summer institutejuly 7-8, 2015 | tulsa, ok vocabulary: a critical key to academic success t hings...
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SUMMER INSTITUTE JULY 7-8, 2015 | TULSA, OK
Vocabulary: A Critical Key to
Academic SuccessThings have changed.
SUMMER INSTITUTE JULY 7-8, 2015 | TULSA, OK
Goals for Session Participants
1. To identify Tier 1, Tier 2, and Tier 3 vocabulary words in any text.
2. To summarize the recommended procedure for introducing new vocabulary.
3. To identify strategies for answering CCSS test questions in which words are used in non-traditional ways.
4. To plan and implement practice and reinforcement of words that appear frequently in the Common Core.
5. To evaluate online vocabulary activities in terms of best-practice research.
6. To implement engaging activities that promote “word consciousness.”
SUMMER INSTITUTE JULY 7-8, 2015 | TULSA, OK
Isabel Beck’s Word Categories
Tier 1: Basic words that rarely require instructional focus (door, house, book)Tier 2: Words that appear with high frequency, across a variety of domains, and are crucial when using mature, academic language (coincidence, reluctant, analysis)Tier 3: Words that have a low frequency, often limited to specific fields of study (isotope, Reconstruction, Buddhism)
SUMMER INSTITUTE JULY 7-8, 2015 | TULSA, OK
Which tier does research show to be the most important focus for the classroom teacher?
Tier I
Tier 2
Tier 3
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RECOGNIZING TIER 2 WORDS
Difference between Tier 1 & Tier 2 WordsTier 1 Tier 2 talk describe, persuade, articulate,
argue, assert, negotiate, etc.
Tier 2 Compound Words and Phrasestalk shop, talk sense, talk over, pep talk, talk in circles, talk a mile a minute, talk of the town, talk your way out of it, talk back, sweet talk
SUMMER INSTITUTE JULY 7-8, 2015 | TULSA, OK
On the average, how many exposures/ applications does it take until a person has a deep understanding of a word?
5 8 12 15 20
(Beck & McKeown,
2003)
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How do we choose words to teach?
“There is no such thing as a convenient list of words to teach. Instead, the vast majority of words to be taught are the ones teachers identify in the texts students are reading.”
--Michael Graves, 2000
SUMMER INSTITUTE JULY 7-8, 2015 | TULSA, OK
What does work?
--Michael Graves, IRA, The Vocabulary Book, 2006
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What doesn’t work?Students may do well if tested soon after words are assigned, but there is little or no long-term retention.
•Assign•Define•Test
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Leading experts’ strategies for teaching new vocabulary differ slightly, but all focus on student engagement along with varied and repeated exposures to words.
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PROCEDURE FOR TEACHING NEW
VOCABULARY
1.Teacher says the word; students repeat the word.2.Teacher points out and reads the word in context.3.Teacher provides the definition, making it
student-friendly.4.Teacher highlights something useful, e.g., root,
prefix, etc. 5.Students engage in activities to develop
word/concept knowledge (ping-pong, finish sentence starters, etc.).*
6.Keep words alive!
*Step 5 is most important to accelerate acquisition and retention, but teachers don’t often set aside time for it.
SUMMER INSTITUTE JULY 7-8, 2015 | TULSA, OK
Visuals aid vocabulary acquisition and retention. Use word wall posters with
images.
taunt
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PREPARE SLIDES WITH VISUALS AND EMBEDDED STUDENT
ENGAGEMENT
startledMEANING:
surprised
can be a verb or an adjective, as in the startled child, but
is used as a verb here
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startledWhen the cat sneaked up on Victoria when she was carrying the dishes to the sink, it startled her so much that she dropped the plates and silverware.
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This baby was startled by someone blowing his nose.
The video went viral on the Internet.
SUMMER INSTITUTE JULY 7-8, 2015 | TULSA, OK
What could startle you?
Turn to a partner and ping-pong sentences starting with,
“I could be startled by . . . “
SUMMER INSTITUTE JULY 7-8, 2015 | TULSA, OK
Use wall space to support word play.
ACRONYMS COGNATES POLYEMOUSWORDS
ASAP
FYI
WASP
FAQ
LASER
AIDS
URL
QWERTY
evaluate/evaluar
inferences/
inferencias
process/proceso
experiment/
experimento
hypothesis/
hipotesis
patience/paciencia
BUT BEWARE!
FALSE COGNATES
exit/exito (success)
success/suceso
(event)
right
cell
radical
leg
round
power
article
character
table
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POLYSEMOUS WORDS
Words with two or more meaningsExample:
mouse
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Teach strategies that foster
independence.
polysemousThe prefix poly means
_______________+
sem is in the wordsemantics, the study
of meaning
Morphemic Analysis: Meanings of words can be unraveled by
examining their components
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Teach strategies that foster
independence.
Although table was one of the first words Ana learned in English, she was confused when they said they would table a suggestion until the next Student Council meeting, and realized that it must be a polysemous word.
Contextual Analysis:
Readers infer or predict a
word from the context in
whch it appears.
SUMMER INSTITUTE JULY 7-8, 2015 | TULSA, OK
Teach strategies that foster
independence.
This kind of sentence includes enough details to prove beyond a doubt that the
writer understands the meaning of a
word.
Create a meaningful sentence.
SUMMER INSTITUTE JULY 7-8, 2015 | TULSA, OK
Be playful!
• Add visuals• Host periodic
challenges, contests, or games
• Offer bonuses• Acknowledge word
usage• Add music/movement• Be creative--Declare
“Days,” wear badges, bestow titles, etc.
Keep
words
alive over
time
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Vocabulary and the
SUMMER INSTITUTE JULY 7-8, 2015 | TULSA, OK
“QUICK WIN” FOR
COMMON CORE
SUCCESS
Focus on
applications
of one
essential
Common Core
Tier II word
across all
subject areas
every two or
three weeks.
SUMMER INSTITUTE JULY 7-8, 2015 | TULSA, OK
Vocabulary, Parcc, and Other
CCSS-aligned TestsTwo skills are being assessed:1)Inferring the meaning of a
word based upon context;2)Identifying the specific
textual evidence used in the passage that gave rise to the meaning of the term.
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Example:What does the word iteration mean in the text?a) assignmentb) reportc) reasond) mistake
The draft of “An Alarm in the Offing on Climate Change” is the latest iteration of a major series of reports requested by Congress on the effects of climate change in the United States.
SUMMER INSTITUTE JULY 7-8, 2015 | TULSA, OK
A DIFFERENT WAY OF THINKING ABOUT
WORDS
DICTIONARY DEFINITION: iteration: the act of repeating; repetition
The PARCC (and other CCSS-aligned tests) do not necessarily care for the dictionary definition
of terms; instead, the test is designed to
assess students’ ability to THINK!
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Test-taking Strategy1. Read the sentence in the passage
while inserting each choice for iteration.
2. Use the process of elimination to mentally “cross out” answers that do not fit.
The draft . . . is the latest iteration of a major series of reports requested by Congress . . . a. assignment c. reasonb. report d. mistake
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Part B—The answer hinges entirely on getting the right
answer to Part A.Which words from the text
best help the reader understand the meaning of iteration?
a.The draft . . . is the latestb.requested by Congressc. climate changed.public comment
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Given the PARCC example, why even teach definitions?
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Your feedback is welcome!
Contact Information:
Ruthie Dines, Talent Development Secondary
Instructional Facilitator