sumerian business and administrative documents...

U N I V E R S I T Y O F P E N N S Y L V A N I A

THE UNIVERSITY MUSEUM

PUBLICATIONS O F THE BABYLONIAN S E C T I O N

VOL. IX No. 1

SUMERIAN BUSINESS AND ADMINISTRATIVE DOCUMENTS FROM T H E EARLIEST TIMES

TO THE DYNASTY OF AGADE BY

GEORGE A. BARTON

PHILADELPHIA

PUBLISHED BY THE UNIVERSITY MUSEUM

1915

TO

M. FRANCOIS THUREAU-DANGIN

BRILLIANT PIONEER I N SUMERIAN RESEARCH

CONTENTS PAGE

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I NTRODUCT I ON 7

TRANSLATION OF SELECTED TEXTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

PROPER NAMES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22

P E R S O N S . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22

GODS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . PLACES 29

MONTHS 29 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . LIST OF TABLETS 30

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . PLATES. 35

INTRODUCTION

The tablets in this volume are from the time of the dynasty of Agade and earlier periods. Numbers I and 2 are stone tablets and were purchased. The others were taken from boxes of tablets excavated a t Nuffar. A few of these are from the excavation of the second expedition, but more are from boxes of the fourth expedition. Number 3 resembles tablets from Telloh of the time of Ur-Nina, and as the only place mentioned in it is Erim, it, too, may have been purchased. All the others were apparently dug up a t Nuffar.

No. I is one of the four oldest tablets from Babylonia known. It is inscribed with pure pictographs. I t has been previously published in the Museurn Journal, Vol. I l l , No. I , in the Orient- alische Literaturieitung, Vol. XVI, 6-12, and in the writer’s Origin and Developrnent of Babylonian Writing, Leipzig, I 9 I 3, Part I , p. viii, but it is fitting that so rare a tablet should be included in a volume published by the Museum which is its fortunate possessor. This tablet was probably written about 4000 B. C.

No. 2 is the one known inscription of the time of Enkhegal, king of Lagash about 3200 B. C. or before. This tablet was published in part in the Museum Journal, Vol. lV, No. 2 . A brief description of it had previously been published by Hilprecht in the Zeitschrift fur AssyrioZogie, XI, 330, a description which Thureau-Dangin confirmed in the same journal, Vol. XV, 403. L. W. King alludes to these in his History of Sumer and Akkad,

17)

8 U N I \‘E R S ITY MUS E U M--R A BY LON I AN SECT I ON

London, 1910, p. 106. It is right that this tablet should also find a place in one of the permanent volumes of the Museum.

The other texts contained in this book are here published for the first time. They consist of the pay-rolls, contracts, receipts, etc., which reflect so faithfully the economic life of ancient Babylonia. One group contains a series of transactions of Nippur merchants. Of this class are Nos. 4, 5, 6, 7, 29, 33, and 76.

A number of fragments too small for connected translation have been included in the volume because of their palzographic interest. The palzographic material of this collection is not given separate treatment here. The writer expects to present it in another and more appropriate connection.

Three only of the tablets here published are dated: No. 2 ,

as already noted, belongs in the reign of Enkhegal; No. I O

alludes to a new Patesi of Nippur, Ur-’En-nu-uru(?), of whom nothing else is known; No. 25 comes from the reign of Naram- Sin and contains a new date-formula for one of the years of his reign. This formula runs M U dNA-RA-AM-dEN-ZU-E KA ID-E ERIN WA-GU EN-LILki-SU: “The year the divine Naram-Sin opened the mouth of the canal Erin a t Nippur.” ‘The palzographic features of the other texts leave no room for doubt that they come from the time of the dynasty of Agade or from earlier periods.

Nos. 54, 5 5 , 106, 128, and 129 are perforated labels.

TRANSLATIONS OF SELECTED TEXTS

No. I

RIDDING LAND OF A PLAGUE OF LOCUSTS, CIR. 4000 B. C.

(Cf. for text No. I , 14. I )

The translation of this pictographic tablet is difficult, and the rendering here given is but tentative. The text is, however, one of the oldest specimens of Babylonian writing, and is of such interest that it seems worth while to present such an interpretation of it as is now possible. The reasons for this interpretation were presented in the Qrientalische Literatur- Teitung, Vol. XVI, 1913, col. 6 f.

The following is a tentative transliteration and translation :

TRANSLITERATION

i . I . 1 BUR CAN Hl-GlN-MI- dSAL

2. UsU MUL I?

3. SA-NE GIN 4. KIN (??) j. MUD

11. I . I 1 1 BUR SAL-A-DU 2. 11 BUR GURlN KI NUN-

SA-BAR 3. V B U R 4. CAN UDU-SAC Us DUQ-

j. CUB TAR NlSAG DUG

6. AS TAB

QA TAR

TRAN s LATION

1 . I . I Bur of land (belonging to) Khiginmi-Sal.

2. At sunset the locusts he drove out,

3. their curse he established, 4. he removed (??) 5 . the terror.

I I . I . 3 Bur (belonging to) Saladu; 2. 2 Bur of fruit-land (belong-

3 . 5 Bur 4. of land (belonging to) Udu-

sag; the man broke a jar, 5 . he stood, he cut open a

sacrifice, a word 6. of cursing he repeated;

ing to) Nunsabar;

(9)

I O UNIVERSITY MUSEUM-BABYLONIAN SECTION

111. I . E . . H I 111. I . it went out . . .verily 2. A-UHU-A 2. against the caterpillars 3.- I 1 BUR GAN AZAG 3. 2 Bur of land were purified 4. EN-NE (??) 4. (belonging to) Enne (??); 5 . SAM AZAG SAG G I D (?) 5 . the price of purification is a

tall (?) palm-tree. 6. 111 BUR S A G . . . DUMU 6. 3 Bur of a field (belonging

NUN-DU-DU NISAG to) . . . . . . son of Nun- dudu; he offered a sacrifice,

7. SER

The tablet records the means taken to rid various tracts of land of a plague of locusts and caterpillars. The last line, “he made it bright,” refers to the ceremonial purification of the field.

In the first column, case I , the figure of a jug resting on supports is a different picture from any previously known of a well known symbol of a jug resting on a stand. Col. 111, case I ,

presents still a different picture of it . Col. I , case 2 , contains two new pictographs: the sun

entering its subterranean passage, and a locust. Col. I , the edge, presents a new and difficult sign. It is a kind of helmet with a cape a t the back, in the manner of a modern Arab kajiyeh. Two signs were previously known which had descended from a somewhat similar head-dress, though neither of them indicated so complex a picture. I have interpreted this new picture by one of these.

Col. I, 5, contains the most complete picture of a bird and egg yet found. The oldest form previously known, lacked the bill of the bird, so graphically pictured here.

Col. 11, 5, and 111, 6, contain the only pictures of hour- glass-shaped altars with a fire burning on the top that have yet been found in Babylonian writing. Such altars are frequently pictured on the seals.

7. he made (it) bright (?).

G. A. BARTON-BUSINESS AND ADMINISTRATIVE DOCUMENTS I 1

Col. 111, case 2, contains a rude picture of a caterpillar. It affords the explanation of a sign, the origin of which had long puzzled scholars. The sign means, “worm,” “vermin,” “flea,” etc., picture.

Col. I 1 growing out

and the early forms are clearly derivable from this

, case j , contains an older picture of a palm-tree of irrigated land and blowing in the wind than any

previously known. Through the courtesy of the University Museum the

writer was permitted to incorporate these pictographs in his work on the Origin and Development of Babylonian Writing, Leipzig, 1913, where they contributed to the solution of a number of hitherto unsolved problems; cf. Nos. 160, 88, 355, and 313 of that work.

No. 2

THE INSCRIPTION OF ENKHEGAL, KING OF LAGASH, CIR. 3200 B. C.

(Cf. for text No. 2, PIS. 2 and 3)

TRANSLITERATION TRANSLATION

I. I . X[XX]III BUR CAN 2. [XIXII URUDU MA-

NA 3. X X SE SIC

4. X 212 SIG

5 . GAN [EN-I jE-GALJ- SU LUGAL PUR- SI R-LA

6. VI1 BUR GAN 7. XI1 URUDU MA-NA

I . I . 33 (?) Burs of land; 2. 22 (?) manas of bronze;

3. 20 (gurs) of winnowed

4. I O (gurs) of cleansed iir-

5 . a field for Enkhegal, king

grain;

plant;

of Lagash.

6. 7 Burs of land; 7. 12 manas of bronze;

12 UNIVERSITY MUSEUM- BABYLONIAN SECTION

11. I . XX. UR-SAM 2. 11 SE SIC

3. DU-SIG-LUGAL

4. GAN-XI-RU 5. X1 BUR GAN-KI

6. V URUDU MA-NA 7. X1 M A S S E SlG

8. G A N S A M - S U K U M - M E

GAL PUK-SIR-LA 9. EN-HE-GAL-SU LU-

I 0. DU-SI G-LUGAL

I l l . I . VI11 BUR GAN 2. 11 BAL, 3. XI GAB-SE SIC

4. X MAS $E SIC

5. EN-ME-CAL LUGAL 6. KAS E-KI

7. LAL-Kl 8. LUGAL N 1 M C IN SAG

LAL

9. MAS NUN BAR NIG-

IO . XXX LAL 11 BUR GU

GAN 1 1 . XI1 URUDU MA-NA

IV. I . XL SE SIC

2. X X LAL I BUR GAN

1 I . I . 20 (gurs) of ur-plant ; 2. 2 (gurs) of winnowed

3. of the royal standard of

4. a rain-prepared field; 5 . I I burs of unimproved

6. 5 manas of bronze; 7. I 14 gurs of winnowed

8. a field of shztkum-rn2-

9. for Enkhegal, king of

IO. of the royal standard of

grain

purity-

land,

grain-

plants

Lagash-

purity. 111. I . 8 Burs of land;

2. z burs of ploughed land; 3. I I (gurs) of winnowed

4. IO+ (gurs) of winnowed

5. (for) Enkhegal, the king, 6. improver (7) of the

land's irrigation, 7. uniter (?) of the land, 8. the exalted king, chief

counsellor, the sub- duer,

9. princely leader, great lord.

gab-grain ;

grain;

IO. 28 Burs of land;

I I . 12 manas of bronze; IV. I . 40 (gurs) of winnowed

grain; 2. 19 burs of land;

T h e correct transliteration of this sign is unknown. See Meissner's Seltene assyrische Ideo- gramme, No. 3781-2.

G. A. BARTON-BUSINESS AND ADMINISTRATIVE DOCUMENTS I3

3. I V C X S URUDU NA- MA

4. x MAS SE SIG

5 . IV BUR LUGAL-KI 6. 111 BUR LUGAL-KI

KUR CIS-RU

MAR 7. BAR SIL GIS-GISIM-

8. GU-GAN ZUR-KI

9. EN-HE-GAL IO. LUGAL BUR-SIR-LA 1 1 . XIV BUR GAN 12. VIClI URUDU MA-NA

V. I . I 1 SE SIC

2. BAD-GIS-GI 3 . 51s IB-KURUN 4. GlRIN GAL 5. X BUR CAN

7. I 1 SE SIC 6. IIC URUDU MA-NA

8. GAN-A-US 9. MAS NUN BAR NIG-

GU

APIN

LAL

SrS S I D-MAL(?) -RU

I I . LUGALNIM GIN SAG

1 2 . KAT. . . . . . [LUICAL VI. I . VI11 BUR GAN

2. CLXXX SE SIC

3. CAN PAR-A-GAB-ES

4. CLX SIG S E APIN (?I

3. 420 inanas of bronze;

4. I O + (gurs) of winnowed

5. 4 burs of royal land; 6. 3 burs of royal land, cap-

tured from Umma (?), 7. bordering on the old

palm trees 8. of Gu-edin, the cher-

ished land 9. of Enkhegal,

grain;

IO. king of Lagash. I I . 14 Burs of land; 1 2 . 602 manas of bronze;

V. I . 2 (gurs ) of winnowed grain;

2. of Badgishgi, 3. brother of Ibkurun. 4. A large enclosure: 5 . I O burs of land; 6. 200 manas of bronze; 7. 2 (gurs) of winnowed

grain; 8. (for) Ganaush, 9. princely leader, great

lord, IO. brother of Shidmal'(?)ru,

the shepherd, I I . the exalted king, chief

counsellor, the sub- duer,

12. . . . . . , . , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . VI. I . 8 Burs of land;

2. 180 (gurs ) of winnowed grain-

3. a field of ParagabeS (?),

4. ( 1 6 0 [gurs] of winnowed grain), the shepherd,

- 'The sign is apparent ly mal or ha1 s tanding on end

14 UNIVERSITY MUSEUM-BABYLONIAN SECTION

5 . MAS NUN BAR NIG- GU

6. DU-SIG-LUGAL

7. XXI BUR CAN NIG

8. C U D CAN 9. [CIXL URUDU [MA-

UD-DU

NAI

2. A-S[A] 3. VICXXXVI URUDU

10. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . _ . . VII. I . X B U R G A N

NA-MA 4. MAS-APIN

5 . I l l BUR URU-MUS 6. ICXX URUDU MA-

NA 7. MAS A P IN

8. CAN BUR-[SIK-LA]

2. VICXC' BUR GAN 3. XXXVIIICX URUDU

Rev. I . I . AN-GU-ZI

MA-NA 4. X X I MAS SE sic

5. I 1 BUR BAL 6. GAN-SAM

I I . I . LUGAL-KI-GAL-LA 2. I S I B ~ N IN-G I R-su 3. GAN-NIG

5. princely leader, great lord-

6. of the royal standard of purity.

7. 21 Burs of land, belonging to Uddu,

8. an ox-irrigated field, 9. 140 manas of bronze.

IO. . , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . VlI. I . I O Burs of land,

2. a field. 3. 636 manas of bronze,

4. (for) the leader, the

5 . (3 Burs) Urumush. 6. 120 manas of bronze

shepherd,

7. (for) the leader, the

8. of the field of Lagash (?),

2. 690 Burs of land; 3. 3810 manas of bronze;

shepherd

Rev. I . I . Anguzi.

4. 219 (gurs) of winnowed

5 . 2 burs of ploughed land; 6. land purchased

11. I . (for) Lugalkigalla, 2. priest of Ningirsu. 3. Real estate holdings.

grain,

The last line is the name of the account. It designates the Similar names kind of account to which the tablet belongs.

are found in the accounts of later time.

' T h e inner circle of the first sign may be due to the natural shading of the stone; in this case t h e number would be 150.

G. A. BARTON-BUSINESS AND ADMINISTRATIVE DOCUMENTS 15

On the edge is scratched LUGAL-SAG-NE BA-NU . . . . . . . . , or, “Lugalsagne made it (?).” As a part of the verb may be broken away, we are not able to complete the statement with certainty .

Some of the lines might be translated in more than one way, but a discussion of the technical reasons for the render- ings adopted is hardly necessary. A few points of general interest can be noted. The reader will observe that a t this early time it made no difference in what order the syllables of a word were written, provided they were all put down. Mana, for example, is sometimes spelled MA-NA, and sometimes NA-MA. A similar freedom was exercised in the order of the sentences. The phrase “of the royal standard of purity’’ is sometimes far removed from the grain to which it applies.

Two or three points of historical interest may be noted. Shidmal(?)ru, who is described in col. V, I O as “ the shepherd, the exalted king,” was apparently a predecessor of Enkhegal. It is his brother whose purchase of land is recorded in this tablet. I have tentatively read in col. IV, 6 the name of the city Umma, which was a near neighbor of Lagash, with which she was often a t war.l Umma in later texts is spelled by the picture of a bow and arrow held in the hand, and this name by the picture of a bow alone, but the reference is probably to the same city in each case.

Again in col. IV, 8 a field is described as GU-GAN, “bank of the field.” I take this to be a variant description of the field called in later texts GU-EDIN, “bank of the plain.” It was a field which lay between Umma and Lagash, over which the two cities frequently f0ught.l I t was because the men of Umma


invaded this plain that Ennatum, a later king of Lagash, under- took the war which is celebrated in the famous Stele of Vultures, most of which is preserved in the Louvre, though one fragment of it is in the British Museum.

The reader will notice that along with grain, bronze was used as a medium of exchange. Apparently a t this early time the use of silver or gold for this purpose had not begun. We begin to trace their use in the reign of Ur-Nina and his successors, though bronze was sometimes employed for a long time after- ward. In Egypt bronze was used as a medium of exchange much longer than it was in Babylonia.

In this tablet both the circular and the cuneiform numerals were employed. For their relationship see M. I . Hussey, Suvnerian Tablets, 1. 2 1T.

No. 3

A PURCHASE OF HUMAN LABOR

(Cf. for the text No. 4, pl. 5 )

I . I . I NIN-MU-GIM 2. I NIN-NIG-TIL-GI 3 . KA-~UTU-Z I

5. I SES-KU-LI 4. DUMU EDIN-TU3

6. NU-BANDA AZAC-KIM- N E

7. Lo-MUN-NIR-Nl -AZAG 8. NI-SAR-KA-A 9. NI-SI-SAM

I I . CIS-A-AB-TA BAL-RA-SU I 0. KA-G El?-NA- KA

12. MU LUGAL

I . I . One, Ninmugim; 2 . one, Ninnigtilgi; 3 . Ka-dUtuzi 4. son of Edintush; 5 . one, Sheskuli: 6. Nu-banda, Azagl<imne,-

7. Ltimunnirniazag 8. wrote a contract, 9. he bought (them).

I 0. Kagenaka I I . from word to word 1 2 . in the name of the king

The sign is ORW, 612.

G. A. BARION- BUSINESS AND ADMlNlSTRATlVE DOCUMENTS 1 7

11. I . LO-LO-NU-BA

4. I I k a m ~ ~ ~ - S ~ 5. K A - d ~ ~ ~ - ~ ~

7. d ~ ~ - ~ ~ ~ - ~ ~ - ~ ~ - ~ ~

8. D U M U A - B A - d ~ ~ - ~ ~ ~ - ~ ~ 9. NI-SI-SAM

Io. CIS-A-AB-TA BAL-RA-SU

2. GA-GA-DA-A 3. GU-BI AL-KUL

6. DUMU EDlN-TU5

11 . M U LUGAL 12. LO-LO-NU-[BA]

1 4 . GU-BI [AL-KUL] I 3. GA-GA-[ DA-A]

111. I . 1 LUGAL 2 . DUMU E-DA 3. I EN-EDIN-NI 4. DUP-SAR 5. I LUGAL-GIS

7. LO-KI-KA-MA-BI-ME a. I SES-KU-LI

6. DUMU A-KAL-LI

9. NU-BANDA AZAG-KIM- N E

LO- MUN- N I R- NI-AZAG I I . N I-SAR-RA-A

IV. I . NIG-GIR-NA-SU

12. PA-RIM-E31 13. I 1 1 AZAG GIN

2. SU-BA-TI 3. I E-TA-MU-ZU 4. SU-BI DUB

5 . PA-KIM-BI 6. I MAS AZAG G I N 7. NIG-GIR-NA-SU a. SU-BA-TI 9. KUK

I I . I . as liilhnuba-officer 2. filled it out; 3 . its words he transcribed 4. for a second copy(?). 5. Ka-dUtuzi 6. son of Edintush 7. dEnlilmaba 8. son of Aba-dEnlil 9. purchased;

IO. from word to word' I I . in the name of the king I 2. as lhlilnuba-officer 13. he filled it out, 1 4 . its words he transcribed.

111. I . One, Lugal 2. son of Eda, 3. one, Enedinni, 4. a scribe; 5. one, Lugalgish 6. son of Akalli, 7. villeins(?) ; 8. one, Sheskuli, 9. nu-banda, Azagkimne,

I 0. Lhmunnirniazag I I . bound out. 12. His hire,

~ 1 3 . 3 shekels of silver, IV. I . cash in hand,

2. he has received. 3 . One, Etamuzu,- 4. his person was let by con-

tract; 5. his hire 6. 13 shekels of silver, 7. cash in hand, 8. he has received. 9. second (copy).

For this meaning cf. B. I 1435 and R. 549.

I 8 UNIVERSITY MUSEUM-BABYLONIAN SECTION

This is the second copy of a transaction in which a certain Lhmunnirniazag purchases the right to the labor of certain men, who are either serfs or villeins. The document of purchase was filled out in proper order by an officer authorized by the king. Lhmunnirniazag then sells the labor of one of these to a certain Enlilmaba. He also hires out two others whose wages are paid him in cash.

No. 4

A TRANSACTION I N G ENERAL MERCHANDISE

(Cf. for the text No. 5, pl. 6)

I . I . I SAG-AL?-A 2. I NIN-SUB-NE 3 . I NIN-BARA-GI 4. SUSANNA AZAG(SA-NA)

IV GIN

URUDU 5 . VI M A ? UD-KA-BAR-

6. 7. KI-LAL-BI I 1 MA-NA

? U D-KA-BAR-U RU DU

8. I MA-TAG-CIS 9. KI-LAL-BI VI1 MA-NA

IO . I GUBA-LAL URUDU 1 1 . KI-LAL-BI-VI11 MA-NA ]z. 11 DEL-CIS-ERIMGAG-

GA-URUDU 1 3 . KI-LAL-BI MAS MA-NA

1 1 . I . 111 GIN AZAG

KAM 2 . GAR-SA U R I - U R U D U -

3 . N A M-TA R-U RU-N E 4. U R - d ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ - ~ ~ ~ - ~ ~

I. I . One, Sagala 2. One, Ninsubne, 3. One, Ninbaragi, 4. f manas, 4 shekels of silver.

5 . 6 manas(?) of copper

6. . . . . .copper bronze; 7. their price is 2 manas; 8. I wooden MA-TAG,' 9. its price is 7 manas;

IO. I bronze guba-lal,2 I I . its price is 8 manas. 12. 2 bronze cutters for the

centers of seed-palm trees, 13. their price is 3 mana;

bronze,

1 I . I . 3 shekels of silver, 2. the balance of the price in

bronze of Akkad 3. to Namtaruru 4. Ur-Engurtilla

1 Perhaps a long wooden spear. 2 Perhaps a hand-balance. 8 Cf. Brunnow, 8143 and Muss-Arnolt, 243b.

G. A. BARTON-BUSINESS AND ADMINISTRATIVE DOCUMENTS 19

5 . 1N-NA-LAL 6. I "'"GINAR DUN-E-BA 7. I giSGINAR RU-QA-E-BA 8. X CUR GI CXX 9. X C U R GI LX

IO. xv SE-NI-GA 1 1 . [XI] GIG-NI-GA 12. . . . . . . . V ZID 13. GAD 14. HUL- LUCAL- KA-E-CIS-

UR-KAM I 5 . UR-dENGAR-[TIL-LA]

111. I . NI-BA 2. I d ~ ~ - ~ ~ - ~ ~

5 . LUGAL-N I G- D l? L-TA

7. I SAG-E

IO. I KA-~UTU-ZI

I 2. L zi- K I- KA-M A-B I -M i? 13 . MU-LUGAL-SU

3 . AZAG-GlM 4. I NAM-TAR-URU

6. DAM-KAR-Ml?

8. Lzi-giiGGNAR, 9. I LUGAL-KALAM-MA

1 1 . DUMU EDIN

14. KA-BI AL-NA

5 . paid. 6. I DUN-E-BA chariot, 7. I RU-QA-E-BA chariot, 8. I O gur of reeds at 1 2 0 , ~

9. I O gur of reeds a t 60 ,~ IO. 1 5 (gur) sesame(?) I I . I I (gur) oily GIG-plant 12. . . . . . 5 (gur) flour 13. a garment, 14. to Ijullugalkaegishur

I 5 . Ur-Engartilla

2. one, EnliIi, 3. a silversmith, 4. one, Namtaruru, 5 . from Lugalnigdel, 6. merchants; 7. one, Sag-&, 8. charioteer, 9. one, Lugalkalamma,

IO. one, Ka-Utuzi, I I . son of Edin; 12. villeins(?): 13. by the name of the king 14. their word3 they fortified.

111. I . delivered.

The above is an interesting transaction between two merchants, who dealt in slaves, metal implements of various kinds, and the services of villeins. It is one of a series of similar tablets which give a vivid idea of the commodities which passed from hand to hand in Nippur four thousand eight hundred years ago.

1 I t is uncertain whether t h e notation is of t h e weight SAG-GAL or SA-DUG (cf. OBW, I f denominations SAG-GAL are denoted, this would be 72 instead of 120. 1, pp. 145 and 147 f , ) .

I f t h e measure is SAG-GAL, this should be read as 36 instead of Go. i . e . , their bargain.


No. 5

A TRANSACTION IN PRECIOUS METALS A N D IMPLEMENTS MADE FROM THEM

(Cf. for the text No. IO, pl. IO)

I . I . I AZAG-GI GIN 2. I GID AZAG 3 . KI-LAL-BI X AZAG GIN

4. I DUB ZA-KUK j. KI-LAL-BI I 1 GIN 6. I DUB AZAG-GI 7. KI-LAL-BI I 1 GIN LAL

IGI- I I I-GAL 8. I ZA-AD-MIN 9. [KI-LAL] I AZAG-GIN-k""

IO . . . , . . .UD-KA-BAR N I M UKUDU

1 1 . KI-LAL-BI 11 MA-NA 12. . . . . . .NI-NU URUDU

11. I . KI-LAL-BI MAS [MA-NA] 2. MAS AZAG GIN

4. I 1 GID URUDU KUI, 3. BI-BA-AN-GUR

SAG-GA j. KI-LAL-BI SUSANNA

7. ES-KU

[ SA-N A] 6. I 1 SAG ZA-KUR

8. [KI-L.AL]-BI IV GIN

I . I . One shekel of gold; 2. one flute of gold; 3. i t b price is I O shekels of

4. one tablet of lapis lazuli; j. its price is 2 shekels; 6. one tablet of gold; 7. its price is I + shekels;

silver;

8. one ZA-AD-MIN 9. [at the price] of I silver

IO. . . . .copper bronze flies; shekel

I I . their price is two nianas; 12. . . . . . .NI-NU of bronze;

I I . I . their price is + [mana], 2 . shekel of silver,- 3 . these are appraised. 4. Two bronze flutes of sweet

5. their price is + [mana]; voice(?) ;

6. 2 heads of lapis lazuli 7. for a house'; 8. their price is four shekels

Unfortunately this text, which is dated in the reign of Ur-dEn-nu-uru(?), patesi of Nippur, is too broken for further translation. The portion of it here presented affords us, however, a welcome glimpse into the civilization of the Babylo- nians of the time of the dynasty of Agade.

i . e . , for house-ornaments, or possibly household gods

C;. A . BARTON-RLJSIN ESS AND ADMINISTRATIVE DOCUMENTS 21

No. 6

RECEIPT FOR GRAIN

(Cf. for this text No. 122, pl. 62)

Ob I . I ICXXII SE-GUR A-GA- Ob. I . 222 Agade-gur of grain, El

2. IN CUR SAG-GAL 2 . into gur SAG-GAL of AMAK-DA~ ' Marad

3. KNE 3. changed,

2. IM- HUK 2 . received. 3 . SE AMAK-DA~' 4. SU-RA 4. was delivered.

Rv. I . SU-MA-MA RV. I . Su-ma-ma

3. The grain at Marad

Seal UR-dEN-ZU Ur-Enzu, DUP-SAR scribe.


PROPER NAMES

NAMES OF PERSONS

Abbreviations: b=bro the r ; f= fa the r ; h = h u s b a n d ; m = m o t h e r ; s=son; sl=slave; w=wife; OBW = Barton, The Origin and Development of Babylonian Writing.

A-ba-'En-lil: I . 19, vi, 4; 36, ii, 11; 108,

ii, 4. 2. dam-kar and f . of 'En-lil-

ma-ba: 4, ii, 8; 9, ii, 9; 13, ii, 9; 29, i, 7, ii, 9, iv, 3; 86, i, 6.

Ab-ta-gi: 60, i, 3. A-gar-ra: 40, i, 7. AgIm2: 1.5, i, 9. A-dingir-ra-ta: 36, ii, 4. A-dEn-[lil]: 43, ii, 5. Ad-da: 19, vii, 4; 42, ii, 2 and 4;

Ad-da-da, f . dEn-ki?: 73, iii, 2.

Arag-kim-ne, nu-banda: 4, i, 6. A-kal-la, f . Lugal-gi?: 4, iii, 6. Ama-gir: 43, i, I I . Arna-dDa-mu, apinwd, s. Zah-dEn-

Ama-kalam-ma: 76, ii, 4. Ama-nig-tu: 43, 8. Ama-temen: 17, ii, 6. Am-dEn-lil:

I . 43, ii, 12; 61, 5. 2. s. Lugal-rin-da: 15, ii, 7.

Amar-ba-ab: 87, ii, I I ,

Amar-dSe-ter-diS: 8, i, 6 ; 52, i, 5. Amar-la-ininni: 41, i, 7. Amar-ni: 80, ii, 5. An-gu-ti, 2, viii, I . A-ni-ni, 42, i, 4 and 9; 50, ii, 5 .

92, i, 4.

lil: 12, ii, I .

A-ni-ta, 87, i, 4; I I 5 , ii, I .

A-rug-rug, f . 'En-lil-lal: 9, i, 12; f . Ur-ku-dam: 13, i, 14; 76, iii , 14; f . Ur-ni: 14, i, IO.

AS-ni, dam-kar: 62, i, 7.

E-Or: 43, i, 7. E-da, f . Lugal: 4, iii, 2.

Edin-tu;, f . Ka-'Utu-ti: 4, i, 4; ii, 6; 5, iii, 12.

E-'&r, s. 'Nind-ka: 12, i, IO. E-kalama: I I , i, 6 and 9. E-ki-gal-la, e-16; 7, 111, 17; e-16

and 5. Ur-'En-ti: 9, i, 6. Eme-ni-gd: 40, ii, I .

E-muS: 2, vii, 5 . En-ama: 25, ii, 2.

En-edin-ni:

t..

I . 7, i, I I ; 44, ii, 6. 2. dup-gar: 4, iii, 3; 103, ii, 4.

En-hi-gd, lugal Sir-pur-la: 2, i, 5; ii, 9; iii, 5; iv, 9.

En-ne?: I , iii, 4. En-nu, lii-ki-ka-ma-bi and s. 'Gal:

En-temen-na: I 5, i, I 0.

En-tu?-edin: 76, iii, 2.

E-ri-la-ne: 129, i, 2.

Erin-temen: 40, i, 3. E-ta: 29, iii, I I .

E-ta-mu-p: 4, iv, 3 .

5 I , ii, 7.

G. A. BARTON-BUSINESS AND ADMINISTRATIVE DOCUIMEN'TS 23

Igi-ur-mu: 59, i, 5. lgi-dEn-lil-ra, igib dNin-X1-ga: 67,

In-ki-dug: 50, ii, 6. Ii-mu-tu: 30, 4.

i, 6.

Ud-du: 2, vi, 7. Um-mi-a: 3 , v, 5. UraJ-kurun, b. Bad-gis-gi: 2, v, 3, UraJ-mu-turn, apin: 25, i, 3. UraZ-s'u-dEn?-ternen-urn: 18, iv, 4. Uru-ra-ra: 121, i, I I .

Ur-aka: 7, iii, 12; 9, ii, 7. Ur?-a-tum, apin: 25, i, 7. Ur-ib-urd: 63, iv, 7. Ur-um-ma: 85, ii, 9. Ur-ba-ab: 87, ii, 8. Ur-ga, dumu-ni: 34, ii, 6. Ur-gal-la, f , Lugal-ku-e: 3 I , i, 7. Ur-gu-lal-gal: 76, iii, 5 . Ur-da: 19, vii, 3 . Ur-dAb, f . au-du: 91, i, 5. Ur-dEngur: 5, ii, 4; 6, ii, 6; iii, 3,

Ur-dEn-fu: iv, 3 ; 7, i, 4.

I . dup-gar: I 20, seal. 2. b. Ur-ni: 77, ii, 4.

Ur-dEn-Ki: 3, iv, 3 ; 63, iv, 6. Ur-dEn-ki-ka: 121, iii, 2. Ur-dEn-lil: 92, i, 2; 97, ii, 4. Ur-dEn-lil-lal: 41, i, IO. Ur-dEn-nu-uru(?), patesi En-lilki :

IO, iii, IO.

Ur-dEn-ti, f . E-ki-gal-la: 9, i, 7. Ur-'Id-ka: 6, iii, 8. Ur-dIm: 42, i, 5 ; 83, ii, 7. Ur-dlninni:

I . 87, iii, 3; 88, iii, 4; I 12, 2.

2 . f . Kalam-il: 12, ii, 6. Ur-dIninni-sag: 82, ii, 2.

Ur-dUi-mu: 41, ii, I .

Ur-dGiS?-. ., f . Ur-dun: I I 5 , i, 5. Ur-dGu-lal: 58, ii, 3. Ur-dGu-lal-ld: 14, i, 8. Ur-dDa-mu:

I . 18, ii, IO.

2. s. dEn-lil-lal: 96, i, 2.

[Ur]-dDumu-li: 18, iv, I I .

Ur-dDumu-ii-da: 105, ii, 2. Ur-dDun-pa-d: 50, i, 3; I IO, ii, 7. Ur-dKa-[di]: 42, iii, I .

Ur-dKu-ner-da: 38, ii, 2 .

Ur-dNin-ib: 58, i, 7. Ur-dSir: 15, ii, 12. Ur-dSu-ner-gal: 59, ii, I . Ur-dun:

I . f . Ur-dGiZ?- .: I I 5 , i, 6. 2. f . Ne-sag: 67, ii, 3.

Ur-dun-qa-da: I I I , ii, 3. Ur-la, dup-sar?: 62, i, 2. Ur-fag-ma: 57, i, 5; 63, iii, 8 ; 97,

Ur-la-ka, f . Lib'Nannar: 41, i, 9. Ur-p : 63, iv, 2. Ur-ki-nar: 67, ii, 5. Ur-ku-dam:

I . s. A-rug-rug: 13, i, 3; 5 1 , ii,

2. s. Ka?-dEn-li l-da-lu: 13,

i, 2 and 3.

6; 76, iii, I 3.

ii , 4. Ur-lal-li: 19, ii, 6. Ur-lam-ma: 39, ii, 8. Ur-li- .: 43, ii, 8. Ur-lil-dam-l&, Iii-ki-ka-ma-bi: 5 I ,

Ur-ma-ma: 14, ii, 2. Ur-ma:: 43, i, 9. Ur-ni:

ii , 9.

I . 1 1 , i, 3; 76, iii, 15; 88, iv, I ; 92, i, 3.

IOBW, 576.

U N I V E R S I T Y MUSEUM 24 B A B Y L O N I A N SECTION

2. s. A-rug-rug and M-ki-ka-

j. Lugal-Sag-afag-him: 14, i, 6. 4. b. Ur-'En-pt: 77, ii, 3.

ma-bi: 14, i, 9; 51, ii, 5.

Ur-pa-. . . . .: 19, iii, 7 . Ur-sag, pa-te-si: 64, ii, 7. Ur-raw: 76, iii, 4. Ur-ram-e: 29, iii, 8. Ur-rug: 75, ii, 4; 87, iii, 4. Ur-Sag: 87, i, 3. Ur-jag-ga: 67, i, 2 ; go, i, 2 ; I I 5 ,

Ur-s'ah: 3, iii, 2. Ur-tewen-tis'pak: 19, vii, I .

US-. .: 63, iii, 5. US-kalam: 63, iii, 12.

US-ku: 82, ii, 2 .

US-kur, s. Lugal-Ti: 12, i, 3. Utu-sag: I , ii, 4. Ufu-ka-bar-dam: 5 , i, 6 and 7.

i, 3 and ii, 5 .

Bad-gi;l-gi, b. Urus'-kurun: 2, v, 2.

Bur-'Gid-. . : I 3, i, 6. Bur-ru-da: 5 1 , i, 7.

Gad-bar-. . : 13, i, 6. Ga-ki-ra: 42, iv, 2. Ghl-ba-ri, sl. Ku-TU: 30, 5 . Gd-dC-ku: 16, ii, 2 .

Gal-kal-itu-da: 80, ii, 3. Gal-lu-. . . . . , dup-8ar: I 1 5 , ii, 2.

Gal-lu-juku-gid: 83, ii, 4. Gan-a-us', b. Sid-mal?-ru: 2, v, 8. Gan-da-pa-nam: 67, ii, 6. Gan-dEn-lil, f . dEn-lil-lal, 12, i, 7. Gi-gi: I IO, 2 .

Gis'-mi: 87, ii, IO; 97, i, 5. Gu-ga-ni, s. Lugal-ld: 25 , ii, 4. Gu-ni-du: 3, iii, 6; 1 5 , ii, 1 3 .

Da-da, s. Ama-tu: 65, i, 3. Da-da-gu-la, s. Nam-tar-uru and lii-

Da-ni-ta: 88, iv, 3. Da-ti: 97, i, I .

'Utu-ku: 40, i, 6 . 'En-ki, s. Da-da-[da]: 7 j , iii, I .

'En-lil: 97, i, 6; ii, I .

'En-lil-a-mu: 19, vii, 6 ; 80, ii, 7. dEn-lil-ad-da: 5 I , ii, 4. dEn-lil-da: 87, ii, 6; 97, ii, 3. 'En-lil-dingir-ju: 77, ii, I 3. 'En-lil-'Ka: 97, I , 3. ' En-lil-lal:

ki-ka-ma-bi: 8, ii, I .

I . 36, ii, 9; 97, i, 4; ii, 5. 2. s. A-rug-rug: 9, i, I I .

3. s. Gan-'En-lil: 12, i, 6. 4. s. Sag-a-du: 76, iii, IO.

5. s. Sag-8: 13, ii, 2; lii-ki-ka- ma-bi: 5 I , ii, 8.

I . 19, vi, 5 ; 87, ii, 5 . 2. dam-kar: 5 , iii, 2; 7, ii, I

and 15; iii, 5 and 1 1 .

3. azag-kim: 5, iii, 2; 6, ii, 9.1

I . 14, i, 3; 76, i, 6; ii, 7; iii, 3 and 8.

2. s. A-ba-'En-lil: 4, ii, 7; 9, ii, 8 and 12; 13, ii, 8 ; 29, i, 5 ; ii, 8 and iv, 3; 86, i, 5 ; 108, ii, 3.

'En-ld-li:

' En-lil-li-ma-ba:

dEn-lil-mas'-zu: 59, i, 2 .

dLO, f . Lugal-en-nu: 12, i, 5 ; 13,

Dingir-ni: 63, iii, 4. 'Nin-lil-ama: 1 5 , i, 12.

dNind-ka, f . E-'Sur: 12, i, I I .

dNin-s'ah: 3 , iv, 2 .

ii, I ; f . En-nu: 51, ii, 7.

1 By a variant spelling t h e name is here dEn-lil-al.

25 G. A. BARTON- BUSINESS AND ADMINISTRATIVE DOCUMENTS

Dug-ga-ni: 17, vi, 7. Du-du, s. lJr-dAb: 91, i, 4; f . . . .

dEn-lil: 78, ii, 5 . DO-pa-2, apin: 25, i, 5.

Zag-mu-de : I , 7, ii, 3; 76, ii, 8. 2. nu-gan and b. Ne-ni-Ti-ku:

86, ii, 2. Zab-'En-lil: 12, ii, 2.

Za-na-gu-la: 15, ii, 6. Za-ni: 19, ii, 5. Zur-gul: 3, iii, 5.

Ha-Sag-ga, s. Ur-. . . . . : 66, ii, 5 . He-gd-[la]: 42, i, IO .

He-gi-mi-'SaZ: I , i, I .

He-li: 109, i, 5 . He-Sag: 18, iv, 5. FJe-Si+gar-li: 16, ii, 3. Hul-ad-da: 27, 4. Hul-e, la-ka-e-nu: 33, ii, 8. Hul-lugal-ka-e-giS-ur: 5, ii, 14; 6,

ii, 5 .

Ka-aiag : I . 15 , ii, 9. 2 . dup-Sar: 18, iii, 5 and IO.

Ka-bi-al-kur: 4, ii, 3. Ka-dUtu-fi:

I . s. Edin-tu;: 4, i, 3; ii, 4. 2. s. Edin and la-ki-ka-ma-bi :

5, iii, IO.

Ka-dUtu-ii-te: 5, i, 5. Ka-dEn-lil-da-lO, f . Ur-dun: I 3,

ii, 5 . Kalarn-il:

I . dam-kar and s. Ur-dIninni: 12, ii, 5 ; 15, ii, 6.

2. dumu-ni: 36, ii, 7. 3. s. Pa-. . . . . .: 66, ii, 2.

Ka-ma-dIS-tu-ruk-hi: 25, ii, 9. Ki-ni: 19, vi, 6. Ku-us'-tur: 83, ii, 2. Ku-tu: 59, i, 3.

Lii-e-gal, s. Tal-la: 18, i, 8. LO-ud-da: 77, ii, 16. Lugal:

I . apin: 96, ii, 4. 2. s. E-da: 4, iii, I .

Lu,gal-. . . . . . : 87, ii, 12.

Lugal-al: 87, i, 2.

Lu,gal-b[mu]: 80, ii, 8. Lugal-an-ni: 47, ii, 5 . Lugal-apin-dug: I 5 , ii, 5 . Lu'gal-en-nu:

I . 13, i, 1 5 ; 57, i, 2 ; 74, ii, 4;

2. s. dGdl: 12, i, 3. 76, iii, 12.

Lugal-en-ki, 16-ki-ka-ma-bi : 8, ii, 7.

Lugal-igi: 121, i, 9. Lugal-itu-da: 43, i, 6. Lugal-ud-da: 63, i, 4. Lugal-gab, dup-Sar: 33, ii, 3. Lugal-gun: 19, i, 6. Lugal-ginarl-bar: 42, i, 6. Lugal-giS:

I . 19, iii, 3; 29, ii, 6; 53, I ; 78, ii, 6; 108, i, 3.

2. s. A-kal-li: 4, iii, 5 . Lugal-giS-gal-ni: 76, ii, I 2.

LugaFdIrn-rni, uru: I 7, ii, 3. LugahdUtu: 9, i, 7. Lugal-dUtu,-ni: I I , i, 7. Lugal-dingir-ni-e: I I , ii, 4. Lugal-dingir-ra: 9, ii, 2. Lugal-ii, f . US-kur: 12, ii, 4. Lugal-ka: 87, ii, 7 ; I 12, i, 4. Lugal-ka-2, s. Ur-gdl-ka: 33, ii, I .

Lugal-ka-gi-nu, s. Na-ba: 41, i, 4.

26 UNIVERSITY MUSEUM- BABYLONIAN SECTION

Lugal-kalam-ma, M-ki-ka-ma-bi : 5,

Lh-gal-ka-ni, nu-la-ininni: 3, vi, I .

Lugal-IO, f . Gu-ga-ni: 25, ii, 5 . Lugal-ki-gal-la:

I . 2, ix, I .

2. 58, ii, 5; 66, i, 3 ; 77, ii, 12;

iii, 12.

96, ii, 4. Lugal-ki-ram: 58, i, 3. Lugal-nam-gi-tar-ra: 65, i, 2. Lugal-ner-ghl: 28, ii, 6. Lugal-nig-bad-dug: 65, ii, 8; 67, ii, 8. Lugal-nig-dB1, dam-kar: 5 , iii, 5; 6,

Lugal-nig-p: ii, 12.

I . h. Nin-bar-ra: 8, ii, 2.

2. 7, ii, I O ; 107, i, 2.

Lugal-nig-p-da: 19, i, 7. Lugal-nig-sag: 13, i, 8. Lugal-sukum-ininni: 5 I , i, 5 . Lugal-ra:

I . 50, i, 4; 88, iv, 2.

2. s. Nu-sik-mi: 79, ii, 4.

I . 28, ii, 7. 2. f . Am-dEn-lil: 15, ii, 8.

Lugal-Sag: 80, ii, 4. Lugal-s'hg-. . . . .: 44, i, 5 . Lugal-tar-Xu: 74, i, 2. Lugal-temen-ininni: 19, ii, 2.

Lugal-temen-Or: 19, i, 3. Lugal-x', lii-garas: 12, i, 9. Lugal-xlaiag-ga, f . . . . . . . . . -1i-gur:

13, ii, 7. L&-gar-itu: 128, i. L&-dNannar, s. Ur-la-ka: 41, i, 8. LbdNina?: 16, iii, I .

Lh-dX2: 121, ii, 8. LO-dG-ku: 16, ii, 2.

LO-ku-kal: 3 , iii, 4.

Lugal-rin-da:

Lh-W-nu-ba: 4, ii, I and 12. LO-mun-nir-ne-aiag: 4, i, 7; iii, I O .

Lh-na-da: 62, i, 6. Lh-nam-gi-tar-ra: 67, i, 4. Lh-ni-nun: 77, ii, I 5 . Lh-rin-da: 72, i, 4. Lh-ieS-da, s. MB-lag-rnu-ni-ni: 98,

ii, I .

LO-temen-da: 25, i, 9.

Mas-si-utu-ni: 96, i, 3. MB-zag-mu-ni-ni, f . Lh-ies-da: 98,

ii, 2. M2r-utu-ki-ram, dam-kar : 33, ii, 5 . Mer-ki-ram: 121, ii, 4. Mi-ba-a: 40, i, 5. Mi-da-ur-u, 121, i, 12.

Mu-kur-ra-gal-ni, f . . . . . . : 107, ii, 2.

Na-ba, f . Lugal-ka-gi-nu: 41, i, 5. Na-ba-nar: I 12, ii, 2.

Nam-bar-uru, urii: 17, ii, 4. Nam-gi:

I . 121, i, IO .

2. pa-rim: 66, i, 2.

Nam-gu: 45, 9. Narn-dun: 62, i, I .

'Narn-la-nu: 15, i, 8. Narn-tar-uru, la-ki-ka-ma-bi : 5, ii,

3; iii, 4; 6, ii, I I ; 109, i, 3; f . Da-da-gu-la: 8, ii, 4.

Narn-tur: 15, i, 3. Na-ne: 40, ii, 3 . Nar-a, s. Sag-nin: 12, i, 7. Na-ra-am-dEn-p: 25, ii, 12 .

Nar-Or-da: I 19, ii, 6. Nar-nar: 39, ii, 3 . Ne: 63, iii, 6. Ne-da: 19, vii, 2. Ne-ni-Ti-ku, b. Zag-mu-de: 86, ii, 3 .

'OBW, 2 7 .

0 BW, 607.

27 G. A. BARTON-BUSINESS AND ADMINISTRATIVE DOCUMENTS

Ner-ghl: 87, i, I .

Ne-sag, s. Ur-dun: 67, ii, 2.

Ne-sag- . . : 19, iii, 8. Ni- . . . ., f . Nin-x': 44, i, 3. Ni-ba-xu-ghl-la-a-an: 29, ii, 3. Nig-gir-na-ku: 4, iv, 7 . Nig-nir-nu-ku: 4, i v , I and 7. Ni-du-eS-te: 98, i, 2 .

Ni-ni: 80, ii, 2.

Nin-am-da: I 5, i, I I .

Nin-egir-a, gime: 17, i, 9. Nin-ex-. .: 43, ii, 9. Nin-ib-mah: 15, ii, 4. Nin-igi-dup-. . : 50, ii, 4. Nin-ur-mu: 3, vii, I .

Nin-bar-ra, w. Lugal-nig-Sam and la-ki-ka-ma-bi: 8, ii, I ; m.. . . .-ga-ni, 8, ii, I I .

Nin-bara-gi: 5, i, 3. Nin-gii: 14, i, 7. Nin-gu-la-Su: 107, ii, 3 . Nin-dIm-mi, gime: I 7, ii, I .

N i w d M u : 76, ii, 3. Nin-dNi- . . . .: 43, ii, IO .

Nin-zag-gi: 109, i, 4. Nin-peS-a: 1 5 , ii, 3. Nin-hi-li: 43, i, 5. Nin-ka-du-a, gime: 17, ii, 2.

Nin-kalam: 42, i, 8. Nin-ki-ininni-e: I I 0, 3. Nin-ku: I 5, ii, IO .

Nin-maS-e- 42, i, 2. Nin-me-dug-ga: 84, ii, 5. Nin-mi-. . . .: 50, 5. N in-mu-k im:

I . 2, 1, 1.

2. 76, ii, 2.

Nin-ne-sag: I 5, ii, I I . Nin-ni: 17, ii, 7.

Nin-ni-. . . . .: 44, i, 6. Nitz-ni-bi: 1 3 , i, 9. Nin-nig-gdl-a-gdl-a: 3, ii, 8. Nin-nig-Tu?-e-gi: 43, ii, 7. Nin-nig-til-gi: 4, i, 2.

Nin-ni-ga: 27, i, I ; 51 , i, 6. Nin-ni-hal-la: 76, iii, 9. Nin-sub-ne: 5, i, 2 .

Nin-sa-a-ba-ni: 43, i, 8. Nin-sukum-ininni-e: 42, i, 3. Nin-pad-ininni-e: 79, v, 2; vi, 2.

Nin-ra-nam-gu: 17, ii, 8. Nin-Ses: 82, ii, 3. Nin-x2, s. Ni- . . . .: 44, i, 3. Nu-da-ba-ra: 12, i, 2.

Nu-dUdu-nim-umun: 83, ii, 3. Nun-du-du, f. . . . . . . . : I , iii, 6. Nun-sa-bar: I , ii, 2.

Nu-sig-mi: 79, ii, 5.

Pa-nar: 3, iii, 3. Par-a-gab-ex?: 2, vi, 3 .

Sag-a-du, f . dEn-lil-lal: 76, iii, I I .

Sag-aiag: 62, i, 5 . Sag-al?-a: 5, i, I .

Sag-8: I . 13-gig-ginar: 5, iii, 7; 6, iii, 2. 2. f. dEn-lil-lal: I 3, ii, 3; 5 I , ii, 8.

Sag-ba-e-124: 76, ii, I .

Sag-ba-lugal-an-ni: 76, ii, 5 . Sag-bar-ra: 62, i, 4. Sag-giS-?-ru-a, 16-ki-ka-ma-bi : 8

Sag-ni?-a: 5, i, I . Sag-nin: 50, i , 2; 62, i, 3; f . Nar-a:

12, i, 7. Sal-a-du: I , ii, I . Si-ru-ka-Su-du: 67, ii, 4.

ii, 5.

'OBW, 607. OBW, 27.


Su-bi-um: 4, iv, 4. Su-rig-a: 28, ii, 3.

Pi-mi: 43, i, IO .

Rim-ne: 59, i, 4. Rug-bi-urn: 4, iv, 4.

Sam-al: 78, ii, I .

Sa-na-ka: 81, ii, 6. Ses-ama-nu: 83, ii, 5. Sex-ku-li: 2, i, 5 ; viii, 3

Sun-ni-ur-sag, pa: I 2 I , ii, 3. Ses-kztr-ra: 84, ii, 7. Ses-sun-ni-ne: 18, iii, 4. Si-nirn: 19, ii, 7. Su-ma-ma: 1 2 1 , ii, I ; 122, ii, I .

Su-na: 43, i, 12.

Tal-la: I . f . LO-e-gal: 18, i, 9. 2. s. LugaZ-ki-gal-la: 96, ii, 3..

Temen-ga-ni: 19, vii, 7 .

XI-sal: 41, i, I .

NAMES OF GODS

d ~ ~ : 91, i, 5. “ENGUR: 5, ii, 4; 6, ii, 6; iii, 3;

dEN-ZU: 77, ii, 4. dEN-KI: 3, iv, 3. dEN-LIL: 4, ii, 7 and 8 and passim. dEN-TI: g, i, 7. dlD: 6, iii, 8. ”IM: 42, i, 5 ; 83, ii, 7. dIM-MI: 17, ii, I and 3 . dININNI: 12, ii, 6, etc. dUDU, 83, ii, 3. dUTU: 9, i, 7; 11, i, 7. US: 5 1 , ii, I .

dGIS?: 1 1 5 , i, 5. dGU-LAL: 14, i, 8; 58, ii, 3. dDAMU: 18, ii, IO ; 96, i, 2 .

dDUMU-ZI: 18, iv, 2 ; 1 0 5 , ii, 2.

iv, 3 ; 7 , iv, I .

d ~ ~ ~ - ~ ~ - E : 50, i, 3 ; I I O , ii, 7. dKA-[DI]: 42, iii, I . dKU-NER-DA: 38, ii, 2.

dLO: 12, i, 5 ; 13, ii, I ; 51 , ii, 7 . dMU: 76, ii, 3. d ~ ~ - ~ ~ - ~ ~ - d ~ ~ - ~ ~ : 25, ii, 12.

d ~ ~ ~ A : 12, i, 1 1 .

dNIN-IB: 58, i, 7 . d ~ ~ ~ - ~ ~ ~ : 77, ii, 5 . d ~ ~ ~ - S ~ H : 3, iv, 2.

d ~ ~ ~ - ~ 2 - ~ ~ : 67, i, 6. d ~ ~ ~ : I , i, I . dSIG-GA: 38, iii, 3. dSE-TER-DIS: 8, i, 6; 32, i, 5 . dSIR: 1 5 , ii, I I .

d S ~ - ~ ~ ~ - ~ ~ ~ : 59, ii, I . dSUR: 12, i, 1 1 .

10BW, 27. 20BW, 576.

G . A . BARTON- BUSINESS A N D ADMINISTRATIVE DOCUMENTS 29

NAMES OF PLACES

UKUGki. . y y ii, 2.

GIS-RU: 2, iv, 6. Lagash, see SIR-PUR-LA. Marad, see AMAR-DA~'. Nippur, see EN-LI Lki. SIK-PUR-LA, 2, i, 5 ; ii, 9.

A-GA-DE~': 122, i, I .

AMAR-UA~': 122, i, 2. EN-LIL~': IO, iii, 12.

Erecb, see URUGk'. E R I M ~ ' : 3, vi$ 4. Umma, see GIs-RU.

N AMES OF MONTI-IS

'"DA-SIG-GAM-KA-TAR-E$: 67 ritUIQIIN-d]ININNI: 90, i, 5 i, 8. %AR-KA: 60, i, 2.

i t u ~ ~ - ~ ~ ~ ~ : 95, ii, 2. i t u S ~ - ~ ~ ~ - ~ ~ ~ : 95, ii, 3. [ i t u l ~ ~ - ~ ~ : bo, i, 4.


Tex t

1

2

3 4 5 6 7 8 ?

10

1 1

12

'3 14

1 5 16 '7 18 I ? 20

21

22

23

24 25 26

27 28

29

30 31

LIST OF TABLETS Plate C . B. S.l Number

1

213 4 5 6 7 8 9 9

I O

I 1

1 1

12

12

'3 14 14 1 5 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20

20

20

21

22

22

16105

6164 6165 6166 6167 6168 6169 6170 6171 6172

10000

6173 6174 6174 61 77

6179

4673 4672 4676 4678

467 5

6178

6180 6182

6183

6184 6185 6186 6187 4677 4684

z .e . , Catalogue of the Babylonian Section of t h e University Museum, T h e size of the tablets is given in inches, in t h e order length (height), width, thickness.

When the table t varies in size t he largest measurement is given.

Text

32 33 34 35

37

39 40 41 42 43 44 45

47

49 50 5 1

52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62

36

38

46

48

63 64 65

67

69

66

68

70 71

31 G. A. BARTON-BUSINESS AND ADMINISTRATIVE DOCUMENTS

Plate

22

23 23 23 24 24 25

25 26 26 27 28 29 29 29 30 30 30 31 31 32 32 32 32 33 34 34 35 35 35 35

37 37

36

38 38 39 39 40 40

C. B. S. Number

4702 6190 6191 6192 6188 6189 6193 6194 6195

6197 6199 6200 6202 6203 6204 6205 6206 6207 6208 6209 621 I 6212 6213 6214 621 5 6216 6217 6218 6219 6220 622 I 6222 6223 6224 6225 4701

6196

4699 4688 f4692 4687

32

T e x t

72 73 74 75

77

79 80 81 82

76

78

83 84 85

87

89

86

88

90 91 92 93 94 95

97

99

96

98

100

IO1

I02

'03 104

105 I 06 107 I 08 I 09 I 1 0

1 1 1

UNIVERSITY MUSEUM-BABYLONIAN SECTION

Plate

41 41 4.2 42 43 44 44 45 46 46

48 48

47

49 49 50

5 1

52

52

52

52

53 53 53 53 54 54 54 5 5 5 5 5 5 56 56 56 56 57 57 57 57 58

C. B. S. Numbei

6226 6227 6228 6229 6230 623 1

6232 6233 6234 623 5 6236 6237 6238 6239 6240 6241 6242 6243 6244 6245

6247

6249

6246

6248

6250 625 1

6252 6253 6254 62-55 6256 6257 6258 6259 6260 626 I 6262 6263 6264 6265

3 3 G . A. BARTON-BUSINESS AND ADMINISTRATIVE DOCUMENTS

Plate C. B. S. Number

58 6266 58 6267 59 6268 59 6269 60 4690 60 4698 60 4694 60 4674 61 4685 61 4686 62 468 I 62 469 5 63 4689 63 4697 63 4693 63 4683 64 62 70 64 627 I 64 6272 64 6273 64 6274

AUTOGRAPH PLATES

BABYL. PUB. UNIV. MUSEUM VOL. I X

1

PLATE I

BABYL. PUB. UNIV. MUSEUM VOL. I X PLATE I !

2 OBVERSE

COL. 1 COL. 2 COI. 3 C O I . 4 C O I . 5 COL. 6 cot 7

EDGE


COL. 8 COL. 9

PLATE I l l

2 REVERSE

BABYL. PUB. UNIV. MUSEUM VOL. IX PLATE I V

3

COL. 1 cot. 2 COL. 3 C O L . 4 COL. 5

cot. 7

/ --. COL. 6

BABYL. PUB. UNIV. MUSEUM VOL. IX

C O L . I 4 COL. 2

cot. 4 C O L . 3

PLATE V

BABYL. PUB IJNIV. MUSE!JM VOI.. IX

COL. 1 I'.

COL. 4 C O L . 3


C O L . 1 6 C O L . 2 /--J

COL. 4 COL. 3

PLATE VI1


COL. 1 7 cor. 2

cor. 4 A Cor. 3 I-

PLATE V l l l


O B V E R S E

PLATE IX

8 R E.V E R S E

O B V E R S E 9 R E V E R S E

BABYL. PUB. UNIV. MUSEUM VOL. IX PLATE X,

C O L . 3 C O L . 4


OBVERSE 1 1

PLATE XI

REVERSE

OBVERSE 12 REVERSE

BABYL. PUB. UNIV. MUSEUM VOL. IX PLATE XI1

OBVERSE 13 REV E RS E

REVERSE OBVERSE 14


COL. 1

15

COL. 2 c o r . 3

COL. 6 COL. 5 COL. 4

PLATE X l l l

BABYL. PUB. UNIV. MUSEUM VOL. I X PLATE X I V

16

C O L . 1 cot. 2 COL. 3 C O L . 4

R E V E R S E 17 O B V E R S E

0 ERASURE

BABYL. PUB. UNIV. MUSEUM VOL. IX PLATE X V

- .-

CCL. 4 C O L . 3

PLATE XV I BABYL. PUB. UNIV. MUSEUM VOL. IX


OBVERSE 20

PLATE X V l l

REVERSE

I I

21 REVERSE OBVERSE


22

PLATE X V l l l

REVERSE OBVERSE

OBVERSE 23 REVERSE

PDDD DDDD o O 0 0 d

BABYL. PUB. UNIV. MUSEUM VOL. IX PLATE XIX

OBVERSE

OBVERSE

D ~ D D D D

24

25

REVERSE

REVERSE


- -

PLATE X X

LJV I

COL. 1 COL. 2

27

26 COL. 3 cor . 4

28

n


C O L . 1

PLATE X X I

29 COL. 2

COL. 4 COL 3


30

COl. 2 COL. 1

PLATE XXll

31 h-

COL. 4 COL. 3 32


33

PLATE XXl l l

d

34 35


OBVERSE 37 REVERSE

i

PLATE X X l V


C O L . 1 cot. 2

h cot . 1 COL. 2 COL. 3

3 8

39

C O L . 4

PLATE X X V

COL. 3

C o b . 6 C O L . 5 C O L . 4


40

PLATE XXVl

REVERSE OBVERSE

OBVERSE 4 1 REVERSE

BABYL.r.PUB. UNIV. MUSEUM VOL. IX

42 COL. 1 Cor. 2

cor. 4 cor. 3

PLATE X X V l l


43 cot. 2 ncot. ’

PLATE X X V l l l

co t . 3 COL. 4

BhBYL. PUB. UNIV. MUSEUM VOL. IX

44

PLATE XXlX

45

BABYL. PUB. UNIV. MUSEUM VOL. IX PLATE XXX

OBVERSE

48

C O L . 1 cot . 2 cot. 3

47 REVERSE

49

BABYL. PUB. UNIV. MUSEUM VOL. IX PLATE XXXl

OBVERSE 50 REVERSE

OBVERSE 51 REVERSE

BABYL. PUB. UNIV. MUSEUM VOL. IX PLATE XXXll

OBVERSE

OBVERSE

52

53

REVERSE

REVERSE

n

54 55


COL. 3

56

cot. 2 C O L ,

PLATE XXXlll


OBVERSE

n 57

PLATE X X X l V

REVERSE

58

COL. 3 cot . 2 cor. 1

BABYL. PUB. UNIV. MUSEUM VOL. IX PLATE X X X V

OBVERSE

60

59

0 B V E R S E 62

REVERSE

61

REVERSE

BABYL. PUB. UNIV. MUSEUM VOL. I X PLATE X X X V l

C O L . 1 63 Cot. 2

C O L 4 COL 3

BABYL. PUB. UNIV. MUSEUM:VOL. I X PLATE :XXXVl I

COL. 1 cot. 2

OBVERSE

64

65

REVERSE

REVERSE

BABYL. PUB. UNIV. MUSEUM VOL. I X PLATE X X X V l I I

OBVERSE

OBVERSE

A

66

67

REVERSE

REVERSE

I I

BABYL.? PUB. UNIV. MUSEUM VOL. IX PLATE XXXlX

OBVERSE 68 REVERSE

69


OBVERSE

C O L . 1 COL. 2

I /

70

PLATE XL

REVERSE

r

71 COL. 4 Cor 3


OBVERSE

rw C O L . 1 COL. 2 cor 3

72

73

PLATE X L I

REVERSE

cor. 6 cor. 5 COL. 4


OBVERSE 74

PLATE X L l l ]

REVERSE

C O L . I 75 car. 2


C O L . 1 76 COL. 2

PLATE XLI I I

C O L . 3 C O L . 4


77

C O L . 1 cot. 2 C O L . 3

OBVERSE 78

PLATE XL lV

REVERSE

n

BABYL. PUB. UNIV. MUSEUM VOL. IX PLATE XLV

C O L . 1

79

cor. 2 C O L . 3

COL. 6 cot. 5 COL. 4

BABYL.P:PUB. UNIV. MUSEUM VOL. IX PLATE' XLVl

80

C O L . 3 C O L . 1

81


8 2

C O L . 1 cot. 2 C O L . 3

PLATE XLVl l

COL. 4 COL. 6 COL. 5


83

COL. 1 cot. 2 COL. 3

C O L . 1 cot. 2 84

PLATE XLV l l l

COL. 4 COL. 3

BABYL. PUB. UNIV. MUSEUM VOL. IX PLATE X L l X

85 C O L . 1 cot. 2

OBVERSE 86

I I

Cor. 4 COL. 3

REVERSE

I I

BABYL. PUB. UNIV. MUSEUM VOL. IX PLATE L

C O L . 1 87 COL. 2

COL. 4 C O L . 3

/-----7

BABYL. PUB. UNIV. MUSEUM VOL. IX PLATE L I I

89

OBVERSE

OBVERSE

91

90

REVERSE

92 REVERSE


93

PLATE LII I

94

OBVERSE

OBVERSE

95 REVERSE

96 REVERSE

BABYL. PUB. UNIV. MUSEUM VOL. I X PLATE LIV

OBVERSE

n

0 B V E R S E

m\

OBVERSE

97

98

99

REVERSE

REVERSE

REVERSE

BABYL. PUB. UNIV. MUSEUM VOL. I X PLATE LV

OBVERSE

100

REVERSE

OBVERSE 10 1

w

OBVERSE 102

REVERSE

REVERSE

BABYL. PUB. UNIV. MUSEUM VOL. IX PLATE LVI

OBVERSE

OBVERSE

n

105 COL. 2 COL. 1

103

104

REVERS E

REVERSE

2 06

BABYL. PUB. UNIV. MUSEUM VOL. IX PLATE L V l l

107 OBVERSE

0 B V E R S E

r-.. 109

108

REVERSE -

REVERSE

1 1 0

BABYL. PUB. UNIV. MUSEUM VOL. IX PLATE L V l l l

COL. 1 C O l . 2

OBVERSE 112

OBVERSE - 113

111 C O L . 3

REVERSE


114

PLATE L I X

OBVERSE

n 115 REVERSE


116

OBVERSE 119

PLATE LX

117

1 1 8

REVERSE

BABYL. PUB. UNIV. MUSEUM VOL. IX PLATE LXI

OBVERSE

OBVERSE

120

121

REVERSE

REVERSE

BABYL. PUB. UNIV. MUSEUM VOL. IX PLATE L X l l

O B V E R S E 122 R E V E R S €

CASE

OBVERSE 123 REVERSE


124

OBVERSE

OBVERSE

126

127

PLATE L X l l l

125

REVERSE

REVERSE

BABYL. PUB. UNIV. MUSEUM VOL. IX PLATE LXlV

128 OBVERSE 129 REVERSE

130 REVERSE OBVERSE

131

132

BABYL. PUB. U N I V . M U S E U M . VOL. I X PLATE L X V l l l 3

O B V E R S E

R E V E R S E

P U R C H A S E O F A H O U S E , G A R D E N , SLAVES - ETC.

BABYL. PUB. U N I V . M U S E U M . VGL. I X PLATE LXlX 4

O B V E R S E

R E V E R S E

PURCHASE O F THE LABOR OF S L A V E S

B A B Y L . P U B . UI.IIV. M U S E U M . VOL. I X 17

PLATE LXX

O B V E R S E

R E V E RSE

R E C E I P T FOR M O N E Y A N D S L A \ / E S

PLATE LXXI BABYL . P U B . U N I V . M U S E U M . VOL. I X 19

O B V E R S E

R E V E R S E

R E C O R D O F C R O P S F R O M V A R I O U S F I E L D S

SAB' IL . PUS. U N I V . M U S E U M . VOL. I X

23

PLATE LXXII

O B V E R S E

REVERSE

Q U A N T I T I E S OF F I S H , G R A I N A N D D A T E S

B A B Y L . PUB. U N I V . M U S E U M . V O L . I X PLATE LXXl l l 3 3

O B V E R S E

RECORD O F A P A Y M E N T BY A MERCHANT

45

OBVERSE

P U R C H A S E O F A H O U S E A N D G A R D E N

B A S Y L . P U B , U N I V . M U S E U M . VOL. I X

64

P L A T E LXXlV

J B V E R S E

A V E R Y O L D LIST

106

R E V E R S E

O B V E R S E

A LABEL

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