summer paper 2 core

This document consists of 14 printed pages and 2 blank pages.

SP (SLM/CGW) T41975/6© UCLES 2008 [Turn over

UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE INTERNATIONAL EXAMINATIONSInternational General Certificate of Secondary Education

READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST

Write your Centre number, candidate number and name on all the work you hand in.Write in dark blue or black pen.You may use a soft pencil for any diagrams, graphs or rough working.Do not use staples, paper clips, highlighters, glue or correction fluid.DO NOT WRITE IN ANY BARCODES.

Answer all questions.You may lose marks if you do not show your working or if you do not useappropriate units.Take the weight of 1 kg to be 10 N (i.e. acceleration of free fall = 10 m/s2).

At the end of the examination, fasten all your work securely together.The number of marks is given in brackets [ ] at the end of each question or part question.

*3498617057*

PHYSICS 0625/02

Paper 2 Core May/June 2008

1 hour 15 minutes

Candidates answer on the Question Paper.

No Additional Materials are required.

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1 (a) Fig. 1.1 shows a uniform rod.

Fig. 1.1

(i) Use your rule to find the length of the rod.

length = ...........................................cm [1]

(ii) On Fig. 1.1, show the position of the centre of mass of the rod using the letter C. [1]

(b) Fig. 1.2 shows another rod, of the same length as the previous one, but this rod is thicker at one end.

Fig. 1.2

Use your judgement to mark with the letter M approximately where the centre of mass of this rod will be.

[2]

[Total: 4]

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2 A motorcyclist is travelling along a country road, as shown in Fig. 2.1.

1375 m

A

B

Fig. 2.1

The statements below describe the motion of the motorcycle from point A to point B.

1. The motorcycle accelerates uniformly from rest at point A, increasing its speed to 25 m/s in 10 s.

2. It then travels at a constant speed of 25 m/s for 40 s. 3. It then decelerates uniformly to rest at point B, 70 s after leaving point A.

00

time/s

5

10

15

20

25speed

m/s

30

35

Fig. 2.2

(a) For the motorcycle moving from point A to point B, draw on Fig. 2.2,

(i) a suitable time scale, [1]

(ii) the graph of the motion of the motorcycle. [5]

(b) The distance from A to B is 1375 m.

Calculate the average speed of the motorcycle between A and B. Give your answer to the nearest m/s.

average speed = ..........................................m/s [4]

[Total: 10]

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3 A beam is pivoted at its centre. Three forces, F1, F2 and F3, act on the beam as shown in Fig. 3.1.

a

cb

F1 F2 F3

Fig. 3.1

(a) Which of the forces exert(s)

a clockwise moment, ...................

an anticlockwise moment? ................... [3]

(b) When the beam is released, the right-hand side of the beam starts to go down. Which of the three distances, a, b or c, should be decreased in order to balance the

beam? Explain your answer.

Which distance? ..............................................................................................................

Explanation

..........................................................................................................................................

..........................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................... [3]

(c) Fig. 3.2 represents a simple beam-balance with the pivot accurately at its centre.

?Fig. 3.2

The person using the beam-balance puts the object to be weighed in the left-hand pan. He has a selection of standard masses to put in the right-hand pan, but he finds he cannot exactly balance the beam.

His best attempts are

masses used effect

10 g, 10 g, 5 g, 2 g, 2 g beam tips down slightly on the left-hand side

20 g, 10 g beam tips down slightly on the right-hand side

Estimate the mass of the object. mass = ............................................. g [1]

[Total: 7]

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Fig. 4.1

(a) An electrician climbs up to the platform of a special tower, in order to reach a high-level spotlight, as shown in Fig. 4.1.

Which form of energy, possessed by the electrician’s body,

(i) is greater at the top of the tower than it was at the bottom,

..................................................... [1]

(ii) is less at the top of the tower than it was at the bottom?

..................................................... [1]

(b) One of the electrician’s assistants also climbs up to the platform. The assistant weighs less than the electrician.

Which of the two people does the most work climbing up to the platform, and why?

Which person? ........................................

Why? .......................................................

.................................................................

.................................................................

............................................................. [1]

(c) The electrician wishes to know what power he develops as he climbs the tower.

Which quantities does he need to know in order to do this?

..........................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................... [1]

[Total: 4]

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5 In the atomic model, the atom has a central mass. Much smaller particles orbit this central mass, as shown in Fig. 5.1.

centralmass

orbitingparticles

Fig. 5.1

(a) State the name given to the central mass.

...................................................................................................................................... [1]

(b) State the name given to the orbiting particles.

...................................................................................................................................... [1]

(c) State the names of the particles from which the central mass is made.

........................................................... and .................................................................... [2]

(d) The central mass of the helium atom is identical to one of the particles emitted in radioactive decay.

Which particle is this? ................................................................................................... [1]

(e) State the name of the particles that form cathode rays.

...................................................................................................................................... [1]

[Total: 6]

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6 Fig. 6.1 and Fig. 6.2 show two of the rays from the top of an object, passing through a lens.

F2object F1

Fig. 6.1

F2object F1

Fig. 6.2

(a) On Fig. 6.1, draw the third ray whose path from the top of the object through the lens is known. [1]

(b) On Fig. 6.2,

(i) copy the ray shown on Fig. 6.1 and complete the diagram to locate the image formed by the lens, [1]

(ii) mark and label the image. [2]

(c) On Fig. 6.2, indicate clearly where you would position a screen on which to see the focused image. [1]

[Total: 5]

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7 (a) The table below describes the conditions of the molecules of a substance in each of the three states of matter, solid, liquid and gas.

In the right-hand column, write the state of the substance that is described in the left-hand column.

condition of the molecules state in which the substance exists

The molecules are a great distance apart, moving very rapidly, with negligible interaction. The substance occupies all the space available.

The molecules are only able to vibrate rapidly about fixed positions. The substance does not need a container to maintain its shape.

The molecules move about amongst each other, with attractive forces between them. The substance does not necessarily fill its container.

[2]

(b) (i) What is the state of matter just before a substance boils?

.............................................................................................................................. [1]

(ii) Describe what happens to the molecules during boiling.

..................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................. [2]

(iii) State two differences between boiling and evaporating.

1. ..............................................................................................................................

2. .......................................................................................................................... [2]

(c) (i) What is the state of matter just before a substance melts?

.............................................................................................................................. [1]

(ii) Aluminium melts at 660 °C. At what temperature does it freeze?

.............................................................................................................................. [1]

[Total: 9]

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8 (a) The thermometer in Fig. 8.1 is calibrated at two fixed points, and the space between these is divided into equal divisions.

0-10 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110

Fig. 8.1

A thermometer is being calibrated with the Celsius scale.

(i) 1. Write down another name for the lower fixed point.

.............................................................................................................................. [1]

2. How is this temperature achieved?

..................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................. [2]

3. What is the temperature of this fixed point? ................................................... [1]

(ii) 1. Write down another name for the upper fixed point.

.............................................................................................................................. [1]

2. How is this temperature achieved?

..................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................. [2]

3. What is the temperature of this fixed point? ................................................... [2]

(b) A block of copper and a block of aluminium have identical masses. They both start at room temperature and are given equal quantities of heat. When the heating is stopped, the aluminium has a lower temperature than the copper.

Fill in the missing words in the sentence below, to explain this temperature difference.

The aluminium block has a smaller temperature rise than the copper block because the

aluminium block has a larger ................................................ than the copper block. [1]

[Total: 10]

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9 Fuses are often included in circuits.

(a) In the space below, draw the circuit symbol for a fuse.

[1]

(b) When the statements in the boxes below are put in the correct order, they describe how a fuse protects a circuit.

Afuse wire heats up

Bcircuit is broken,so current stops

Cfuse wire melts

Dcurrent becomestoo high

On the line below, list the letters of the four boxes in the correct order.

...................................................................................................................................... [2]

(c) By mistake, a fuse with too high a rated value is put in the fuse-holder in a circuit.

State two possible outcomes of this mistake.

1. .....................................................................................................................................

2. ................................................................................................................................. [2]

[Total: 5]

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10 Fig. 10.1 shows a series circuit.

R1X Y

R2

Fig. 10.1

Resistance R1 = 25 Ω and resistance R2 = 35 Ω. The cell has zero resistance.

(a) Calculate the combined resistance of R1 and R2.

resistance = ........................................... Ω [2]

(b) On Fig. 10.1, use the correct circuit symbol to draw a voltmeter connected to measure the potential difference between X and Y. [1]

(c) The variable resistor is set to zero resistance. The voltmeter reads 1.5 V.

(i) Calculate the current in the circuit.

current = .................................................. [4]

(ii) State the value of the potential difference across the cell.

potential difference = ............................................V [1]

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(d) The resistance of the variable resistor is increased.

(i) What happens to the current in the circuit? Tick one box.

increases

stays the same

decreases [1]

(ii) What happens to the voltmeter reading? Tick one box.

increases

stays the same

decreases [1]

(iii) State the resistance of the variable resistor when the voltmeter reads 0.75 V.

resistance = ............................................Ω [1]

[Total: 11]

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11 (a) An experimenter uses a length of wire ABC in an attempt to demonstrate electromagnetic induction. The wire is connected to a sensitive millivoltmeter G.

A

B

C

G

N S

Fig. 11.1

Using the arrangement in Fig. 11.1, the experimenter finds that she does not obtain the expected deflection on G when she moves the wire ABC down through the magnetic field.

(i) Explain why there is no deflection shown on G.

..................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................. [2]

(ii) What change should be made in order to observe a deflection on G?

..................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................. [1]

(b) Name one device that makes use of electromagnetic induction.

...................................................................................................................................... [1]

[Total: 4]

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12 (a) The table below shows how the activity of a sample of a radioactive substance changes with time.

time/minutes activitycounts/s

0 128

30 58

60 25

90 11

120 5

Use the data in the table to estimate the half-life of the radioactive substance.

half-life = .........................................min [2]

(b) The half-lives of various substances are given below.

radon-220 55 secondsiodine-128 25 minutesradon-222 3.8 daysstrontium-90 28 years

(i) If the radioactive substance in (a) is one of these four, which one is it?

.............................................................................................................................. [1]

(ii) A sample of each of these substances is obtained.

Which sample will have the greatest proportion of decayed nuclei by the end of one year, and why?

Which? .....................................................................................................................

Why? ........................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................. [2]

[Total: 5]

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Permission to reproduce items where third-party owned material protected by copyright is included has been sought and cleared where possible. Every reasonable effort has been made by the publisher (UCLES) to trace copyright holders, but if any items requiring clearance have unwittingly been included, the publisher will be pleased to make amends at the earliest possible opportunity.

University of Cambridge International Examinations is part of the Cambridge Assessment Group. Cambridge Assessment is the brand name of University of Cambridge Local Examinations Syndicate (UCLES), which is itself a department of the University of Cambridge.


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This document consists of 19 printed pages and 1 blank page.

SPA (MML 13116 3/06) T25803/4© UCLES 2007 [Turn over

UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE INTERNATIONAL EXAMINATIONSInternational General Certificate of Secondary Education


Write your Centre number, candidate number and name on all the work you hand in.Write in dark blue or black pen.You may use a soft pencil for any diagrams, graphs or rough working.Do not use staples, paper clips, highlighters, glue or correction fluid.DO NOT WRITE IN ANY BARCODES.

Answer all questions.You may lose marks if you do not show your working or if you do not useappropriate units.Take the weight of 1 kg to be 10 N (i.e. acceleration of free fall = 10 m/s2).

At the end of the examination, fasten all your work securely together.The number of marks is given in brackets [ ] at the end of each question or part question.

*8187295232*

PHYSICS 0625/02

Paper 2 Core May/June 2007

1 hour 15 minutes

Candidates answer on the Question Paper.

No Additional Materials are required.

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1 The mechanical stop-clock shown in Fig. 1.1 has

a seconds hand, which rotates once every minute and a minutes hand, which rotates once every hour.

605

10

15

20

2530

35

40

45

50

55

start reset stop

minutes hand

seconds hand

Fig. 1.1

(a) A student uses the clock to time the intervals between trains travelling along the railway past his school.

He sets the clock to zero (both hands vertical).

As train 1 passes, he starts the clock and leaves it running.

After 35 s, train 2 passes.

On the blank face of Fig. 1.2, show the positions of the two hands of the clock as train 2 passes. Make sure it is clear which hand is which. [2]

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(b) Train 3 passes the school 4 minutes and 55 s after the clock was started.

On the blank face of Fig. 1.3, show the positions of the hands of the clock as train 3 passes. [2]

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15

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2530

35

40

45

50

55

Fig. 1.3

(c) Calculate the time interval between train 2 and train 3.

time interval = ............... min ............... s [1]

[Total: 5]

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2 In a training session, a racing cyclist’s journey is in three stages.

Stage 1 He accelerates uniformly from rest to 12 m/s in 20 s.

Stage 2 He cycles at 12 m/s for a distance of 4800 m.

Stage 3 He decelerates uniformly to rest.

The whole journey takes 500 s.

(a) Calculate the time taken for stage 2.

time = ............... s [2]

(b) On the grid of Fig. 2.1, draw a speed/time graph of the cyclist’s ride. [3]

14

12

10

8

6

4

2

00 100 200 300 400 500

speed /m / s

time / s

Fig. 2.1

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(c) Show that the total distance travelled by the cyclist is 5400 m.

[4]

(d) Calculate the average speed of the cyclist.

average speed = ............... m/s [2]

[Total: 11]

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3 A piece of stiff cardboard is stuck to a plank of wood by means of two sticky-tape “hinges”. This is shown in Fig. 3.1.

stiffcardboard

sticky-tape “hinge”

plank ofwood

AB

C

Fig. 3.1

(a) The cardboard is lifted as shown, using a force applied either at A or B or C.

(i) On Fig. 3.1, draw the force in the position where its value will be as small as possible.

[2]

(ii) Explain why the position you have chosen in (a)(i) results in the smallest force.

............................................................................................................................ [1]

(b) Initially, the cardboard is flat on the plank of wood. A box of matches is placed on it. The cardboard is then slowly raised at the left hand edge, as shown in Fig. 3.2.

stiffcardboard


plank ofwood

Fig. 3.2

State the condition for the box of matches to fall over.

..........................................................................................................................................

.................................................................................................................................... [2]

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(c) The box of matches is opened, as shown in Fig. 3.3. The procedure in (b) is repeated.

stiffcardboard


plank ofwood

Fig. 3.3

(i) Complete the sentence below, using either the words “greater than” or “the same as” or “less than”.

In Fig. 3.3, the angle through which the cardboard can be lifted before

the box of matches falls is …………………………………………… the angle

before the box of matches falls in Fig. 3.2. [1]

(ii) Give a reason for your answer to (c)(i).

..................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................ [1]

[Total: 7]

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4 In Fig. 4.1, a small bird, a large bird and a squirrel are on the ground under a tree.

Fig. 4.1

A loud noise scares the two birds. They both fly up to the top of the tree.

(a) (i) Which bird does the most work raising itself to the top of the tree? ................... [1]

(ii) Explain your answer to (a)(i).

............................................................................................................................ [1]

(b) A squirrel has the same weight as the large bird. It climbs the tree, to the same height as the birds.

How does the increase in the squirrel’s gravitational potential energy compare with that of each of the two birds? Answer the question by completing the sentences below.

Compared with that of the small bird, the increase of the squirrel’s potential

energy is ................................................................. .

Compared with that of the large bird, the increase of the squirrel’s potential

energy is ................................................................. . [2]

(c) Which creature has the least gravitational potential energy when they are at the top of the tree?

.................................................................................................................................... [1]

(d) The small bird flies back down to the ground.

What happens to the gravitational potential energy it had at the top of the tree?

.................................................................................................................................... [2]

[Total: 7]

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5 (a) Here is a list of descriptions of molecules in matter.

description solid gas

free to move around from place to place

can only vibrate about a fixed position

closely packed

relatively far apart

almost no force between molecules

strong forces are involved between molecules

In the columns alongside the descriptions, put ticks next to those which apply to the molecules in

(i) a solid,

(ii) a gas. [4]

(b) The water in a puddle of rainwater is evaporating.

Describe what happens to the molecules when the water evaporates.

..........................................................................................................................................

.................................................................................................................................... [2]

[Total: 6]

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6 (a) Fig. 6.1 shows how the pressure of the gas sealed in a container varies during a period of time.

pressure

time

Fig. 6.1

Which of the following statements could explain this variation of pressure?

Tick two statements.

The temperature of the gas is increasing.

The temperature of the gas is decreasing.

The volume of the container is increasing.

The volume of the container is decreasing. [2]

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(b) Fig. 6.2 shows some gas trapped in a cylinder with a movable piston.

cylinder piston

gas

Fig. 6.2

The temperature of the gas is raised.

(i) State what must happen to the piston, if anything, in order to keep the pressure of the gas constant.

............................................................................................................................ [1]

(ii) State your reasons for your answer to (b)(i).

..................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................ [1]

[Total: 4]

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7 An electric soldering iron is used to melt solder, for joining wires in an electric circuit. A soldering iron is shown in Fig. 7.1.

copper tip

metal cylinderwith heater coil

inside

plastic handle

lead to

electricitysupply

Fig. 7.1

Solder is a metal which melts easily. The heater coil inside the metal cylinder heats the copper tip.

(a) (i) Suggest why the tip is made of copper.

............................................................................................................................ [1]

(ii) Suggest why the handle is made of plastic.

............................................................................................................................ [1]

(b) The heater coil is switched on. When the tip is put in contact with the solder, some of the heat is used to melt the solder.

(i) State the process by which the heat is transferred from the copper tip to the solder.

............................................................................................................................ [1]

(ii) By which process or processes is the rest of the heat transferred to the surroundings? Tick the boxes alongside any of the following (you may tick as many as you think are correct).

conduction

convection

evaporation

radiation [2]

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(c) A short time after switching on the soldering iron, it reaches a steady temperature, even though the heater coil is constantly generating heat.

The soldering iron is rated at 40 W.

What is the rate at which heat is being lost from the soldering iron? Tick one box.

greater than 40 W

equal to 40 W

less than 40 W [1]

[Total: 6]

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8 A square wooden block is made to rotate 3000 times per minute. A springy metal strip presses against the block, as shown in Fig. 8.1. A person nearby observes what is happening.

3000 rotations / minute

springymetal strip

Fig. 8.1

(a) Calculate how many times per second the block rotates.

number of rotations per second = ....................... [1]

(b) Calculate the frequency of the sound caused by this arrangement.

frequency = ................ Hz [2]

(c) State whether or not this sound could be heard by the person nearby, and give a reason for your answer.

..........................................................................................................................................

.................................................................................................................................... [1]

[Total: 4]

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9 (a) Fig. 9.1 shows two resistors connected to a 6 V battery.

6 V X

Y

2 Ω

10 Ω

Fig. 9.1

(i) What name do we use to describe this way of connecting resistors?

............................................................................................................................ [1]

(ii) Calculate the combined resistance of the two resistors.

combined resistance = .................. [1]

(iii) Calculate the current in the circuit.

current = ...................... [4]

(iv) Use your answer to (a)(iii) to calculate the potential difference across the 10 resistor.

potential difference = .................. V [2]

(v) State the potential difference between terminals X and Y.

.................. V [1]

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(b) The circuit in Fig. 9.2 is similar to the circuit in Fig. 9.1, but it uses a resistor AB with a sliding contact.

6 V X

Y

A

B

slidingcontact

Fig. 9.2

(i) State the potential difference between X and Y when the sliding contact is at

1. end A of the resistor, .............. V

2. end B of the resistor. .............. V [2]

(ii) The sliding contact of the resistor AB is moved so that the potential difference between X and Y is 5 V.

On Fig. 9.2, mark with the letter C the position of the sliding contact. [1]

[Total: 12]

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10 Your teacher gives you a length of wire, a sensitive millivoltmeter and a powerful magnet. You are asked to demonstrate the induction of an e.m.f. in the wire.

(a) Describe what you would do.

..........................................................................................................................................

..........................................................................................................................................

..........................................................................................................................................

..........................................................................................................................................

.................................................................................................................................... [2]

(b) How would you know that an e.m.f. has been induced?

.................................................................................................................................... [1]

(c) Name a device which makes use of electromagnetic induction.

.................................................................................................................................... [1]

[Total: 4]

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11 Fig. 11.1 shows a bar magnet on a board in a region where the magnetic field of the surroundings is so weak it can be ignored. The letters N and S show the positions of the north and south poles of the magnet. Also on the diagram are marked four dots.

N S

Fig. 11.1

(a) On Fig. 11.1, carefully draw four magnetic field lines, one passing through each of the four dots. The lines you draw should begin and end either on the magnet or at the edge of the board. [5]

(b) On one of your lines, put an arrow to show the direction of the magnetic field. [1]

[Total: 6]

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12 Three particles you have learned about are

protons, neutrons and electrons.

(a) How many of each of these particles

(i) are found in an -particle,

number of protons = ...................

number of neutrons = ...................

number of electrons = ................... [1]

(ii) are found in a -particle?

number of protons = ...................

number of neutrons = ...................

number of electrons = ................... [1]

(b) Sodium-24 can be represented as 2411Na.

How many of each of these particles are there in a neutral atom of 2411Na?

number of protons = .....................

number of neutrons = .....................

number of electrons = ..................... [3]

(c) A nucleus of sodium-24 decays to become magnesium-24, by the emission of one particle. The equation below describes this change.

The symbol xy represents the emitted particle.

2411Na 24

12Mg + xy

(i) State the value of x. .................... [1]

(ii) State the value of y. .................... [1]

(iii) What type of particle is ? .................... [1]

[Total: 8]

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University of Cambridge International Examinations is part of the Cambridge Assessment Group. Cambridge Assessment is the brand name of University of Cambridge Local Examinations Syndicate (UCLES), which is itself a department of the University of Cambridge.

This document consists of 16 printed pages.

MML 10757 3/05 S99216/2© UCLES 2006 [Turn over

UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE INTERNATIONAL EXAMINATIONS International General Certificate of Secondary Education

PHYSICS 0625/02

Paper 2 CoreMay/June 2006

1 hour 15 minutesCandidates answer on the Question Paper.No Additional Materials are required.


Write your Centre number, candidate number and name on all the work you hand in.Write in dark blue or black pen.You may use a soft pencil for any diagrams, graphs or rough working.Do not use staples, paper clips, highlighters, glue or correction fluid.

Answer all questions.You may lose marks if you do not show your working or if you do not use appropriate units.Take the weight of 1 kg to be 10 N (i.e. acceleration of free fall = 10 m/s2).At the end of the examination, fasten all your work securely together.The number of marks is given in brackets [ ] at the end of each question or part question.

Centre Number Candidate Number Name


1 (a) For a special parade, the guest of honour is to sit on a chair whilst the parade passesby. Unfortunately the ground beneath the chair is soft, so the parade organisers put thechair on a large flat board, as shown in Fig. 1.1.

Fig. 1.1

Explain why the board prevents the chair from sinking into the ground.

..........................................................................................................................................

.................................................................................................................................... [2]

(b) At the parade, some air-filled balloons are used as decorations, as shown in Fig. 1.2.

Fig. 1.2

(i) State what happens to the balloons when the Sun makes them hotter.

............................................................................................................................ [1]

(ii) In terms of molecules, explain your answer to (b)(i).

..................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................ [2]

chair

board

softground

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(c) A pump is used to pump up the balloons in (b). A valve in the pump becomes blocked,as shown in Fig. 1.3.

Fig. 1.3

(i) The piston of the pump is pushed in. State what happens to the pressure of the airtrapped in the pump.

............................................................................................................................ [1]

(ii) In terms of molecules, explain your answer to (c)(i).

..................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................ [3]

blockedvalve

airpiston

direction of motion of piston

3

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2 Fig. 2.1 is a full-size diagram of a rectangular block.

Fig. 2.1

(a) Use your rule to measure the lengths of the three sides AB, BC and CD. Write yourvalues below, in cm, to 2 significant figures.

length of AB = ......................... cm

length of BC = ......................... cm

length of CD = ........................ cm [2]

(b) Write down the equation you would use to calculate the volume of the block. Do notattempt a calculation.

[1]

(c) If you used your values from (a), what would be the unit for the volume of the block?

unit of volume = ........................... [1]

A

B

C

D

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3 Fig. 3.1(a) shows a measuring cylinder, containing some water, on a balance.

Fig. 3.1(b) shows the same arrangement with a stone added to the water.

Fig. 3.1

(a) Which two readings should be subtracted to give the volume of the stone?

reading ...................... and reading ...................... [1]

(b) Which two readings should be subtracted to give the mass of the stone?

reading ...................... and reading ...................... [1]

(c) In a certain experiment,

mass of stone = 57.5 g,

volume of stone = 25 cm3.

(i) Write down the equation linking density, mass and volume.

[1]

(ii) Calculate the density of the stone.

density of stone = ........................ [3]

measuringcylinder

water

balance

reading R

reading P

reading Q

stone

reading S(a) (b)

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4 A piece of fruit is falling from a tree.

Fig. 4.1

(a) The list below contains the names of some different forms of energy.

Put a tick in the box alongside four that are possessed by the falling fruit.

chemical

electrical

gravitational (PE)

internal (thermal)

kinetic (KE)

light

sound

strain [4]

(b) Which form of energy increases as the fruit falls?

.................................................................... [1]

(c) Which form of energy decreases as the fruit falls?

.................................................................... [1]

(d) Which form of energy is stored in the body of a person as a result of eating the fruit?

.................................................................... [1]

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5 (a) State two changes that usually happen to the molecules of a solid when the solid isheated.

1. ......................................................................................................................................

2. ................................................................................................................................ [2]

(b) Most substances expand when they are heated.

(i) State one example where such expansion is useful.

............................................................................................................................ [1]

(ii) State one example where such expansion is a nuisance, and has to be allowed for.

............................................................................................................................ [1]

6 Fig. 6.1 shows a section through a series of waves on water.

Fig. 6.1

(a) On Fig. 6.1, carefully mark and label

(i) the wavelength of the waves, [2]

(ii) the level of the flat, still water surface after the waves have passed. [2]

(b) Describe how, using a stopwatch, the frequency of the waves could be found.

..........................................................................................................................................

..........................................................................................................................................

.................................................................................................................................... [2]

7

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7 (a) Fig. 7.1 shows a ray of blue light shining onto a glass prism.

Fig. 7.1

With the aid of a straight edge, draw a possible path of the ray through the prism andinto the air until it reaches the screen. [3]

(b) When a ray of white light passes through the prism, it spreads into a spectrum ofcolours that can be seen on the screen.

(i) What is the name of this spreading effect? Tick one box.

convergence

diffraction

dispersion

reflection [1]

(ii) Which colour is deviated least by the prism? ..................................................... [1]

(iii) Which colour is deviated most by the prism? ..................................................... [1]

screen

air air

normal

ray of

blue light

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8 (a) State what is meant by the north pole of a magnet.

..........................................................................................................................................

.................................................................................................................................... [2]

(b) The north poles of two magnets are brought close together.

What sort of force, if any, is there between the poles? Tick one box.

attractive

repulsive

no force [1]

(c) Fig. 8.1 shows the north pole of a magnet close to an iron bar.

Fig. 8.1

(i) The iron bar is attracted to the north pole because of induced magnetism in theiron bar.

On Fig. 8.1, mark clearly the induced north pole and the induced south pole of theiron bar. [1]

(ii) State what happens to the induced magnetism in the iron bar when the magnet istaken away.

............................................................................................................................ [1]

N

magnet

ironbar

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9 (a) The table below gives the half-lives of three radioactive substances.

Samples of each of the three substances have the same activity today. Which samplewill have the greatest activity in 1 year’s time? Explain your answer.

substance with greatest activity after 1 year ....................................................................

explanation ......................................................................................................................

.................................................................................................................................... [2]

(b) In 1986, an explosion at the Chernobyl nuclear power station released radioactivesubstances into the air. One of the radioactive substances released was iodine-131.Some of the iodine-131 found its way into cow’s milk.

The activity of a sample of this contaminated milk was measured each week for 4 weeks.The results are shown below.

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time / days 0 7 14 21 28

1000 547 294 162 88activity–––––––counts / s

substance half-life

iodine-128

radon-222

strontium-90

25 minutes

3.8 days

28 years

(i) On Fig. 9.1, plot the values given in the table.

Fig. 9.1

(ii) Draw the best-fit curve through your points.

(iii) Use your graph to find the half-life of iodine-131, showing clearly on your graphhow you obtained your value.

half-life of iodine-131 = ....................... days[6]

1000

800

600

400

200

00 5 10 15 20 25 30

activitycounts_______

/ s

time / days

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10 (a) Fig. 10.1 shows a type of tube in which cathode rays can be produced.

Fig. 10.1

(i) A p.d. is connected between two terminals in order to cause thermionic emission.Between which two of the four labelled terminals is the p.d. connected?

between point .................. and point .................... [1]

(ii) Where does the thermionic emission occur?

............................................................................................................................ [1]

(iii) What particles are emitted during thermionic emission? Tick one box.

-particles

electrons

neutrons

protons [1]

(iv) On Fig. 10.1, draw the path of the cathode rays that are created when all theelectrical connections are correctly made. [1]

(v) State what is seen when the cathode rays strike the fluorescent screen.

............................................................................................................................ [1]

filament anode

fluorescentscreen

A

B

C D

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(b) Fig. 10.2 shows the same tube as in Fig. 10.1, with two metal plates alongside the tube.A high p.d. is connected between the plates.

Fig. 10.2

On Fig. 10.2, draw the path of the cathode rays. [3]

(c) The tube in Fig. 10.1 and Fig. 10.2 has a vacuum inside it.

State why this vacuum is necessary.

..........................................................................................................................................

.................................................................................................................................... [1]

+V

–V

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11 Fig. 11.1 illustrates part of the journey of a car.

Fig. 11.1

The car engine is leaking oil. Regularly, every 2.5 s, a drop of oil hits the road.

(a) The car is driven at a steady speed of 10 m/s through the town.

(i) Calculate the distance on the road between one oil drop and the next oil drop.

distance between oil drops = ................... m [2]

(ii) The town is 500 m across. Show that it takes the car 50 s to travel through thetown.

[3]

(b) At a distance of 1000 m outside the town, the car passes a tree. At a further distance of1500 m, the car passes a pylon. Between the tree and the pylon the oil drops are all75 m apart.

Calculate the speed of the car between the tree and the pylon.

speed of car = ................ m/s [2]

startof

town

endof

townoil dropson road

tree pylon

500 m 1000 m 1500 m

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(c) What has happened to the car between the end of the town and the tree?

Tick one box.

The car has accelerated.

The car has decelerated.

The car has travelled at constant speed. [1]

(d) Each of the three parts of the journey takes 50 s.

Calculate the average speed of the car for the whole journey between the beginning ofthe town and the pylon.

average speed = ................ m/s [5]

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12 In the boxes of the left column below are some electrical hazards. In the boxes of the rightcolumn are means of protecting against those hazards.

From each hazard, draw a line to the appropriate protection. One line has been drawn as anexample.

[3]

Permission to reproduce items where third-party owned material protected by copyright is included has been sought and cleared where possible. Everyreasonable effort has been made by the publisher (UCLES) to trace copyright holders, but if any items requiring clearance have unwittingly beenincluded, the publisher will be pleased to make amends at the earliest possible opportunity.

University of Cambridge International Examinations is part of the University of Cambridge Local Examinations Syndicate (UCLES), which is itself adepartment of the University of Cambridge.

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electrical hazard

loose live wire touchesmetal case of appliance

fuse or circuit-breakerin the circuit

use of switches witha nylon pull-cord

earth wire connected to themetal case of the appliance

visual check of cablesbefore connecting appliance

worn insulation on cableto an appliance

steam in a washroomcondenses inside a switch

wires get hot becausecurrent is too high

means of protection

This document consists of 16 printed pages.

SPA (MML 8112 3/04) S80361/3© UCLES 2005 [Turn over


PHYSICS 0625/02

Paper 2May/June 2005



Write your Centre number, candidate number and name on all the work you hand in.Write in dark blue or black pen in the spaces provided on the Question Paper.You may use a soft pencil for any diagrams, graphs or rough working.Do not use staples, paper clips, highlighters, glue or correction fluid.

Answer all questions.At the end of the examination, fasten all your work securely together.The number of marks is given in brackets [ ] at the end of each question or part question.You may lose marks if you do not show your working or if you do not use appropriate units.Take the weight of 1 kg to be 10 N (i.e. acceleration of free fall = 10 m/s2).


If you have been given a label, look at thedetails. If any details are incorrect ormissing, please fill in your correct detailsin the space given at the top of this page.

Stick your personal label here, ifprovided.


1 (a) A measuring cylinder contains 100 cm3 of water. 20 cm3 of the water is poured into abeaker.

On Fig. 1.1, mark the level of the water left in the cylinder. [2]

Fig. 1.1

(b) A rule, calibrated in cm, is placed alongside the measuring cylinder, as shown in Fig. 1.2.

Fig. 1.2

(i) What is the length of the measuring cylinder, from zero up to the 100 cm3 mark?

..................................................................................................................................

(ii) The volume of a cylinder is found using the equation

volume = cross-sectional area × length.

Calculate the cross-sectional area of the measuring cylinder.

cross-sectional area = .................................[5]

5

10

15

cm3

100

50

cm3

100

50

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2 A boat sails along a river, stopping at various places along the way. Fig. 2.1 shows how thespeed of the boat changes during the day, starting at 0900 hrs and reaching its finaldestination at 2100 hrs.

Fig. 2.1

(a) Calculate how long the whole journey takes.

time taken = ....................... hours [2]

(b) State the time of day at which the boat reaches its greatest speed.

time of day = ................................. [1]

(c) State the longest time for which the boat was stationary at one place.

longest time = ....................... hours [1]

(d) If the speed axis had values marked on it, state

(i) how the graph could be used to find the distance travelled between 0900 hrs and1130 hrs,

..................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................

(ii) how the average speed for the whole journey could be found.

..................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................[3]

00900 1100 1300 1500 1700 1900 2100

time of day (24 -hour clock)

speed

3

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3 (a) A light vertical triangular piece of rigid plastic PQR is pivoted at corner P.

A horizontal 5 N force acts at Q, as shown in Fig. 3.1.

Fig. 3.1

Describe what, if anything, will happen to the piece of plastic.

..........................................................................................................................................

.................................................................................................................................... [2]

(b) On another occasion, two horizontal 5 N forces act on the piece of plastic, as shown inFig. 3.2.

Fig. 3.2

(i) Describe what, if anything, will happen to the piece of plastic.

..................................................................................................................................

(ii) On Fig. 3.2, mark the force that the pivot exerts on the piece of plastic. Show thedirection of the force by means of an arrow and write the magnitude of the forcenext to the arrow. [4]

pivot

P

Q5 N

R5 N

pivot

P

Q5 N

R

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4 Fig. 4.1 represents a hydroelectric system for generating electricity.

Fig. 4.1

Answer the following questions, using words from this list.

chemical electrical gravitational internal (heat)

kinetic light nuclear sound strain

(a) What sort of energy, possessed by the water in the reservoir, is the main source ofenergy for this system?

.................................................................................................................................... [1]

(b) When the water flows down the pipe, it is moving. What sort of energy does it possessbecause of this movement?

.................................................................................................................................... [1]

(c) The water makes the turbines in the power station rotate. What sort of energy do theturbines possess because of their rotation?

.................................................................................................................................... [1]

(d) What sort of energy does the power station generate?

.................................................................................................................................... [1]

(e) None of the energy transfer processes is perfect. In what form is most of the wastedenergy released?

.................................................................................................................................... [1]

water flows out

water flows downpowerstation

reservoir

5

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5 (a) On a hot day, a child drinks all the water in a plastic bottle. She then screws the capback tightly on the bottle, so that the bottle contains only air.

Fig. 5.1

She throws the bottle into a waste basket, where the Sun shines on it.

After a while in the Sun’s rays, the air in the bottle is much hotter than before.

(i) State what has happened to the pressure of the air in the bottle.

..................................................................................................................................

(ii) In terms of the behaviour of the air molecules, explain your answer to (a)(i).

..................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................[5]

cap screwed on tightly

air

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(b) Also in the waste basket is a broken glass bottle containing a small quantity of water, asshown in Fig. 5.2.

Fig. 5.2

As the Sun shines on it, the volume of water slowly decreases.

(i) State the name of the process causing this decrease.

..................................................................................................................................

(ii) In terms of the effect of the Sun’s rays on the water molecules, explain your answerto (b)(i).

..................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................[4]

water

7

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6 The table below shows the potential difference (p.d.) needed at different times during a dayto cause a current of 0.03 A in a particular thermistor.

(a) Calculate the two values missing from the table. You may use the space below for yourworking. Write your answers in the table.

[3]

(b) On Fig. 6.1, plot the four resistance values.

Fig. 6.1[2]

(c) (i) Draw a smooth curve through your points.

(ii) Why do we draw a smooth curve rather than a series of straight lines joining thepoints?

..................................................................................................................................[2]

0

200

400

600

09000600 1200 1500 1800 2100

time of day

resistance /

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time of day (24-hour clock)

p.d. / V

resistance /

0900 1200 1500 1800

15.0 9.9 7.5

500 210 250

(d) The thermistor is a circuit component with a resistance that decreases as the temperatureincreases.

(i) From your graph, estimate the time of day when the temperature was greatest.

time of day = .............................

(ii) State the reason for your answer to (d)(i).

..................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................[2]

9

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7 Fig. 7.1 shows the various regions of the electromagnetic spectrum.

Fig. 7.1

Two of the regions have been labelled.

(a) In the boxes provided, write the names of the other regions. [4]

(b) Only one of the following types of wave is not an electromagnetic wave.

Tick one box to show which type of wave is not electromagnetic.

microwave

radar

sound [1]

radio visible

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8 An inventor is trying to make a device to enable him to see objects behind him. He cuts asquare box in half diagonally and sticks two plane mirrors on the inside of the box.

A side view of the arrangement is shown in Fig. 8.1.

Fig. 8.1

Fig. 8.2 shows the arrangement, drawn larger.

Fig. 8.2

Fig. 8.2 shows parallel rays from two different points on a distant object behind the man.

(a) Carefully continue the two rays until they reach the place where the inventor’s head willbe. [3]

(b) Look at what has happened to the two rays.

What can be said about the image the inventor sees?

.................................................................................................................................... [1]

90°

45°

ray 1 from object

ray 2 from object

mirror

box cutin half

mirror

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9 The speed of sound in air is 332 m/s. A man stands 249 m from a large flat wall, as shown inFig. 9.1, and claps his hands once.

Fig. 9.1

(a) Calculate the interval between the time when the man claps his hands and the timewhen he hears the echo from the wall.

time interval = ........................... s [3]

(b) A woman is standing 249 m further away from the wall than the man. She hears theclap twice, once directly and once after reflection from the wall.

How long after the man claps does she hear these two sounds? Tick two boxes.

0.75 s

1.50 s

2.25 s

3.00 s [2]

249 m249 m

woman man

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10 (a) (i) What name do we give to the type of material that allows electrical charges to passthrough it?

..................................................................................................................................

(ii) Give an example of such a material.

..................................................................................................................................

(iii) What must be done to this type of material in order to make electrical charges passthrough it?

..................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................[3]

(b) (i) What name do we give to the type of material that does not allow electricalcharges to pass through it?

..................................................................................................................................

(ii) Give an example of such a material.

..................................................................................................................................[2]

(c) Which of the two types of material in (a)(i) and (b)(i) may be held in the hand andcharged by friction (e.g. by rubbing with a soft cloth)?

.................................................................................................................................... [1]

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11 The circuit in Fig. 11.1 is connected up.

Fig. 11.1

(a) How does the current in the resistance wire compare with the current in the 2 resistor? Tick one box.

smaller same greater [1]

(b) A voltmeter connected across the resistance wire shows the same reading as avoltmeter connected across the 2 resistor.

State the value of the resistance of the resistance wire.

........................................ [1]

(c) Calculate the combined resistance of the wire and the resistor.

combined resistance = ........................................ [2]

(d) The wire and resistor are disconnected and then reconnected in parallel, as shown inFig. 11.2.

Fig. 11.2

2 Ω

Aresistance wire

2 Ω

A

resistance wire

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(i) What is the combined resistance of the wire and resistor in Fig.11.2? Tick one box.

zero

1

2

3

(ii) The ammeter in Fig. 11.1 reads 0.3 A. What is the reading on the ammeter inFig. 11.2? Tick one box.

zero

less than 0.3 A

0.3 A

more than 0.3 A[2]

(e) Walls in buildings sometimes develop cracks. The width of a crack can be monitored bymeasuring the resistance of a thin wire stretched across the crack and firmly fixed oneither side of the crack, as illustrated in Fig. 11.3.

Fig. 11.3

The wall moves and the crack widens slightly.

State what happens to

(i) the length of the wire, ...............................................................................................

(ii) the resistance of the wire. ........................................................................................[2]

fixing pinfixing pin

crack

thin wire

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12 (a) Complete the following table about the particles in an atom. The first row has been filledin as an example.

[6]

(b) (i) Which of the particles in the table make up an -particle?

..................................................................................................................................

(ii) On the same scale as indicated by the table, state

1. the mass of an -particle, .................................................................................

2. the charge of an -particle. ...............................................................................[3]

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particle mass charge location

proton 1 unit +1 unit in the nucleus

neutron

electron

Permission to reproduce items where third-party owned material protected by copyright is included has been sought and cleared where possible. Everyreasonable effort has been made by the publisher (UCLES) to trace copyright holders, but if any items requiring clearance have unwittingly been included, thepublisher will be pleased to make amends at the earliest possible opportunity.

University of Cambridge International Examinations is part of the University of Cambridge Local Examinations Syndicate (UCLES), which is itself a department ofthe University of Cambridge.

This document consists of 17 printed pages and 3 blank pages.

SPA (NH/BI) S61205/2© UCLES 2004 [Turn over


PHYSICS 0625/02

Paper 2May/June 2004



Write your Centre number, candidate number and name on all the work you hand in.Write in dark blue or black pen in the spaces provided on the Question Paper.You may use a soft pencil for any diagrams, graphs or rough working.Do not use staples, paper clips, highlighters, glue or correction fluid.

Answer all questions.At the end of the examination, fasten all your work securely together.The number of marks is given in brackets [ ] at the end of each question or part question.You may lose marks if you do not show your working or if you do not use appropriate units.Take the weight of 1 kg to be 10 N (i.e. acceleration of free fall = 10 m/s2).


If you have been given a label, look at thedetails. If any details are incorrect ormissing, please fill in your correct detailsin the space given at the top of this page.

Stick your personal label here, ifprovided.


2

0625/02 M/J/04

1 The clock on a public building has a bell that strikes each hour so that people who cannotsee the clock can know what hour of the day it is.At precisely 6 o’clock, the clock starts to strike. It strikes 6 times.At the first strike of the bell, a man’s wrist-watch is as shown in Fig. 1.1.

Fig. 1.1

When the bell strikes for the sixth time, the wrist-watch is as shown in Fig. 1.2.

Fig. 1.2

(a) Calculate the time interval between the 1st strike and the 6th strike.

time interval = ……………… s [1]

(b) Calculate the time interval between one strike and the next.

time interval = ………………s [2]

(c) At precisely 11 o’clock, the clock starts to strike.Calculate the time interval between the 1st strike and the 11th strike.

time interval = ………………s [2]

12111

210

39

4857

6

12111

210

39

4857

6

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2 Fig. 2.1 shows a hinged rail in a fence. The rail has to be lifted vertically in order to let peoplethrough.

Fig. 2.1

(a) On Fig. 2.1, draw an arrow to show the position and direction of the smallest force thatwould be needed to begin to raise the rail. [3]

(b) What is the correct Physics term for the turning effect of a force?

Tick one box.

force

work

moment

movement [1]

(c) Suggest one way the designer of the fence could have reduced the force needed to liftthe rail.

..........................................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................................[1]

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3 Fig. 3.1 shows the speed-time graph of part of a short journey made by a cyclist.

Fig. 3.1

(a) Which part of Fig. 3.1 shows when the cyclist is travelling at constant speed?

......................................................................................................................................[1]

(b) State what is happening during the rest of the journey shown in Fig. 3.1.

......................................................................................................................................[1]

(c) (i) Calculate the distance travelled during the first 50 s.

distance travelled = …………………... m

(ii) Calculate the distance travelled between 50 s and 100 s.

distance travelled = …………………... m

time/s

speedm/s

00

5

10

15

20 P Q

R

25

10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

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(iii) Calculate the total distance travelled.

total distance travelled = …………………... m

(iv) Calculate the average speed during the 100 s.

average speed = …………………... m/s[8]

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4 (a) Fig. 4.1 shows a person pulling a loaded barrow along a path from A to B at a steadyspeed.

Fig. 4.1

State the two quantities you need to know in order to be able to calculate the work doneby the person.

1. ......................................................................................................................................

2. ..................................................................................................................................[2]

(b) Another person pulls an identical barrow and load from A to B, but this person pullsmuch harder than the person in (a).

Describe what happens to the second person’s barrow.

..........................................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................................[2]

(c) (i) State which person has the greater power between A and B.

...................................................................................................................................

(ii) Give two reasons for your answer to (c)(i).

reason 1 ....................................................................................................................

reason 2 ...................................................................................................................[3]

A B

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5 Fig. 5.1 shows a shallow dish containing a liquid that evaporates easily. The bulb of athermometer is held in the liquid. A jet of air is blown over the surface of the liquid, so that theliquid evaporates rapidly.

Fig. 5.1

(a) State what happens to the reading shown on the thermometer.

......................................................................................................................................[1]

(b) Explain your answer to (a) in terms of the behaviour of the molecules of the liquid.

..........................................................................................................................................

..........................................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................................[2]

(c) State one example in everyday life where the effect demonstrated by this experimentoccurs.

......................................................................................................................................[1]

jet of air

liquid

shallow dish

thermometer

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6 (a) When a certain amount of heat is supplied to 1 kg of insulated aluminium, the temperatureof the aluminium rises by 1 °C.

Fig. 6.1

In what form does the aluminium store the energy that has been supplied?

......................................................................................................................................[1]

(b) The same amount of heat is supplied to 1 kg of insulated copper, as shown in Fig. 6.2.

Fig. 6.2

The temperature rise of the 1 kg copper block is greater than the temperature rise of the1 kg aluminium block in (a).

Explain, in terms of thermal capacity, why this is so.

..........................................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................................[2]

1 kg copper insidea layer of insulation

heat suppliedto copper

1 kg aluminium insidea layer of insulation

heat suppliedto aluminium

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7 Boy A throws a large stone into a large still pond, as illustrated in Fig. 7.1.

Fig. 7.1

(a) Girl B hears the ‘plop’ sound of the stone entering the water a very short time after shesees the splash, but it is many seconds before the water wave reaches the edge of thepond where she is sitting.Use this information to decide which wave travels fastest and which travels slowest.

Write ‘fastest’ in one box and ‘slowest’ in another box. Leave one box empty.

sound wave

light wave

water wave [2]

(b) In the boxes below, state whether each type of wave is a transverse or a longitudinalwave.

sound wave

light wave

water wave [3]

(c) In the boxes below, put a tick alongside any of the types of wave that do not need asubstance in which to travel.

sound wave

light wave

water wave [1]

Fig. 7.1

AB

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8 A, B, C and D are an aluminium bar, an unmagnetised iron bar and two bar magnets. Testsare performed to find out which bar is which.Each row of Fig. 8.1 shows what happens when two of the bars are placed end to end.

Fig. 8.1

Which bar is which? Complete the lines below.

Bar A is ........................................................................

Bar B is ........................................................................

Bar C is ........................................................................

Bar D is ........................................................................ [4]

repel

attract

no effect

A B

A C

B D

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9 Some pond water becomes contaminated by the release of radioactive waste.The radioactivity of a sample of the contaminated water is tested every week for 5 weeks.The results are shown in the table below.

(a) Plot these values on Fig. 9.1. [3]

Fig. 9.1

(b) Draw the best curve through your points. [1]

(c) Use your graph to find the half-life of the radioactive material in the sample. Show clearlyon the graph how you obtained your answer.

half-life of radioactive material = ………………… weeks [2]

(d) If the sample of contaminated water used in the test had been smaller, state how thiswould have affected, if at all,

(i) the activity readings, .................................................................................................

(ii) the value of the half-life. ............................................................................................[2]

00

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

1 2 3 54 6time/weeks

activity count/s

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time/weeks 0

800 440 240 130 70 40

1 2 3 4 5

activitycount/s

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10 (a) One coil of a transformer is connected to a toy train set. The other coil is connected to a240 V a.c. mains supply, as shown in Fig. 10.1.

Fig. 10.1

(i) How can you tell from Fig. 10.1 that the transformer is a step-down transformer?

...................................................................................................................................

...............................................................................................................................[1]

(ii) Calculate the voltage at which the toy train operates.

toy train operates at ………………… V [3]

(iii) 1. The voltage of the mains supply is reduced. What happens to the voltagesupplied to the train set? Tick one box.

increases

decreases

stays the same

2. An attempt is made to use the train set in a country where the mains supply is110 V. Suggest one difference that might be noticed in the way the toy trainoperates.

...........................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................[2]

secondary coil200 turns

primary coil4800 turns

240 V

totrainset

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(b) Fig. 10.2 shows an electromagnetic relay being used to operate an electric motor.

Fig. 10.2

Below are sentences that describe stages of the process by which the circuit works.

A The armature pivots and the contacts close.

B The core of the relay is magnetised.

C The switch is closed and the current flows through the coil.

D A current flows through the motor, making it work.

E The core attracts the top part of the armature.

Put the sentences so that the stages are in the correct order. Put the appropriate lettersin the boxes below. One box has been filled in as an example.

Stage 1 is sentence

Stage 2 is sentence

Stage 3 is sentence

Stage 4 is sentence

Stage 5 is sentence [3]

C

power supplyfor motor

pivoted ironarmature

motor

contacts

relay core

switchM

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11 (a) The list below contains the names of five different components that might be found in anelectric circuit.

capacitor light-dependent resistor resistor thermistor variable resistor

Which of these has

(i) a resistance that falls rapidly when the temperature rises,

...................................................................................................................................

(ii) a resistance that changes when a sliding contact is moved,

...................................................................................................................................

(iii) a high resistance in the dark but a low resistance in daylight?

...................................................................................................................................[3]

(b) A lamp shines with full brightness when connected to a 12 V battery, as shown inFig. 11.1.

Fig. 11.1

(i) 1. Write down the equation that links resistance with p.d. and current.

2. The current in the lamp is 0.50 A. Calculate the resistance of the lamp.

resistance of lamp = …………………[4]

lamp

0.50 A12 V

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(ii) A resistor is now connected in series with the lamp, as shown in Fig. 11.2.

Fig. 11.2

1. State what happens to the current in the lamp when the resistor is added.

...........................................................................................................................

2. Explain your answer.

...........................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................

3. Suggest what change might be seen in the lamp.

...........................................................................................................................[3]

lamp

12 V

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12 (a) A man looks at his reflection in a vertical mirror. This is shown from the side in Fig. 12.1.

Fig. 12.1

(i) On Fig. 12.1, accurately mark with a clear dot labelled B where the image of the tipA of the man’s beard will be.

(ii) On Fig. 12.1, accurately draw a ray from the tip of the man’s beard that reflects fromthe mirror and goes into his eye. You may use faint construction lines if you wish.Use arrows to show the direction of the ray.

(iii) The man can see the image, but it cannot be formed on a screen. What name isgiven to this type of image?

...................................................................................................................................

(iv) Write down the equation that links the angles of incidence and reflection that theray makes with the mirror.

[7]

mirror

A

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(b) A girl looks into a bathroom mirror to brush her hair. Fig. 12.2 shows what she sees inthe mirror.

Fig. 12.2

(i) In which hand is she holding the brush? Tick one box.

left hand

right hand

(ii) She has a spot on her skin just below her left eye.Mark clearly on Fig. 12.2 where this will appear on the reflection.

[2]

reflection seenin mirror

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Copyright Acknowledgements:

Every reasonable effort has been made to trace all copyright holders. The publishers would be pleased to hear from anyone whose rights we have unwittinglyinfringed.

University of Cambridge International Examinations is part of the University of Cambridge Local Examinations Syndicate (UCLES), which is itself a department ofthe University of Cambridge.

summer paper 2 core

Technology

point b

centre number

uniform rod

question paper

centre of mass

average speed

overforexaminersuse

number of marks