Semester 1 ExaminationJune 2013

Year 10 Science: Biology

Teacher: (circle): Ms Werba Ms Slingsby Ms Burke

Time: 60 minutes

Name: ………………………………………………………… Form: …………

Instructions:

Section A: Multiple Choice Questions /15 Marks Circle the best alternative on the answer sheet. Answer all questions.

Section B: Short Answer & Extended Response Questions /40 Marks Answer all questions in the spaces provided.

Total Marks available: / 55 Marks

PART A: MULTIPLE CHOICE SECTION

Please circle the most appropriate response on the answer sheet provided

1. Friedrick Meisher’s contribution to biology wasA. Making an x-ray crystallograph of DNAB. Determining the double helix structure of DNAC. Isolating DNA from cellsD. Determining the base-pair rule of DNA bases

2. How does DNA differ from RNA?A. RNA contains the sugar ribose whereas DNA has deoxyribose.B. DNA is shorter than RNA.C. DNA has uracil as one of its bases, while RNA has thymine.D. DNA is single-stranded while RNA is double-stranded.

3. Which of the following triplets could not be found on a DNA molecule?A TCGB CAGC CCGD CUC

4. The diagram below shows part of a molecule. Which statement is true

A. It is part of a DNA moleculeB. It is part of a protein moleculeC. It can be found in the nucleus and the cytoplasm of cellsD. The shaded parts are DNA and the unshaded parts are mRNA.

5. The number of chromosomes in a human somatic (body) cell is:A. 2B. 23C. 46D. 44

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6. What type of bond holds the complementary base pairs to the sugar molecules in a double helix of DNA?

A. covalent bondsB. peptide bondsC. glycosidic bondsD. hydrogen bonds

7. A certain gene codes for a polypeptide that is 120 amino acids long. Approximately how many codons are there in the mRNA that codes for this polypeptide?

A. 30B. 40C. 60D. 120

8. What is a possible consequence of two base substitution mutations occurring in the same gene?

A. Amino acids in two polypeptides coded for by the gene are changed.B. All of the codons between the two mutations are changed.C. Two amino acids coded for by the gene are changed.D. All of the codons from the first mutation onward are changed.

9. The process of cell division that produces the gametes in the sex organs is:A. cloning.B. fertilisation.C. meiosis.D. mitosis.

10. Heterozygous refers to the genotype of an organism which has:A. two of the same alleles present for a particular geneB. two different alleles for a particular geneC. two different genes for a particular alleleD. two of the same genes for a particular allele

11. Which of the following correctly represents the genotype of an individual who is homozygous recessive for an autosomal disorder?

A. HhB. XHYC. XhXh D. hh

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12. If a man has blood group O and a woman has blood group AB, what is the probability that their child will be blood group O?

A. 0 %B. 25 %C. 50 %D. 100 %

13. The pedigree below shows which members of a family could roll their tongue (■ and ●) and which could not (□ and ○). The allele for tongue rolling is dominant.

I II IIIR h esus p os itive m ale

R h esus n ega tive m a le

R h esus p os itive fem a le

R h esus n ega tive fe m a le

Which are possible genotypes of the individuals numbered I, II and III?I II III

A. TT TT Tt

B. TT Tt TT

C. TT Tt Tt

D. Tt Tt Tt

14. Variation within a species can occur by: A mutation.B pure chance.C the production of gametes.D fertilisation of ova by sperm.E all of the above.F none of the above.

15. Which of the following has not been observed as evidence to support the theory of evolution?

A. Human, monkey and chicken embryos all have gill slits in the early stages.B. The DNA of humans and chimpanzees is remarkably similar.C. The necks of giraffes get longer as they get older due to stretching to reach food.D. There are no marsupials, echidnas and platypuses in Africa.

(Total = 15 marks)

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PART B: SHORT ANSWER SECTION

1. Explain one difference and one similarity between the following terms. Paired statements must be used.

(a) mitosis and meiosis (2)

Mitosis Meiosis

Similarity

Difference

(b) DNA and RNA (2)

DNA RNA

Similarity

Difference

(c) Transcription and Translation (2)

Transcription Translation

Similarity

Difference

(Total = 6 marks)

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2. Observe the figures below that show the chromosomes belonging to four different types of organisms.

a. Suggest whether these figures are showing chromosomes from somatic cells or sex cells. Justify your response. (2)

b. Suggest, giving a reason which organisms possess chromosomes: (2)

i. most like humans.

ii. least like humans.

(Total = 4 marks)

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3. Complete the transcription and translation activity, using the table below to assist you:

Template Strand of DNAT A C C C G G A C A C C A T C

When this strand of DNA is transcribed, the resulting mRNA sequence is:

When this mRNA sequence is translated, the resulting amino acid sequence is:

(Total = 2 marks)

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4. Explain the structure of a nucleotide. Use a diagram to help your explanation.

(Total = 4 marks)

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5. The ACHOO syndrome is an inherited condition that leads to sneezing in response to bright light and is hypothesized to be inherited in an autosomal dominant fashion.

The following is a pedigree chart that shows three generations from one family:

What evidence from the pedigree chart confirms that the ACHOO syndrome is not X-linked dominant?

(a) Define autosomal inheritance. (1)

(b) What evidence from the pedigree chart confirms that the ACHOO syndrome is not X-linked dominant? (2)

(c) Determine all the possible genotypes of the individual II–1. Use appropriate symbols and show your working. (2)

(d) Determine all the possible genotypes of the individual III–4. Use appropriate symbols and show your working. . 2)

(Total = 7 marks)

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6. A person with Type A blood had a child with a person with Type B blood. This child had Type O blood.

(a) Identify the type of inheritance described by this relationship. (1)

(b) Explain how this was possible and provide evidence to support your statement. (eg. Punnett square). (3)

(c) Could their child ever have a child that had Type AB blood? Provide evidence to support your statement. (3)

(Total = 6 marks)

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7. Outline the evidence provided by DNA for the common ancestry of living organisms.

(Total = 3 marks)

8. Outline the evidence for evolution provided by homologous structures.

(Total = 3 marks)

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9. Explain how natural selection leads to evolution.

(Total = 5 marks)

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