susquehanna steam electric station units 8 2 · ~susquehanna steam electric station units 3 8 2...

~ SUSQUEHANNA STEAM ELECTRIC STATION

UNITS 3 8 2

1986ANNUALENVIRONMENTAL

OPERATING REPORT(NONRADIOLOGICAL)

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FACILITYOPERATING LICENSE NOS. NPF-14 8. NPF-22DOCKET NOS. 50-387 8. 50-388

prepared byENVIRONMENTAL5 CHEMISTRY GROUP,

NUCLEAR SUPPORTPENNSYLVANIAPOWER and LIGHT CO.

2 N. 9th StreetAllentown, PA 18101-1179

87050 f 0200 8704~8P DR ADOCK 05000378R

PDR

SUSQUEHANNA STEAM ELECTRIC STATION

ANNUAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT

(NON RADIOLOGICAL)

1986

'Prepared by:

se sSeni nvironmental Scientist - Nuclear

Reviewed by:~ ~ an

Environmental and ChemistryGroup Supervisor - Nuclear

Approved by:a ter

Supervisnr-Radiological andEnvironmental Services

'

e~ ~ ~ ~ Ct

:FOREWORD

The Susquehanna Steam Electric Station (Susquehanna SES) consists of twoboiling water reactors, each with a net electrical generating capacity of1,050. megawatts. The site is approximately 1,325 acres and is located inSalem Township, Luzerne County, Pennsylvania approximately five milesnortheast of Berwick, Pennsylvania. Under terms of an agreement finalized inJanuary 1978, 90% of the Susquehanna SES is owned by the Pennsylvania Powerand Light Company (Licensee) and 105 by Allegheny Electric Cooperative, Inc.

The 1986 Annual Environmental Operating Report (NonradioTogical) for Units 1and 2 describes the programs necessary to meet requirements of Section 2F ofthe Operating License, Protection of the Environment, and Appendix B,Environmental Protection Plan, as well as commitments in the FinalEnvironmental Statement related to operation (NUREG-0564), June 1981. Also,the Operating License, Appendix A, Technical Specifications requires an AnnualRadiological Environmental Operating Report which is issued separately fromthis report.

(" Jerome S. Fie'IdsSenior Environmental Scientist-Nuclear

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

SUSQUEHANNA STEAM ELECTRIC STATION ANNUAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT1986

SECTION TITLE PAGE NO.

Foreword o o ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~

Table of Contents

1.0

2.0

2.1

2.2

2.2.1

2.2.2

3.0

3.1

3.2

Objectives . '......".......Environmental, Issues '.

Aquatic Issues . . . . .

Terrestrial Issues . . . . . . .

Monitoring Bird Impaction on Cooling Towers

Operational Sound Level Survey .

Maintenance of Transmission Line Corridors . . . .

Cultural Resources Issues

Consistency Requirements . . . . . . , . . . . .'..

Plant Design and Operation . . . . . . . . . . . .

Reporting Related to NPDES Permits andState Certifications '. .

2-1

2-2

2~2

2-2

2~3

2~3

3-1

: 3-1

3-1

3.3

4.0

4.1

4.2

4.2.1

4.2.2

Changes Reauired for Compliance with OtherEnvironmental Regulations

Environmental Conditions . . . . . . . . . . . .

Unusual or Important Environmental Events

Environmental Monitoring . .

General Monitoring for Bird Impaction

Maintenance of Transmission Line Corridors .

3-1

"4-1

4-1

4-1

4-]

4-3

e TABLE OF CONTENTS

SECTION TITLE PAGE NO.

4.2.2.1

4.2.2.2

4.2.2.3

4.?.3

4.2.3.1

4.3.3.2

.5.0

Herbicides Used

Records

Types of Maintenance Reported

Aquatic Programs .

lgaeA

Benthic Macroinvertebrates . .

Administrative Procedures

4-3

4 4

4-5

4-5

4-9

5-1

5.1

5.2

Rev'iew and Audit . . . . . . .

Records Retention

5-1

5-1

5.3

(5.4.1

5.4.2

Changes in Environmental Protection Plan . . . . .

Plant Reporting Requirements . . . . . . . . . . .

Routine Reports

Nonroutine Reports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

5-1

5-1

5-1

5-1

Exhibits

American Shad Impingement Survey Results . .

NO.

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TABLES

Tit1e

4.2-1 Species of birds collected at the Unit I and 2 cooling towers,1978-86

4.2-2 Bird impaction totals from Unit I and 2 cooling towers, 24 March-6 June 1986

4.2-3 Bird impaction totals from Unit 1 and 2 cooling towers, 18 August-7 November 1986

4.2-4 Maintenance of transmission line corridors, selected herbicideapplications

4.2-5 Maintenance of transmission line corridors

4.2-6 Mean density of periphytic algae at SSES, 1986

4.2-7 Mean density of periphytic algae at Bell Bend, 1986

4.2-8 Mean density of periphytic algae at Bell Bend I, 1986

4.2-9 Species of periphytic algae at SSES, Bell Bend, and Bell Bend I, 1986

4.2-10 Average density and relative abundance of periphytic algae at SSES,Bell Bend, and Bell Bend I, 1977-86

4.2-11 Density of phytoplankton at SSES, 1986

4.2-12 Density of phytoplankton at Bell Bend, 1986

4.2-13 Density of phytoplankton at Bell Bend I, 1986

4.2-14

4.2-15

4.2-16

4.2-17

4.2-18

4.2-19

Average density and relative abundance of phytoplankton at SSES, BellBend, and Bell Bend I, 1977-86.

Species of phytoplankton at SSES, Bell Bend, and Bell Bend I, 1986

Description and location of benthic macroinvertebrate sampling sites,1986

Density and percent total of benthic macroinvertebrates at SSES I,Bell Bend III, and Bell Bend IV, 1986

Benthic macroinvertebrates collected at SSES V, Bell Bend III, andBell Bend IV, 1986

Ory weight and percent total of benthic macroinvertebrates at SSES I,Bell Bend III, and Bell Bend IV, 1986

iv

F I GURES

Title

4.2-1 Sampling sites at SSES and Bell Bend, 1986

4.2-2

4.2-3

4.2-4

4.2-5

Total number of impacted birds at. Unit 1 and 2 cooling towers,1978-86

Standing crop of periphytic algae at SSES, Bell Bend I, and BellBend, 1977-86

Standi'ng crop of phytoplankton at SSES, Hell Rend I, and Bell Bend,1977-86

Annual mean biomass and density of benthic macroinvertebrates atSSES and Bell Bend, 1975-86

5.1-1 Auditinq organizational chart

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1. 0 OBJECTIVES

The Licensee submitted an Environmental Report-Operatina License Stage for theSusquehanna SES to the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) in May, 1978.This report reviewed the results of the preoperational impacts of constructionand descrihed the preoperational and proposed operational environmentalmonitoring programs. The NRC and other agencies reviewed this report and maderecommendations for operational environmental monitoring programs which werelisted in the Final Environmental Statement (FES) related to the operation ofthe Susquehanna SES, Unit 1 and 2, NUREG-0564, June 1981. In addition, theLicensee has developed procedures and guidelines to ensure that operation ofthe Susquehanna SES does not adversely affect the environment in the vicinityof the station.

The Licensee has developed procedures for environmental responsibilities andinterfaces necessary in monitoring environmental impacts. This -includescoordination of NRC requirements and consistency with other federal, state,and local requirements for environmental protection. To keep the NRC informedof other agency activities, the NRC is being provided copies of environmentalcorrespondence. In addition, this 1986 Annual Ehvironmental Operating Report(Nonradiological) provides a summary of both operational environmental

'rogramsand procedures as required in the FES and Appendix B, EnvironmentalProtection Plans (EPP) of the Operating License, No., NPF-14 (Ref. 1.1-1) andNo. NPF-22 (Ref. 1.1-2).

This 1986 report is the fifth Annual Environmental Operating Report(Nonradiological) submitted to meet EPP requirements. The 1985 report wassubmitted to the NRC in April 1986 (Ref. 1.1-3).

1-1

REFERENCES

1.1-1

1.1-2

1.1-3

Facility Operating License No. NPF-14, Susquehanna SteamElectric Station, Unit 1, Appendix 8, Environmental ProtectionPlan (Non-Radiological), July 17,

1982.'acility

Operating License No. NPF-22, Susquehanna SteamElectric Station, Unit 2, Appendix 8, Environmental ProtectionPlan (Non-Radiological), triarch 23, 198'.

Susquehanna Steam Electric Station, Unit 1 and 2, 1985 AnnualEnvironmental Operating Report (Nonradiological), PennsylvaniaPower and Light Company, Allentown, Pennsylvania, April 1986.

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2.0 ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES

2.1 A VATIC ISSUES

The aquatic monitoring program for the operation of the Susquehanna SES isdivided into two phases. Phase 1 includes effluent monitoring required by aNational Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) permit issued by thePennsylvania Department of Environmental Resources (Pa. DER). Monthlydischarge monitoring reports are submitted to the Pa. DER as part of thepermitting requirements. The station operational NPDES permit No. PA-0047325was reissued January 22, 1985 and is valid for a period of five years. Phase2 of the aquatic monitoring program deals with programs listed in the FESinvolving aquatic environmental biological monitoring.

The Pa. DER in Phase I, is responsible for regulating the water quality permitfor the Susquehanna SES. The NPDES permit No, PA-0047325 deals with dischargeparameters for the Susquehanna SES sewage treatment plant, the cooling towerblowdown (including in plant process streams) which discharges to theSusquehanna River, and also various sumps and drains that discharge throughstorm sewers into Lake Took-a-while, and eventually the Susquehanna River.The parameters included in the sewage treatment plant effluent limits are asfollows:

FlowpHTotal Suspended Solids (TSS)Biochemical oxygen demand (BOD-5)Chlorine residualFecal coliforms

In-plant process effluents combine with the cooling tower flows before beingreleased to the Susquehanna River. These process effluents are monitored forflow, TSS, and the oil and grease. Parameters monitored in the combinedcooling tower blowdown to the Susquehanna River are:

FlowpHChlorine residualChromiumIronZinc

The parameters monitored in the various sumps and drains that discharge tostorm sewers leading to Lake Took-a-while are:

FlowpHTSSOil and grease

2-1

Phase 2 of aquatic monitoring programs committed to by the Licensee in the FESand Appendix 8 of the Operating License for the Susquehanna SES includesmonitoring algae and benthic macroinvertebrates, both above the intake andbelow the discharge. This information is suomarized in Section 4.2.3 of thisreport.

The Susquehanna River Anadromous Fish Restoration Committee, of which theLicensee is a member,'ontinued the American shad restoration project in theSusquehanna River during 1986. The Central Pennsylvania Chapter of theAmerican Fisheries Society reported a record return of American shad to theSusquehanna River (Ref. 2.1-1). The catch of returninq shad at the ConowingoDam transfer facility was 5,193 in 1986 as compared to an annual average ofless than 400 fish per year from 1972-1985. A total of about 4,200 shad weresuccessfully released above all dams at Harrisburg. Some of these fish wereradio-tagged and subsequently tracked in the Juniata River to Lewistown and inthe northern branch of the Susquehanna as far north as Beach Haven.

In addition to the fish from Conowingo Reservoir, approximately 5,800prespawned adult American shad were collected from the Hudson River duringMay, 1986 and transported to the northern branch of the Susquehanna River(Ref. 2.1-2). Of the number collected, approximately 5,000 survived thetransfer. These fish were held in a net in the river at the Susquehanna SESBiological Laboratory by the Licensee's biological consultant Ecology III,Inc., for several days prior to discharge in order to acclimate them to theSusquehanna River.

An impingement study for American shad was undertaken in 1986, as in previousyears in response to a request by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife ServiceCommission. This study meets comnitments in Section 5.3.4„ AquaticMonitoring, of the FES (Ref. 2.1-3). Between 2 September and 16 October,personnel from Ecology III, Inc., monitored fish impingement on the stationintake screens. No juvenile American shad were identified in the fishcollected on the screens during this period (Exhibit 1).

2.2 TERRESTRIAL ISSUES

2.2.1 MONITORING BIRD IMPACTION ON COOLING TOWERS

e

Consultant biologists conducted systematic searches for impacted birds at theUnit I and 2 cooling towers of the Susquehanna SES in 1986 during spring andautumn migrations. Fifty-two birds of 21 species were collected; seven birdswere found in the spring and 45 in the autumn. Almost all collected birds(BBX) were small passerines known to be nocturnal migrants. Most birdscollected in 1986 (835) probably impacted on a tower when it was notoperating. More impacted birds were collected in 1986 than in any otheroperational phase year, but fewer than in any preoperational year. Thus far,the data indicate that operation of the cooling towers may deter birdimpaction. However, the observed decline in bird impaction since the start oftower operation may not be as pronounced as the 'data indicate because toweroperation inhibits specimen retrieval and may bias the collection data.

2.2.2 OPERATIONAL SOUND LEVEL SURVEY

An environmental sound survey was completed in 1985, after the first year ofon-line. operation for each of the two reactor units as required in FES Section5.3.5, Terrestrial Monitoring Program.

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2.2.3 MAINTENANCE OF TRANSMISSION LINE CORRIDORS

The maintenance program for transmission line corridors for the SusquehannaSES is discussed in detail in Subsection 4.2.2 of this report. During 1986,there was maintenance of transmission line corridors by the use of herbicidesand by manual clearing. The terrestrial monitoring program for theSusquehanna transmission lines was initiated in response to commitments inSection 5.3.5 of the FES. The three transmission lines associated with theSusquehanna SES are the Stanton-Susquehanna No. 2-500 kV Line, Sunbury-Susquehanna No. 2-500 kY Line and the Susquehanna-Wescosville 500 kV Line.Originally, the Susquehanna-Wescosville 500 kV Line was called theSusquehanna-Siegfried Line. These lines may be operated at either 230 kV or500 kv.

:

After their construction, areas around the transmission structures and alongaccess roads were seeded and regraded to prevent soil erosion. The schedulefor conducting periodic erosion control inspections of these lines and accessroads is based on the age of the line. During the first five years,helicopter patrols will be conducted three times a year. Thereafter,font-patrols will be conducted every two years and overhead patrols conductedevery five years. The dates of patrols and the information collected arelogged and recorded by the Licensee, which is responsible for this activity.

In 1986, the three transmission lines were inspected by helicopter patrol andno adverse impacts were reported. However, there was a concern about sprayingherbicides outside of the Stanton-Susquehanna No. 2-500 kV line right-of-way.Foot-patrols were requested to check areas sprayed along this right-of-way.Results of their inspection indicated that sprayinq was confined within thelimits of the right-of-way.

2.3 CULTURAL RESOURCES ISSUES

In accordance with Title 36, Code of Federal Regulations, Part 800, Protectionof Historic and Cultural Proper ti'es, the Licensee has taken efforts tomitigate any impacts from either plant construction or operation to siteseligible for inclusion to the National Register of Historic Places.

' 2-3

REFERENCES

2.1-1

2.1-2

2.1-3

American Fisheries Society, Northeastern Division Newsletter, Volume4, Number 2, February 1987.

Restoration of American Shad to the Susquehanna River, AnnualProgress Report - 1986, Susquehanna River Anadromous Fish RestorationCommittee, February 1987.

Final Environmental Statement related to the operation of SusquehannaSteam Electric Station, Units 1 and 2, Docket Nos. 50-387 and 50-388,Pennsylvania Power and Light Co. and Allegheny Electric Cooperative,Inc., U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission, June, 1981.

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3. 0 CONSISTENCY REOUIREMENTS

3.1 PLANT DESIGN ANO OPERATION

In accordance with the EPP, the Licensee has prepared and recorded anenvironmental evaluation of any proposed channe in plant design or operationor performance of any test. or experiment which may significantly affect theenvironment. Activities which concern (1) a significant increase in anyadverse environmental impact previously evaluated by the NRC or Atomic Safety5 Licensing Board, (2) a significant change in effluents or power level or (3)a matter not previously evaluated which may have a significant adverseenvironmental impact, shall be deemed to involve an unreviewed environmentalquestion. For such activities, the Licensee shall provide a writtenevaluation of the activity and obtain prior approval from the Director, Officeof Nuclear Reactor Regulation.

The Licensee has developed a Nuclear Department Instruction procedure toevaluate unreviewed environmental questions. If it is determined that a

particular action will meet any of the three NRC criteria for an unreviewectenvironmental question, the NRC will be notified. If the change, test orexperiment does not meet any of these criteria, the Licen'see will provide anenvironmental approval to the group requesting the action.

During the operation of the Susquehanna SES in 1986, there were no actionswhich required Licensee review as part of the unreviewed environmentalquestions program.

3.2 REPORTING RELATED TO NPDES PERMITS 5 STATE CERTIFICATIONS

Violations of NPDES Permits have been reported to the NRC by submittal ofcopies of reports required by the NPDES Permits. It should be noted thatPennsylvania is a NPOES Permitting Agreement State with the U.S. EnvironmentalProtection Agency, and State Certificat'ion pursuant to Section 401 of theClean Water Act is not required. Copies of all changes or renewals to theoperational NPDES Permit No. PA-0047325 have been submitted to the NRC withinthe required 30-day period.

3.3 CHANGES RE VIREO FOR COMPLIANCE WITH OTHER ENVIRONMENTAL REGULATIONS

During 1986, the~e were several activities which required revision toenvironmental permits held for Susquehanna SES.

The radwaste solidification process is being handled by an outside vendorusing vendor's own equipment, therefore, the Air Contamination SourceOperating Permit for the plant's cement storage silo has been canceled.

o Operating Permit No. 40-311-008, Cement Storage Silo, canceled August 4,1986.

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The Unit 2 auxiliary boiler is no longer being utilized and has beendisconnected from water and fuel lines. The Air Contamination SourceOperating Permit has been canceled.

o Operating Permit No. 40-320-106, Unit 2 Auxiliary Boiler, canceled Mav 30,1986.

3-1

Preliminary plans to install a radwaste cement storage silo were canceled.The Air Contamination Source Plan Approval has been canceled.

o Plan Approval No. 40-311-014, Radwaste Cement Storage Silo, canceledJanuary 22, 1986.

State Drinking Mater Regulations required Susquehanna SES to have a PublicWater Supply Operating Permit for the Susquehanna River surface water source.

o Public Water Supply Permit No. 4085504, River Water Treatment System,issued April 17, 1986.

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4.0 ENVIRONMFNTAL CONDITIONS

4.1 UNUSUAL OR IMPORTANT ENVIRONMENTAL EVENTS

During 1986, there were no unusual or important events that resulted insignificant environmental impacts from Susquehanna SES operation.

4.2 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING

4.2.1 GENERAL MONITORING FOR BIRD IMPACTION

INTRODUCTION

(

Preoperational studies of bird impaction were conducted during spring andautumn migrations at the Unit I cooling tower since autumn 1978 and at theUnit 2 cooling tower since spring 1981. These studies (Refs. 4.2-1 through4.2-5) provided data on bird mortality during tower construction. Operationalstudies were begun in the autumn o< 1982 and continued through 1986 (Refs.4.2-5 through 4.2-8). The basic objective of the operational studies is tomonitor and to evaluate bird impaction mortality during'peration of thecooling towers.

Collections of impacted birds were made during 1986 spring and autumnmigrations at the Unit 1 and 2 cooling towers. Each hyperbolic natural drafttower is l65 m tall with diameters at the base, throat, and top of 128 m, 86m, and 92 m, respectively. In 1986, both towers were illuminated with five,480-volt aircraft warning strobe lights on the top and seven,.480-volthigh-intensity mercury vapor lamps around the lintel, about 12 m above groundlevel. The strobe lights were installed immediately upon completion of eachtower. The towers are about 100 m apart and aligned south to north with UnitI the more northerly (Fig. 4.2-1). They are located approximately 1,400 m

west of the Susquehanna River and 650 m south of a ridge which extends eastand west along the site boundary. The top of the Unit I tower is 381 m abovemean sea level, 6 m higher than the Unit 2 tower (375 m}. Within I km of thetowers, ground elevations vary from 160 m above mean sea level near the riverto 326 m on the ridge. Both towers exceed the highest point on the ridge byat least 49 m.

Systematic searches for impacted birds were usually begun prior to 0900 hourson weekdays, excluding holidays, from 24 March through 6 June and from 8August through 7 November. Each search included the tower base, cold wateroutlet, basin interior, and an area extending at least 10 m out,from the base.Impacted birds were tagged to record date 'and point of discovery. Floatingspecimens were collected with a dip net and those impinged on the trashscreens were removed with a rake. An attempt was made to collect all impactedbirds during each search; however, some specimens recovered from the turbidwater in cooling tower basins impacted one or more days before collection.All data were, therefore, tabulated in 5-day groups to reduce day-to-daycarryover of impacted birds. Birds were usually identified in the laboratorywith the aid of keys detailed in Reference 4.2-6. Nomenclature follows theAmerican Ornithologists'nion Checklist (Ref. 4.2-9). Impacted species werechecked against the federal List of Endangered and Threatened Wildlife andPlants (Ref. 4.2-10) and the Pennsylvania Species of Special Concern (Ref.4.2-11).

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Weather conditions were noted daily at the. Susquehanna SES site. These noteswere augmented with data recorded at the Biological Laboratory, at theSusquehanna SES Meteorological Tower, and at Avoca, Pennsylvania by theNational Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (Ref. 4.2-12). Barometricpressure was monitored constantly at the Susquehanna SES Biological Laboratorywith a Taylor Weather-Hawk Stormscope Barometer adjusted to equivalent sealevel pressure.

RESULTS

In 1986, 52 birds of 21 species were collected during svstematic searches forimpacted birds at Unit 1 and 2 cooling towers of the Susquehanna SES (Table4.2-1). During spring migration, seven birds of six species were collectedfrom 24 March through 6 June (Table 4.2-2); -five specimens were found at theUnit 1 tower and two specimens at the Unit 2 tower. During autumn migration,45 birds of 18 species were collected from 18 August through 7 November (Table4.2-3); 17 specimens were found at the Unit 1 tower and 28 specimens at theUnit 2 tower. In addition to these birds, nne little brown bat (Mvotis'lucifuous'I was found at the Unit 1 tower in April (Ref 4..2-13'l.~nca 1

Yeeptem er 1978, 1.585 birds of at least 68 species have been collected at thetowers.

In 1986, almost all collected birds (88'4) were small passerines known to benocturnal migrants (Ref. 4.2-14). Most of these birds migrate long distancesto and from wintering grounds in the American tropics. The four species mostcommonly collected were of this type: red-eyed vireo (9), magnolia warbler(7), Blackburnian warbler (5), and comon yellowthroat (5). Together theycomposed 505 of the birds collected. No federally listed threatened orendangered species were collected in 1986, nor have any been found since thestudy began in 1978. No Pennsylvania species of special concern werecollected in 1986, but one game bird was found: a wild turkey found in theUnit 1 trash rack probably impacted or drowned in the tower basin. Wildturkeys have been observed in recent years in TR 419 Forest less than 400 m

north of the Unit 1 tower (Ref. 4.2-7 and 4.2-8). One of these birds probablyblundered into the tower.

Like other operational years, the 1986 spring impaction total was smaller thanspring impaction totals during preoperational years (Fig. 4.2-2). No morethan one specimen was found of any species. All but one of the collectedbirds apparentl.y collided with a tower that was not operating and creating avisible plume. The first four impactions (through 2 April) occurred during ascheduled refueling outage of Unit 1 and the last two spring impactionsoccurred when both. units were shut down. Both units were operating in lateApril and early May when spring migration is mnst intense. Only one bird wascollected during this period.

TRENDS

The impaction collection of autumn 1986 was higher than in any previous-operational year except 1982 when the Unit 1 conling tower did not create aplume for most of the autumn migration period and Unit 2 was still inconstruction (Fig. 4.2-2). Most birds collec'ted (82%) "in autumn 1986 probablyimpacted on a tower. when it was not creating a visible plume. For the f<rsttime since studies began, the autumn impaction'ollection at Unit 2 tower wasgreater than the collection at the Unit 1 tower. This was probably related to

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the fact that the Unit 2 tower was not operating during most of the autumncollection period. The collections o< September 15, 16 and 17 accounted <or22 specimens and 49% of the autumn impaction total. These impactions wereassociated with a strong cold front that entered Pennsylvania from thenorthwest. Most autumn impaction collections in past years were alsoassociated with cold front movement when southbound migration is heaviest innortheastern United States (Ref. 4.2-15). The single day collection o< 14specimens on 16 September was larger than any single day collection in theprior three years, but small in comparison to collections of 79 and 81 birdsmade in 1981 during the preoperational phase (Ref. 4.2-4).

An operating cooling tower has characteristics which both attract and warnbirds of its presence and dangers. Night-flying birds are sometimes attractedto, then blinded by, bright lights, accounting for impactions on tallbuildings (Ref. 4.2-15). when cloud ceiling is low or visibility poor, birdstend to fly at low altitudes and can be confused by bright, flashing towerlights (Ref. 4.2-16). However, it seems that the flight direction ofnocturnal migrants at high altitudes is not overly affected by nuclear powerplant lights and the birds are not drawn to towers from great distances (Ref.4.2-17). At least three characteristics of onerating towers may warnapproaching birds of their presence: 1) visible plume, 2) air turbulence,and 3) noise. The well-lit plume can be several hundred meters in length andvisible from great distances. Air currents and turbulence caused by operatingnatural draft towers probably make flight difficult for small birds anddiscourage them from flyinq very close. Also, the noise levels near towers ofthis size can reach 80 to 90 dB(A) due to the r'esonance of air drafts andwaterfall (Ref. 4.2-18). This broad-band low frequency noise is well withinthe hearing range of most birds (Ref. 4.2-14). However, when a tower is notoperating, these three warning characteristics are diminished or absent.Therefore, when cooling towers are shut down, thev are hazardous tonight-migrating songbirds, especially for birds that are flying low in badweather.

Thh observed decline in bird impaction since the start of tower operation maybe real, but perhaps not as pronounced as the collection data indicate.Results indicate that tower operation deters bird impaction, assuming thatthis operation does not hinder the recovery of impacted birds. However, thismay not be a valid assumption because water turbulence and flow in the coolingtower basin and cold water outlet may cause many bird carcasses to sink, thuspreventing their collection.

4.2.2 MAINTENANCE OF TRANSMISSION LINE CORRIDORS

4.2.2.1 HERBICIDES USED

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All herbicides utilized to control incompatible vegetation within thetransmission line corridors from Susquehanna SES conform to approved uses asregistered by the U. S. Environmental'Protection Agency. In addition, majormanufacturers or formulators all have had these products registered fordistribution by the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania under the authority o< thePennsylvania Pesticide Control Act of 1973.

The following lists the approved herbicides specified f'r use in theLicensee's programs. All are applied within the instructionsdesignated on the label.

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CommercialName

Krenite

Krenite S

ActiveIn redients

Fosamine

Fosamine

EPARegistration

Number

352-376

352-395

Tor don 10I 2,4-D, Picloram 464-306

Amdon 101 2,4,-Q, Pi cl oram 464-306-264

Tordon RTU ,2,4-D, Picloram 464-510

Garlon 3A

Garlon 4

Roundup

Tricl opyr

Tricl opyr

Glyphosate

464-546

464-554

524-308-AA

Additional herbicides may be added to this list in the futuredepending on new technology and/or other advancements in the state ofthe art. All herbicides will have an approved EPA registrationnumber.

4.2.2.2 RECORDS

Records are maintained for a period of at least 5 years in the appropriateDivision Offices of the Licensee. These include the following:

Copies of labels of specified herbicides which designate commercial.names, active ingredients, rates of application, warnings, storageand handling.

2. Concentrations of active ingredient formulations diluted for fielduse.

3. Diluting substances (cart iers}.

4. Rates of application.

5. Methods of application.

6. Locations and dates of application.

4.2.2.3 TYPES OF MAINTENANCE REPORTED

A. Selective Herbicide Applications

Maintenance of Transmission Line Corridors Selective HerbicideApplication, Table 4.2-4, Sheets 1 through 6 summarizes the application ofherbicides for vegetation control for each of the transmission corridorsaffected. This includes the individual herbicides specified, the activeinoredient, its acid equivalent, the specified amount of concentrate in a

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designated carrier, and additives used to decrease drift and act aswetting agents.

Application data for each of the lines is presented by the number o~ acreson which herbicides were applied, the total amount of solution used, rateof application in gallons per acre, total amount of concentrate used,average gallons of concentrate applied per acre, the total pounds of acidequivalent and the average pounds per acre applied. Dates and locations,by structure number, of the applications are designated along with thetitle of the responsible Division Manager, his or her phone number andmailing address.

1

Two exhibits (3 and 4)in the 1982 Annual Environmental Operating Reportprovide the herbicide application procedures. Exhibit 3 discusses theLicensee's Procedures for Herbicide Use on Transmission Right-of-Wav,while Exhibit 4 lists the Procedure for Obtaining Herbicide Samples fromContractors for Laboratory Analyses (Ref. 4.2-19).

B. Vegetation Maintenance by Manual Methods

Maintenance of Transmission Line Corridors, Table 4.2-5, Sheets 1 through4, summarizes vegetation maintenance activities other than the utilizationof herbicides. The five types of manual methods used in 1986 are astollows:

(

1. Selective Reclearing - utilized to manually cut incompatible vegetationwhere herbicide applications are restricted.

2. Danger Tree Removals - cutting those trees outside of the clearedright-of-way which are of such a height and position that they create apotentially hazardous condition which could interrupt the line.

3. Screen Trimming - trimming of trees left intentionally on theright-of-way for aesthetic purposes or otherwise to maintain safeclearances to the line conductors.

4. Side Widening - areas selectively cut to the full extent of theoriginal right-of-way easement purchased. This was done to enhance thesafety and/or integrity of the line by creating a wider corridor thanthat which was originally cleared.

5. Screen Removal - screens which in the iudgement of those personsresponsible, were threatening the safety and/or integrity of the lineand had to be selectively cleared.

4.2.3 A(VATIC PROGRAMS

4.2.3. 1 ALGAE

INTRODUCTION

The basic objective in 1986 was to evaluate effects of the Susouehanna SES onperiphyton and phytoplankton communities in the Susquehanna River. A controlsampling site (SSES) was located 460 m upriver from the Susquehanna SES intakestructure, 135 m .from the west bank. An indicator site (Be'il Bend) was

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located 400 m downriver from the discharge diffuser, 30 m from the west hank.Results of a dye study done at the diffuser in 1985 (Ref. 4.2-20) revealedthat the Bell Bend site was in the discharge plume, but the center of theplume was located about 55 m from the west bank. In 1986, a third site (BellBend I) was established next to the Bell Bend site, 55 m from the west bank,in order to obtain samples near the center of the plume (Fig. 4.2-1).

Periphyton samples were collected from artificial substrates which consistedof six sandblasted plates of clear acrylic (22 x 30 cm) in "detritus-free"holders similar to those of Gale et al. (Ref. 4.2-21). Two holders with fourplates each were placed on the river bottom at each site near the mainchannel, where depths ranged at SSES in 1986 from 1.0 to 7.3 m. At each site,two plates were sampled in June, August, and October. Plates were exposed tocolonization for 12 months, except at Bell Bend I where they were first placedin May 1986. Three subsamples were taken from each plate by a scuba diverusing a bar-clamp sampler (Ref. 4.2-22). Sampled plates were replaced withclean plates to be sampled later. The schedule for plate removal was acontinuation of a plan established in 1977 by random selection.

The 415 en~ area of the plate delimited by each bar-clamp sampler was cleaned'y

scraping and vibration (Ref. 4.2-22)"with an ultrasonic dental cleaningprobe for 10 minutes. Dislodged cells were carried to a collection jar by.water sprayed inside the collecting cup through the cleaning probe. As aresult, loosened cells were not subjected to unnecessary vibration. Vibrationmay have destroyed some cells, but Gale (Ref. 4.2-22) reported that more cellsper unit area were obtained by scraping and vibration than by scraping andbrushing. 'amples (250 ml) were preserved with formalin and, after settlingten days, were concentrated to 50 ml by siphoning. One half of theconcentrate was sent to Dr. Rex L. Lowe, Department of Biology, Bowling GreenState University, Bowling Green, Ohio, for identification and enumeration ofalgae. The other half of the concentrate was placed in a licensee referencecollection to be retained for at least 12 months.

A 1-liter phytoplankton sample was collected near the river surface at eachperiphyton sampling site on the same days that periphyton samples werecollected. 'fter the samples were preserved and allowed to settle for tendays, the algae in them was concentrated in a similar manner to that use'd forperiphyton samples. The main difference in procedures was that phytoplanktonsamples, because of their greater initial volume, were siphoned three timesinstead of once (ten days settling time was allowed between each siphoning).

Algal cells in periphyton and phytoplankton samples that containedchloroplasts were enumerated as "units" (Ref. 4.2-23).- In most instances, atleast 1,500 units were enumerated and identified in each subsample (about 500per each of 3 analyses). Extremely low algal densities in some subsamplesmade it impractical to count 500 units and fewer were counted. Counts weremade using a microscope (430X) and a Palmer counting cell. Highermagnification, including oil immersion, was used for some identifications.Algae were identified by Dr. Lowe to genus and the more abundant forms tospecies using keys by Mustedt (Ref. 4.2-24) and Prescott (Ref. 4.2-25).

RESULTS/TRENDS

In 1986, 18 samples were collected at each site and a total of 40, 43,. and 43genera of periphytic algae were found at SSES (control), Bell Bend

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0

(indicator), and Bell Bend I (indicator), respectively. None of the generathat occurred at only one site composed more than 1% of the total unitscounted in any replicate. These data are summarized in Tables 4.2-6 throuqh4.2-8.

The mean periphyton density was greatest at Bell Bend (685 units/mm~),followed by Bell Bend I (670 units/mm~), and SSES (450 units/mm~); diatoms(Bacillariophyta) were the most abundant forms and composed 71%, 76%, and 67%of the total units at the three sites, respectively. Green algae(Chlorophyta) composed 19% of the total at SSES and about l6% each at BellBend and Bell Bend I. Blue-green algae (Cyanophyta) composed about 14% of thetotal at SSES and Bell Bend and about 8% at Bell Bend I.

(

At the three sites, 14 species of periphytic algae were identified thatcomposed 5X or more of the total units counted in at least one replicatesample (Table 4.2-9). Most of the species of abundant diatoms were rated as"alkaliphilous" by Lowe (Ref. 4.2-26); three were rated "indifferent", and twowere "unknown" with respect to pH preference.

The average density of periphyton in June, August, and October was alwaysgreater at Bell Bend than at SSES throughout each preoperational year(1977-82); this also occurred in three of the four operational years (1983-86)(Table 4.2-10; Fig. 4.2-3). The preoperational mean density at SSES was about1,400 units/mm~ while at Bell Bend, it averaged about 3,200 units/en~.However, the relative abundance of greens, diatoms, and blue-greens changedlittle between sites. Green algae composed about 54% and 47%, of the totalunits at SSES .and Bell Bend, respectively;'diatoms composed 44K and 50%, andblue-green algae composed about 2'K at both sites. From 1983, mean operationaldensity at SSES averaged about 1,000 units/mm~ while at Bell Bend, the meandensity was about 1,700 units/nmz. Green algae composed about 38% and 32% ofthe total units at SSES and Bell Bend, respectively; diatoms- composed 68Ã and61'A; and blue-green algae composed about 4X and 7X of the total.

The greater abundance of periphytic algae at Bell Bend was probably due to lowriver levels, generally found throughout summer and early autumn. When theriver became low, shoals were exposed near each shore at SSES reducing thewidth of the river, creating a swift current which may have swept periphytonaway from the 'substrate. At Bell Bend, however, there were no such shoals, andthe current during low river level was reduced. As a result, periphyton wereprobably not scoured at this site and phytoplankton from the water column mayhave settled to the substrate and were included in the periphyton counts.

Three phytoplankton samples were collected at each site in 1986 for totals of31, 37, and 35 genera at SSES (contro'l), Bell Bend (indicator), and Bell BendI (indicator), respectively (Tables 4.2-11 through 4.2-13). None of thegenera .that occurred at only one site composed more than 15 of the total unitscounted. Phytoplankton was slightly less abundant at SSES (10,800 units/ml)than at Bell Bend and Bell Bend I (12,100 units/ml) (Fig. 4.2-4). Diatomswere the maior component of the phytoplankton composing 67'A of the totalstanding crop at the three sites. Green algae were less abundant and composed30% of the total standing crop at the three sites; blue-green algae composedonly 3N of the the total standing crop.

Nine species of phytoplankton composed 5N or more of the total units countedin at least one sample from the three sites (Table 4.2-15). Most of the

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phytoplankton found were "clean water" forms and four of the abundant species(S. uadricauda, A. falcatus, C. mene hiniana, and N. acicularis) were amongtlie top species l~sste y Palmer e . . -27) as besng most tolerant ofheavy organic pollution. t5ost abundant species of diatoms were rated as"alkaliphilous" bv Lowe (Ref. 4.2-26), one was rated "indifferent", andanother as "unknown" with respect to pH preference.

Similar phytoplankton densities and phytoplankton species were found inpreoperational (1977-82) and operational (1983-86) samples collected at SSESand Bell Bend. The preoperational mean density at SSES averaqed about 20,500units/ml and about 20,000 units/ml at Bell Bend (Table 4.2-14). Green algaewere the most abundant forms of phytoplankton composing about 57K and 53K ofthe total units at SSES and Bell Bend, respectively. Diatoms composed 39K and42%, and blue-green algae composed about 45 of the total at both sites.Operational densities averaged about 11,800 units/ml at SSES and about 12,500units/ml at Bell Bend. Green algae were the major component of thephytoplankton comaunity composing 54K and 515 of the total units found at SSESand Bell Bend, respectively. Diatoms composed 34K and 36K and blue-greenalgae composed about l25 of the total at both sites.

Overall, mean densities of periphyton and phytoplankton decreased at SSES andBell Bend in operational years compared to preoperational years (Tables 4.2-10and 4.2-14). Operation of the Susquehanna SES did not cause these decreasesbecause they occurred at both the control (SSES) and indicator (Bell Bend)sites. A probable explanation for this change was revealed by evaluation ofthe relationship between algae densities and natural river level usingSpearman's nonparametric rank correlation. The average annual densities ofperiphyton and phytoplankton were ranked (highest to lowest) with the meandaily river level (lowest to highest) for each 30-day period prior to thesample collection date in June, August, and October from 1977 through 1986 atboth SSES and Bell Bend. In all four pairs of rankings, densities ofperiphyton and phytoplankton at SSES and Bell Bend were significantlycorrelated (P less than 0.05) to the mean river level prior to sampling. Thatis, densities were highest when river levels were lowest. Periphyton whichaccumulated on acrylic plates during periods of low river level probably werescoured away during high flows and any phytoplankton increases that occurredin the water column during low river levels were diluted by these same highflows.

Large differences in periphytic densities occurred at Bell Bend and Bell BendI in June and August, even though both sites are the same distance downriverfrom the discharge diffuser (Fig. 4.2-3). Several factors probably accountfor these differences. First, the colonization period of the acrylic platessampled in June at Bell Bend I was short (about 4 weeks). Elwood and Nelson(Ref. 4.2-28) found that at least 6 weeks were required to attain a "constantstanding, crop" on substrates in an artificial stream; Secondly, in August,colonization of acrylic plates at Bell Bend may have been inhibited by dead orliving cells colonizing the plate prior to sampling, whereas colonization ofthe clean plates at Bell Bend I was uninhibited and took place rapidly.Thirdly, acrylic plates at Bell Bend may have become coated with silt anddetritus which deterred colonization. Patrick et al. (Ref. 4.2-29) indicatedthat such accumulations made a surface "less favorable habitat for diatoms."

e

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Ry October, acrylic plates at Bell Bend I, after a 5-month colonizationperiod, had densities similar to those found at Bell Bend (Fig. 4.2-3).Comparisons in 1987, after acrylic plates at both sites have been exoosed to aone-year colonization period, may,iustify deletion of the Bell Bend site withcontinued sampling at Bell Rend I, which is located closer to the center of

'hedischarge plume. In addition, phytoplankton samples will also becollected at both sites in 1987.

4.2.3. 2 BENTHIC MACROINVERTEBRATES

INTRODUCTION

'

Both density and biomass of benthic macroinvertebrates have been monitored inthe Susquehanna River near the Susquehanna SES since 1975 to establish abaseline of preoperational conditions (Refs. 4,2-30 through 4.2-37). InSeptember 1982, Unit 1 'of the Susquehanna SES became operational. Beginningin 1983, all data collected were considered operational (Refs. 4.2-38 through4.2-40). The objective in 1986, as it has been since 1983, was to evaluateeffects of the Susquehanna SES on the benthic macroinvertebrate community bymonitoring benthos upriver from the intake structure (SSES) and downriver fromthe discharge diffuser (Bell Rend).

Three sites were sampled in 1986 (Table 4.2-16; Fig. 4.2-1). SSES I wasretained as a control site and Bell Bend III as an indicator site. As aresult of a dye study done in 1985 (Ref. 4.2-20), an additional indicator site(Bell Bend IV) was established in 1986 near the center of the discharge plume.

Two density samples were taken from acrylic plates using a bar-clamp sampler(Ref. 4.2-41) at each sampling site on 27, 30 June; 21 August; and 15, 16October. Prior to sampling, scuba divers placed eight acrylic olates (20 x 30cm and 13-mm thick) into two detritus-free acrylic holders, similar to thoseof Gale et al. (Ref. 4.2-21), at Bell Bend III and IV on 30 May and at SSES Ion 2 June. At each site, divers securely fastened a bar-clamp sampler on eachof two randomly selected. plates. The sampler cup enclosed a 56.75 cm~ area onthe plate's upper surface. A foam rubber ring around the cup sealed it to theplate and a removable screened insert (250-micron in June; 180-micron inAugust and October) inside the cup, retained the sample. Samples werecollected on the downriver half of the plate, at least 2 cm from any edge. Aseach plate was sampled and removed, replacement plates were installed forfuture sampling.

In the laboratory, screens were removed from the sampler cups annf washed.Organisms were removed from the plate surface by brushing and/or scraping.The sample was pipetted, concentrated by sieving (180-micron mesh), andpreserved in 10$ buffered formalin. Later, upon examination of the residuewith a dissecting microscope (10-70X), organisms were sorted, identified, andcounted. Invertebrates were identified (usually to genus or species) 'usingtaxonomic keys cited in Ref. 4.2-40. Some chironomids had to be mounted onmicroscope slides and examined with a compound microscope (400-1000X) foridentification. The number of orqanisms per square meter was determined bymultiplying the number found in each sample by 176.2.

1

One biomass sample was collected at each site from natural river substratewith a dome suction sampler (Ref. 4.2-42) on 26, 27 June; 20; 21 August; and

4-9

15, 16 October. The dome sampler was lowered from a boat to the river bottom;a scuba diver moved it upriver to the first undisturbed area where an adeauateseal between the sampler band and the substrate could be established. Thediver then vacuumed the substrate inside the sampler (0.163 m~) for fiveminutes with a screened intake nozzle leading to the sampler's pump.Sediments (silt, sand, and fine grave'i) and organisms were pumped into a nylonnet (216-micron mesh). The diver carefully vacuumed large stones within thedome sampler and then discarded them.

In the laboratory, this sample was washed and sieved (841-micron mesh). Itwas then refrigerated (or kept in ice water ) until organisms were sorted. Bychilling the sample, it was possible to avoid the use of preservatives whichdistort organism weight (Refs. 4.2-43 and 4.2-44). Before molluscs wereweighed, their shells were decalcified in 5X HCl. Processing was alwayscompleted within 12 hours of collection. Organisms were sorted into ma,iorgroups, dried in aluminum foil containers at 100+3 C for at least 12 hours,cooled to room temperature, and then weighed on a Mettler HIOM balance. Themass of organisms per square meter was determined by multiplying the weight ofeach group by 6.1

RESULTS

In 1986, density at both Bell Bend sites (III and IV) was consistently higherthan at SSES I in each sampling period (Table 4.2-17). Total mean density wasgreatest at Bell Bend IV (107,300 organisms/m~). It was composed primarily ofchironomids (545) and naidid worms (385). Hydropsychids composed only 7X ofthe total density. At Bell Bend III, total mean density was 59,700 org/m~ andwas also primarily composed of chironomids (69K) and naidids (19%). At SSES

I, total mean density (51,400 org/m~) was less than half of that collected atBell Bend IV. It was composed mostly of chironomids (56K) and hydropsychids(27%); naidids composed 12% of the total density. A listing of benthicmacroinvertebrates found at all three sites in 1986 is in Table 4.2-18.

Although density at Bell Bend IV was consistently greater than at Bell BendIII in 1986, insufficient data have been collected to determine whether thisis a persistent trend. Both Bell Bend sites will be retained in 1987 and woi kwill continue in an effort to explain the differences between them. It ispossible that in the future, sampling at Bell Bend III may be eliminated.

Total mean biomass at SSES I averaged 2.8 g/m~; trichopterans (1.7 g/m~)composed 615 of the total (Table 4.2-19). Ephemeropterans (0.9 g/m~) composed32$ of the biomass. Total mean biomass at Bell Bend III was 1.9 g/m~ and wascomposed primarily of ephemeropterans (0.9 g/m~) and trichopterans (0.5 g/m~).Biomass at Bell Bend IV was 1.9 g/m~ and was composed mostly ofephemeropterans (0.9 g/m~), trichopterans (0.7 g/m~), and molluscans (0.2g/m~). Mean biomass at Bell Bend has remained relatively stable during thepast eight years (Fig. 4.2-5). Since 1978, annual mean biomass at SSES hadbeen between 2- and 5-fold greate~ than at Bell Bend. This year, althoughstill greatest at SSES, it declined from previous years. Differences inmacroinvertebrate biomass at the two stations are largely attributed todifferences in substrate and river current. For example, SSES is located in ariffle area, more suitable for rheophilic organisms like hydropsychids thanBell Bend.

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In June at SSES I, total organism weight was 2.2 g/m~ and was composed mostlyof trichopterans (58'4) and ephemeropterans (33%). At Bell Bend III, totalbiomass was 1.6 g/m~ and was composed mostly of ephemeropterans (86%). AtBell Bend IV, total biomass was 1;3 g/m'nd again was mostlv ephemeropterans(82%); trichopterans composed 7„ of the biomass.

In August, total biomass at SSES I was 2.8 g/m~ and was composed mostly oftrichopterans (56K) and ephemernpterans (35K). At Bell Rend III, biomass was1.4 g/m~ and was composed mostlv of trichopterans (39K), ephemeropterans(31K), and coleopterans (11%). At Bell Bend IV, biomass was 1.5 g/m2 and wascomposed mostly of trichopterans (45K), ephemeropterans (27K), and molluscans(18').

Total biomass was greatest at all sites in October. At SSES I, it was 3.6g/m~ and was composed mostly of trichopterans (66K) and ephemeropterans (29K).At Sell Send III, total biomass was 2.7 g/m2 and was composed mnstlv ofephemeropterans (38%), trichopterans (36%), and molluscans (18$ ). Totalbiomass at Bell Bend IV was 2.8 g/m~ and was composed primarily oftrichopterans (43K) and ephemeropterans (41%).

TRENDS

'

Biomass at Bell Bend has shown little variability in the operational period nrin fact, since 1981 (Fig. 4.2-5). The increase between 1977 and 1979 wasprobably due to improved water quality. Biomass at SSES shows much morevariability. The increased biomass at SSES is due primarily to the increasednumber of hydropsychids. It seems that this group is more susceptible tovariations in river temperature and flow than the mayflies and thechironomids, which often form a large portion of the biomass at Bell Rend.

'

Macroinvertebrate density and biomass steadily increased at both stationsbetween 1977 and 1980 (Fig. 4.2-5). This followed a six-year period ofsignificant (P less than 0.05) improvement in Susquehanna River water quality(Ref. 4.2-45). In particular, there was a decrease in acid mine drainage,which was found to suppress the macroinvertebrate community in the studv area(Ref. 4.2-46}. Since 1978, no significant trends in water quality improvementhave been observed at either SSES or Bell Bend (Ref. 4.2-<7}. Rivertemperature and flow in the months preceding the sampling periods seem to bethe determining factors which contro'l macroinvertebrate density and biomass.Increasing trends in density and biomass, established during preoperationalyears of the Susquehanna SES, leveled off at both the control and indicatorstations after 1983 when the Susquehanna SES became operational (Fig. 4.2-5).The Susquehanna SES has had no detectable impact on the macroinvertebratecommunity downriver from the discharge diffuser.

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N ~'

REFERENCES

Ruhe, R. M. and J. 0. Montgomery. 1979. Birds. Pages 250-283 in T.V. Jacobsen (ed.), Ecological studies of the Susquehanna River in thevicinity of the Susquehanna Steam Electric Station (annual report for1978). Ichthyological Associates, Inc., Berwick, PA.

Gross, D. A., R. M. Ruhe, and J. D. Montgomery. 1980. Birds. Pages250-288 in T. V. Jacobsen (ed.), Ecological studies of the Susque-hanna River in the vicinity of the Susquehanna Steam Electric Station(annual report for 1979). Ichthyological Associates, Inc., Berwick,PA.

e

Gross, 0. A. and J. 0. Montgomery. 1981. Birds. Pages 255-295 inT. V. Jacobsen (ed.), Ecological studies of the Susquehanna River inthe vicinity of the Susquehanna Steam Electric Station (annual repor tfor 1980). Ichthyological Associates, Inc., Berwick, PA.

I

Gross, D. A., D. G. Richie, and J. 0. Montgomery. 1982. Birds.Pages 279-325 in T. V. Jacobsen (ed.), Ecological studies of theSusquehanna River. in the vicinity of the Susouehanna Steam ElectricStation (1981 annual report). Ichthyological Associates, Inc.,Berwick, PA.

Gross, D. A. and J. 0. Montgomery. 1983. Birds. Pages 286-342 inT. V. Jacobsen (ed.), Ecological studies of the Susquehanna River inthe vicinity of the Susquehanna Steam Electric Station (1982 annualreport). Ichthyological Associates, Inc., Berwick, PA.

Gross, D. A. and J. D. Montgomery. 1984. Birds. Pages 283-326. inT. V. Jacobsen (ed.), Ecological studies of the Susquehanna River inthe vicinity of the Susquehanna Steam Electric Station (1983 annualreport). Ichthyological Associates, Inc., Berwick, PA.

Gross, 0. A. and J. 0. Montgomery. 1985. Birds. Pages 286-331 inT. V. Jacobsen (ed.), Ecological studies of the Susquehanna River inthe vicinity of the Susquehanna Steam Electric Station (1984 annualreport). Ichthyological Associates, Inc., Berwick, PA.

Gross, 0. A. and J. 0. Montgomery. 1986. Birds. Pages 222-253 inT. V. Jacobsen (ed.), Ecological studies of the Susquehanna River inthe vicinity of the Susquehanna Steam Electric Station (1985 annualreport). Ecology III, Inc., Berwick, PA.

American Ornithologists'nion. 1983. Checklist of North Americanbirds, 6th ed. Allen Press, Inc., Lawrence, KS. 877 pp.

U.S. Department of the Interior. 1979. List of endangered andthreatened wildlife and plants. Federal Register 44: 3636-3654.

Gill, F. B. (ed.). 1985. Birds. Pages 299-351 in H. M. Genowaysand F. J. Brenner (eds.), Species of special concern in Pennsylvania.Carnegie Museum of Natural History, Pittsburgh, PA.

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National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. 1986. Localclimatological data, monthly summaries (Jan-Dec, 1986) at'Wilkes-Barre/Scranton Airport, Avoca, Pennsylvania. Nat. Climatic Cent.,Asheville, NC.

Hall, E. R. and K. R. Kelson. 1959. The mammals o< North America,vol. 1. Roland Press Co., New York, NY 546 pp.

Terres, J. K. 1980. The Audubon Society encyclopedia of NorthAmerican birds. Alfred A. Knopf, New York, NY. 1109 pp.

Pettingill, 0. S. 1970. Ornithology in laboratory and field.Burgess Publ. Co., Minneapolis, MN. 524 pp.

Cochran, W. W. and R. R. Graber. 1958. Attraction of nocturnalmigrants by lights on a television tower. Wilson Bull. 70: 378-380.

Marsden, J. E., T. C. Williams, V. Krauthamer, and H. Krauthamer.1980. Effect of nuclear power plant lights on migrants. J.

Field'rnithol.51: 315-318.

Edmunds, P. R., H. K. Roffman, and R. C. Maxwell. 1975. Someterrestrial considerations associated with cooling-tower systems forelectric power generation. Pages 393-407 in S. R. Hanna and J. Pell(coordinators), Cooling tower environment-%974. Nat. Tech. Info.Serv., U.S. Dept. Comm., Springfield, VA.

Susquehanna Steam Electric Station, Unit 1, 1982 Annual EnvironmentalOperating Report (Non-Radiological), Pennsylvania Power 5 LightCompany, Allentown, Pennsylvania, April 1983.

Sutron Corporation. 1985. Study of travel time and mixingcharacteristics for the Susquehanna River below the Susauehanna SteamElectric Station. Sutron Report No. SCR85-0007. Sutron Corp.,Herndon, VA.

Gale, W. F., T. V. Jacobsen, and K. M. Smith. 1976, Iron, and itsrole in a river polluted by mine effluents. Proc. Pa. Acad. Sci. 50:182-195.

Gale, W. F. 1975. Ultrasonic removal of epilithic algae in a bar-clamp sampler. J. Phycol. 11: 472-473.

Gale, W. F. and R. L. Lowe. 1971. Phytoplankton ingestion by thefingernail clam, S haerium transversum (Say), in Pool 19, MississippiRiver,. Ecology 52: 5 - 1 ..

Hustedt, F. 1930. Bacillariophyta (Diatomeae). In A. Pascher(ed.), Die Susswasser - Flora Mitteleuropas. Heft TO. Gustav FisherVerlag, Jena. viii. 466 pp.

Prescott, G. W. 1962. Algae of the western Great Lakes area.William C. Brown Co., Dubuque, IA. 977 pp.

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Lowe, R. L. 1974. Environmental requirements and pollutiontolerance of freshwater diatoms. Nat. Environ. Res. Cent., EPA-670/4-74-005. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, OH. 334PP

Palmer, C. H. 1969. A composite rating of algae tolerating organicpollution. J. Phycol. 5: 78-82.

Elwood, J. W. and D. J. Nelson. 1972. Pe~jphyton production andgrazing rates in a stream measured with a P material balancemethod. Oikos 22: 295-303.

Patrick, R., M. Hohn, and J. Wallace. 1954. A new method fordetermining the patterns of the diatom flora. Notulae Naturae, Acad.Nat. Sci. Phila. 259: 1-12.

Oeutsch, W. G. 1976. Macroinvertebrates. Pages 123-161 in T. V.Jacobsen (ed.), Ecological studies of the'orth Branch SusquehannaRiver in the vicinity of the Susquehanna Steam Electric Station(annual report for 1975). Ichthyological Associates, Inc., Rerwick,PA.

Deutsch, W. G. 1977. Benthic macroinvertebrates. Pages 36-69 in T.V. Jacobsen (ed.), Ecological studies of the Susquehanna River in thevicinity of the Susquehanna Steam Electric Station (annual report for1976). Ichthyological Associates, Inc., Berwick, PA.

Deutsch, M. G. 1978. Benthic macroinvertebrates. Pages 68-119 inT. V. Jacobsen (ed.), Ecological studies of the Susquehanna River inthe vicinity of the Susquehanna Steam Electric Station (annual reportfor 1977). Ichthyological Associates, Inc., Berwick, PA.

Sabin, l., W. G. Oeutsch, and M. F. Gale. 1979. Benthic macrninver-tebrates. Pages 86-119 in T. V. Jacobsen (ed.), Ecological studiesof the Susquehanna River sn the vicinitv of the Susquehanna SteamElectric Station (annuaT repor t for 1978}. IchthyologicalAssociates, Inc., Berwick, PA.

Sabin-Zelenak, L., W. G. Oeutsch, and M. F. Gale. 1980. Benthicmacroinvertebrates. Pages 79-115 in T. V. Jacobsen (ed.), Ecologicalstudies of the Susquehanna River in the vicinity of the SusquehannaSteam Electric Station (annual report for 19791. IchthyologicalAssociates, Inc., Berwick, PA.

Deutsch, W. G., W. F. Gale, and L. Sabin-Zelenak. 1981. Benthicmacroinvertebrates. Pages 80-120 in T. V. Jacobsen (ed.), Ecologicalstudies of the Susquehanna River in the vicinity of the SusquehannaSteam'Electric Station (annual report for 1980). Ichthyologica'.Associates, Inc., Berwick, PA.

Deutsch, M. G., L. S. Imes, and W. F. Gale. 1982. Benthic macro-invertebrates. Pages 83-123 in T. V. Jacobsen (ed.), Ecologicalstudies of the Susquehanna River in the vicinity of the SusquehannaSteam Electric Station (1981 annual report). IchthyologicalAssociates, Inc., Berwick, PA.

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Deutsch, W. G., J. L. Meyer, and W. F. Gale. 1983. Benthic macro-invertebrates. Pages 83-120 in T. V. Jacobsen (ed.), Ecolooicalstudies of the Susquehanna River in the vicinity of the SusquehannaSteam Electric Station ( 1982 annual report). IchthyologicalAssociates, Inc., Berwick, PA.

Oeutsch, W. G., J. L. obeyer, L. S. Zelenak, and W. F. Gale. 1984.Benthic macroinvertebrates. Pages 83-114 in T. V. Jacobsen (ed.>,Ecological studies nf the Susquehanna River in the vicinity of theSusquehanna Steam Electric Station ( 1983 annual report). Ichthvo-logical Associates, Inc., Berwick, PA.

Zelenak, L. S., W. G. Oeutsch, and W. F. Gale. 1985. Benthicmacroinvertebrates. Pages 77-111 in T. V. Jacobsen (ed.), Ecologicalstudies of the Susquehanna River in the vicinity of the SusquehannaSteam Electric Station (1984 annual report). IchthyologicalAssociates, Inc., Berwick, PA.

Zelenak, L. S., W. G. Deutsch, and T. V. Jacobsen. 1986. Benthicmacroinvertebrates. Pages 75-110 in T. V. Jacobsen (ed.~, Ecologicalstudies of the Susquehanna River in the vicinity of the SusquehannaSteam Electric Station (1985 annual report). Ecology III, Inc.,Berwick, PA.

Deutsch, W. G. 1980. Macroinvertebrate colonization of acrylicplates in a large river. Hydropbiologia 75: 65-72.

Gale, W. F. and 'J. D. Thompson. 1975. A suction sampler forquantitatively sampling benthos on rocky substrates in rivers. Trans.Am. Fish. Soc. 104(2): 398-405.

Howmiller, R. P. 1972. Effects of preservatives on weigPts of somecommon macrobenthic invertebrates. Trans. Am. Fish. Soc. 101(4):743-746.

Wiederholm, T. and L. Eriksson. 1977. Effects of alcohol-preservation on the weight of some benthic invertebrates. Zoon 5:29-31

Soya, W. J. and T. V. Jacobsen. 1979. Physicochemical analyses.Pages 3-42 in T. V. Jacobsen (ed.), Ecological studies o theSusquehanna Fiver in the vicinity of the Susquehanna Steam ElectricStation (annual report for 1978). Ichthyological Associates, Inc.,Berwick, PA.

Oeutsch, W. G. 1981. Suppression o~ macrobenthos in an iron-polluted stretch of the Susquehanna River (Pennsylvania); Proc. Pa.Acad. Sci. 55: 37-42.

Soya, W. J. and T. V. Jacobsen. 1985. Physicochemical anal.yses.Pages 7-54 in T. V. Jacobsen (ed.), Ecological studies of theSusquehanna lbiver in the vicinity of the Susquehanna Steam ElectricStation (1984 annual report). Ichthyological Associates, Inc.,Berwick, PA.

4-15

4.2-48 Cummins, K. M. 1962. An evaluation of some techniques for thecollection and analysis of benthic samples with special emphasis onlotic waters. Am. Midi. Nat. 67(2): 477-504.

4-16

Table 4.2-1

Species of birds collected at the Unit 1 and 2 cooling towers of the Susquehanna SES, 1978-86.An asterisk (e) denotes species found in 1986.

Accipitridae~tcof ic r ~coo crit - Cooper's havk

Phasianidae* ~Helea ris Stella avo - vild turkey

Columb idee~ Coluaba livia - rock dove

PicidaePicofdes Eubesceas - dovny woodpecker~Cola tes auratus - llorchera 111cker

Tyrannid as~Coute us vfreas - casters vood-peveeEgg>idonax fiavlventris - yellow-bellied flycatcherE. virescent - Acadian flycatcherE. afniaus - loess flycatcher

SittidaeSitta canadensis - red-breasted nuthatchs. car~oiaoasis - white-breasted sutllatch

Car thiidaeCerthfa taericana - brown trooper

Troglodytidae* t~ro lod tos a doa - house vren

HuscicapidaeR~fus ~saeva a - guides-trovaed kfnglet

* R. cal nd la - ruby-crowned kingletcaihatus guccocuo h tuft thrushH~focfchfa ~ stelioa - vood thrush

MiahidaeDunetella carolinensis - gray catbirdToxostoma rufupa - brown thrasher

Enberitidae (cont.)**

*

*

*

FringillidaeCsraodacus Eaux re s —purple finch

14iotilta varia - black-and-white warbler~toto ha a tuticella - Aaerican redstartBaird.theros vernivorus - worn-eating

warblerS iurus ~acrete illus - ovenbird~Oororafs fotuosus - Eeneucky warbler0. ~ailis - Connecticut warblerG~othl is tr1che - coenon yellevthroatIIilsoafa Rusf lie - llilson's warblerII. canadeasis - Canada varblerTcterfa ufrens - yellov-besasted chatPareffnes spp. - varbler spp.P~frao a olivaeea - scarlet taaagerP~fran s sp. - tanager

i'heucticusludovicianus - rose-breastedgrosbeak

Cuiraca taerul e - blat groeb ak~gfra aaericana - diotciesel~tfuella Eustlla - field spatterM~los ita aelodia - scag sparrowM, Lfacofnfi Lincoln s sparrowM. Ester 1aaa - svsap spattovZonotriehia ~loco h s - «hfte-crovn d

s parrowJunco h~ffs - dark- yed juncoArnodramus savannaruya - grasshopper

sparrow~polfchou orrsfworo e - boboliakQufscalus Suiscula - canton gracklelccetus Eafbufa - northeta oriole

VireonidaeVireo griseus - white-eyed vireo

* V. solitarius - solitary vireo* V. flavifrons - yellow-throated vireo

V. ~ilvus - warbling vireo* V. olivaceus red-eyed vireo

Vireo spp. - vireo spp.

'

Emb erisidaeVerdphivora 2inus - blue~ged warblerV. ehrheotara - golden-v1aged achierV. ~crine - teanessee vatblerV. ~rectos 1lla - NasIAvflie vernier

* Parula americana «northern parulaD ndroiea E eechia - yellov varbler

* D. ~as lvanica —chestnut-aided warbler* D. a~aoffa - aaguolia varbl r

D. ~cf rina - Cep Hay varblerD. caerulescens - black«throated blue warblerD. coroaata - yellow-totged arbler

~ D. viteas - block-throated green warbler* D. fuses - Biackburnian warbler* D. pinus - pine warbler

D. discolor - prairie warblerD. ~~eK<nas - pain warblerD. eastaaee - bay-bcaasted erbler

~ D. striate - blackpoll varbler

0

0* 1

Table 4.2-2/

Meekly bird fnpaction totals fron Unit 1 and 2 cooling towers, 24 Msrch through 6 June 1986.

Fanily/SpeciesA r

24-27 31-4 7-11 14«18 21-25 28-2 5-9 12-16 19-23 26-30 2-6 Total

PhasianidaeMild turkey

ColunbidaeRock dove

1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1

1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1

VireonidaeRedyed vireo

ERberixidaeCoason yellowthroatSong sparrow

0 0 0

1 01 0

0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1

0 0 0 0 '0 0 0 0 10 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1

Total IndividualsTotal Species

1 3 0 0 0 0 0 0' 1 0 51 3 0 0 0 ~ 0 0 0 0 1 0 5

Rebel ideeCoamxm yellowthroatComnon grackle

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -i 0 0 0 1

0 0 0 0 0 0 0:0 0 0 1 1

Total XndividualsTotal Species

0 0 0 .0 0 0 0 1 0 0 I 20 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 2

J'.t

P

Tab1e 4.2-3

Weekly bird impaction totals from Unit 1 and 2 cooling tovers, 18 August through 7 November 1986.

Se Oct NovPamily/Species 18-22 25-29 2-5 8-12 15-19 22-26 29-3 6-10 13-17 20-24 27-31 3-7 Total

UNIT 1

MuscicapidaeRubymrovned kinglet

VireonidaePhiladelphia vireo,Red-eyed vireo

EmberiridaeMagnolia varblerBlackpoll verb lerBlack-and-whee verb lerCommon yellovthroat

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1

0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 00 1 0 0 2 0 . 1 3 0 0

0 0 0 0 4 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 0 ~ 0 1 0 00' 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 00. 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0

0 1

0 1

0 7

0 40 1

0 1

0 2

Total IndividualsTotal Species

0 1 0 0 9 0 1 4 1 1 0 0 170 1 0 0 5 0 1 2 1 1 0 0 7

'Columbidae

Rock dove

TroglodytidaeHouse wren

UNIT 2

0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2

0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

MuscicapidaeRuby-crovned kinglet 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1, 0 0 0 1

VireonidaeSolitary vireoYellow-throated vireoPhiladelphia vireoRed-eyed vireo

Emb eris ideeNorthern parulaChestnut-sided warblerMagnolia varblerBlack-throated

green varblerBlackburnian varblerPine varblerBlackpoll warblerAmerican redstartCommon yellovthroatBlue grosbeak

0 00 00 0

1 0 00 0 02 0 0

0 0 2 0 1

0 1 3 0 00 0 1 0 00 0 0 0 1

0 0 0 0 00 0 1 0, 00 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 1 0 00 0 0 1 0 00, 1 0 1 0 0

0 0 2 00 0 0 00 0 0 00 0 0 0

0 0 0 00 1 0 00 0 0 0

0 0 0 00 0 0 00 0 0 00 0 0 00 0 0 00 0 0 00 0 0 0

0 20 1

0 1

0 2

0 1

0 1

0 3

0 30 50 1

0 1

0 1

0 1

0 1

0Total IndividualsTotal Species

3 1 1 3 14 0 2 0 2 2 0 0 283 1 1 2 10 0 2 0 2 1 0 0 17

I

P"'C

Table 4.2-4

SUSgUEIIANNA SESthintenance of Transmission Line Corridors

Selective Ilerbicide Application

Sheet 1

1986Year

Stanton — Sus uehannaLine Names

IIerbicides Additives

Sus uehannaDivision

Carrier

Alt.No.

CommercialName

Garlon 3ATordon 101

ActiveIngredient

Triclo yrPicloram2, 4-D

AcjdEquxv.38/gal

p't"/Go"L'I:Solution

2 quarts.548/gal 2 quarts28/gal

ceqpercial pe/ fhG.GaI.S e

Am''

Clean Cut 1 quartClear Way 3 oz

Name

Water

le]'jG)",ti'I.99

Alt.No.

No. OfAcres

220.7

TotalGallonsSolution19,415

ApplicationRat

Gal.r A.88.0

Application DataTotal

GallonsConcentrate

Garlon 97.1Tordon 97.1

RateGal./A.

,44.44

Total Pounds

GGP'8-aTriclopyr 291. 3

Picloram 52.42, 4-D 194.2

PoundsPer

Acre1.32

.24

.88

Alt. No. Application Dates Location By Grid No.Prom

7-28-86 9-6-86 44162 IirM271 49023 N 40@2

Line Clearance Poresterztle

(717) 368-5219one

P. 0. Boox 158, Montoursville, PA 17754ress

SUSgUEIIANNA Sl'SIhintenance of Transmission Line Corridors

Selective llerhicide Application

1986Year

.'tanton — SusquehannaLine Names

Ilerbicides Additives

SusquehannaDivision

Carrier

Alt.No.

C'ommercialName

4 Roundup

ActiveIngredient

Glyphosate

Acid Pek ld0 Pal.Equiv Solution3g/gal 1 gallon

Snec. Am't.Conygercial Pe) 100 Gal.

.'Yame olutionClear Way 3 oz Water

PeL'LA(",Lal.99

Alt.No.

No. OfAcres

58.26


ApplicationGal. lA.

Rat

62. 2


GallonsConcentrate

36.25

RateGal /A.62

Total Pounds

HquPaakeat108.75

PoundsPer

Acre1.87

Alt. No.

4 9-8-86

Application Dates

To9-9-86

From43653 N 35465

Location By Grid No.

To43492 N 36409

Line Clearance Foresterit e

(717) 368-5219lone

P. 0. Box 158, Hontoursville, PA 17754ress

~ ~ y ~I

Table 4.2-4

SIIS(fIII!IIANNA SEStiaintenance oF 'I'ransmiss ion I,ine Corridors

Select ivc llerliicide Application

Sheet 3

1986Year

Sus uehanna - Wescosville

HarbicidesLine Names

Additives

Sus uehannaDivision

Carrier

Alt. CommercialNo. Name

1 Garlon 3ATordon 101

ActiveIngredient

Triclo rPicloram2. 4-D

AcjdEqusv.

~39/ al

S)>e f~AllI

Sol«tion2 uarts

.548/gal 2 quarts28/gal

CommercialFame

Clean CutClear Wa

1 uart3 oz

Water 99

Nasa PeQO(~LI.

Alt.No.

No. OfAcres

1 19.7

TotalClallonsSolution

400

ApplicationRat

Ca 1. JA.

20. 3

Aiqilication DataTotal

IaailenSConcentrate

Garlon 2

Tordon 2

RateCaal . 1'A.

.10

.10

Total Pounds

Cqaa<sea6.00

Picloram 1.082, 4-D 4.00

PoundsPer

Acre.30.05.20

Alt. No. Application Dates Location By Grid No.From

7-28-86To

7-28-86From

44198 N 33345To

44119 N 33799

Line Clearance Foresterlt e

(717) 368-5219~aaiau- P. 0. Box 158 Montoursville, PA 17754

ress

0Table 4.2-4

SUSglJEllANNA SES

tfaintenance of Transmission l,ine CorridorsSelective Ilerhicide Application

Sheet 4

YearSus uehanna-Wescosville 500 kV

Line Names

Herbicides Additives

Lehi h

DivisionCarrier

Alt. CommercialNo. Name

ActiyeIngredientTric o

Acid PeVFOO Pal.Equiv. Solution

~M~i~ 1 uartSurfel

S ec Am't.Ceqpercial Pe[ lhO Gal.

i ifName

llater

Alt.No.

No. OfAcres

TotalCiallonsSolution4590

ApplicationRat

Gal. fA.


GallonsConcentrate

Garlon 3A-28.18do 101-28.18

RateCial./A..46.46

Total Pounds

OquVrak eatTriclo r - 84.54Picloram - 15.22

PoundsPer

Acre1.39

.25

Alt. No. Application Dates

From6-17-866-18-8

6-16-86

To6-17-866-19-86

6-24-866-18-86

From61220 S 5387161258 S 5384361446 S 5338161375 S 5326962020 S 5208161081 S 54114

Location By Grid No.

To61330 S 5362361446 S 5338161375 S 5326962021 S 51536 .

62020 S 520810 7 5 235

Line Clearance Forestert e

215-398-4258>one

P 0 Box 3500ress

Table 4.2-4 Sheet 5

SUSQUEIIANNA SESthintenance of Transmission l,ine Corridors

Selective Herbicide Application

1986Year

S nbur - Sus uehanna 2

Line Names

Herbicides AdditivesDivision

Carrier

Alt.No.

CommercialName

Tordon 101

Roundup

ActiveIngredient

Picloram2,4-DGly hosate

Aq'cIdPek f00 (iaf.Equzv. Solution

~l.548/gal 2 quarts28 al

Commercial%arne

Clean CutClear Way

Clear Wa

Pe 00 Ga ~

1 quart3 .QZ

3 oz

Name

Water

Water

99

99

Alt.No.

No. OfAcres

363.5

45.7


2 775

ApplicationGal. fA.

Rat

58. 1

60.7


GallonsConcentrate

Garlon 105.67Tordon 105.67

Roundu 27.75

RateGal./A.

.290

.290

.61

Total Pounds

Equ(talentTriclo r 317.01Picloram 57.062,4-D 211.34Gl hoss te 8.. 25

PoundsPer

Acre.872. 1569. 5814

1.82

Alt. No. Application Dates Location By Grid No.

From6-16-866-30-86

To8-4-867-2-86

From25791 N 2417536321 N 28795

To44001 N 3391637174 N 29472

Line Clearance Forestertie

(717) 368-5219>one

P. 0. Box 158 Montoursville, PA 17754ress

Table 4.2-4

SUSgllEliANNA SES

lfaintenance of Transmission l.inc (.orridorsSelective Ilerhic idie Apih) i cat ion

0S eet 6

1985Year

Sunbur — Sus uehanna 82

llerbicidosLine Names

Additives

SusquehannaDivision

Carrier

Alt.No.

CoaaercialName

Tordon 1+ 2*

ActiveingredientPiclo ramTriclop r

Ac dEqu/v.

~lg el2lllgal

Pe<''20 (In):Solution5 allon

.ommercial Peg zbName Elution 'ame

Basal Oil

* heD~BLanlisted in the next revision of the Phenos lvania Power

egetat on nagement. Application l)ata

Alt.No.

No. OfAcres8.5

TotalGallonsSolution

16

ApplicationraY.Pg.

1.88

Total(gallons

Concentratel(ate

(an 1. /A..47

Total Pounds

g,Ã'l-tic

Triclo r 8.0

PoundsPer

Acre

.94

Alt. No. Application Dates Location Sy Grid No.

Froa10-2-86

To10-7-86

Proa30318 N 25672

To39160 N 30 1

Line Clearance Forestert e

(717)36&-5219one

P. 0. Box 15&~Montoursville, PA 17754ress

0Table 4.2-5 Sheet 1

SUSQUENANNA SES

MAINTENANCE OF TRANSMISSION LINE CORRIDORS

1986Year

Selective Reclearing

Sta to -Ss ea a 2Line Names

Side Trimming

Centralv s on

DatesFrom To

~uaa16 ~PlyGrid Location

From To AcresDates

From ToGrid Location

From ToLin.Ft.

DatesFrom To

Danger Tree Removals

Grid LocationTFrom To Trees From

DatesTo

Screen Trimming

Grid LocationFrom To

Line Ins ectortie

717-459-7393Phone

Central Division ServiA ress

- 344 S. Poplar St.Hazleton PA 18201-7155

P 0

0k

0Table 4.2-5

$heet 2

SUSQUEIIANNA SESMAINTENANCE OF TRANSMISSION LINE CORRIDORS

Year


Line Names

Side Trilaing

Northernv s on

DatesFrom To~~K ~

Grid LocationFrom To Acres

DatesFrom To


DatesFrom To

~7-86 ~4-7-


Trees~lGrid LocationFrom To

~P

DatesFrom To

~LQ6

Screen Trimming


ce Forestertie

717 253-4950Phone

R. 0: 4, Honesdale PA 18431A ress

0

0~ '

Table 4.2-5 Sheet 3

SlJ9f ill'IIANNASESMAINTENANCE Ol'RANSMISSION LINE CORRIDORS

1986Year

Sunbury — Susquehanna 82IU l.ine Names

Selective Reclearing Side Trimming

Susquehannav s on

Dates Grid LocationFrom To From To

10-7-86 11-28-86 38959 N 30771 39159 N 30919Acres

2

DatesFrom To


10-7-86 11-28-86 43234 N 32583 43392 N 32662 9

DatesFrom To


Grid LocationFrom To Trees

Screen Removal


Line Clearance Inspector (717)368-5219l'hone

P. 0. Box 158, Montoursville, PA 17754Ad ress

0

0~ 1

II

'able4.2-5 Sheet 4

Sl)S(/llENANNA SESMAINTENANCE OF TRANSMISSION LINE CORRIDORS

1986Year

Stanton — SusquehannaLine Names

Susquehannav s on

FromDates

To


Grid LocationFrom To Acres

Widening


10-7-86 10-10-86 44025 N 34247 44290 N 34277

Lin.Ft.

2 800

DatesFrom To


Grid LocationFrom To Trees

Screen Removal


Line Clearance Forestertie

(717)368-5219Phono

P. O. Box 158, Hontoursville PA 17754Ad ress

Table 4.2-6

ean density (units/mm*) of periphytic algae on two acrylic plates submerged for 12months at SSES on the Susquehanna River, 1986.

TAXON

CHLOROPHYTAACTINASTRUHAHKISTRODESHUSCERASTERIASCHIAHYDOKOHASCLOSTERIUHCOELASTRUHCOSMARIUHCRUCIGENIADICTYOSPHAERIUHGOLENKINIAKIRCHHERIEILAOEDOGOHIUHOOCYSTISPEDIASTRUMPOLYEDRIOPSISSCENEDESHUSTETRAEDRONTETRASTRUHUHIDEHTIFIED

25 JUNE

3 ~ 711. '7

0. 00. 30. 00. 00. 00. 90. 00. 00. 30. 01. 50. 30. 39. 60. 30. 6

22. 8

18 AUGUST

3. 729. 0

0. 31. 50. 01. 21. 20. 61. 90. 33. 70. 37. 1

0. 01. 2

22. 50. 30. 9

'52.1

14 OCTOBER

0. 920. 0

0. 00. 01. 20. 04. 60. 00. 00. 03. 1

0. 00. 30. 00. 0

25. 00. 00. 0

17. 6

TOTAL

0. 64. 5

<0. 1

0. 1

0. 1

0. 1

0. 40. 1

0. 1

<0. 1

0. 5<0. 1

0. 7<0. 1

0. 1

4. 2<0. 1

0. 1

6. 8

BACILLARIOPHYTAACHHANTHESAMPHORACOCCOHEISCYCLOTELLACYHBELLAFRAGI LARIAGOHPHONEHAGYROSIGHAHELOSIRAHERI DIOHHAVICULANITZSCHI A

SKELETONEHARHOICOSPHENIASTAURONEISSTEPHANODISCVSSURIRELLASYNEDRA

CYANOPHYTACHROOCOCCUSOSCILLATORIASCHIZOTHRIX

RHODOPHYTARHODOCHORTOH

TOTAL

0. 90. 00. 3

21. 30. 30. 04. 60. 00. 90. 0

29. 043. 5

4. 30. 00. 0

15. 1

0. 05. 2

1. 20. 0

125. 2

0. 0

304. 1

0. 90. 06. 5

90. 30. 90. 63 ~ 70. 04. 90. 0

15. 1

51. 510. 5

0. 00. 0

136. 60. 00. 9

2. 20. 37. 7

0. 3

460. 7

1. 20. 3

32. 423. 4

3. 1

0. 021. 9

1. 525. 9

0. 3173. 0

80. 50. 00. 9

16. 078. 3

0. 34. 6

0. 00. 9

51. 5

1. 2

589. 9

0. 2<0. 1

2. 910. 0

0. 3<0. 1

2. 20. 1

2. 3<0. 1

16. 013. 0

1. 1

0. 1

1. 21'7. 0<0. 1

0. 8

0. 30. 1

13. 6

0. 1

0P

,'!

Table 4.2-7

Mean density (units/mm*) of periphytic algae on two acrylic plates submerged for 12months at Bell Bend on the Susquehanna River, 1986.

(

TAXOH

CHI.OROPHYTAACTINASTRUMANKISTRODESHUSCHLAHYDOHONASCHODATELIACIOSTERIUHCOEIASTRUHCOSMARIUHCRUCIGENIADICTYOSPHAERIUHKIRCHHERI El LAOOCYSTISPEDIASTRUHSCENEDESHUSSELENASTRVHTETRAEDROHTETRASTRUHUNIDENTIPIED

BACILLARIOPHYTAACHHANTHESAHPHORAASTERIOHEI I ACOCCONEI SCYCLOTEI LACYHATOPI BURACYHBELIADIATOHAFRAGIIARIAPRVSTULIAGOHPHONEHAGYROSIGHAHELOSIRAHERI DIONNAVIGULANITZSCHIASRELETONEHARHOI COSP HEMIASTEPHANODISCUSSYNEDRATHALASSIOSIRA

CYANOPHYTACHROOCOCCUS

'OELOSPHAERIUH

CYANARCUSOSCILLATORIASCHIZOTHRI X

EUGLENOPHYTATRACHELOHONAS

TOTAI

26 J UNE

6. 013 ~ 7

2. 00. 00. 00. 00. 00. 40. 02. 05. 20. 0

19, 70. 40. 00. 4

58. 6

0. 80. 04. 04. 8

172. 70. 05. 20. 40. 00. 04. 00. 05. 23. 2

33. 346. 612. 5

0. 0143. 0

15. 341. 0

0. 80. 00. 00. 0

99. 2

0. 0

700. 4

19 AUGUST

1. 034. 2

0. 31. 20. 31. 50. 31. 1

6. 1

1. 97. 40. 3

40. 00. 30. 41. 9

50. 5

0. 30. 00. 05. 9

149. 40. 01. 50. 00. 00. 03. 50. 3

15. 80. 4

18. 371,514. 2

0. 3~223. 6

0,30 ~ 0

5. 20:00. 30. 0

106. 3

0. 0

765. 8

14 OCTOBER

0. 024. 1

0. 00. 00. 00. 90. 00. 30. 38. 90. 30.3„

31. 1

0. 00. 00. 3

11. 4

0. 30. 31. 2

54. 928. 7

0. 34. 61. 24. 00. 39. 6

10. 845. 0

0. 088. 595. 9

0. 34. 3

112. 52. 20. 0

0. 00. '3

0. 01. 2

42. 9

0. 6

587. 8

TOTAf

3. 50. 1

0. 1

<0. 1

0. 1

<0. 1

0. 1

0. 30. 60. 6

<0.1'.

4<0. 1

<0. 1

0. 1

5. 9

0. 1

CO. 1

0. 33. 2

1'7. 1

<0. 1

0. 60.'10. 2

<0. 1

0. 80. 53. 20. 26. 8

10. 41. 30. 2

23. 30. 92. 0

0. 3<0, 1

<0. 1

0. 1

12. 1

<0. 1

0

0/'1 ' I

h

Table 4.2-8

Mean density (units/mm') of periphytic algae onat Bell Bend I on the Susquehanna River, 1986.

two acrylic plates submerged since 30 May

TAXON

CHLOROPHYTAACTIHASTRUHANKISTRODESHUSCERASTERIASCHf AHYDOHONASCHODATELLACOELASTRUHCOSHARIUHCRUCIGENIADICTYOSPHAERIUHGOLEHKINIAKIRCHNERIELLAOEDOGONIUHOOCYSTISPEDIASTRUHSCENEDESHVSTETRAEDROHTETRASTRUHUNIDEHTIPIED

BACIL ARIOPHYTAACHNANTHESAHPHORAASTERIONEf.LACOCCONEISCYCLOTEf f ACYHBELf A

DIATOHAPRUSTULIAGOHPHONEHAGYROSIGHAHANTZSCHIAHELOSIRAMERIDIONNA VIGULANITZ SCHI AP INNUl.ARIASKELETONEHARHOICOSPHENIASTEPHANODISCVSSYHEDRA

CYAHOPHYTACHROOCOCCUSHERISHOPEDI AOSCIf,f ATORIASCHIZOTHRIX

27 JUNE

1. 80. 70. 00. 1

0. 00. 1

0. 1

0. 00. 1

0. 00. 00. 00. 00. 00. 60. 00. 03. 5

0. 00. 00. 00. 28. 70. 1

0. 00. 00. 30. 00. 1

0. 30. 02. 95. 50. 0,0. 50. 0

20. 42. 9

0. 50. 00. 1

1. 4

19 AUGUST

2. 251. 5

0. 60. 70. 61.51. 1

2. 4

2. 60. 67. 83. 4

14. 00. 0

56. 71.01. 8

89. 0

0. 40. 00. 0

'10. 1

293. 1

5 ~ 40. 00. 38. 1

Q. 00. 08. 20. 09. 4

122. 5

40. 01. 9

442. 30. 6

- 1.10. 00. 0

73. 2

14 OCTOBER

0. 023. 1

0. 00. 30. 01. 20. 00. 30. 60. 06. 50. 00. 90. 3

.34.20. 00. 09. 9

2. 20. 31. 2

60. 1

29. 66. 20. 6Q. 99. 3

12. 00. 0

37. 90. 3

121. 2121. 2

0. 30. 03. 4

117. 81.

5'.

00. 30. 9

86. 6

TOTAL

0. 23. 8

<0. 1

0. 1

<0. 1

0. 1

0. 1

0. 1

0. 2<0. 1

0. 70. 20. 7

<0. 1

4. 60. 1

0. 1

5. 1

0. 1

<0. 1

0. 1

3. 516. 6

0. 6<0. 1

0. 1

0. 90. 6

<0. 1

2. 3<0. 1

6. 712. 5<0. 1

2. 00. 3

29. 1

0. 3

0. 1

<0. 1

0. 1

8. 1

EUGf.ENOPHYTATRACHEf OHONAS

RHODOPHYTARHODOCHORTOH

TOTAL

0. 0

0. 0

50. 9

1. 7

0. 0

1255. 8

0. 0

0. 3

691. 4

0. 1

<O. 1

0

0ll

Table 4.2-9

Species of periphytic algae composing 5X or more of the total units counted in at least one replicatesample from SSES, Bell Bend, or Bell Bend I on the Susquehanna River, 1986. pH affinity as rated byLowe (Ref. 4.2-26): 1 alkaliphilous, 2 ~ acidophilous, 3 indifferent, and 4 unknown.

Species pH Affinity SSES Bell Bend Bell Bend I

CHLOROPHYTAAnkistrodesmus falcatus""'"'9—"' ""'un, Aug, Oct

OctAug, OctOct Oct

BACILLARIOPHYTACocconeis placentula

C. seudostelli eraHelosira granulata

N. salinarum var. intermediaNitzschia acicularisH. d~issi ataN. palea

Thalassiosira pseudonana

(1)(1)(3)(1)(1)(4)(1)(1)(3)(4)(3)

OctJunAug

OctOctAugJunAug, OctJun, Aug, Oct

OctJunAugOctOctOctAug

Aug, OctJun, Aug, OctJun

OctJunAugOct

OctJun, Aug

Aug, OctJun, Aug, Oct

CYANOPHYTASchizothrix calcicola Jun, Oct Jun, Aug, Oct Jun, Aug, Oct

:0

0~ I

Table 4.2-10

Average density (unitslnn*) and relative abundance (2 total) of periphytic algae on tuo acrylic plates ar.SSES, Bell Bend, and Bell Bend I on the Susquehanna River collected in June, August, and October> 1977-86.

GREENS DIATOHS BLUE GREENSUNITS LOL I TOTAL UNITS LOL 2 TOTAL UNITS LUL 2 TOTAL UhlTS ml I TOTAL UNITS Ãi I TOTAL

SSES

PREOPERATION OF THE SUS UEHAHNA SES

1977 372 55.0 228 33.7 741978 233 24.3 718 74.8 91979 563 40.8 784 56.8 321980 707 40.8 998 57.6 271981 1840 78.4 491 20.9 161982 808 61.1 505 38.2 9

10.90.92.31.60.70.7

0.30.00.00.00.00.0

676960

1379L73223471322

99.9100.099.9

100.0100.0100.0

MEAN 754 53.7 621 44.2 28 . 2.0 <1 <0.1 1403 99.9

OPERATION OF THE SUS UEHANNA SES

1983 336 46.4 338 '6.6 50 6.91984 169 13.2 1100 85.8 13 1.01985 484 34oL 909 64,1 22 1.61986 84 18 ' 304 67.4 63 14.0

HEAH 268 27 ' 663 68.4 37 3.8

0030

0.0OoOOo20.0

<0.1

72412821418451

969

99.9100.0100.0LOU+0

99 '

BELI BEND

PREOPERATION OF THE SUS UEHANNA SES

37.316.748.539.675.458.0

14731437-10923929

915818

1977 988 ~ 55.7 1811978 293 81.7 291979 1124 47.1 1011980 2626 59.3 691981 2880 24.0 231982 L169 40.6 29

6.81 ~ 64.41.00.61.4

0.2<0.10.00.0

<0,10.0

264617602317662438L920L6

100.0100.0100.099.9

LOO.O100.0

HEAH L513 47.3 1611, 50.4 72 2 ~ 3 <0 1 3197 100.0


1983 1565 56.9 904 32.8 2851984 119 L4.5 626 76.4 741985 342 14.2 2040 84.7 26L986 112 16.4 487 71.1 86

HEAN 535 32. 1 1014 60. 9 118

10.39.01.1

12.6

7.1

<0.10.00.00.0

<0. I

2755BL9

2408685

1667

L08.099.9

100.0L00.1

100.1

BEI.I BEND IOPERATION OF THE SVS UEHANNA SES

1986 107 16.0 504 75.6 55 8.2 1 0.1 667 99.9

Table 4.2-11

Density (units/ml) of phytoplankton in samples collected at SSES on 'the Susquehanna River, 1986

TAXOH 25 JUNE 18 AUGUST 14 OCTOBER HEAN TOTAL

CHIOROPHYTAACTINASTRUHANKISTRODESHUSCHLAHYDOHOHASCOELASTRUHCRUCIGEHIADICTTOSPHAERIUMKIRCHNERI ELLAHICRACTINIUHOOCYSTISPEDI ASTRUHSCEHEDESNUSSELENASTRUMTETRAEDROHTETRASTRUHUHIDEHTIPIEO

BACILLARIOPHYTAASTERIOHELLACOCCOHEISCYCLOTELLAGOHPHOHEHAHELOSIRAHAVICULAHITXSCHIASKELETOHEXARHOICOSPHENIASTEPHAHODISCUSSYNEDRA

CTANOPHYTAAHASAEHACHROOCOCCUS("HERISHOPEDIASCHI IOTHRII

222333

22111

2267

17844

3110

4440

2267

1889

1330

522200

22889133

03533

333

0778

00

150500

1517117167533267

0100

171017

170

831083

00

32000

830

1483467

04800

0

0150

170

086

000

1164

007

143007

111

1411

411,118661

13274

5210

40

25

124. 1

306. 3513. 0

75. 963. 0

203. 6169. 6

14. 8137. 0

7. 9534. 7

5. 67. 4

52. 4

1027. 6

49. 23. 6

2944. 33. 6

56. 327. 6

834. 8202. 4

1, 22951. 6

111. 1

1. 2310. 4

5. 68. 3

1. 22. 84. 80. 70. 61. 9l. 60. 1

1. 30. 1

5. 00. 1

0. 1

0. 5

9. 5

Q. 5co. 1

27. 3<0. 1

0. 50. 37. 81. 9

40, 1

27. 4

1. 0

40. 1

2.'0. 1

0. 1

EUGLEHOPHYTATRACHEI OHONAS 17 9. 1 0. 1

PYRRHOPHYTAPERI DI NIGH

TOTAL

22

14800 15784 1728

7. 4

10770. 6

0. 1

I ' ~

; Table 4.2-12

Density (units/nl) of phytoplankton in sanples collected at Bell Bend on the Susquehanna River, 1986.

'

TAXON

CHLOROPHITAACTINASTRUHAHXISTRODKSHUSCHLANTDOKOHASCt OSTERIUHCOELASTRUKCRUCIGKNIADICTTOSPHAERIUKKt.AXATOTHRIXGot KNXINIAXIRCHNERI Et.LAHICRACTINIUHOOCYSTISPKDIASTRUHPOLYKDRIOPSISSCENKDKSHUSSet EHASTRUHTETRAEDROHTKTRASTRUHUNIDKHTIPIED

BACILLARIOPHTTACOCCONEISCTCLOTELt ACTHATOPLEURACTHBEt,t.AFRAGIt ARIAGOHPHONEKAGTROSIGHAHELOSIRANAVICULA}}ITT SCHI A

sxeLeToNeNARHOICOSPHEHIAsTePHANoDIscusSTHEDRA

CTAHOPHTTACHROOCOCCUSCOELOSPHAERIUHHeRIsHoPEDIASCHIXOTHRIX

EUGLEHOP HITATRACHELOKOHAS

TOTAI

26 JUNE

533422

6700

133156

220

2261

3562289

71100

891 844

06918

044

00000

822311

04689

400

711000

18489

19 AUGUST

83483

135017

011

9830

17350

0117

00

7171767

1331183

03083

000

170

830

1361383

114683

17

831'167

0

15350

14 OCTOBER

0107

004

11700

710070

232004

86

11514

40

4307

30471

21414

7653

11

2904

25

'2443

HEAN

205. 633'7. 6472. 2

5. 61. 2

53. 6382. 0

7. 45. 6

147. 922. 2

157. 49. 8

29. 6553. 3

5. 622. 275. 3

1037. 8

3. 63525. 1

1. 214. 814. 3

5. 62. 4

129. 023. 8

801. 1

236. 27. 9

3341. 9142. 5

274. 35. 6

23. 48. 3

1. 2

12094

5 TVTA1

1. 72. 83. 9

Co. 1

Co. 1

0. 4

3. 20, 1

lv. 1

1. 20. 2l. 30. 1

0. 24„6

co. 1

0. 2O. 68. 6

CO. 1

29. 1

co. 1

U. 1

0. 1

Co. 1

co. 1

1. 1

0. 26. 62. 00. 1

27. 6l. 2

2. 3CO. 1

n. 20 1

co. 1

T

0

e

Table 4.2"13

Density (units/ml) of'hytoplankton in samples collected at Bell Bend I on the Susquehanna River, 1986.

TAXON

CHloROPH'ITAACTINASTRUHAHKISTRODESHUSCHLAHYDOHONASCHODATELlACOELASTRUHCOSHARIUHCRUCIGEHIADICTYOSPHAERIUMGoleNKIHIAKIRCHNERIELLANICRACTI HI UHOEDOGONIUHOOCYSTISPOLYEDRI OPSISSCENEDESHUSSELEHASTRUNTETRAEDROHTETRASTRUHUHI DENTI FIED

BACILLARIOPHYTAACHHAHTHESASTERIONELLACOCCOHEISCYCLOTELl ACYHBELLAGONPHONEHAHELOSIRAHAVICULAHITYSCMIASeel.eToNeHARHOICOSPHENIASTEPMAHODISCUSSYNEDRA

CYAHOPHTTACHROOCOCCUSHERISHOPEDIASCHI'ZOTHRIX

EUGLeNoPMYTATRACHELOHOHAS

TOTAL

21 3 UHE

1000356

890

1334422

2OO22

11167

0289133511

442244

1222

00,0

81 55000

22861422

04978

400

12670

0'0422

19 AUGUST

133811

12670

671717

61717

63317

083

01117

06783

1067

000

243300

3311

917161

03667

33

8311

0

13384

14 oCToaeR

0157

04

000

210

14307

110

232704

214

111439

53617

11850

20404

6824

114

36

2528

HEAH

317. 8443. 1

451. 9l. 2

66. 720. 413. 0

219. 413. 0

295. 821. 8

2. 412'7. 6

44. 4620. 0

17. 229. 643. 8

834. 4

3. 64. 8

13. 1

3708. 22. 42. 4

50. 429. 6

662. 3196. 3

1. 23108. 8

145. 6

453. 66. 1

11. 9

l. 2

12111. 3

TOTAl

3. 1

3,73. 7

Co. 1

O. 60. 20. 1

2. 30. 1

2. 4

0. 2Co. 1

1. 1

0. 4

5. 1

0. 1

0. 20. 46. 9

Co. 1

Co, 1

0. 1

30. 6CO. 1

Co, 1

0. 40. 25. 51. 6

Co, 1

25. 71. 2

3. 70. 1

0. 1

Co. 1

Pp'able4.2 14

hveraSe density (units/nl) and relative abundance (I total) o! phytoplankton at SSES, Bell Bend> and BellBend I on the Susquehanna River collected in June, August, and October 1977-86.

YEAR GREENS DIATOMS BLUE GREENS OTHER 'IOTAL

SSES


1977 4137 63.6 20681978 8492 35.4 153751979 11375 64.2 54961980 14944 63+2 72131981 23979 61.8 127991982 7224 57.5 5118

HEAH 11692 '56.9 8012

31. 864. I31.030.533.040.8

39.0

298 4.6119 0. 5823 4.6

1483 6.31995 5.1207 1.6

821 4.0

6 <0.112 <0.120 0 ~ I

0 0.023 '0 I

7 <0.1

11 «0.1

6509 100.023998 100.0177L4 99.923640 100.038796 99.912556 99.9

20536 99.9


MEAN 6389 54+3 4001 34.0

1983 12839 69.1 '979 10.6L984 2876'6.3 1265 29.21985 6597 49.4 5572 41.71986 3243 30+1 7186 66+7

1368 11.6

3774 20 '191 4.4

1181 8.8326 3.0

0 0.04 '012 <0.1

17 0.2

6 <O.L

18592 100.04336 99.9

13352 99.910772 100.'0

11764 99.9

BELL BEND


1977 40741978 , 74351979 112521980 157241981 189871982 6503

57.832.465.160+952.260.8

282115239 "

56328136

L51503915

40.066.532.631.541 '36 '

143244369

19632226

268

2.0I~ I2.17.66.1Z.5

11 0.2 7049 100.012 <0+I 22930 100.041 Or2 17294 100 0

0 OoO 258Z3 100.0I <0.1 36364 100.07 <0.1 10693 99 F 9

MEAH 10663 53.2 8482 42.4 869 4o3 12 <O.L 20026 99.9


1983 12324 64.1 2116 11.0 4774 24.81984 3114 66.3 1389 29.6 187 4.01985 6648 48.0 '6151 44e4 1050 7.61986 3532 29.2 8249 68.2 312 2.6

MEAN 6405 51. 4 4476 35 o 9 1581 12. 7

0 0.0 19214 99.95 0.1 4695 100.02 <0, I L385L LOO.OI <0.1 12094 LOO.O

2 <0.1 '2464 100.0

BELL BEND IOPERATION OF THE SUS UEHANNA SES

1986 3709 30 ' , 7929 65.5 472 3.9 I <0.1 12111 100.0

Table 4.2-15

Species of phytoplankton composing 5X or more of the total units counted in at least one sample fromSSES, Bell Bend, or Bell Bend I on the Susquehanna River, 1986. pH affinity as rated by Lowe

(Ref. 4.2-26): 1 mu alkaliphilous, 2 ~ acidophilous, 3 um indifferent, and 4 ~ unknown.I

Species pH Affinity SSES Bell Bend Bell Bend I

CHLOROP}1YTAAnkistrodesmus falcatus~ s—

'"'ictytoshaerium pulchellumOct

AugAugOct

Oct'ug

AugAug, Oct

BACILLARIOPHYTA

Melosira DrauuieteNitzschia acicularis

(1)(3)(1)(1)(4)

Jun. OctAug, Oct

AugJun, Aug, Oct

Jun,Oct'ug,

OctOctAug, OctJun, Aug, Oct

Jun, OctAug, Oct

AugJun, Aug, Oct

I y ,\

0

Table 4.2-16

Description and location of benthic macroinvertebrate sampling sites on the Susquehanna River, 1986.

Station SSES BELL BEND

Site IV

Depth 0.6 1.3 1.3

Substrate Typeb gravel-pebble gravel-pebble

with boulders cgravel-pebblewith boulders c

Location 850 m upriver fromthe center of theintake structure;30 m from thewest bank

710 m downriver fromthe center of thedischarge diffuser;70 m from thewest bank

710 a downriver fromthe center of thedischarge diffuser;55 m from thewest bank

Site depth (m) when river surface elevation is 148.6 m abovemean sea level (river discharge about120 ma/s) at the Susquehanna SES Biological Laboratory.

bBased on predominant particle size (Ref. 4.2-48).

cThere tended to be accumulations of soft sediments downstream from boulders.

0r

, J

able 4.2-17

Density (org/m*) and percent total of ma)or groups of benthic macroinvertebrates collectedwith a bar-clamp sampler at SSES I, Bell Bend IIZ, and Bell Bend IV on the SusquehannaRiver, 1986.

SAMPLING SITETAXA

JUN AUG OCTORG M~ 0 TOTAL

SEES E

NAZDIDAEHYDROPSYCHZDAECHIRONOMIDAEOTHER

88 9.1 2,732 3.8 16,125 20.088 9 ~ 1 24,848 34. 3 17 s 006 21 ~ 1

793 81 ~ 8 41,501 57.3 43 792 54.30 0.0 3s348 4.6 3,789 4.7

6,31513,98128s6962,379

12.327.255.94.6

TOTAL 969 100 ~ 0 72s429 100.0 80s712 100 ~ 0 51,370 100.0

BELL BEND IIZNAIDIDAEHYDROPSYCHIDAECHIRONOMZDAEOTHER

705969

3,348441

12.917.761.38.1

10s4864,846

56,2162,820

14.16.5

75.63.8

23 s 350 23 ~ 5 11 s 5139s076 9.1 4E964

64,235 64.6 41,2662s732 2.7 ls997

19 '8.3

69.13.3

r 5,463 100.0 74s368 100.0 99s392 100.0 59s741 100.0

BELL BEND IV

NAIDZDAEHYDROPSYCHIDAECHZRONOMIDAEOTHER

1, 6741,3224,141

0

23.518.558.00.0

11,3673,260

80s0952,643

11.73.3

82.32.7

108,64416s74289s0832,996

50.07 '

41.01.4

40s5627,108

57,7731,880

37.86.6

53.81.8

7, 137 100.0 97s365 100.0 217,464 100.0 107,322 100.0

'k

-r

* 'I yg A N'

Table 4.2-18

Benthic macroinvertebrates collected with a bar-clamp sampler at SSES I, BellBend III, earL Bell Bead IY on the Susquehanna River, 1986.

SS I BB III BB IU

PlatyhclmfnthcsTurbellaria

AllococoelaTricladida

NemertinenTctrastcmmatidae

Prostoma sp.NematodeAnnclida

OligochaetaNaididae

ArthropodaInsects

PlecopteraEphemeroptera

EphcmerellidaeBaetidaeHcptagcniidae

Stenonema pulchellumTrichoptera

HydropsychidaeCheumatopsyche spp.Hydropsyche moroea8. phalerataHacroetemum spp.

LeptoccridaeNectopsyche sp.Oecetis aoara

DetersTipulidacSimuliidaeEmpididae

Hemerodromia sp.CeratopogonidaeChironomidae .

Tanypodinae .

ThienewÃnimyia gt'Chironominae

Ncrotendi pcs spp.Glyptotendipee sp.Parachiz'onomus spp.Polypedilum conoictumP. ar. scalaenumRheotanytarsus spp.Tanytarsue spp.

OrthoclediinaeCricotopue bicinctueCricotopue spp.ycnocladius spp.Thienemanniella spp.Toetenia diecoloripes

MolluscaCastropoda

AncylidaeFerriesia sp.

XX

X

XX

gr. X

XX

XX

XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX

XXX

XXXXXXXXXX

XX

XRXX

Table 4.2-19

Dry weight (g/m~) and percent total of major groups of benthic macroinvertebratescollected with a dome sampler at SSES I, Bell Bend ZZI, and Bell Bend IV on theSusquehanna River, 1986.

SAMPLING SITETAXA

AUG OCTG M 4 TOTAL G M 't TOTAL G M 0 TOTAL G Mi 0 TOTAL

SEES E

OLZGOCHAETAPLECOPTERAEPHEMEROPTERATRICHOPTERACOLEOPTERADZPTERAMOLLUSCAOTHER

TOTAL

0.1< 0 ~ 1

0.71.30.1

< 0.1<0 ~ 1

0.0

4.01.3

33.157.72.50.70.60.0

2.2 100.0

<0 ~ 1OEO1.01.60.2

<0 ~ 1<0 ~ 1< 0.1

0.20.0

35.056.25.81.11.00 '

2.8 100.0

< 0.1< 0.1

1.02.40.1

<0,1< 0.1

0.0

3.6

0 '0.1

28.966.13.50 '1.40.0

100.0

< 0.1< 0.1

0.91.70.1

< 0.1< 0 ~ 1< 0 ~ 1

1.10.4

32.060.74.00.61.00.2

2.8 100.0

(

BELL BEND IIZOLZGOCHAETACRUSTACEAPLECOPTERA

'EPHEMEROPTERATRZCHOPTERACOLEOPTERADIPTERAMOLLUSCAOTHER

< 0.10;0

<0 ~ 11 40 ~ 1Osl

< 0.1Osl

< O. 1

OE40.00.1

86s44.13.51.43.40.7

<0 ~ 10.00.00.40.50 '

<0 ~ 10.10.1

0.50.00.0

31.039 '11 ~ 11.38 '8.6

< 0 '< 0.1

0.01.01.00 l.

< Osl0.50.1

0.60.40.0

37.735.94.30.5

18.32.3

< 0 '<0 ~ 1< O.l

0.90.50.1

< 0.10.20.1

0.50.20 ~ 0

50 ~ 127.65.71.0

11. 63 ~ 3

TOTAL 1.6 100.0 1.4 100,0 2.7 100 ' 1.9 100 '

BELL BEND IV

OLIGOCHAETACRUSTACEAPLECOPTERAEPHEMEROPTERATRZCHOPTERACOLEOPTERADZPTERAMOLLUSCAOTHER

< 0.1<0 1<0 ~ 1

1 ~ 10 ~ 1

<0 ~ 1< o.l< 0.1< 0.1

1.20 '0.9

81.67.23.42.21.61.8

0.00 ~ 00.00.40.70.1

< 0.10.30.0

0.00.00 ~ 0

27.245.17.51.5

18.50.0

<0 ~ 10.00.01.11.20.1

<0.10.20.2

0.2Oso0 ~ 0

41.342 92.10.46.86.4

< 0.1< 0.1<0 1

0.90.70.1

< 0.10.20.1

o.40.10 '

46.735.33.91.18.83.6

TOTAL 1.3 100.0 1.5 100.0 2.8 100.0 1.9 100.0

SUSQUEHANNA STEAMELECTRIC STATION

SPRAY PONO

GAS-LINE CROSSING

SUSOUEHANNA SESBIOLOGICAL

LABORATORY bLITTLE

WAPWALLOPEN

CREEK

SSES(CONTROL)

COOLING

TOWERS

'O~

0i~ INTAKE

OISCHARGE a

NORTH

SAMPLING SITES8 PHYSICOCHEMICAL4 ALGAE

8 BENTHIC MACROINVERTEBRATE

0 " 300

METERS

(jVmm P

SUSQUEHANNARIVER

EEL WALLS

BELLBEND

(INDICATOR)

WAPWALLOPEN CREEK

Fig. 4.2-1

Sampling sites at SSES and Bell Bend on the Susquehanna River, 1986.

450 0 UNIT 1 TOWER

Im UNIT 2 TOWER

--- PREOPERATION—OPERATION~ ~ oo woo OUTAGE

350

LLJI—C3LLJ

O 250C3

(I50

50

UNIT 1

UNIT

IIIIIIIIIIII//

////

SA SA SA SA SA SA SA SA SA78 79 80 8I 82 83 S4 85 86

400

~00 O

OIJJ

200Q

0 0I—

Fig. 4.2-2'

Total number of impacted birds collected at the Unit 1 and 2 coolingtowers of the Susquehanna SES during spring and autumn migrations

'rom1978 through 1986 with the elevation of each tower during thesame period. No data were collected at the Unit 1 tower before autumn1978 and at the Unit 2 tower before spring 1981.

1

SSES

I

oX

BELL BENO I

OI

Ios0Ia 0

II- ~ Oa~c BELL BENOI Q oaccos

Q SIIIC oaccos

* a 0 0 p * a a

IS TSISTT

0 IP a a 0 0 T a

IST9

0 0 p a a a 0 0 a a a a 0 4 p a a a

I909l900 l90CI90 I

oaaaoaaaoaaol944 I90$ l990

Fig. 4.2-3

Standing crop of periphytic algae (units/mm*) on cumulative acrylic plates atSSES, Bell Bend Is and Bell Bend on the Susquehanna River, 1977-86.

i — ~ /h

gl' ~ ' ~ I 4 l '

20

44

40

$ $

$ 0

4$

40

SSES

$ 0

10

lo

1

o o

)4

z 2$

0I 10Y,

IS

0O"4~ o

BELL BEND l

OI ~ ~IX So

$ $

$ 0

Jo

$ $

$0

1$

10

IS

10

0 DIATDMS

0 GREENS

8 BLUE GREENS

BELL BEND

IP A J A 0 0 P A J A 0 0 S A J A 0 0 J A J A 0 0 i A J A 0 0 i A J A 0 0 J A J A 0 0 A J A 0 A I A 0 J A 0

1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1988

Fig. 4.2-4~ ~

Standing crop of phytoplankton (units/ml) at SSES, Bell Bend I, and Bell Bend

on the Susquehanna River, 1977-86.

6

0 SSES

so

0 ao

40

Q)

.oM

2oKO

10

7s 77 7a 7s ao at ar. az '+ as as

~SUSQUEHANNA SES PREOPERATlON —I~~~OPERATION~

Ff.g. 4.2-5

Annual mean biomass (g/m ) and density (org/m ) of benthic macroinvertebratescollected with a dome sampler at SSES and Bell Bend on the Susquehanna River,1975-86. In 1986, only biomass data were included because density sampleswere collected with a bar-clamp sampler.

5.0 ADMINISTRATIVE PROCEDURES

5.1 REVIEM AND AUDIT

The Licensee has established procedures for an independent group to review andaudit compliance with the EPP. Audits of EPP compliance are conducted by theNuclear guality Assurance Department with support from the EnvironmentalManagement Department.

The Manager-Nuclear Support is responsible for off-site environmental mattersand for providing any related support concerning licensing. TheSuperintendent of Plant-Susquehanna is responsible for on-site environmentalmatters. The Manager-Nuclear guality Assurance with support from theSupervisor-Environmental Support is responsible for verifying compliance withthe EPP. Figure 5.1-1,.Auditing Organizational Chart, lists the variousgroups utilized in environmental reviewing and auditing of the Susquehanna SES

environmental monitoring programs.

5.2 RECORDS RETENTION

(

Records and logs relative to the environmental aspects of plant operation andaudit activities are retained in the Susquehanna Records Management System.This system provides for a convenient review and inspection of environmentaldocuments which shall be made available to the NRC upon request.

Records of modifications to the plant structures, systems and componentsdetermined to potentially affect the continued protection of the environmentshall be retained for the life of the plant. All other records, data and logsrelating to the environmental programs and monitoring shall be retained for atleast five years or, where applicable, in accordance with the requirements ofother agencies.

5.3 CHANGES IN ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION PLAN

There were no requests for changes in the EPP during 1986.

5.4 PLANT REPORTING RE UIREMENTS

5.4.1 ROUTINE REPORTS

This Annual Environmental Operating Report (Nonradiological ) was prepared tomeet routine reporting requirements of the EPP for 1986. It providessummaries and analyses of environmental protection activities required inSubsection 4.2 of the EPP for the r'eporting period. Included in Subsection4.2 of this report are environmental comparisons with nonradiologicalpreoperational studies,, and an assessment of observed impacts of plantoperation on the environment. During 1986, there were no significant effectsor evidence of trends towards irreversible damage to the environment.

5.4.2 NONROUTINE REPORTS

'0All nonroutine events that were reportable during 1986 were reported to eitherfederal, state or local agencies in accordance with their reportingrequirements in lieu of requirements of Subsection 5.4.2 of the EPP. The NRCwas provided with a copy of these reports.

5-1

AUDITING ORGANIZATIONCHART

SR. VICE PRESIDENT-NUCIEAR

MANAGER-NUCLEARQUALlTYASSURANCE

I

I

I

I'SUPERVISOR-ENVIRONMENTALSUPPORT

VICE PRESlDENT»NUCLEAR OPERATIONS

MANAGER- SUPERINTENDENT OFNUCLEAR SUPPORT PLANT-SUSQUEHANNA

o Shad Impingement Survey

1 ~ t. tV t

Ecology JIl, Inc.ENVIRONMENTALCONSULTING SERVICES

SUSQUEHANNA SES BIOLOGICALLABORATORY

R.D. 01 —Berwick, PA 18603(717) 542-2191

22 December 1986

Mr. Richard St. PierreU.S. Fish & Wildlife ServiceBox 1673Harrisburg, PA 17105-1673

Dear Dick:

An impingement survey was conducted at the river water intake of theSusquehanna Steam Electric Station to monitor the occurrence of juvenileAmerican shad in the Susquehanna River from 2 September through 16 October1986. Durfng this period, Ecology III personnel used sampling baskets(1/2-inch mesh) to filter both traveling screen and trash bar wash water at theintake. The baskets were checked once each day, Monday through Friday (washesfrom Saturday and Sunday were included with the Monday collections).

Leaf litter and several aquatic organisms were collected throughout thesurvey. Bryzoans, clams (no Corbicula), crayffshes, and at least six speciesof common river fishes were found. Only one Clupeid was taken on 7 October.The specimen (approximately 100-mm TL) was severely damaged and it could not beidentified when collected. It is probably either a juvenile gizzard shad or anAmerican shad. The specimen was transferred to Dr. Jay Staufffer,Ichthyologist, Penn State University, in hopes that he would be able topositively identify it. To date, I have not received a response from Dr.Stauffer.

If you have any questions or comments, please contact me at yourconv fence.

Respectfull ours,

eo re V. Jacobs'en,P ojec Director

TVJ/msh

"e cc:T. W. Robbins (NES)L. Young (PFC)

susquehanna steam electric station units 8 2 · ~susquehanna steam electric station units 3 8 2...

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