sustainable design using precast concrete click to edit ... · precast/prestressed concrete...

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Click to edit Master title style Speaker

Rita L. Seraderian, PE, LEED AP Executive Director Precast/Prestressed Concrete Institute Northeast Belmont, MA

Sustainable Design using Precast Concrete

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Click to edit Master title style

1. Describe the basic principles in a precast prestressed concrete building with integrated features.

2. Define how to create an economical layout using architectural and structural precast concrete products and

systems.

3. Define how to integrate the building envelope and mechanical systems using precast concrete structure.

4. Discuss LEED and sustainable principles and how it relates to concrete.

Learning Objectives

Sustainable Design using Precast Concrete Systems

Building with Precast

Overview Approach and Benefits

Sustainability and LEED Points

Case Examples

Resources

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High Performance Building Considerations

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Design for Durability

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Baha’i House of Worship, Wilmette, Illinois 1920

Performance of Architectural Precast at PCA, Skokie, IL

• Panels display in 1962 • Cleaned & Inspected in 2000 • Most performed excellent to good

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Performance of Architectural Precast at PCA, Skokie, IL

Functional Resilience

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Durability - Fire

•  Non-combustible •  No fire-proofing required

Blast Testing Conducted by the Air Force Research Lab; Tyndall Air Force Base; Panama City FL http://www.viddler.com/explore/PCIeducation/videos/97/

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National Institute of Building Science www.wbdg.org





Case Examples

Resources

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TOTAL PRECAST BUILDING SYSTEMS

Holistic/Integrated Design

Precast Concrete Strategies

Architectural Component can be part of the structural frame.

Single Source

Windows and electrical work installed at plant savings transportation & installation time.

Reduce Coordination of trades

Keep risk and cost at minimum

Integrate

Using Architectural and Structural Precast Systems

Reduce additional materials for framing, drywall & fire proofing.

Building enclosure completed quicker and cleaner.

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Steel C-I-P Precast Concrete Foundations Foundations Foundations Structural Frame Forming of Frame P/C Installation Metal Decking for slabs Forming for Floors Conc. Slab Placement Concrete Placement Concrete Curing Concrete Curing Time Fireproofing Exterior Façade Exterior Façade Glazing Glazing Glazing Waterproofing Waterproofing

Waterproofing Interior Fit-out Interior Fit-out Interior Fit-out 10 Trades 6 Trades 5 Trades

SPEED Single Source

Build Blocks of Precast

Vertical Elements Vertical and Horizontal Walls Columns Frames Interior & Exterior

Horizontal Elements Spandrels – Load Bearing Non Load Bearing Double Tees Inverted T Beams Hollowcore Planks

Specialty Elements Stairs Modula

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Click to edit Master title style Design Components Double Tee Flooring

Click to edit Master title style Beam, Columns, & Spandrels

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PCI Certification - Specifications

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PCI Certification - Specifications

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Click to edit Master title style Advantages of a Custom Engineered Product

•  Custom Design

•  Reinforcement Details

•  Materials used

•  Concrete Strength

•  Information on Openings

•  Connection Information

Click to edit Master title style Quality Control Record Procedure

Inspection of Each Piece

•  Aggregate Analysis

•  Concrete Batching

•  Tensioning Report

•  Concrete Test Strength

•  Product Inspection

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•  Student Housing •  Apartments/ Condos •  Schools •  Data Centers •  Assisted Living •  Hotels/Motels •  Office Buildings •  Industrial Facilities •  Prisons

Applications of Precast Systems

Precast Design Strategies Exterior/Interior Shear Wall Systems

•  Fewer Pieces Work Best •  Longer Spans •  Repetition

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Click to edit Master title style Design Strategies

Design Strategies

Aurora Municipal Center, Aurora, Colorado Architect: Barber Architecture

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Design Strategies Rigid Frame Systems

Layout Considerations

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• Length – Varies based on the Elements

• Panels - 25 – 35 Ft HT 10-12’

• Columns – 80’

• Double Tees – 60’

• Hollowcore up to 50’

• Maximum Height – 12’-6”

• Tractor Load = 48,000 LBS.

Precast Unit Size

Click to edit Master title style Exterior Architectural Elements

Single Story

Multi-Story

Spandrel Elements

Load Bearing and Non Load Bearing

High Performance Insulated Walls

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Exterior Architectural Elements

UNLIMITED FINISHES

Click to edit Master title style Formliners

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Click to edit Master title style Exterior Architectural Elements – Clay Faced

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Exterior Architectural Elements

Channel Center, Boston, MA

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! Finished Exterior

! Pre-Insulated Edge to

Edge

! Interior finished wall (Ready for paint.)

!  Column-free

! Built-in electrical conduit and boxes

Architectural Precast Concrete Insulated Panels

HPC Wall Fabrication Process

Custom Wood Forms

Reinforcement Placed

Face Mix Poured

Concrete Cast over Steel

Insulation Placed Reinforcement &

Connectors Placed

Top Layer Concrete Cast Finished Panel

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Specialty Elements Stairs

BALCONIES

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Shawnessy LRT Station, Vancouver, Canada

Ultra High Performance Fiber Reinforced Concrete

22,000 psi

Innovation


Jubilee Church (Dives in Misericordia) Rome, Italy Architect: Richard Meier & Partners,

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Photocatalytic (Self-Cleaning) Concrete

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•  Coordination •  Drawing Approval •  Installation Plant - Field •  Design Responsibility •  Future openings

Mechanicals

Saw Cut in Field Core Drilled In Field Piping Placed Large openings - Header

Mechanicals

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•  Could sleeve through beams w/coordinated MEP

•  Raise beams by dapping DT members @ critical bays

Mechanicals

•  Support beams define critical depth. •  DT/Hollowcore system defines basic

depth.

Mechanicals

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Case Examples

Resources

International Green Construction Code

www.iccsafe.org/cs/igcc

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Development of the IGCC

•  The IGCC grew out of the initial efforts of the ICC, AIA, and ASTM.

•  Regulatory framework for guiding Sustainable Construction

•  Aspects of Green Building in one Document.

•  US Green Building Council has since joined the effort.


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Chapter 3: Jurisdictional Requirements

Chapter 4: Site Development

Chapter 5: Material Resource Conservation

Chapter 6: Energy Conservation

Chapter 7: Water Resource Conservation

Chapter 8: Indoor Environmental Quality and Comfort

Chapter 9: Commissioning, Operation, and Maintenance

IGCC

Chapter 5: Material Resource

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Chapter 5: Material Resource

Timeline

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How do they differ?

IGCC International Green Construction Code

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!  Sustainable Sites Points Available Credit 5.1 Site Development, Protect or Restore Habitat 1 Credit 7.1 Heat Island Effect, Non-Roof 1 Credit 8 Light Pollution Reduction 1

!  Energy & Atmosphere Prereq 2 Minimum Energy Performance Required Credit 1 Optimize Energy Performance 1-19

!  Materials & Resources Credit 2 Construction Waste Management, Divert 50% from Disposal; Divert 75% 1-2 Credit 4 Recycled Content, Use 10% (Post-Consumer + Half Pre-Consumer); Use 20% 1-2 Credit 5 Regional Materials, 10% Extracted, Processed & Manufactured; Use 20 % 1-2

!  Indoor Environmental Quality Credit 3.1 Construction IAQ Management Plan, During Construction 1

!  Innovation & Design Process

Credit 1 Innovation in Design 1-5 Credit 2 LEEDTM Accredited Professional 1

LEED: Precast Concrete Project Checklist

Sustainable Sites Credit 5.1 Reduce Site Disturbance

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Concrete Parking Garage

Sustainable Sites - Heat Island Effect

Solar Reflectance Report 94 Pages by PCA www.cement.org/ bookstore

Place at least 50% of parking spaces under cover Roofs used to cover parking must have an SRI > 29 Green Roof or Solar Panels


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Click to edit Master title style Enterprise IV Corp. Center, Shelton ,CT

Sustainable Sites Mixed Use Building System

Credits

Owner/GC - RD Scinto, Inc.

Architect/Engineer - Kasper Group

Project Overview

Five Level Office Building

2 ! Level Parking Structure

Total Area 369,700 SF

Precast Construction Time Approximately 3 !

months.


TRUMBULL CENTRE, Hartford, CT

Credits

Owner – Trumbull on the Park, LLC

Architect – Herbert S. Newman & Partners

Project Overview

Buildings are Side by Side

550 Car Parking Structure 100 Unit Apartment Building

Winter Construction Start October 2003

Completed March 2004

Sustainable Sites Mixed Use Building System

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30% fewer fixtures can produce the same level of lighting on concrete compared to asphalt

Asphalt Concrete

Source: Road Surface’s Reflectance Influences Lighting Design” RP269.01P, R. E. Stark, Portland Cement Association, April 1986.

Sustainable Sites Credit 8 Reduce impact on Night Sky

Energy Conservation Concepts Cornerstone, Plantation, Florida

Architect: Thompson, Ventulett, Stainback & Associates

Horizontal shading with overhangs can reduce heat flow through the building envelope by about 15%. Depending on climate Zone.

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Thermal Mass Effect of Concrete

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Net-Zero High Performance Building

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Energy Conservation

Woodlawn Elementary School, Woodlawn, Ohio Architect: DNK Architects

High Performance Insulated Wall Systems

Thermal Imaging

Woodlawn Elementary School, Woodlawn, Ohio Architect: DNK Architects

High Performance Insulated Wall Systems

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Materials and Resources Construction Waste Management

•  Minimized waste in plant environment.

•  Grey water is often recycled into future mixes.

•  Reusable Steel Forms •  Recycling of materials used

in finishing techniques. Sustainable Plants Program •  Currently under Review •  Program Launch Fall 2011 •  Voluntary Program

•  Fly ash: –  From coal-fired electrical power plants –  Reference ASTM C 618 –  Recommended Maximum Replace – 20%

•  Blast furnace slag: –  From steel manufacturing –  Reference ASTM C 989 –  Recommended Maximum Replace – 20 %

•  Silica fume: –  From silicone manufacturing –  Reference ASTM C 1240 –  Recommended Maximum Replace – 10 %

Materials and Resources Recycled Pre-Consumer Materials

Always check with your local Precast Supplier on dosage rates for different Precast Products.

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Most cements, aggregates & other raw materials are within the 500 mile radius.

Materials and Resources Local/Regional Materials

Indoor Environmental Quality Construction Indoor Air Quality

Precast Design Strategies

•  Maximize use of precast reduces onsite airborne contaminants.

• Colored/Textured Precast vs. Painted and/or Wallboard Surfaces.

•  Low off Gassing

•  Sound-proofing

•  Vermin Resistance

•  No Fire Proofing

•  Windows Installed at Precast Plant.

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Case Examples

Resources


Five Total Precast Dormitories

•  4 Story • 12” hollowcore

•  Exterior walls

•  Interior walls

•  PC stairs

Cornell University Residence Hall Future Adaptability

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Rochester MA School Addition First Total Precast School for Mass.

Rochester MA School Addition

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Global Foundries Malta, NY Semi-Conductor Plant

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Global Foundries Malta, NY

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Architect: Danois Architects, NY, NY Engineer: William Atlas Assoc., NY, NY GC: Blue Sea Const., NY, NY Owner: Blue Sea Development, NY, NY Design Architect: Equus Design, Belmont, MA

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Melrose V, Bronx, NY

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Hollowcore Plank Cores used as Exterior Vents for Bathroom and Kitchen Exhausts. Sustainable Advantage Materials - Duct Work Reduced Energy Use Reduced

Melrose V, Bronx, NY

August 15, 2008 July 15, 2008

Melrose V, Bronx, NY Construction Schedule

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INTERLINK RI Intermodal Facility Parking Warwick, RI Opened October 27, 2010 6 Levels – 3200 Cars Read Story ww.pcine.org

•  Skywalk to TF Green Airport

Sustainable Sites - Intermodal Facilities

•  Train Station •  Bus Terminal

Click to edit Master title style CALTRAN District 3 Office Case Study

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CALTRAN District 3 Office


D/B Competition •  Fixed Price •  Value Add •  Three Teams

•  Two Steel with APC •  One Total Precast

•  Total Precast Won

Total Precast Success

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“Excellence in Public Buildings”

Silver LEED Goal

Key Items •  Building Orientation •  Daylighting •  Ventilation •  Thermal Mass •  Employee comfort

Sustainable Design


Deeply Penetrating Daylight


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Click to edit Master title style CALTRAN District 3 Office

Exposed Precast Interior


Value of Total Precast

Sustainability

•  Contributed to LEED Silver •  Energy Efficiency >15% •  Local Resources >20% •  Local Manufacture >20% •  1 Innovation Credit for “All-in-One” – integral architectural finish on structural elements

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Seismic Performance

Hybrid Moment Frame

•  Controls where movement will happen •  Unique, self-righting mechanism •  Designed for best possible performance •  RESILIENT STRUCTURES


Integral Finishes •  “All-in-One” Design •  Combine Architecture & Structure

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Brick-Clad Precast



Construction Start


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Progress – Week 4



Progress – Week 8


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Precast Erection Complete – 12 weeks


Click to edit Master title style Sustainable Design using

Precast Concrete Systems




Case Examples

Resources

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Directory of Plants www.pcine.org

Resources for Design – Building and Bridges

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•  Precast Prestressed Concrete Institute www.pci.org

•  PCI Northeast www.pcine.org

•  Portland Cement Association www.concretethinker.com

Resources

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