Paraphrasing

Prof. Jackeline Martinez RodriguezSummary Chapter 1: Responding to Writing and SummarizingUniversidad del TuraboDecanato de Educacion GeneralEnglish DepartmentResponding to WritingResponding to WritingThree Characteristics of a ResponseTechniques for thinking about a Response.Practice Exercise: Read the three examples found on page 15-16.

Complete the NOW YOU TRY section of each exercise.

Response FormatIntroducing your ResponseIn your introduction include:

The name of the author and the title of the article.

A paraphrase of the specific point from the article that you plan to discuss. You may also want to include a quote of the idea you are discussing.

Introducing your ResponseFormat 1: Including the Quote, Then paraphrasing it

In (name of article), (name of author) writes (quote of a sentence(s) you plan to explain). In other words(paraphrase of this idea).Example: In The Case for Torture, Michael Levin writes, There are situations in which torture is not merely permissible but morally mandatory. In other words, he says that torturing people is sometimes acceptable and even necessary.

Introducing your ResponseFormat 2: Paraphrasing Only

One interesting idea from (name of article) by (name of author) is (paraphrase of the idea you plan to discuss).Example: One interesting idea from The Case for Torture, Michael Levin is that torturing people is sometimes acceptable and even necessary. Explaining Your Response to the IdeaOnce you have identified the specific idea you plan to discuss and provided an explanation of what this means to you in your own words (a paraphrase), you can begin to discuss your reaction to this idea using one of the approaches suggested in Characteristics of a Response (PAGE 14).

PERSONAL EXPERIENCE

APPLICATION

AGREE/DISAGREESummarizingFour Criteria for a Good SummaryOne Sentence SummaryA one sentence summary includes only the authors thesis, plus the name of the author, the year the article was written, and the title of the article.

Example:In Copying with Procrastination, Moore, Baker, and Packer (1997) discuss the fundamental reasons why people put off doing things and how to overcome these issues (Moore, Baker, & Packer, 1997).

Full SummaryA full summary includes the authors thesis, plus the name of the author, the year the article was written, the title of the article, the authors thesis, and the main ideas that support it.

Example:Look at the example of a full summary (page 22).

Two Techniques for Identifying Main Ideas for a SummaryOne of the challenges of summarizing is that we must choose which information to include, keeping in mind the principles of being complete and objective.

You can choose one of the three techniques that follow to help you identify main ideas in an article.Technique # 1: Underlining Key IdeasTechnique # 2: Dividing and DescribingTechnique # 3: Summary GridExample of Summary GridParagraph(s)Main IdeasSome Supporting Details1Bottled water may not be any safer than tap water.2-3Bottled water manufactures dont have to disclose the source of their water.Yosemite brand comes from a Los Angeles suburb.Everest brand comes from Texas.4The EPA requires fewer contamination tests for bottled water than city water.The FDA only tests once a year, or if there is a complaint.5Plastic bottles are a source of water contamination also.Bacteria develop in bottles.Chemicals leach from plastic material.