SURREALISMChyna Williams, Dory Sherrod, and Jenny

Zott

Intro

Officially started in Paris in 1924 Publication of The Surrealist Manifesto

by Andre Breton Focused on theories of Freud Started as literary movement

FREUD!

Psychologist Lots of crazy theories Ones important to surrealism are:

1. Dream Theories

2. General hidden desires in unconscious (mention first to come up with it)

3. Free Association (form of therapy, explain it and how leads into Breton)

Key Characteristics

Common Characteristics of Surrealism:

1. The use of collage in every medium including film

2. Automatism: method artist let the subconscious be hand that created art

3. Influenced by Dadaist and Cubist

4. Influenced the early Abstractionist

5. Idea based on anti- war art (WWI)

Differences from other movements

The Dada movement: purpose was to show life has no meaning or purpose, protest of the war, for surrealism peaceful protest

Cubism: idea of shapes working together, all in the conscious mind

Abstractionism: branched from surrealism, created mainly on feelings, surrealism more dream like

Andre Breton

Created The Surrealist Manifesto based on the “pure psychic automatism”

Poeme Objet by Andre Breton, 1935

Joan Miro

Leading artist Automatist Surrealism art movement

Bright primary colors Biomorphic forms, Rough geometric shapes Marginally recognizable objects.

Joan Miro cont.

Symbols in work: the moon, birds and women

Most work incorporated themes of: the sea, stars, birds and animals

Person Throwing a Stone at a Bird, 1926

The Harlequin’s Carnival, 1924-25

Petit univers, 1933

Max Ernst

Leading Veristic Surrealist artist Invented a new method called frottage Transferring textures suggest proactive

approach to composing image Experiment with mediums like, collage,

decalcomania and exquisite corpse

Max Ernst cont.

Got impression from dreams/nightmares

A reoccurring character is some of his work is Loplop

Two Children are threatened by a Nightingale, 1924

Loplop, 1930

L'Ange du Foyer, 1937

Rene Magritte

Shift into illusionary-visual movement Same objects reappear (green apple,

woman’s body) Started using dream theory more

Portrait of Edward James, 1937

Salvador Dali

Illusions, illusions, illusions!

Hidden sexual and aggressive desires

Continued with dream theory

The Persistence of Memory, 1931

Metamorphis of Narcissus, 1937

The Hallucinogenic Torreador, 1969

End

Start of WWII ended it in Europe Breton and others moved it to New York Breton died, movement no longer

organized group Some artists continued as self- labeled

surrealists Surrealism itself hasn’t really ended and

can still be seen today