2-dichlorobenzene ug/L9874 1,2-dichloroethane ug/L9876 1,2-dichloropropane ug/L9898 1,3,5-trimethylbenzene ug/L9902 1,3-dichlorobenzene ug/L9904 1,4-dichlorobenzene ug/L9867 2,2-dichloropropoane ug/L9896 2-chlorotoluene ug/L9912 4-bromoflourobenzene ug/L9897 4-chlorotoluene ug/L9903 4-isopropyltoluene ug/L9704 Ag (xtrd) sed. (mg/kg dry wt) mg/kg9705 Al (xtrd) sed. (mg/kg dry wt) mg/kg9685 Al- sediment (mg/kg dry wt.) mg/kg9800 Aldrin (ug/L) ug/L9641 Aluminium, as Al (direct) mg/L9643 Aluminium, as AL (filt direct) mg/L9644 Aluminium, as Al (graphite AA) mg/L9646 Aluminium, as Al (solvent) mg/L9642 Aluminium, as Al (USN) mg/L9645 Aluminium,as AL(filt graphite) mg/L9490 Ammonia - Inorganic ug/L9541 Ammonia, as N mg/L9687 Antimony, as Sb mg/L9647 Arsenic, as As mg/L

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9686 As - sediment (mg/kg dry wt.) mg/kg9706 As (xtrd) sed. (mg/kg dry wt) mg/kg9694 As Elut sed (mg/kg dry wt.) mg/kg9820 Atrazine ug/L9826 Azinphos methyl ug/L9750 Azure-A Active Substances mg/L9986 B (xtrd) sed. (mg/kg dry wt) mg/kg9707 Ba (xtrd) sed. (mg/kg dry wt) mg/kg9649 Barium, as Ba (direct) mg/L9650 Barium, as Ba (USN) mg/L9873 benzene ug/L9521 Bicarbonate Alkalinity, CaCO3 mg/L9537 Bicarbonate, as HCO3 mg/L9502 Biochem. Ox. Demand,5day(filt) mg/L9500 Biochemical Oxygen Demand,5day mg/L9501 Biochemical Oxygen Demand,7day mg/L9511 BOD5 - sediment(mg/kg dry wt.) mg/kg9648 Boron, as B mg/L9522 Bromide, as Br mg/L9892 bromobenzene ug/L9869 bromochloromethane ug/L9878 bromodichloromethane ug/L9850 Bromoform (ug/l) ug/L9860 bromomethane ug/L9550 Ca - sediment (mg/kg dry wt.) mg/kg9561 Ca (xtrd) sed. (mg/kg dry wt) mg/kg9653 Cadmium, as Cd (ASV) mg/L9652 Cadmium, as Cd (direct) mg/L9654 Cadmium, as Cd (solvent) mg/L9980 Cadmium, as Cd (USN) mg/L9524 Calcium, as Ca mg/L9622 CARBON 13 NULL9623 CARBON 14 NULL9751 Carbon Dioxide (agg.) mol/m3 mol/m39758 Carbon Dioxide (titr.) as CO2 mg/L9752 Carbon Dioxide, as CO2 (calc.) mg/L9753 Carbon Dioxide, as CO2(mol/m3) mol/m39871 carbon tetrachloride ug/L9525 Carbonate Alkalinity, as CaCO3 mg/L9532 Carbonate, as CO3 mg/L9689 Cd - sediment (mg/kg dry wt.) mg/kg9708 Cd (xtrd) sed. (mg/kg dry wt) mg/kg9754 Chemical Oxygen Demand mg/L9755 Chemical Oxygen Demand (filt) mg/L9527 Chloride, as Cl mg/L9808 Chlorinated Pesticides(Screen) ug/L

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9491 Chlorine - Inorganic ug/L9624 CHLORINE 36 NULL9528 Chlorine Demand mg/L9529 Chlorine, free (field) mg/L9981 Chlorine, total residual mg/L9530 Chlorine,total residual(field) mg/L9885 chlorobenzene ug/L9827 Chlorodane ug/L9861 chloroethane ug/L9859 chloroethene ug/L9851 Chloroform (ug/l) ug/L9858 chloromethane ug/L9503 Chlorophyll a, ug/l ug/L9815 Chlorpyriphos (OP) ug/L9992 Chromium (III+VI) mg/L9658 Chromium, as Cr (ASV) mg/L9656 Chromium, as Cr (direct) mg/L9659 Chromium, as Cr (solvent) mg/L9657 Chromium, as Cr (USN) mg/L9868 cis-1,2-dichloroethene ug/L9879 cis-1,3-dichloropropene ug/L9551 CN - Sediment (mg/Kg dry wt.) mg/kg9690 Co - sediment (mg/kg dry wt.) mg/kg9709 Co (xtrd) sed. (mg/kg dry wt) mg/kg9655 Cobalt, as Co (direct) mg/L9757 Colour (filt), Pt/Co units Pt-Co9756 Colour, Pt/Co units Pt-Co2012 Conductivity (µS/cm) µS/cm @ 25°C9660 Copper, as Copper (direct) mg/L9662 Copper, as Cu (ASV) mg/L9663 Copper, as Cu (solvent) mg/L9661 Copper, as Cu (USN) mg/L9691 Cr - sediment (mg/kg dry wt.) mg/kg9710 Cr (xtrd) sed. (mg/kg dry wt) mg/kg9692 Cu - sediment (mg/kg dry wt.) mg/kg9711 Cu (xtrd) sed. (mg/kg dry wt) mg/kg9492 Cyanide - Inorganic ug/L9531 Cyanide, as CN mg/L9602 Daily Flow, cubic meters/day m3/d9603 Daily flow, mega litres/day ML/d9801 DDD (ug/L) ug/L9802 DDE (ug/L) ug/L9803 DDT (ug/L) ug/L9991 Decomissioned NULL9828 Demeton ug/L9829 Demeton-S-methyl ug/L

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9989 Desisopropylatrazine ug/L9824 Desthylatrazine ug/L9620 DEUTERIUM NULL9830 Diazinon ug/L9852 Dibromochloromethane (ug/l) ug/L9877 dibromomethane ug/L9853 Dichlorobromomethane (ug/l) ug/L9857 dichlorodiflouromethane ug/L9872 dichloropropene ug/L9831 Dicofol ug/L9804 Dieldrin (ug/L) ug/L9832 Dimethoate ug/L9505 Dissolved Organic Carbon mg/L9760 Dissolved oxygen as DO(lab) mg/L9759 Dissolved Salts (EC*0.6) mg/L9565 DME Bromide mg/L9569 DME Iodide ug/L9990 DME Iodide mg/L9567 DME Nitrate, as NO3 mg/L9568 DME Silicate, as SIO3 mg/L2013 Electrical Conductivity (ppm) ppm9833 Endosulfan alpha ug/L9834 Endosulfan beta ug/L9818 Endrin ug/L9507 Enterococcus, Orgs/100mL Orgs/100mL9506 Escherichia coli, Orgs./100mL Orgs/100mL9887 ethylbenzene ug/L9508 Faecal Coliform, Orgs/100mL Orgs/100mL9697 Fe - sediment (mg/kg dry wt.) mg/kg9712 Fe (xtrd) sed. (mg/kg dry wt) mg/kg9835 Fenitrothion ug/L9601 Fluoride (field), as F mg/L9533 Fluoride, as F mg/L9536 Hardness, as CaCO3 mg/L9535 Hardness, as CaCO3 (calc.) mg/L9814 Heptachlor ug/L9806 Heptachlor Epoxide (ug/L) ug/L9805 Hexachlorobenzene (ug/L) ug/L9777 Hexavalent chromium (CrVI) mg/L9988 Hexazinone ug/L9698 Hg - sediment (mg/kg dry wt.) mg/kg9696 Hg Elut sed (mg/kg dry wt.) mg/kg9494 Hydrogen Sulfide - Inorganic ug/L9534 Hydroxide Alkalinity, as CaCO3 mg/L9546 Hydroxide, as OH mg/L9538 Iodide, as I mg/L

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9667 Iron (Undigested), as Fe mg/L9666 Iron, as Fe (USN) mg/L9665 Iron, dissolved as Fe mg/L9664 Iron, total as Fe mg/L9891 isopropylbenzene(cumene) ug/L9683 Lead, as Pb (ASV) mg/L9680 Lead, as Pb (direct) mg/L9682 Lead, as Pb (graphite AA ) mg/L9684 Lead, as Pb (solvent) mg/L9681 Lead, as Pb (USN) mg/L9807 Lindane (ug/L) ug/L9669 Lithium, as Li mg/L9888 m,p-xylenes ug/L9670 Magnesium, as Mg mg/L9836 Malathion ug/L9674 Manganese (Undigested), as Mn mg/L9673 Manganese, as Mn (USN) mg/L9672 Manganese, dissolved as Mn mg/L9982 Manganese, total as Mn mg/L9668 Mercury, as Hg mg/L9688 Metals (ICP - Scan) mg/L9819 Methoxychlor ug/L9864 methylene chloride ug/L9823 Metribuzin ug/L9555 Mg - sediment (mg/kg dry wt.) mg/kg9562 Mg (xtrd) sed. (mg/kg dry wt) mg/kg9837 Mirex ug/L9699 Mn - sediment (mg/kg dry wt.) mg/kg9713 Mn (xtrd) sed. (mg/kg dry wt) mg/kg9714 Mo (xtrd) sed. (mg/kg dry wt) mg/kg9675 Molybdenum, as Mo mg/L9909 napthalene ug/L9906 n-butylbenzene ug/L9556 NH3 - sediment (mg/kg dry wt.) mg/kg9701 Ni - sediment (mg/kg dry wt.) mg/kg9715 Ni (xtrd) sed. (mg/kg dry wt) mg/kg9678 Nickel, as Ni (ASV) mg/L9676 Nickel, as Ni (direct) mg/L9679 Nickel, as Ni (solvent) mg/L9677 Nickel, as Ni (USN) mg/L9493 Nitrate - Inorganic ug/L9545 Nitrate & Nitrite, as N(0.15de mg/L9544 Nitrate + Nitrite, as N(0.003d mg/L9543 Nitrate, as N mg/L9542 Nitrite, as N mg/L9761 Non Volatile Suspended Solids mg/L

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9984 NOx - sediment (mg/kg dry wt.) mg/kg9895 n-propylbenzene ug/L9547 Organic Nitrogen, as N mg/L9621 OXYGEN 18 NULL9889 o-xylene ug/L9838 Parathion ug/L9702 Pb - sediment (mg/kg dry wt.) mg/kg9716 Pb (xtrd) sed. (mg/kg dry wt) mg/kg9510 Phaeophytin a, ug/l ug/L9983 Phenolic Compounds, as Phenol mg/L9825 Phosphate-Ortho ug/L9809 Phosphorus, reactive as P mg/L9810 Phosphorus, reactive filt as P mg/L9811 Phosphorus, total as P mg/L9812 Phosphorus, total filt as P mg/L9985 PO4 - sediment (mg/kg dry wt.) mg/kg9539 Potassium, as K mg/L9839 Profenofos ug/L9822 Prometryn ug/L9509 Pseudomonas aeruginosa /100mL Orgs/100mL9604 Salinity (field), ppt ppt9717 Sb(xtrd) sed. (mg/kg dry wt) mg/kg9718 Se (xtrd) sed. (mg/kg dry wt) mg/kg9901 sec-butylbenzene ug/L9695 Selenium (graphite),as Se mg/L9693 Selenium, as Se mg/L9764 Settleable Matter (vol),ml/l/h ml/L/h9553 Silica, reactive as SiO2 mg/L9554 Silica, total as SiO2 mg/L9640 Silver, as Ag mg/L9821 Simazine ug/L9719 Sn (xtrd) sed. (mg/kg dry wt) mg/kg9549 Sodium Adsorption Ratio SAR9540 Sodium, as Na mg/L9703 Strontium, as Sr mg/L9890 styrene ug/L9557 Sulphate, as SO4 mg/L9548 Sulphide as S (spot test). mg/L9552 Sulphide, dissolved as S mg/L9560 Sulphide, total as S(titrated) mg/L9566 SULPHUR NULL9605 Surfactant-Shake Test (field) mg/L9765 Suspended Solids mg/L9767 Tannins and Lignins mg/L9840 Temephos ug/L9899 tert-butylbenzene ug/L

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9882 tetrachloroethene ug/L9700 Tin, as Sn mg/L9558 TKN - sediment (mg/kg dry wt.) mg/kg9880 toluene ug/L9911 toluene-d8 ug/L9520 Total Alkalinity, as CaCO3 mg/L9813 Total BHC ug/L9523 Total Bromide + Iodide, as Br mg/L9816 Total Chlordane ug/L9504 Total Coliforms, Orgs/100mL Orgs/100mL9768 Total Dissolved Solids, 105C mg/L9769 Total Dissolved Solids, 180C mg/L9817 Total Endosulfan ug/L9563 Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen, as N mg/L9564 Total Nitrogen, as N mg/L9770 Total Organic Carbon mg/L9913 total organic carbon (TOC) mg/L9914 total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH) C6-C9 mg/L

9915 Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon(TPH) C10-C14 mg/L

9916 total petroleum hydrocarbon(TPH) C15-C28 mg/L

9917 total petroleum hydrocarbon(TPH) C29-C40 mg/L

9771 Total Solids, 105C. mg/L9775 Total Soluble Salts (Conductiv mg/L9776 Total Soluble Salts (Summation mg/L9841 Toxaphene ug/L9559 TP - sediment (mg/kg dry wt.) mg/kg9865 trans-1,2-dichloroetene ug/L9875 trichloroethene ug/L9862 trichloroflouromethane ug/L9855 Trihalomethanes,total(ug/l) ug/L9780 Trivalent Chromium (CrIII) mg/L9606 Turbidity (field), NTU NTU9772 Turbidity, NTU NTU9774 UV Absorption Coefficient,cm-1 cm-19766 V (xtrd) sed. (mg/kg dry wt) mg/kg9854 Volatile Sed. Solids(% dry wt) % wt9856 Volatile Suspended Solids mg/L9724 Zinc, as Zn (ASV) mg/L9722 Zinc, as Zn (direct) mg/L9987 Zinc, as Zn (solvent) mg/L9723 Zinc, as Zn (USN) mg/L9721 Zn - sediment (mg/kg dry wt.) mg/kg9720 Zn (xtrd) sed. (mg/kg dry wt) mg/kg

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6. Quality CodesThe table below lists quality codes that may appear in downloaded monitoring data depending upon site selection.

Quality Code Description Quality

Code Description

1 Unedited data 26 Daily read records (see additional quality info) ?

2 Good quality data - minimal editing required. Drift correction 27 MW - Good periodic data (Other Authority)

3 Linear infill to first value in block (no data lost). 30 Good measurement. Multiple point verticals 40 sec timing.

5 Drawdown - chart rating applies. 32 Fair measurement. WMGH\044 Turbulent flow\044 Flow angle extreme.

6 Level recorded during phased rating application - gradual change in control & channel

34 Bucket measurement applicable to weirs, pipe outflow etc.

8 Pool reading only - no flow condition. 35 Composite measurement. Segments taken from several gaugings.

9 Pool dry ? no data collected 41 Good data not validated by other means\044 no editing req. (MWC only)

10 Data transposed from recorder chart. 42 Low velocity acoustic record affected by wind or gate opening

11 Raw data used for operational purposes. (Not validated) 43 DEPI GW - SOBN verified data

12 Routine data for calibration purposes 44 DEPI GW - data from Water Corporations, other government agencies or consultants via upload xls

13 Accurate derived data from multiple sources (level & flow) 45 DEPI GW - data from Universities or CMAs via upload xls

14 Telemetry data not stored in archive 46 DEPI GW - data from landholders via upload xls

15 Minor editing. >+/-10mm drift correction 47 DEPI GW - historic data from the GMS

20 Edited to measurements. 50 Medium editing >+/-30mm drift correction, significant single spike removal etc.

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Quality Code Description Quality

Code Description

21 Low velocity acoustic record affected by wind or gate 51 Single Point High Velocity Meas. M9 use only. Water Vel > 3m/s

60 Latrobe Valley Water Authority supplied data. 104 Records manually estimated.

65 Other Authorities supplied data. Validation not supplied. 120 Estimated data not using any correlation (MW)

75 Height correction applied. 140 MWC quality code for specific request.

76 Latrobe Valley Water Authority supplied data. 146 Drawdown - no rating applies

77 Correlation with other station\044 same variable only. 148 Theoretical rating table applied (not to be applied to level data)

78 Reliable daily read data (see additional quality info) ? 149 Rating extrapolated within 1.5x Max Qm

80 Accumulated (Rainfall or Flow totals only). 150 Rating extrapolated due to insufficient gaugings (see additional quality info)

81 Wet day within accumulated rainfall period. (Sewer studies only) 151 Data lost due to natural causes / vandalism (see additional quality info) ?

82 Linear interpolation across gap in records. (<0.5 day) 152 Refer station file. Contractual issues affecting data collection

90 Salinity interpolation (Data Management section use only). 153 Data not recorded. Probe out of water/below instrument threshold.

92 Project site U/S data used. 154 Data unreliable. Acoustic sensor affected by wind.

95 Irregular time rate data - weekly/monthly read. 155 Data unreliable. Recording above instrument range.

96 Daily read records substituted for continuous record lost due to natural cause/vandalism.

156 Drawdown - normal rating does not apply

100 Irregular data\044 Use with caution. Beyond QC=50 or unexplained

157 Data unreliable. Issue with bore.

101 Drawdown - normal rating does not apply. 160 Stage backed-up by downstream influence (see additional quality info) ?

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Quality Code Description

161 Poor quality data from debris effecting Sensor.

165 Suspect or bad data supplied by other authority

170 Raw unedited data stored in archive\044 secondary/backup sensor (see additional quality info) ?

180 Data not recorded\044 equipment malfunction.

190 Data unavailable station discontinued.

200 Data available but not digitised.

201 Data not recorded - no correlation available (see additional quality info) ?

237 Surface velocity measurement only.

250 Rating table suspended

254 Rating table exceeded

255 No Data Exists

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7. Bore ConstructionThe following provides a brief description of the components that comprise a groundwater bore.

1. A borehole is drilled that may intersect multiple aquifers.2. A bore casing and screen (slotted casing) are placed into the borehole.3. Gravel pack may be placed in the annulus (space between the drilled bore hole and4. the bore casing eg. PVC) around the screen, or the natural formation may be used.5. Bentonite is a type of clay used to seal aquifers and avoid cross contamination.6. Borehole is cemented at the surface to avoid contaminants entering groundwater on the way

upsystems.

An example bore construction is shown below.

Borehole - Void where the cylindrical hole has been drilled into and through earthen formations by a drilling rig.

Casing - black steel, galvanized steel, PVC pipe and concrete pipe pipe that is installed in the borehole to keep the borehole from collapsing and to protect drilled aquifers from contamination.

Gravel pack - placed around the outside of the screen to prevent sand from entering the well or clogging the screen and to stabilize the well assembly.

Grout - a sealant that is used to fill in the spaces around the outside of the well. It protects the well against the intrusion of contaminants. A grout mixture can be made of cement, bentonite, or concrete (each used separately).

Screen - keeps sand and gravel out of the well while allowing groundwater and water from formations to enter into the well. Screen is available in many materials, the most popular being stainless steel and slotted PVC pipe.

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8. GlossaryAHD The Australian Height Datum (AHD) is a geodetic datum for altitude measurement in Australia. The datum that sets mean sea level as zero elevation.

Allocation a percentage of licence entitlement that is permitted to be pumped in a water year. For example, a groundwater licence with 100 ML/year entitlement where a 70% allocation has been announced may only extract up to 70 ML that water year.

Artesian Well a vertical bore hole in which a pipe-like structure is inserted into the ground so that it withdraws water from a confined aquifer (artesian aquifer)

Aquifer A layer of underground sediment that holds groundwater and allows water to flow through it.

Aquitard A layer of rock or soil that does not allow water to move through it easily.Gigalitre (GL) One billion (1,000,000,000) litres.

Catchment management authorities (CMAs) Government authorities established under the Catchment and Land Protection Act 1994 to manage river health, regional and catchment planning, and waterway, floodplain, salinity and water quality management.

Confined Aquifer (artesian aquifer) an aquifer holding water under pressure by a layer above it that does not allow water to pass through. Due to pressure, the water level of a well in a confined aquifer will rise above the top of the aquifer.

Confining Layer (aquitard or aquifuge) geologic material with little or no permeability or hydraulic conductivity. Water does not pass through this layer or the rate of movement is extremely slow.

Control a natural structure or an artificial structure built on a river to allow a controlled and measurable amount of water to flow during a given period. Every surface water site has

Dairy wash Water used to wash down farm dairies.

Discharge the process whereby groundwater leaves the aquifer.

Domestic and stock Water use for household purposes, watering pets, cattle and other stock, fire prevention and irrigating a kitchen garden.

DT7 Data Trans7 (DT7) is used to identify data in Hydstra as spot data, not time series.

EC units/level Electrical Conductivity is a measure used to indicate salinity levels in water.

Entitlement the volume of groundwater licence that may be extracted in a year subject to licence conditions. The Victorian Water Act 1989 governs groundwater licensing in Victoria. A licence to take and use groundwater under section 51 of the Victorian Water Act 1989 is required for any purpose other than domestic and stock use.

Field time series This data is collected continuously, but an instrument installed at the site. The site is visited on a regular schedule and the data is collected from the instrument, checked for quaility and transferred to the central database.

Geology the study of science dealing with the origin, history, materials and structure of the earth, together with the forces and process operating to produce change within and on the earth

Groundwater All subsurface water, generally occupying the pores and crevices of rock and soil.

Groundwater dependent ecosystem (GDE) Ecosystems, such as wetlands, streams, estuaries and some terrestrial vegetation, that rely totally or in part on groundwater to provide water.

Groundwater Basin the underground area from which groundwater drains. The basins could be separated by geologic or hydrologic boundaries.

Groundwater management area (GMA) Groundwater management unit where groundwater resources of a suitable quality for irrigation, commercial or domestic and s tock use are available or are expected to be available.

Groundwater management unit (GMU) Groundwater consumption is managed geographically via management units, which can be groundwater management areas (GMA), water supply protection areas (WSPA) or unincorporated areas (UA).

Groundwater management plans Created for water supply protection areas that have been or are proposed to be proclaimed under the Water Act 1989 to ensure equitable and sustainable use of groundwater

Hydraulic Conductivity the ease with which water can move through an aquifer. It can be determined by dividing the transmissivity of the aquifer by the aquifer thickness

Hydrogeology the study of the interrelationships of geologic materials and processes with water, especially groundwater

Hydrology the study of the occurrence, distribution, and chemistry of all waters of the earth

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Explanatory notes – Monitoring Data (Data Extracts)

Laboratory and spot data from tab

Licensing authority Administers the diversion of water from waterways and the extraction of groundwater on behalf of the Minister for Water.

Local management plans/rules Operating plans that include rules for managing surface water or groundwater accessed under section 51 take and use licences.

Megalitre (ML) One million (1,000,000) litres.

Micrograms per Liter (ug/l) a measure of the amount of dissolved solids in a solution in terms of micrograms of solid per liter of solution; Equivalent to part per billion in water or 1ug/l=1ppb

Milligrams per Liter (mg/l) a measure of the amount of dissolved solids in a solution in terms of milligrams of solid per liter of solution; Equivalent to part per million in water or 1mg/l=1ppm

MPWL Monitoring Point Water Level

Nitrate (NO3) a chemical formed when nitrogen from ammonia (NH3), ammonium (NH4) and other nitrogen sources combines with oxygenated water

Part per Billion (ppb) a measure of the amount of dissolved solids in a solution in terms of a ratio between the number of parts of solids to a billion parts of total volume; Equivalent to microgram per liter in water or 1ppb=1 ug/l

Part per Million (ppm) a measure of the amount of dissolved solids in a solution in terms of a ratio between the number of parts of solids to a million parts of total volume; Equivalent to milligram per liter in water or 1ppm=1 mg/l

Permissible consumptive volume (PCV) The volume of water permitted to be allocated in discrete groundwater management units. Previously called permissible annual volumes (PAVs).

Pesticides chemicals including insecticides, fungicides, and herbicides that are used to kill living organisms

Rating Curves Rating curves are used to compute the flow at a stream flow site from water level measurements. Rating tables are established by Hydrographers on the basis of number gauging measurements taken at different flow rates. The current rating table is accessible on this website. Historic Rating Tables for any site can be obtained by submitting a request to water.data@dse.vic.gov.au.

Recharge (to groundwater) The processes, such as infiltration and seepage, by which water enters aquifers and becomes groundwater.

River basin The land drained by a river and its tributaries. The river basins used in this Strategy are consistent with those defined by the Australian Water Resource Council (AWRC).

RLNS Relative Level Natural Surface

Salinity The total amount of water-soluble salts present in the soil or in a stream.

Site A site is a location where one of more measurements may be taken. Sites are classified in the menus as Rivers & Streams and Ground water sites. Every site is identified by a unique site code and a site name. Site information is accessed in the Details tab.

State Observation Bore Network (SOBN) A network of about 2,500 bores managed by the Department of Sustainability and Environment to monitor Victoria’s groundwater resources.

Statutory management plan Prepared under the provisions of the Water Act 1989 for a water supply protection area or a waterway to manage the water resources of the area.

Take and use licence A fixed term entitlement issued under section 51 of the Water Act 1989 to take and use water from a waterway, catchment dam, spring, soak or aquifer, usually for commercial or irrigation purposes.

Transmissivity the ability of the aquifer to transmit groundwater throughout its entire saturated thickness

Unincorporated areas (UA) Areas with limited groundwater resources which are not defined as groundwater management areas or water supply protection areas and do not have a defined permissible consumptive volume.

Water corporations Government owned corporations charged with supplying water to urban and rural water users. These corporations, formerly known as water authorities, administer the diversion of water from waterways and the extraction of groundwater

Water supply protection area (WSPA) An area declared under the Water Act 1989 to protect groundwater and/or surface water resources in the area. Once an area has been declared, a statutory water management plan is prepared.

Water table Surface of groundwater below which the soil or rocks are permanently saturated with water.

Water year is a period of 12 months commencing 1 July (sometimes referred to as a season).

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