Summary of Andrew Jackson’s

Administration(1829-1837)

Jackson Biography

• Birth– SC or NC?

• Young Adult– Law School in Salisbury, NC

• Manhood– Rachel

Election of 1824: Corrupt Bargain• Jackson wins popular vote

but not electoral—goes to House of Reps

• Henry Clay decides – “corrupt bargain” – Adams

promises Clay Secty. Of State job

– Adams is elected

Old Hickory Gets Revenge: 1828 Election

• Change in voting requirements: more common folk

• Jackson runs Democratic-Republican (not Jefferson’s party)– Today’s Democrats– Appeals to common man • Parades, rallies, symbol “Old Hickory”, free liquor

Tariff of Abominations—Nullification Crisis: problem

• SC doesn’t want to pay the tariff – Why? – Most manufactured goods are imported– Tax unfair to Southerners

• South threatens to nullify the tariff— Calhoun writes “South Carolina Exposition” – Calhoun claims right to secede (withdraw) from

Union

Based on Jackson’s quote, what is his position?

• Jackson says SC must pay tariff • Calhoun resigns

Tariff of Abominations/Nullification Crisis

Resolution

• SC rebels and threatens to secede – Force Bill—Jackson threatens to use

Army • Henry Clay comes up with Compromise– Lowers tariff gradually over 10 years

The Bank War: Problem

• Should Jackson renew the charter on the National Bank before it expires?

• “The bank is trying to kill me, but I will kill it.”

– He kills the bank by refusing to renew the charter.– He actually takes the money out early.

The Bank War Resolution

• Puts money in state banks owned by friends— “Pet Banks”

• Pet Banks get the $• Overprint currency• Specie Circular issued by AJ

says gov’t will only accept gold.

• Longterm Issues = • Panic of 1837

– People rush banks to get gold– Banks close– Unemployment increases – Under Martin Van Buren =

Martin “Van Ruin”

Indian problem: Problem

• White settlers want Native Americans’ land in Southeast US

• Cherokee tribe resists / “Americanizes”

Jackson’s Position Resolution• Indian Removal Act (1830)

—force Natives West to Oklahoma

• Cherokee appeal to Supreme Court—Worcester v. GeorgiaMarshall backs them

• Jackson ignores the

Supreme Court

• Natives forced West on Trail of Tears– 800 miles mostly on foot– Oversaw by army– ¼ die

Long Term Issues