subpart h-material handling - osha

1293 Airport RoadBeaver, WV 25813

Phone: (304) 253-8674Fax: (304) 253-7758

E-mail: [email protected]

Subpart H-Material Handling, Storage, Use and Disposal CFR 1926.250

Vincent J. Giblin, General President

This material was produced under grant number 46C5-HT16 from the Occupational Safety and

Health Administration, U.S. Department of Labor. It does not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the U.S. Department of Labor, nor

does mention of trade names, commercial products, or organizations imply endorsement by

the U.S. Government.

Operating Engineers National Hazmat Program

3

Material HandlingStorage, Use and

DisposalThis lesson is for discussion of the generalrequirements for:

1. Storage2. Disposal3. Rigging4. Manual Handling


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Disposal1. Storage: The proper arrangement of

materials prevents falling or the collapsing of structures.

A. All materials stored in tiers shall be stacked, racked, blocked, interlocked, or otherwise secured to prevent sliding, falling or collapse.


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Disposal1. Storage:

B. Maximum safe load limits of floors within buildings and structures in pounds

per square foot, shall be conspicuously posted in all storage areas, except for floor or slab on grade. Maximum safe loads shall not be exceeded.


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Disposal1. Storage:

C. Aisles and passageways shall be kept clear to provide for the free and safe movement of material handling equipment or employees. Such areas shall be kept in good repair. D. When a difference in road or working levels exists, means such as ramps, blocking, or grading shall be used to ensure the safe movement of vehicles between the two levels.


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Disposal1. Storage:

E. Material stored inside buildings under construction shall not be placed within 6 feet of any hoistway or inside floor openings, nor within 10 feet of an exterior wall which does not extend above the top of the material stored.


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Disposal1. Storage:

F. Each employee required to work on stored material in silos, hoppers, tanks, and similar storage areas shall be equipped with personal fall arrest equipment.

G. Non compatible materials shall be segregated in storage.


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Disposal1. Storage:

H. Bagged materials shall be stacked by stepping back the layers and cross-keying the bags at least every 10 bags high.

I. Materials shall not be stored on scaffolds or runways in excess of supplies needed for immediate operations


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Disposal1. Storage:

J. Brick stacks shall not be more than 7 ft. in height (stepped back 2 inches per ft. after 4 ft. in height) K. Masonry block stacks tiered after 6 ft. in height (stepped back 1/2 block after 6 ft. in height) L. Lumber piles shall not exceed 20 ft. in height (shall not exceed 16 ft. if stacked manually)


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Disposal1. Storage: The following is an example of a situation where a citation

will be issued: * Storage of material within 10 ft. of the exterior edge

of an open sided floorMaterial shall not be stored within 10 ft. of an exterior wall which does not extend above top of material


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Disposal2. Disposal: Waste material should properly

be disposed of.A. All scrap lumber, waste material, and rubbish

shall be removed from the immediate work area as the work progresses.

B. Disposal of waste material or debris by burning shall comply with local fire

regulations


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Disposal2. Disposal: Waste material (continued)

C. All solvent waste, oily rags, and flammable liquids shall be kept in fire resistant covered containers until removed from work site.


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D. Whenever materials are dropped more than 20 feet to any point lying outside the exterior walls of the building, an *enclosed chute of wood, or equivalent material, shall be used.

* An enclosed chute is described as a slide, closed in on all sides, through which material is moved from a high place to a lower one.


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E. When debris is dropped through holes in the floor without the use of chutes, the area onto which the material is dropped shall be completely enclosed with barricades not less than 42 inches high and not less than 6 feet back from the projected edge of the opening above. Warning hazard signs will accompany this procedure.


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The following is an examples of a situation where a citation will be issued:

* No chute when disposing material over 20 ft.All material dropped over 20 ft. outside

of building shall be in an enclosed chute.


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Disposal3. Rigging:General guidelines for safe procedures around a rigging operation:

Never stand close to or under a load Never hoist loads over workers Never ride a load Attach hardware above the center of gravity


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Disposal3. Rigging:General guidelines for safe proceduresaround a rigging operation:

Do not exceed listed limits of safe load weight. Attach tag lines to control load movement. Check rigging with a safety test list. Remove rigging equipment when not in use.


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Disposal3. Rigging:

Rigging applies to slings used in conjunction with other material handling equipment for the movement of material by hoisting.

It shall be inspected prior to each shift use and as necessary during use to ensure safety. Defective rigging equipment shall be removed from service.


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Disposal3. Rigging:

Each day a *Competent Person shall inspect rigging equipment. It has been noted that many employees are unable to read wire rope rigging charts. For this reason a Competent Person is always assigned. This person must be capable of identifying hazards and have the authority to correct them.


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Disposal3. Rigging:The types of slings covered:

A. Alloy steel chainB. Wire ropeC. Natural or Synthetic fiber ropeD. Synthetic web


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Disposal3. Rigging: (View Tables H-1 & H-2)

A. Alloy steel chains-General rules:1. Slings shall have permanently affixed durable identification stating capacities, manufacturer and material.2. Thorough periodic inspection shall be made on regular basis.3. Attachments shall have a rated capacity at least equal to the chain.


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A. Alloy steel chains-General rules:4. Job or shop hooks and links, or makeshift fasteners, formed from bolts, rods, etc., or other such attachments, shall not be used.5. The rated capacity (working load limit) for alloy steel chain slings shall conform to the values shown in Table H-1.


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A. Alloy steel chains-General rules:6. Whenever wear at any point of any chain link exceeds that shown in Table H-2,the assembly should be removed from service.


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Disposal3. Rigging:B. Wire rope: (Use Tables H-3 to H-14)

These tables are used to determine the safe working loads of various sizes and classifications of improved plow steel wire rope and wire rope slings with various types of terminals.


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Disposal3. Rigging:B. Wire rope- General rules :1. Protruding ends of strands in splices on slings and bridles shall be covered or blunted.2. Wire rope shall not be secured by knots, except on haul back lines on scrapers.


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Disposal3. Rigging:B. Wire rope- General rules :3. When U-bolt wire rope clips are used to form eyes*, Table H-20 shall be used to determine the number and spacing of clips. *The “U” section of U-bolt contacts the end of the wire rope (dead end) folded up; saddle of clips faces long side of rope. There is an old expression used: Don’t saddle a dead horse.


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Disposal3. Rigging:B. Wire rope- General rules :4. Slings shall not be shortened with knots or bolts or other makeshift devices as they reduce the safe working loads to an unknown level.5. Do not use if broken wires (measuring in lengths of 8 diameters) exceed 10 % of the total number of wires.


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Disposal3. Rigging:B. Wire rope- General rules :

6. Sling legs shall not be kinked.7. Slings used in a basket hitch shall have the loads balanced to prevent slippage.8. Slings shall be padded or protected from the sharp edges of their loads.


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Disposal3. Rigging:B. Wire rope- General rules :9. Hands or fingers shall not be placed between the sling and its load while the sling is being tightened around the load.

10. Shock loading is prohibited. 11. A sling shall not be pulled from under a load when the load is resting

on the sling.


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Disposal3. Rigging:B. Wire rope- General rules:

12. Cable laid, (6 X 19), and (6 X 37) slings shall have a minimum clear

length of wire rope 10 times the component rope diameter between

splices, sleeves or end fittings.


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Disposal3. Rigging:B. Wire rope- General rules:13. Welding of end attachments, except covers to thimbles, shall be performed prior to the assembly of the sling. 14. Safe operating temperatures for: Fiber core- permanently removed if exposed to temperatures >200o

F Non-fiber core- refer to sling manufacturer


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Disposal3. Rigging:

C. Natural or Synthetic fiber rope: Tables H-15 to H-18 are used to determine the required

standards for the various types of slings covered here.The sling manufacturer’s recommendations shall be followed whenever these charts do not apply to a given situation.


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Disposal3. Rigging:

C. Natural or Synthetic fiber rope- General rules:

1. All splices in rope slings provided by the employer shall be made in accordance with fiber rope manufacturers recommendations.


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Disposal3. Rigging:

C. Natural or Synthetic fiber rope: 2. Follow safe operating temperatures:

May be used in temperature range from 20o F to plus 180o F without decreasing the working load limit.


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Disposal3. Rigging:

C. Natural or Synthetic fiber rope: 3. End attachments should not have sharp

edges or projections in order to prevent cutting the rope when carrying a load.4. Spliced fiber slings should not be used unless they follow the strict requirements applied for each individual type of rope.


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Disposal3. Rigging:

C. Natural or Synthetic fiber rope: 5. Remove from service if rope suffers from:

a. Abnormal wear f. Discoloration b. Variations in size g. Rottingc. Roundness of strand h. Distortion of hardwared. Powdered fiber between strandse. Broken or cut fibers


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Disposal3. Rigging:

D. Synthetic webbing- General rules:

1. Synthetic webbing shall be of uniform thickness and width and selvage edges shall not be split from the webbing’s width.


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Disposal3. Rigging:


2. Fittings shall be of a minimum breaking strength equal to that of the sling; and free of al sharp edges that could in any damage the webbing.


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Disposal3. Rigging:


3. Stitching shall be the only method used to attach end fittings to webbing and to form eyes.4. Nylon web slings shall not be used where fumes, vapors, sprays, mists or liquids of acids or phenolics are present.


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Disposal3. Rigging:

D. Synthetic webbing- General rules:5. Polyester and polypropylene web slings shall bot be used where fumes, vapors, sprays, mists or liquids of caustics are present.6. Web slings with aluminum fittings shall not be used where fumes, vapors, sprays, mists or liquids of caustics are present.


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Disposal3. Rigging:

D. Synthetic webbing- General rules:7. Synthetic web slings of polyester and nylon shall not be used at temperatures in excess of 180o F. 8. Polypropylene web slings shall not be used at temperatures in excess of 200o F.


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Disposal3. Rigging:D. Synthetic webbing- General rules:9. Remove from service if rope suffers from:a. Acid or caustic burnsb. Melting or charring of any part of the sling surfacec. Snags, punctures, tears or cutsd. Broken or worn stitchese. Distortion of fittings


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Disposal3. Rigging:The following is an example of a situation where a citation will be issued:* Not inspecting rigging for defects Rigging shall be inspected prior to each shift use and as necessary during use to ensure safety.


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Disposal3. Rigging:The following is an example of a situation where a citation will be issued:

* Competent person does not know capacity of rigging.

OSHA found a high prevalence of CompetentPersons not knowing how many broken wires

were allowed for wire rope slings.


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Disposal4. Manual Handling:There are guidelines to follow in order to avoid high incidence of back injuries and to avoid potential accidents. Safe lifting techniques for manual lifting should be practiced at the work site by supervisors as well as by employees.


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Disposal4. Manual Handling:A training program to teach proper lifting techniques should cover the following topics:A. Awareness of the health risks to improper lifting.B. Knowledge of the basic anatomy of the spine, the muscles, and the joints of the trunk, and the contributions of intra-abdominal pressure while lifting.


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Disposal4. Manual Handling:A training program to teach proper lifting techniques should cover the following topics:

C. Awareness of individual body strengths and weaknesses. Be smart. Evaluate the lift. Lift it correctly. Be aware of warning signals when lifting. D. Recognize the physical factors that might contribute to an accident, and how to avoid the unexpected.


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Disposal4. Manual Handling: A training program to teach proper lifting

techniques should cover the following topics:

E. Use safe lifting postures and timing for smooth, easy lifting and the ability to minimize the load-moment effects.


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Disposal4. Manual Handling: A training program to teach proper lifting

techniques should cover the following topics: F. Use any handling aids (stages, steps, trestles,

etc.) that may be helpful in deterring a potential accident.


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DisposalExercise # 1: Injury

Four workers were starting a pile driving operation.The hammer fell, striking

timbers on the ground.How should the workers have been protected?


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DisposalExercise # 2: Fatality

Two employees were raising a 6000 lb. piece of equipment with 2 hydraulic jacks and 4" X 4" uprights under a 5/8" side rail. When the end was jacked up, the equipment fell, killing one worker.

How could this have been avoided?

This material was produced under grant number 46C5-HT16 from the Occupational Safety and

Health Administration, U.S. Department of Labor. It does not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the U.S. Department of Labor, nor

does mention of trade names, commercial products, or organizations imply endorsement by

the U.S. Government.


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End

This publication was made possible by grant numbers 5 U45 ES06182-13 AND 5 U45 ES09763-13 from the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), NIH. Its contents are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official views of the NIEHS, NIH.

subpart h-material handling - osha

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