SUPPORTINGSLIDES

Rigid and Flexible Assumption

Quick Release Mechanism

Load CellZero load250 lb500 lbFull load

Load cell connection

Lvdt and Dial gage

Cable and load cell

Typical LVDT Record

Typical Accelerometer Record

New Mix: G1 Series

New Mix: G2 Series

More cylinders: EC,ASTM32

CompressometerCompressometer: ELE InternationalDial gage: Federal: Model C2I (0.0001 in)Machine: Forney Model F-60C-DFM/1 Year 1999

Stresses in Free Vibration Test

Stresses in Free-Vibration Tests

Idealized Stress vs Strain

for Ec= 3800 ksiExterior FramesInterior Frames0.850.92D Frame Analysis

3D Model with Ec= 5000 ksi

Assumption details f and k for Ec= 3800 ksiError= 15-25%Error= 20-40%

AssumptionTesting DirectionkN-S (kips/in)kE-W(kips/in)Thin Plate5150Thick Plate6461

Assumption detailsf and k for Ec 50% LargerError= 3-7%Error= 4-18%

AssumptionTesting DirectionkN-S (kips/in)kE-W(kips/in)Thin Plate7775Thick Plate9692

Stresses in the pluck-testTotal Weight: 440 kipsStresses at the the columns: 440/(6*18*18)=225 psiStresses due to lateral load (2 kips): 40 psiTotal stresses: 265 psiStress/fc 0.06 (1/15)

Mass CalculationPlain Concrete: 142 lb/ft3MATERIALSSteel: 490 lb/ft3COLUMNSPLATES

SAP2000 Thin Plate Vs. Thick PlateEven for thin-plate bending problems where shearing deformations are truly negligible, the thick-plate formulation tends to be more accurate, although somewhat stiffer, than the thin-plate formulation. However, the accuracy of the thick-plate formulation is more sensitive to large aspect ratios and mesh distortion than is the thin-plate formulation.Shearing deformations tend to be important when the thickness is greater than about one-tenth to one-fifth of the span. They can also be quite significant in the vicinity of bending-stress concentrations, such as near sudden changes in thickness or support conditions, and near holes or re-entrant corners.It is generally recommended that you use the thick-plate formulation unless you are using a distorted mesh and you know that shearing deformations will be small, or unless you are trying to match a theoretical thin-plate solution.SAP2000 Analysis Reference

Cracks on the building

UCLA Flat-Plate Structure

UCLA Flat-Plate Structure9%23%8%20%

Modified Compressometer